2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROO

Translations: of time, of a season, of the right time, of an opportune time, of a period

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, a season, or a period. It emphasizes the quality or nature of a moment rather than its chronological duration. It is often used to denote a critical or decisive moment, or a suitable occasion for something to happen. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΥ, ΩΡΑΣ

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-DREH-oo-en

Translations: was devoted to, attended, was engaged in, was occupied with, besieged

Notes: This word describes the action of being devoted to, attending to, or being engaged in something or someone. It implies a continuous or persistent presence and focus. In some contexts, it can also mean to besiege, indicating a persistent presence around a place.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΔΡΕΥΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ἑδρεύω (hedreúō), meaning 'to sit, to be seated'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit near' or 'to sit by', which evolved to imply close attendance or devotion.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G5415

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOR-tee-dos

Translations: of a ship, of a transport ship, of a merchant ship

Notes: This word refers to a transport ship, a merchant ship, or a cargo ship. It is used to describe a vessel primarily engaged in carrying goods or passengers. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin related to such a ship, for example, 'the cargo of a transport ship' or 'the crew of a merchant ship'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΟΙΟΥ, ΝΕΩΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word φόρτος (phortos), meaning 'load' or 'cargo', which itself comes from φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oo-es-pa-see-AH-nos

Translations: Vespasian

Notes: This word refers to Vespasian, a Roman emperor who reigned from 69 to 79 AD. He was the founder of the Flavian dynasty and is known for restoring stability to the Roman Empire after the civil war that followed Nero's death. He is often mentioned in historical texts concerning the Jewish-Roman wars, as he was a general leading the Roman forces before becoming emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: This is a transliteration of the Latin name 'Vespasianus', which was the cognomen of the Roman emperor.

G1910

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-BAS

Translations: having stepped upon, having mounted, having gone aboard, having entered, having come upon

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'epibainō'. It describes someone who has completed the action of stepping on, mounting, or entering something. It is used to indicate a past action that has a bearing on the present situation, often functioning adverbially or adjectivally.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΣ, ΕΙΣΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: was crossing over, crossed over, was passing through, passed through

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'διαβαίνω' (diabainō), meaning 'to cross over' or 'to pass through'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It is typically used with an accusative object indicating what is being crossed, such as a river or a boundary.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΠΕΡΑΩ

G1782

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TEF-then

Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ

Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.

G4126, G1909

Part of Speech: Participle, Preposition

Sounds like: PLEH-ohn-eh-PEE

Translations: sailing upon, sailing to, sailing towards, going upon, going to, going towards

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the present active participle of the verb ΠΛΕΩ (pleō), meaning 'to sail' or 'to go by sea', and the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon', 'to', or 'towards'. Together, it describes the action of sailing or traveling by sea towards or upon a particular place or destination. It indicates movement and direction.

Inflection: Present Active Participle (ΠΛΕΩΝ), Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative Singular, combined with the preposition ἘΠΙ.

Synonyms: ΝΑΥΣΙΠΟΡΩΝ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G5146

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tree-AY-rone

Translations: of triremes

Notes: This word refers to a trireme, which was an ancient warship with three banks of oars. It was a common vessel used by the ancient Greeks and Romans for naval warfare and transport. The word is a compound of 'τρεῖς' (treis, meaning 'three') and 'ἐρέτης' (eretēs, meaning 'rower').

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΗΡΗΣ (triērēs) is a compound word derived from the Greek numeral τρεῖς (treis), meaning 'three', and the noun ἐρέτης (eretēs), meaning 'rower'. It literally means 'three-rower' or 'three-fitted', referring to the three banks of oars on the ship.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-PLO

Translations: sailing along, a sailing along, voyage, a voyage

Notes: This word refers to the act of sailing alongside or a voyage along a coast or by a particular place. It describes the journey itself, often implying a course that runs parallel to something else, such as a coastline or another vessel.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΟΥΣ

Etymology: This is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and πλόος (ploos), meaning 'a sailing' or 'voyage'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-el-THOHN

Translations: having come upon, having come over, having come, having gone, having attacked, having arrived, having approached

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon' or 'to go over'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has arrived, approached, or even attacked. It is often used to describe an action that precedes another, functioning similarly to an English 'having done X' construction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ai-OH-nee-as

Translations: of eternal, of everlasting, of age-long

Notes: This word describes something that is without end, perpetual, or belonging to an age. It is used to denote duration, either past or future, and often carries the sense of eternity or an indefinite period of time. It can refer to things that are timeless or that last for a very long time.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΩΝΙΟΣ (aiōnios) is derived from the Greek word ΑἸΩΝ (aiōn), meaning 'age' or 'period of time'. It describes that which pertains to an age or is characteristic of an age, and by extension, that which is perpetual or eternal.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4008, G2532, G1564

Part of Speech: Verb, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ra-YOO-teh-kah-KEE-then

Translations: he is crossing over and from there, he is being carried across and from there, he is being transported and from there

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb 'περαιόω' (peraioō), meaning 'to cross over' or 'to be carried across', in its third person singular present passive indicative form 'περαιούται' (peraioutai), combined with the contraction 'κἀκεῖθεν' (kak-eithen), which means 'and from there'. The full word therefore means 'he is crossing over and from there' or 'he is being carried across and from there'. It describes an action of movement across a space, followed by a continuation from that new location.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Passive Voice, Indicative Mood (for περαιούται); Does not inflect (for κἀκεῖθεν)

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

G2476

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-poo-GEE-ahn

Translations: Iapygia

Notes: Iapygia refers to a region in ancient Italy, specifically the southeastern part, which corresponds to modern-day Apulia. It was inhabited by the Iapygians, an ancient Indo-European people. The word is used to denote the geographical area.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Iapygia is derived from the Iapygians, an ancient people who inhabited the region. Their name is thought to be connected to Iapyx, a figure in Greek mythology, often considered the son of Daedalus or Lycaon.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2259, G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gay-eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: he was making land, he was making earth, he was doing land, he was doing earth, he was acquiring land, he was acquiring earth

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'γῆ' (earth, land) and 'ποιέω' (to make, to do). It means 'he was making land' or 'he was acquiring land'. It describes an action of creating or taking possession of territory. The middle voice suggests the action is done for oneself or involves oneself.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice

G4197

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-EYE-ah

Translations: journey, a journey, travel, a travel, way, a way, course, a course

Notes: This word refers to the act of traveling, a journey, or the path taken. It describes movement from one place to another, often implying a specific route or duration. It can be used to speak of a physical trip or a metaphorical course of action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΕΙΑ (poreia) derives from the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go, to travel, to proceed'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G2542, G328

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Verb

Sounds like: KAI-sa-REI-as, an-a-ZEF-xass

Translations: of Caesarea, having set out, having departed, having broken camp

Notes: This appears to be a concatenation of two separate Koine Greek words: 'ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑΣ' (Kaisareias) and 'ἈΝΑΖΕΥΞΑΣ' (Anazeuxas). 'ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑΣ' is the genitive singular form of 'Καισάρεια' (Caesarea), referring to the city. 'ἈΝΑΖΕΥΞΑΣ' is the aorist active participle, masculine nominative singular, of the verb 'ἀναζεύγνυμι' (anazeugnymi), meaning 'to set out' or 'to depart'. Therefore, the combined phrase describes someone having departed from Caesarea.

Inflection: ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑΣ: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; ἈΝΑΖΕΥΞΑΣ: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΣ

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fee-LIP-poo

Translations: (of) Philip

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Philip'. It refers to a person named Philip and is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Philip' or 'Philip's'. It is a common name found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament and historical writings.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Greek Φίλιππος (Philippos), meaning 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses', derived from φίλος (philos, 'dear, beloved, loving') and ἵππος (hippos, 'horse').

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nayn

Translations: called, named, being called, being named, the one called, the one named

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It can be used to introduce a descriptive phrase or clause, often indicating a characteristic or identity.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G2542

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kai-sa-REH-ee-an

Translations: Caesarea, to Caesarea, into Caesarea

Notes: This word refers to Caesarea, a significant ancient city located on the Mediterranean coast of Judea. It was built by Herod the Great and named in honor of Caesar Augustus. It served as the Roman capital of the province of Judea and was a major port city. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a place where Peter preached and where Paul was imprisoned.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Caesarea" is derived from the Roman imperial title "Caesar," honoring Caesar Augustus. It was a common practice for cities founded or significantly developed under Roman rule to be named after the emperor.

G4753

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: sykh-NON

Translations: frequent, much, many, long, a long time, a great deal

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'frequent,' 'much,' or 'many.' When referring to time, it can mean 'long' or 'a long time.' It is often used to describe a considerable quantity, number, or duration. For example, it could describe a frequent occurrence, a large amount of something, or a long period of time.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'συχνον' (sykhnon) is derived from the Greek word 'συχνος' (sykhnos), meaning 'frequent' or 'often.' Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'holding together' or 'being close together,' leading to the idea of something occurring repeatedly or in great quantity.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-MEH-nen

Translations: he remained, she remained, it remained, he continued, she continued, it continued, he persevered, she persevered, it persevered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remain,' 'to continue,' or 'to persevere.' It describes an action of staying in a place, condition, or activity, often implying endurance or persistence. It is used to indicate that someone or something stayed put or kept doing something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LOHN

Translations: completing, accomplishing, performing, finishing, carrying out, bringing to pass

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ἐπιτελέω' (epiteleō), meaning 'to complete' or 'to accomplish'. It describes an action that is ongoing or in the process of being carried out. It is used to indicate someone who is in the act of finishing or performing a task, often with the sense of bringing something to a successful conclusion. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he, completing the work, rested'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐπιτελέω' (epiteleō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'τελέω' (teleō), meaning 'to finish' or 'to bring to an end'.

G1759

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TOW-tha

Translations: here, there, in this place, in that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'there'. It refers to a specific place or point in time, often emphasizing the immediate vicinity or the current situation. It can be used to mean 'at this point' or 'at that point' in a narrative.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this'). It literally means 'in this very place'.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THA-ree-san

Translations: they were corrupted, they were destroyed, they perished, they were ruined

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phtheiro), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy.' Together, it means to utterly corrupt, destroy, or ruin. In the passive voice, as seen here, it indicates that the subjects were corrupted, destroyed, or perished.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3846

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-blee-THEN-tes

Translations: having been thrown beside, having been compared, having been exposed, having been presented, having been risked

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and βάλλω (ballō, 'to throw, cast'). In its passive form, it means 'having been thrown beside' or 'having been placed alongside'. Depending on the context, it can imply being compared, exposed to, presented, or even risked. For example, it could describe people being thrown to wild beasts or ideas being compared.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word παραβάλλω (paraballō) is formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Its meaning evolved from literally 'throwing beside' to 'comparing' or 'exposing'.

G4129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-THOON

Translations: to multiply, to increase, to abound, to be numerous

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πληθύνω' (plēthynō), meaning 'to multiply' or 'to increase'. It can refer to making something more numerous or to something itself becoming more numerous or abundant. It is often used in contexts of growth, proliferation, or abundance. For example, it might describe a population increasing, or blessings abounding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ

G0318

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nang-kah-ZOH-meh-noy

Translations: compelling, forcing, urging, constraining, being compelled, being forced, being urged, being constrained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anankazo', meaning 'to compel' or 'to force'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the act of being compelled or forced, or who is doing the compelling. It can be used to indicate that an action is done under duress or necessity.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sas-thai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of, to consult

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the deponent verb 'χράομαι'. As a deponent verb, it appears in the middle or passive voice but carries an active meaning. It generally means 'to use' or 'to employ' something, and often takes an object in the dative case. It can also mean 'to consult' an oracle or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, want'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' and then 'to use'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1097

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gee-OH-ras

Translations: proselyte, sojourner, stranger, a proselyte, a sojourner, a stranger

Notes: This word refers to a proselyte, a sojourner, or a stranger. In a religious context, it specifically denotes a Gentile who has converted to Judaism. It can also refer more generally to someone living in a foreign land without full citizenship rights.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΗΛΥΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'ger' (גֵּר), meaning 'sojourner' or 'stranger'.

G4441, G3778

Part of Speech: Verb, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-PYOO-theh-toh-TOO-ton

Translations: he learned this, he inquired this, he ascertained this

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the aorist middle indicative third person singular of the verb πυνθάνομαι (punthanomai), meaning 'to learn by inquiry, inquire, ask, hear, ascertain,' combined with the accusative masculine singular demonstrative pronoun οὗτος (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'this one.' It means 'he learned this' or 'he ascertained this.' It describes the action of someone gaining knowledge about a specific thing.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular (for the verb); Accusative Case, Masculine Gender, Singular Number (for the pronoun)

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4131

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: po-lee-or-koo-MEH-non

Translations: of those being besieged, of those being blockaded, of those being surrounded

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine/neuter participle of the verb 'πολιορκέω' (poliorcheō), meaning 'to besiege' or 'to blockade'. It refers to the people or things that are currently under siege or blockade. It is often used to describe the state of a city or a group of people being surrounded by an enemy force.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΥΚΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G507, G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-no-POH-leh-ohs

Translations: (of) the upper city, (of) the upper town

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'ἈΝΩ' (ano), meaning 'up' or 'above', and 'ΠΟΛΙΣ' (polis), meaning 'city'. It refers to the upper part of a city, often a citadel or an elevated district. It is used to specify a particular section of a city that is geographically higher than other parts.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition 'ἈΝΩ' (ano), meaning 'upwards' or 'above', and 'ΠΟΛΙΣ' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'town'. 'ΠΟΛΙΣ' itself derives from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root referring to a fortified place or high ground.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEE-ah

Translations: army, host, a host

Notes: This word refers to an army, a military force, or a large group of people, often a heavenly host. It is commonly used to describe a body of soldiers or a multitude of individuals acting together. For example, it can refer to the 'army of heaven' or a human military force.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ (stratia) comes from the Greek word στρατός (stratos), meaning 'encampment' or 'army'. It refers to a body of soldiers or a host.

G1096, G3956

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nee-PA-san

Translations: having become all, having become every, having become the whole

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the participle 'ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗ' (genomenē) from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen', and the accusative feminine singular form 'ΠΑΣΑΝ' (pasan) of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. Together, it means 'having become all' or 'having become the whole'. It describes a state of completion or encompassing everything, often in a feminine singular context.

Inflection: Compound word: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗ is Aorist Middle Participle, Nominative Singular, Feminine. ΠΑΣΑΝ is Accusative Singular, Feminine.

G4199

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POR-thay

Translations: he was plundering, he was ravaging, he was destroying, he was laying waste

Notes: This word describes the action of plundering, ravaging, or laying waste to a place. It implies a destructive act, often in the context of warfare or invasion, where property is seized or destroyed. It is used to describe someone who was in the process of destroying or devastating an area.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΔΗΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πορθέω (portheō), meaning 'to sack, ravage, destroy'. It is related to πέρθω (perthō), which has a similar meaning.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pis-TO-ta-toos

Translations: most faithful, most trustworthy, most reliable, most loyal

Notes: This word is the masculine plural accusative form of the adjective 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful' or 'trustworthy'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of faithfulness or trustworthiness. It describes individuals who are exceedingly loyal, dependable, or true. It would be used in a sentence to describe a group of people who are the most faithful or trustworthy among others.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣΤΑΤΟΥΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΑΤΟΥΣ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3037

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: li-tho-TO-moos

Translations: stone-cutters, a stone-cutter

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'stone-cutter' or 'quarryman'. It refers to someone who cuts or shapes stones, often for building purposes. It is used to describe a person's profession or skill related to working with stone.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΛΙΘΟΤΟΜΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ΛΙΘΟΣ (lithos), meaning 'stone', and the root of ΤΕΜΝΩ (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. Thus, it literally means 'stone-cutter'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2039, G2038

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: er-ga-SEE-an eh-pee-TEE-dee-on

Translations: work, a work, suitable, fit, proper, useful, a suitable work, a proper work, a useful work

Notes: This appears to be a compound phrase or a concatenation of two words: 'ἘΡΓΑΣΙΑΝ' (ergasian) and 'ἘΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΝ' (epitēdeion). 'ἘΡΓΑΣΙΑΝ' means 'work', 'business', or 'occupation', and is in the accusative case. 'ἘΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΝ' means 'suitable', 'fit', 'proper', or 'useful', and is an adjective. When combined, it would likely refer to a 'suitable work', 'proper occupation', or 'useful activity'. The word 'ἘΡΓΑΣΙΑΝ' is a feminine noun, and 'ἘΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΝ' is a neuter adjective, which suggests a possible grammatical mismatch if they are intended to directly modify each other in a standard way, or it could imply 'a work that is suitable' where 'work' is understood in a broader sense, or it could be a misspelling/typographical error in the original text.

Inflection: ἘΡΓΑΣΙΑΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; ἘΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΝ: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1301

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ar-KEIN

Translations: to last, to suffice, to endure, to be sufficient, to continue

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to last' or 'to suffice'. It describes something that is enough or continues for a certain period. It can be used to indicate that supplies are sufficient for a given time or that a condition persists.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and ἀρκέω (arkeō), meaning 'to be sufficient' or 'to ward off'. The compound verb thus implies being thoroughly sufficient or lasting through something.

G2250, G1410

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: hay-MEH-ras-doo-na-MEH-nayn

Translations: a day being able, a day having power, a day being powerful, a day being capable

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or a phrase written without a space, combining 'ΗΜΕΡΑΣ' (HEMERAS) and 'ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΗΝ' (DYNAMENEN). 'ΗΜΕΡΑΣ' is the genitive singular or accusative plural of 'day'. 'ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΗΝ' is the present middle/passive participle, accusative singular, feminine, of the verb 'to be able' or 'to have power'. Therefore, the combined phrase likely means 'a day being able' or 'a day having power', referring to a day that possesses capability or strength.

Inflection: ΗΜΕΡΑΣ: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Plural, Accusative, Feminine; ΔΥΝΑΜΕΝΗΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Middle/Passive Participle

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys

Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ

G2524

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-thee-AY-sin

Translations: lets down, lowers, sends down

Notes: This word means to let something down, to lower it, or to send it down. It is used to describe the action of moving something from a higher position to a lower one, often implying a deliberate or controlled descent.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word καθίημι is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to let go'. Thus, it literally means 'to send down' or 'to let down'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G5260

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-NO-mohn

Translations: of undermining, of mines, of tunnels, of subterranean passages

Notes: This word refers to an undermining, a mine, or a subterranean passage. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (under) and 'νομός' (a place of pasturage, or related to 'νέμω' meaning to distribute or manage, here implying a cutting or digging). It describes a hidden or secret passage, often used for military purposes to approach or attack a fortified position from below.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΥΓΜΑ, ΣΗΡΑΓΓΑ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΝΟΜΟΣ is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos), which in this context relates to 'νέμω' (nemō), meaning 'to distribute, to cut, to manage'. Thus, it literally means 'an under-cutting' or 'an under-passage'.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3820

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-LAI-on

Translations: old, ancient, former, an old thing, the old

Notes: This word describes something that is old, ancient, or belongs to a former time. It can refer to age, as in an old person or an old custom, or to something that existed previously, like a former covenant or an old way of life. It is often used to contrast with something new or recent.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago' or 'formerly'.

G3710

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: o-RYG-ma

Translations: ditch, a ditch, pit, a pit, trench, a trench, excavation, an excavation, mine, a mine

Notes: This word refers to something that has been dug out, such as a ditch, pit, or trench. It can also refer to a mine or any kind of excavation. It is used to describe a hole or cavity in the ground made by digging.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΘΡΟΣ, ΛΑΚΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΡΥΓΜΑ is derived from the verb ὈΡΥΣΣΩ (ORYSSO), meaning 'to dig'. It refers to the result or product of digging.

G4390, G1722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-kho-ROO-deen-dee

Translations: they were advancing, they were proceeding, they were going forward, they were making progress, they were moving forward, they were going on, they were going through, they were going along, they were going into

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek verb 'προχωροῦντες' (prouchorountes) or 'προχωροῦντι' (prouchorounti), which is the present active participle of 'προχωρέω' (prochōreō). The ending '-ΔΙ' is highly unusual for a standard Koine Greek verb form and strongly suggests a scribal error or a very rare dialectal variant. If it were 'προχωροῦντι', it would be a dative plural participle, meaning 'to those advancing'. If it were 'προχωροῦντες', it would be a nominative plural participle, meaning 'advancing ones'. Given the context, it describes a continuous action of moving forward or making progress. The root verb 'προχωρέω' is a compound of 'πρό' (pro, meaning 'before' or 'forward') and 'χωρέω' (chōreō, meaning 'to go' or 'to make room').

Inflection: Likely a misspelling or variant of a Present Active Participle, Plural, Masculine/Neuter, Nominative or Dative. If it were 'προχωροῦντες', it would be Nominative. If it were 'προχωροῦντι', it would be Dative.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G4281

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-el-THON-tes

Translations: having gone forth, having come forward, proceeding, advancing

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone forth' or 'having come forward'. It describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb in the sentence. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to come or go forward'. It is used to indicate movement in a forward direction, either physically or metaphorically.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology reflects the concept of moving or coming in a forward direction.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-ee-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having performed, having created

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed by the subject. It is often translated as 'having made' or 'having done', describing a past action that precedes or enables the main verb's action in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G0321

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-DOO-sin

Translations: rising up, an emergence, an ascent, a rising up

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of rising up, emerging, or coming forth from something. It describes a movement upwards or into view, often from a hidden or submerged state. It can be used to describe the emergence of land from water, or the rising of a person or object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ἘΞΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word Ἀνάδυσις (anadysis) comes from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and δύσις (dysis), meaning 'setting' or 'entering'. Together, it conveys the idea of 'rising up' or 'emerging'.

G623

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-SOH-zes-thai

Translations: to be saved, to be preserved, to be delivered, to be rescued

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb σῴζω (sōzō, meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve'). The word is in the present middle/passive infinitive form. It means 'to be saved,' 'to be preserved,' or 'to be delivered' from something, emphasizing the completion or separation from danger. It describes the action of being brought to safety or kept from harm.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ

G1651

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EE-leng-kheh-neh (as written), dee-EE-leng-xen (as likely intended)

Translations: exposed, convicted, refuted, proved wrong, rebuked, reproved

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἐλέγχω' (elegcho), meaning to expose, convict, refute, or prove wrong. It is often used in the context of bringing something hidden to light, or demonstrating someone's error or guilt. The prefix 'διη-' (die-) indicates a thorough or complete action, suggesting a full exposure or refutation. The ending '-ενη' is highly unusual for a Koine Greek verb and strongly suggests a misspelling or garbled text. It is most likely intended to be 'διήλεγξεν' (dielexen), which would be the 3rd person singular aorist active indicative form, meaning 'he/she/it exposed/convicted/refuted'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative (likely a misspelling of 'διήλεγξεν')

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEI-rah

Translations: trial, a trial, test, a test, attempt, an attempt, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to a trial, test, or attempt, often implying an experience that proves or demonstrates something. It can also denote an experiment or an effort to do something. It is used to describe situations where one's character, faith, or abilities are put to the test.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb πειράω (peiraō), meaning 'to try, to attempt, to test'. It is related to the concept of passing through or experiencing something.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3433

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MOH-lees

Translations: with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely, just, only just

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something is done with great effort or difficulty, or that it happens only just in time or to a very limited extent. It can convey the idea of something barely happening or being achieved. For example, 'he barely escaped' or 'they arrived only just'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΣΧΕΔΟΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word μόλος (molos), meaning 'toil' or 'struggle'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: meh-tal-LEH-oo-on-tes

Translations: mining, working metals, digging for metals, extracting minerals

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'μεταλλεύω', meaning 'to mine' or 'to work metals'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the process of mining, digging for, or extracting minerals and metals from the earth. It can be used to describe the action of miners or those involved in metallurgical work.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

G5016

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: tah-mee-yoo-OH-meh-noys

Translations: storing up, treasuring up, managing, dispensing, administering, keeping in store, laying up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to store up' or 'to manage'. It describes an action of keeping something in reserve, managing resources, or dispensing them. It implies careful stewardship or administration, often with a sense of preserving or accumulating something valuable. It is used to describe those who are in the act of storing or managing.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine/Neuter, Dative, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From ταμιεύς (tamieus, "steward, dispenser"), which comes from ταμίας (tamias, "steward, household manager"), related to τέμνω (temnō, "to cut, to divide"), implying the division and distribution of resources.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEL-len

Translations: was about to, was going to, intended to, was destined to

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb μέλλω (mellō). It is often used as an auxiliary verb, indicating that an action was on the point of happening, was intended, or was destined to occur. It conveys a sense of imminence or future intention from a past perspective. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was about to leave' or 'She intended to speak'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb μέλλω (mellō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to delay' or 'to be concerned with'.

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-nee-SOH-meh-nos

Translations: being able, going to be able, able, one who will be able

Notes: This word is a future participle, meaning 'being able' or 'going to be able'. It describes someone or something that will have the power or capacity to do something in the future. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances under which an action will occur.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Greek word δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G1746

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-di-DOOS-kee

Translations: to put on, to clothe, to dress, to wear

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, on) and the verb 'διδύσκω' (to put on, to clothe). It means to put on clothing, to dress oneself, or to be clothed in something. It describes the action of donning garments or being arrayed in a particular type of attire.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΝΔΥΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb 'διδύσκω' (didyskō), which is a reduplicated form of 'δύω' (dyō), meaning 'to enter', 'to put on', or 'to sink'. The reduplication emphasizes the action of putting on.

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-toh-NIS-koos

Translations: tunic, a tunic, undergarment, an undergarment, short tunic, a short tunic

Notes: This word refers to a short tunic or undergarment, typically worn next to the skin. It is a diminutive form of the word 'χιτών' (chiton), meaning a longer tunic. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating that multiple short tunics are being referred to as direct objects.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΙΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΙΤΩΝΙΣΚΟΣ is a diminutive of the Greek word ΧΙΤΩΝ (chiton), meaning 'tunic' or 'garment'. The suffix -ισκος (-iskos) is used to indicate a smaller or lesser version of something.

G1707

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-peh-ro-NEE-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having fastened with a pin, having pinned on, having buckled on

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb emperonao, meaning 'to fasten with a pin, to pin on, or to buckle on.' It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, where the subject performs the action on themselves or for their own benefit. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'en' (in, on) and 'peronao' (to pierce, to fasten with a pin).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΟΝΆΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΕΡΟΝΆΩ

Etymology: The verb emperonao is a compound of the preposition 'en' (in, on) and 'peronao' (to pierce, to fasten with a pin). 'Peronao' itself comes from 'perone' (a pin, brooch, buckle).

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-DOO-see-THAM-bos

Translations: awe, astonishment, wonder

Notes: This word appears to be a compound noun, likely formed from 'ἰδοῦσι' (from 'ὁράω', meaning 'to see' or 'those who see') and 'θάμβος' (meaning 'awe' or 'astonishment'). It describes a state of profound wonder or amazement experienced by those who witness something extraordinary. It refers to the feeling of being struck with awe or wonder.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: This is a compound word. The first part, 'ἰδοῦσι', is the dative plural participle of 'ὁράω' (to see). The second part, 'θάμβος', means 'awe' or 'astonishment'.

G4363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-E-peh-seh

Translations: he fell upon, he fell down before, it happened to, it befell

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō). It is a compound verb formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'he fell upon' or 'he fell down before' someone or something, often in an act of supplication or worship. It can also be used impersonally to mean 'it happened to' or 'it befell' someone, indicating an event or circumstance that occurred.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-meh-non

Translations: they were remaining, they remained, they abode, they waited, they endured

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'menō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to remain, abide, stay, wait, or endure. It can be used to describe people or things staying in a particular place, or continuing in a state or condition.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word μένω (menō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stay, remain'. It is related to Latin 'maneo' and Sanskrit 'manas'.

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G1452

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eng-GYOO-teh-roh

Translations: nearer, closer

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb, meaning 'nearer' or 'closer'. It is derived from the adverb 'ἘΓΓΥΣ' (ENG-goos), which means 'near'. It is used to indicate a greater degree of proximity in space or time. For example, one might say 'come nearer' or 'the time is drawing closer'.

Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΓΓΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΓΥΣ (eng-GYOOS), from which ἘΓΓΥΤΕΡΩ is derived, is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in'.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having come to, approaching, drawing near, coming forward, those who came to, when they came to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'when they came to' or 'after they had approached'. It can also function adjectivally, describing 'those who came to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HOS-tis

Translations: whoever, whatever, whichever, anyone who, anything which, everyone who, everything which

Notes: This is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (who, which) and the indefinite pronoun τις (anyone, someone). It is used to introduce a relative clause and conveys a sense of indefiniteness or generality, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It can refer to persons or things and is used when the antecedent is not specific or is unknown.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ROH-n-toh

Translations: they were asking, they asked, they began to ask

Notes: This is the third person plural, imperfect indicative form of the verb 'erōtaō', meaning 'to ask' or 'to question'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or the beginning of an action. So, 'they were asking' or 'they began to ask' are appropriate translations, depending on the context. It is used to inquire about something or someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΠΥΝΘΆΝΟΜΑΙ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-loo

Translations: he was showing, he was making clear, he was declaring, he was revealing

Notes: This word describes an action of making something clear, evident, or known. It is used to indicate that someone was in the process of showing, revealing, or declaring something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was showing the truth' or 'It was being made clear to them.'

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (delos), meaning 'visible, clear, evident'. The verb form means 'to make visible or clear'.

G4613, G0846

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Pronoun

Sounds like: SEE-mone-OW-toyce

Translations: Simon to them, Simon for them

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the proper noun 'ΣΙΜΩΝ' (Simon) and the dative plural form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos), meaning 'to them' or 'for them'. It indicates that Simon is the subject or object of an action directed towards a group of people. The word 'ΣΙΜΩΝ' refers to a person named Simon, a common name in the ancient world, most notably Simon Peter in the New Testament. The pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙΣ' specifies the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something.

Inflection: ΣΙΜΩΝ: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine. ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙΣ: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEH-in

Translations: to call, to invite, to name, to summon, to bid

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΚΑΛΕΩ'. It means 'to call' in various senses, such as to summon someone, to invite them, or to give them a name. It can also mean to proclaim or to appoint. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to call' and can be used as a noun or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (to shout, to call). It is related to Latin calare (to call out, to proclaim) and Old English hlowan (to low, to bellow).

G0846, G5143

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ow-ton-drah-MON-tone

Translations: of them having run to him, of those having run to him, of them having rushed to him, of those having rushed to him

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) meaning 'himself, itself' and the aorist active participle of 'τρέχω' (trechō) meaning 'to run'. The combined meaning refers to 'those who ran to him/it' or 'those who rushed to him/it'. It describes an action of moving quickly towards someone or something. As a genitive plural participle, it often functions adverbially or adjectivally, indicating the subject of an action in a dependent clause, or describing a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΡΑΜΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khone

Translations: ruler, a ruler, prince, chief, magistrate, official, leader

Notes: This word refers to a person in a position of authority or leadership. It can denote a ruler, a prince, a chief, or any high-ranking official or magistrate. It is used to describe someone who holds power or has a prominent role in a community or government.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule, to begin'. It refers to one who is first or who leads.

G4441

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poo-THOH-meh-nos

Translations: having learned, having inquired, having heard, having ascertained, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to learn by inquiry', 'to inquire', or 'to ascertain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is related to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'having heard' something, leading to a subsequent action. For example, 'Having learned the news, he departed.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΣ, ΜΑΘΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G3588, G3303

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Particle

Sounds like: TON-men

Translations: the, indeed, on the one hand, truly

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the definite article 'ΤΟΝ' (the) and the particle 'ΜΕΝ' (indeed, on the one hand). In Koine Greek, 'ΜΕΝ' often introduces a clause or phrase that is contrasted with a subsequent clause introduced by 'ΔΕ' (de, but/and). So, 'ΤΟΝ ΜΕΝ' would typically mean 'the one... on the one hand' or 'indeed the one...', setting up a contrast or a sequence of ideas. The word 'ΤΟΝ' is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'ὁ'. The word 'ΜΕΝ' is a particle that does not inflect.

Inflection: ΤΟΝ: Singular, Accusative, Masculine; ΜΕΝ: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ

G1210

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-non

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound thing, that which is bound

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been bound or is in a state of being bound. It can refer to a person who is imprisoned or an object that is tied up.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G4846

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: soo-nee-lee-LEEM-meh-noss

Translations: caught, arrested, conceived, taken, seized

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb συλλαμβάνω (syllambanō). It describes something that has been 'caught together,' 'arrested,' or 'seized.' It can also refer to a child being 'conceived.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who has been caught' or 'that which has been conceived.'

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΕΦΥΛΑΓΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΙΛΗΜΜΕΝΟΣ

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

G4089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pik-ROHS

Translations: bitterly, with bitterness, severely, harshly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'bitterly' or 'harshly'. It describes an action performed with bitterness, severity, or harshness. It can be used to describe how someone speaks, acts, or feels, indicating a strong, often negative, emotional intensity. The initial 'ΩΝ' in the provided text 'ΩΝΠΙΚΡΩΣ' appears to be a scribal error or a misreading, as 'πικρῶς' (pikrōs) is the standard adverbial form meaning 'bitterly'. It is highly probable that 'ΩΝΠΙΚΡΩΣ' is a misspelling of 'πικρῶς'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΩΣ, ΧΑΛΕΠΩΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G5175

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-too-RAN-nee-sen

Translations: he reigned as a tyrant, he ruled tyrannically, he exercised arbitrary power, he was a tyrant

Notes: This word describes the action of ruling as a tyrant or exercising tyrannical power. It implies a harsh, oppressive, or arbitrary form of governance, often without legitimate right or with excessive cruelty. It is used to describe someone who has seized power and rules without regard for the law or the welfare of the people.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: From the noun ΤΥΡΑΝΝΟΣ (tyrannos), meaning 'absolute ruler, tyrant'. The word 'tyrannos' itself is of pre-Greek origin, possibly from Lydian, and was originally a neutral term for a ruler before acquiring its negative connotations.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G4190, G4160

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oys eh-POY-eh-sen

Translations: to/for enemies, to/for hostile ones, he/she/it made, he/she/it did

Notes: This is a compound word formed by joining two separate words: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙΣ (polemiois) and ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ (epoiesen). ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the adjective or noun ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, meaning 'hostile' or 'enemy'. ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ is the third person singular aorist active indicative of the verb ΠΟΙΕΩ, meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. When combined, it means 'he/she/it made/did to/for the enemies' or 'he/she/it made/did to/for the hostile ones'. The lack of a space between the words suggests a possible transcription error or a very close joining in the original text.

Inflection: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙΣ: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter. ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ: Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person.

Synonyms: ἘΧΘΡΟΙΣ, ΔΡΑΣΑΣ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G5259

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-po-KHEI-ree-on

Translations: subject, under control, in hand, in one's power, subdued

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is under the control or power of another. It implies being subject to authority or being in a state of submission. It is often used to describe a person, city, or land that has been conquered or brought under dominion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΚΟΟΣ

Etymology: The word Ὑποχείριος (hypocheirios) is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'under hand', referring to being under someone's control or power.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3846

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-BAH-lon-tah

Translations: having thrown beside, having cast beside, having exposed, having risked, having compared, having offered, having presented

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραβάλλω', which is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'βάλλω' (to throw, to cast). As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It can mean to throw or cast something alongside, to compare, to expose oneself to danger, or to risk something. The specific meaning often depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ, ΣΥΓΚΡΙΝΩ

G3660, G615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OH-moh-sah-ap-EK-tei-ne

Translations: I swore to kill, I swore and killed

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the aorist active indicative first person singular of 'to swear' (ὀμνύω) and the aorist active indicative third person singular of 'to kill' (ἀποκτείνω). It appears to be a unique or highly unusual compound, likely a scribal error or a very specific, non-standard construction where two verbs are joined without proper conjunctions, implying a sequence of actions: 'I swore, he killed' or 'I swore and then he killed'. Given the context, it's more likely a conflation or a very rare form meaning 'I swore to kill' or 'I swore and killed'.

Inflection: First person singular (swore), Third person singular (killed), Aorist, Indicative, Active

G2021

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-FEH-rone

Translations: bringing upon, bringing against, inflicting, adding, carrying to, bringing forward, attacking, laying upon, imposing

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'epiphero'. It describes an action of bringing something upon or against someone or something, often with the sense of inflicting, adding, or imposing. It can also mean to bring forward or to attack. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence, indicating an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ, ἘΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3331

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-tah-bo-LEES

Translations: of change, of alteration, of transformation, a change, an alteration, a transformation

Notes: This word refers to a change, alteration, or transformation. It describes the act or result of something becoming different from what it was before. It can be used in various contexts to denote a shift, a turning point, or a complete metamorphosis.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΓΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb μεταβάλλω (metaballō), meaning 'to change, to turn about', which is itself formed from μετά (meta), meaning 'with, among, after', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G1333

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEV-ghee

Translations: escape, flee through, get away, avoid

Notes: This word means to escape or flee through, often implying a successful evasion of danger or capture. It can also mean to get away or avoid something. It is used to describe the act of escaping from a difficult situation or avoiding a negative consequence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee'. It literally means 'to flee through' or 'to flee away'.

G4189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-nee-REE-ah

Translations: wickedness, evil, malice, mischief, a wickedness, an evil, a malice, a mischief

Notes: This word refers to wickedness, evil, or malice, often implying active harm or depravity. It describes a state of moral badness or the manifestation of evil deeds. It can be used to describe the general condition of evil or specific acts of wickedness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the adjective πονηρός (ponēros), meaning 'evil' or 'bad', which itself is derived from πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil' or 'labor', suggesting that which is 'painful' or 'troublesome'.

G0772

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: as-theh-NEES

Translations: weak, feeble, sick, infirm, a weak person, a sick person

Notes: This word describes something or someone as weak, feeble, or sick. It can refer to physical weakness, illness, or a lack of strength or power in a broader sense. It can be used to describe a person's physical condition or a general state of being. When used as a noun, it refers to a weak or sick person.

Inflection: Singular, All genders, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ἈΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ, ἈΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and σθένος (sthenos, 'strength, might'). Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kay

Translations: justice, right, judgment, penalty, a justice, a right, a judgment, a penalty

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, right, or judgment. It can also denote a penalty or punishment, especially one that is deserved. It is used to describe what is morally right or legally due, often in the context of a legal process or divine retribution.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of showing or pointing out, thus referring to what is 'pointed out' as right or just.

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noh

Translations: (to) time, (in) time, a time, season, period

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific moment. It is often used to indicate when something occurs, frequently appearing with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in) to denote 'in time' or 'at a certain time'. It can also refer to a duration or an appointed time.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a duration of time, as opposed to καιρός (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune time.

G3332

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-TEH-see

Translations: to be among, to have a share in, to come after, to pursue, to follow, to be present with, to participate in

Notes: ΜΕΤΕΙΣΙ is a verb meaning 'to be among,' 'to have a share in,' 'to come after,' or 'to pursue.' It is often used to describe something that follows or comes upon someone, such as justice or punishment. It can also imply participation or presence with something or someone. It is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (with, after) and 'εἰμί' (to be) or 'εἶμι' (to go).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΩΚΩ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

G3891

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-ME-san-tas

Translations: those who acted unlawfully, those who transgressed, those who sinned, those who violated the law

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paranomeō', meaning 'to act unlawfully' or 'to transgress'. It describes individuals who have committed an illegal or immoral act, or who have violated a law or custom. It is used to refer to the people themselves who have done the transgressing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΕΩ, ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ

G5493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kheh-ROH

Translations: to master, to subdue, to overcome, to conquer, to overpower, to bring under control

Notes: This verb means to master, subdue, or overcome something or someone. It describes the act of gaining control or victory over an opponent or a challenge. It can be used in contexts of physical conquest, but also in a more general sense of prevailing over circumstances or difficulties.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', implying the act of taking something in hand or bringing it under control.

G5098, G2018

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: Tee-mo-REE-ahn Eh-pee-FEH-reh

Translations: punishment, vengeance, retribution, a punishment, a vengeance, a retribution, brings upon, inflicts, brings against, brings to bear

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the noun ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΝ (timōrian) meaning 'punishment' or 'vengeance' in the accusative case, and the verb ἘΠΙΦΕΡΕΙ (epipherei) meaning 'he/she/it brings upon' or 'inflicts'. Together, the phrase means 'he/she/it brings punishment upon' or 'inflicts punishment'. It describes the act of imposing a penalty or retribution on someone.

Inflection: ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; ἘΠΙΦΕΡΕΙ: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ἘΠΑΓΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-doh-KAY-san

Translations: they expected, they waited for, they looked for, they hoped for

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to expect', 'to wait for', 'to look for', or 'to hope for'. It describes an action of anticipating something, often with a sense of eager expectation or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and δοκάω (dokao, 'to think, to seem').

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and δοκάω (dokao, 'to think, to seem'). The combination implies looking forward or thinking towards something.

G0001, G3361

Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb

Sounds like: ah-pay-LAHKH-thai mee

Translations: to be delivered, to be set free, to be released, not, lest

Notes: This appears to be a compound word, likely a misspelling or garbling of two separate words: the perfect passive infinitive of ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō), meaning 'to be delivered' or 'to be set free,' and the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not' or 'lest.' The combination would imply 'not to be delivered' or 'lest one be delivered.' The word 'ἈΠΗΛΛΑΧΘΑΙ' refers to a state of having been delivered or released, while 'ΜΗ' negates or expresses a prohibition related to that state.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive (for ἈΠΗΛΛΑΧΘΑΙ); Does not inflect (for ΜΗ)

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΩ, ΛΥΩ, ΟΥ

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pah-rah-OO-tee-kah

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that an action happens without delay, right after something else, or without any intervening time. It emphasizes the suddenness or promptness of an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of παρά (para, 'beside, by') and αὐτίκα (autika, 'at once, immediately'). The combination emphasizes the sense of immediate proximity in time.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G1706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-PEH-sohn

Translations: falling into, having fallen into, rushing upon, attacking, encountering, happening upon

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐμπίπτω' (empiptō), meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of entering into a state, place, or situation, often suddenly or forcefully. It can also imply encountering or attacking someone or something. For example, it might be used to describe someone falling into a pit, or a person rushing upon an enemy.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G1093

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: GHEE-then

Translations: from the earth, from land, from the ground

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or source from the earth, land, or ground. It is formed from the noun 'γῆ' (earth, land) with the suffix '-θεν', which denotes 'from' or 'from a place'. It describes the direction or origin of an action or state, meaning 'from the earth' or 'from the land'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (locative adverb)

Synonyms: ΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the noun γῆ (gē), meaning 'earth' or 'land', combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which is an adverbial suffix indicating origin or direction 'from'.

G0397

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-no-dos

Translations: ascent, a way up, going up, rising, return

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'ascent' or 'a way up'. It refers to the act of going up or rising, or the path or road that leads upwards. It can also refer to a return or restoration. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up', and 'ὁδός' (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ἈΝΟΔΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΟΔΟΣ is a compound of the Greek preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way', 'road', or 'journey'. It literally means 'a way up' or 'a going up'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G0243

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Adjective

Sounds like: TON-AL-lohn

Translations: of the others, of the rest, of other things, of the remaining ones

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the genitive plural definite article 'ΤΩΝ' (ton) and the genitive plural adjective 'ἈΛΛΩΝ' (allōn). It means 'of the others' or 'of the rest'. It is used to refer to a group of people or things that are distinct from a previously mentioned group, indicating possession or origin from them. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the possessions of the others'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΩΝ, ὙΠΟΛΟΙΠΩΝ

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G5319

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-ra-THEE-nai

Translations: to be detected, to be discovered, to be found out, to be caught

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive, meaning 'to be detected' or 'to be found out'. It describes the action of someone or something being caught in the act, or having their true nature or actions revealed, often implying a negative or illicit discovery. It is used in contexts where a secret or hidden activity is brought to light.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΩΡΑΩ (phōraō) is derived from φώρ (phōr), meaning 'a thief' or 'a hidden thing'. It originally referred to the act of catching a thief or discovering something hidden, and later broadened to mean 'to detect' or 'to find out'.

G1877

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pan-EL-thon-tee

Translations: (to) returning, (to) having returned, (to) coming back, (to) going back

Notes: This word is a dative singular masculine or neuter participle of the verb 'ἐπανέρχομαι' (epanérchomai), meaning 'to return' or 'to come back'. As a dative participle, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated as 'to the one who returns' or 'to him who returned'. It describes someone or something in the act of returning or having returned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπανέρχομαι (epanérchomai) is a compound verb formed from three parts: ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to'), ἀνά (ana, 'up, again'), and ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go'). Together, these prefixes intensify and specify the action of 'coming' or 'going', leading to the meaning 'to come back upon' or 'to return'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EEKH-thay

Translations: was brought near, was led to, was presented, was brought, was led

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive form of the verb προσάγω (prosago). It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning "to" or "towards," and ἄγω (ago), meaning "to lead" or "to bring." Therefore, it means "was brought near," "was led to," or "was presented." It describes an action where someone or something was brought or led to a particular place or person, often with the implication of being presented or introduced.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΙΣΑΓΩ

Etymology: The verb προσάγω (prosago) is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning "to lead, bring." The combination signifies the action of leading or bringing something or someone towards a specific point or person.

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-nos

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound one, a prisoner

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been bound or tied. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'bound' or 'tied', or substantively, referring to 'one who is bound' or 'a prisoner'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-non

Translations: and that one, and him, also that one, also him, even that one, even him

Notes: This word is a contraction (a crasis) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνον' (ekeinon). It means 'and that one' or 'and him', or 'also that one'/'also him', or 'even that one'/'even him', depending on the context. It is used to connect a previous statement or person with 'that one' or 'him'.

Inflection: Contraction of 'καὶ' and 'ἐκεῖνον' (Accusative, Singular, Masculine, Demonstrative Pronoun)

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, in, to, for, among, toward, with, on, at, a

Notes: This word is a preposition that generally indicates motion into or toward something, or a destination. It can also denote purpose, result, or a relationship of inclusion. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying 'into' when used with verbs of motion, or 'for' when indicating purpose. It always takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the root *en, meaning 'in'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LEIN

Translations: to complete, to finish, to perform, to accomplish, to carry out, to execute, to bring to an end

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ. It means to bring something to completion, to finish a task, or to perform an action. It implies carrying out a duty or fulfilling a purpose, often with the sense of bringing it to a successful conclusion. It can be used in contexts where one is commanded or expected to perform certain actions or duties.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleo), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. Thus, it literally means 'to finish upon' or 'to bring to completion'.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G3903

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-es-keh-YOO-ah-zeh-toh

Translations: was being prepared, was preparing himself, was preparing itself

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'παρασκευάζω' (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to get ready'. In this form, it indicates an action that was ongoing in the past, specifically that someone or something was in the process of being prepared, or was preparing themselves/itself. It is often used to describe preparations for a journey, battle, or any significant event.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G5442