Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / First Apology of Justin Martyr / Chapter 21First Apology of Justin Martyr, Chapter 21
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PRO-ton
Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place
Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.
G1081
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gen-NEE-mah
Translations: offspring, a brood, brood, fruit, a fruit, produce, a produce
Notes: This word refers to something that is produced or born. It can denote literal offspring or descendants, or metaphorically, the 'fruit' or 'produce' of the earth, such as crops or harvest. It can also refer to the result or outcome of an action or state, like the 'brood' of vipers in a metaphorical sense.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΕΚΓΟΝΟΝ, ΤΕΚΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ (gennēma) is derived from the verb ΓΕΝΝΑΩ (gennaō), meaning 'to beget, to give birth, to produce'. It is related to the concept of generation and origin.
G5104, G3588
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Part of Speech: Particle, Definite Article
Sounds like: TOY
Translations: indeed, surely, then, for them, to them, to the, for the
Notes: ΤΟΙ can function as an enclitic particle, adding emphasis or indicating a consequence, often translated as 'indeed,' 'surely,' or 'then.' It can also be the dative masculine or neuter plural form of the definite article 'the,' meaning 'to the' or 'for the,' or referring to 'them' when used as a pronoun. Its meaning depends heavily on context.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (as a definite article)
Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ, ΟΙ
Etymology: The particle ΤΟΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun. The definite article ΤΟΙ (dative plural) derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to demonstrative pronouns.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0427
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ah-NEH-oo
Translations: without, apart from, besides
Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is used to indicate the absence of something or someone, or to denote separation. It typically takes the genitive case, indicating that something is done or exists in the absence of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ, ΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'without' or 'not', combined with the adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good'.
G1900
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-MIX-ee-as
Translations: of mixing, of association, of intercourse, of communication, of mingling
Notes: This word refers to the act of mixing, mingling, or associating with others. It can denote social interaction, communication, or even physical intercourse. It is used to describe the coming together or blending of different elements or people.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑ, ΜΙΞΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the noun ΜΙΞΙΣ (mixis), meaning 'a mixing' or 'mingling'. It describes the act of mixing or associating with something or someone.
G5335
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FAS-kane
Translations: to say, to affirm, to assert, to claim, to declare
Notes: This word means to say, affirm, or assert something. It is used to express a strong declaration or claim, often in a formal or emphatic manner. It can be used in contexts where one is stating a belief, a fact, or an opinion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: From an intensive form of the root of φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It implies a strong or repeated assertion.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-GEN-nees-thai
Translations: to have been born, to have been begotten, to have been produced
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'gennaō', meaning 'to beget' or 'to give birth'. It describes the state of having been born or brought into existence. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past that has ongoing relevance, often referring to one's origin or spiritual birth.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRIS-ton
Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, signifying his role as the promised deliverer. It is often used with the definite article 'the' (the Christ) or as a proper name (Christ). As an accusative form, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G1320
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-DAS-kah-lon
Translations: teacher, a teacher, master, a master
Notes: This word refers to a teacher, instructor, or master. It is used to denote someone who imparts knowledge, provides guidance, or holds a position of authority in teaching. It can be used in various contexts, from a general instructor to a religious or philosophical leader.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΡΑΒΒΙ, ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stow-roh-THEN-tah
Translations: crucified, having been crucified, to be crucified
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to crucify'. It describes someone or something that has undergone the act of being crucified. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject was the recipient of the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
G0599
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-poh-thah-NON-tah
Translations: having died, dead, one who died, a dead one
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to die'. It describes someone or something that has already undergone the action of dying, functioning like an adjective or a noun. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'having died' or simply 'dead'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΑ, ΝΕΚΡΟΝ
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-nah-STAN-tah
Translations: having stood up, having risen, having arisen, having raised, having been raised
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anistēmi', meaning 'to stand up' or 'to rise'. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past, performed by the subject. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of another action. For example, it could describe someone who has stood up and then done something else, or someone who has risen from the dead.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-el-ay-LOO-theh-nai
Translations: to have gone up, to have ascended, to have come up
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes an action of going upwards that has been completed and whose results are still present. It is often used in contexts of physical ascent, such as going up a mountain, or metaphorical ascent, such as ascending to heaven.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-noos
Translations: being called, said, named, so-called, those being called, those said, those named, the so-called ones
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something as 'being called', 'being said', or 'being named'. It often refers to people or things that are commonly known by a certain name or description, hence 'so-called'. It is used to introduce a descriptive phrase about a noun.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine Gender, Plural Number
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Hwee-OOS
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to children or descendants. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the 'sons' are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2203
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: DEE-ee
Translations: (to) Zeus, (to) Jupiter
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Zeus', referring to the chief god in the Greek pantheon. It indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to Zeus' or 'for Zeus'. In some contexts, it can also refer to the Roman equivalent, Jupiter.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΖΕΥΣ (Zeus) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'sky' or 'day'. It is related to the Latin 'Iuppiter' (Jupiter) and Sanskrit 'Dyaus Pita'.
G2537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KAI-non
Translations: new, fresh, a new, a fresh
Notes: This word describes something that is new in quality, fresh, or unprecedented, rather than new in terms of time (which would be 'neos'). It refers to something that is superior, different, or of a new kind. It can be used to describe new creations, new covenants, or new teachings.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: FEH-roh-men
Translations: we carry, we bear, we bring, we lead, we endure, being carried, being borne, being brought, being led
Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to carry, bear, bring, or lead', or as a participle meaning 'being carried, borne, or brought'. As a verb, it indicates an action performed by 'we' (first person plural). As a participle, it describes something that is being moved or carried, often implying a passive action where the subject is receiving the action rather than performing it.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural (as a verb); Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular (as a participle)
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΕΡΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It is a very ancient and common verb in many Indo-European languages.
G4214
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-SOOS
Translations: how many, how great, as many as, as great as
Notes: This word is an interrogative and indefinite adjective. As an interrogative, it asks about quantity or size, meaning 'how many?' or 'how great?'. As an indefinite adjective, it refers to an unspecified quantity or size, meaning 'as many as' or 'as great as'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΣΟΣ' is derived from the interrogative pronominal stem 'πο-' (po-) combined with the suffix '-σος' (-sos), indicating quantity or measure. It is related to other interrogative and indefinite pronouns and adjectives in Greek.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G5335
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FAS-koo-see
Translations: they say, they affirm, they declare
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say,' 'to affirm,' or 'to declare.' It is used to express that a group of people are making a statement or asserting something as true. It often implies a strong declaration or a firm assertion of a belief or fact.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΥΣΙ, ΕΡΟΥΣΙ, ΦΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word φάσκω (phaskō) is derived from φημί (phēmí), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak.' It emphasizes the act of declaring or asserting.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2203
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: DEE-os
Translations: (of) Zeus, (of) Jupiter
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Zeus'. Zeus was the supreme deity in Greek mythology, the king of the gods, and ruler of Mount Olympus. In English, it is often equated with the Roman god Jupiter. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'ΔΙΟΣ' typically translates to 'of Zeus' or 'belonging to Zeus'. It can be used to describe something associated with Zeus, such as 'the temple of Zeus' or 'the day of Zeus'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Zeus' (ΖΕΥΣ) is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sky' or 'day', reflecting his role as a sky god.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G5091
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: tee-MOH-meh-noy
Translations: honored, being honored, esteemed, valued, a valued one, an honored one
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being honored' or 'honored'. It describes someone or something that is currently receiving honor or is held in high esteem. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun, or substantively as a noun itself, referring to those who are honored.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΙ, ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΙ
G4860
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soong-grah-FESS
Translations: writers, authors
Notes: This word refers to individuals who write or compose texts, such as authors or historians. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It is used to describe those who compile or record information.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΤΑΙ, ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΙ
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-IS-tas-theh
Translations: you know, you understand, you are acquainted with, you are skilled in
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It implies a deep, practical knowledge or skill, often gained through experience or learning. It can also mean 'to be acquainted with' or 'to be skilled in' something. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'you know' or 'do you not know'.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G2059
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: her-may-NEH-oo
Translations: interpret, explain, translate
Notes: This word means to interpret, explain, or translate something. It is used to describe the act of making something clear or understandable, especially when converting from one language or concept to another. For example, it can be used when someone explains the meaning of a dream or translates a foreign text.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular (or possibly other inflections depending on context, but this is the most common for this form)
Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ, ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἑρμηνεύω (hermēneuō) is derived from ἑρμηνεύς (hermēneus), meaning 'an interpreter'. This root is associated with Hermes, the Greek god of communication, messages, and interpretation.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G2059
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: er-mee-noo-tee-KON
Translations: interpretive, explanatory, hermeneutical, a hermeneutical thing
Notes: This word describes something related to interpretation or explanation. It refers to the art or science of interpreting texts, especially sacred texts. In a sentence, it would qualify a noun, indicating that the noun has to do with the process of understanding or making clear the meaning of something.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΞΗΓΗΤΙΚΟΣ, ΔΙΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΤΙΚΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0785
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: as-KLEH-pee-on
Translations: Asclepius
Notes: Asclepius is the Greek god of medicine, healing, rejuvenation, and physicians. He is often depicted with a serpent-entwined staff, which remains a symbol of medicine today. The word refers to the deity himself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G2324
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-rah-pef-TEEN
Translations: healer, a healer, physician, a physician, servant, a servant, worshiper, a worshiper
Notes: This word refers to someone who serves, heals, or worships. It can denote a physician or healer, someone who attends to the sick, or more broadly, a servant or attendant. In a religious context, it can refer to a worshiper or one who serves God. It is used to describe a person who provides care or service.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΙΑΤΡΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΣ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-non
Translations: having become, having happened, having been, having been born, that which has come into being, a thing that has happened
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to 'that which has come into being' or 'a thing that has happened'. It implies a state of being or an event that has taken place.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ
G2749
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: keh-rah-no-THEN-tah
Translations: having been struck by lightning, thunderstruck, struck by a thunderbolt
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been struck by lightning' or 'thunderstruck'. It describes someone or something that has experienced being hit by a lightning bolt. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the circumstances of an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
G1354
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: dee-OH-noo-son
Translations: Dionysus
Notes: Dionysus is the ancient Greek god of wine, winemaking, grape cultivation, fertility, ritual madness, religious ecstasy, and theatre. He is often depicted with a thyrsus (a fennel staff topped with ivy and a pine cone) and accompanied by maenads and satyrs. He is a prominent figure in Greek mythology and cults.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Greek Διόνυσος (Dionysos), of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to Zeus (Διός) and Nysa, a mythical mountain where he was raised.
G1288
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-spah-rakh-THEN-tah
Translations: torn apart, mangled, rent asunder, having been torn apart, having been mangled
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'διασπαράσσω', meaning 'to tear apart' or 'to mangle'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing how an action was performed. It indicates something that has been violently ripped or pulled into pieces.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative Plural Neuter (or Nominative/Accusative Plural Masculine/Feminine, though neuter is most common for this ending)
Synonyms: ΣΠΑΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΩ
G2265
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: heh-rah-KLEH-ah
Translations: Heracles, Hercules
Notes: This is the name of the famous mythical Greek hero, known for his incredible strength and numerous adventures. In ancient Greek literature, he is often depicted as a demigod, son of Zeus and Alcmene. The form 'ΗΡΑΚΛΕΑ' is used when Heracles is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5437
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foo-GAY
Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a refuge
Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing, escaping, or taking refuge. It describes a rapid departure from danger or an undesirable situation. It can be used in contexts where someone is running away from an enemy, seeking safety, or simply making a quick exit.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ
Etymology: From the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeug-, meaning 'to flee'.
G3449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-nohn
Translations: of toils, of labors, of pains, of sufferings, of distresses
Notes: ΠΟΝΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΠΟΝΟΣ. It refers to the state or experience of intense physical or mental effort, hardship, or suffering. It is often used to describe the difficulties or pains one endures. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relation, meaning 'of toils' or 'of pains'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ree
Translations: to fire, by fire, with fire, in fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. In its dative form, as seen here, it indicates the means, instrument, or location, often translated as 'by fire,' 'with fire,' 'in fire,' or 'to fire.' It can also simply mean 'fire' when the dative case is used to express general presence or involvement.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G3599
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DON-tah
Translations: tooth, a tooth
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'ὀδούς' (odous), meaning 'tooth'. It is used to refer to a single tooth or teeth in general, often in contexts related to biting, gnashing, or physical harm. For example, it can describe the teeth of an animal or a person.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: LAY-das
Translations: of Leda
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Λήδα (Leda), referring to the mythological queen of Sparta, mother of Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra, and of Castor and Pollux. She is famously known for her encounter with Zeus in the form of a swan.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name Λήδα (Leda) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to Lycian 'lada' meaning 'wife'.
G1359
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: dee-os-KOO-roos
Translations: Dioscuri, Castor and Pollux
Notes: This word refers to the Dioscuri, the twin sons of Zeus (or Tyndareus in some accounts) and Leda in Greek and Roman mythology. They are Castor and Pollux, who were worshipped as patron deities of sailors and travelers, believed to protect them from storms. In a sentence, it would be used to refer to these specific mythological figures.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From ΔΙΟΣ (DIOS), meaning 'of Zeus', and ΚΟΥΡΟΣ (KOUROS), meaning 'youth' or 'son'. Thus, 'sons of Zeus'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: da-NAH-ace
Translations: of Danae
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Danae, a figure in Greek mythology. She was the daughter of King Acrisius of Argos and the mother of the hero Perseus by Zeus, who visited her in the form of a shower of gold. The word is used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the son of Danae'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name Danae is of Ancient Greek origin, referring to the mythological princess. Its precise etymology beyond this is uncertain.
G4066
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: per-SEH-ah
Translations: Perseus
Notes: Perseus is a proper noun, referring to a specific person. In Greek mythology, Perseus was a legendary hero, son of Zeus and Danaë, famous for slaying the Gorgon Medusa. In the provided context, it refers to a king named Perseus.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Greek mythology, referring to the legendary hero Perseus.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: EHF
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.
Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: IP-poo
Translations: of a horse, of the horse, of horses, horses
Notes: This word refers to a horse. It is commonly used to denote the animal itself, often in contexts related to warfare, travel, or agriculture. It can appear in various grammatical cases depending on its function in a sentence, such as indicating possession (of a horse) or being the direct object (horses).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative, Masculine; or Plural, Accusative, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pay-GAH-soo
Translations: of Pegasus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun "Pegasus". Pegasus is a mythical winged divine horse, and in ancient Greek mythology, he was sired by Poseidon, in his role as horse-god, and foaled by the Gorgon Medusa. The word refers to this specific mythological figure. As a proper noun, it refers to a unique entity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bel-leh-ro-FON-teen
Translations: Bellerophon
Notes: This is the name of Bellerophon, a hero of Greek mythology. He is famous for taming the winged horse Pegasus and for killing the Chimera, a monstrous fire-breathing creature. The form 'ΒΕΛΛΕΡΟΦΟΝΤΗΝ' indicates that Bellerophon is the direct object of a verb in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Bellerophon' is traditionally understood to mean 'slayer of Belleros' or 'slayer of the monster Belleros', referring to an earlier deed of the hero. Another interpretation suggests it means 'bearer of evils' or 'one who carries evil'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-go-men
Translations: we say, we speak, we tell, we mean, we call
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we say' or 'we speak'. It is used to express an action of speaking or communicating by a group of people (first person plural). It can also mean 'we tell', 'we mean', or 'we call'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-ree-AD-nayne
Translations: Ariadne
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Ariadne, a figure in Greek mythology. She was the daughter of King Minos of Crete and Pasiphaë, and is most famous for helping Theseus escape the Minotaur's labyrinth.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Ariadne is of Greek origin, possibly meaning "most holy" or "most pure". It is associated with ancient Minoan culture.
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEH
Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves
Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.
G2747
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tays-teh-RIS-thigh
Translations: to be placed among the stars, to be made into a constellation, to be fixed as a star
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive of the verb καταστερίζω (katasterizo), meaning 'to place among the stars' or 'to make into a constellation'. It describes the act of being transformed into a star or a group of stars, often in a mythological context where heroes or figures are immortalized in the heavens. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, expressing the action without specifying a subject or tense, often used after verbs like 'to wish' or 'to be able'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poth-NEES-kon-tas
Translations: dying, to be dying, to die, to be dead
Notes: This word describes the act of dying or being in a state of death. It is often used to refer to physical death, but can also be used metaphorically for spiritual death or the cessation of something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνήσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'.
Inflection: Present Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ
G846
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ow-toh-KRAH-toh-ras
Translations: emperors, sovereigns, absolute rulers
Notes: This word refers to a supreme ruler, often an emperor or a sovereign with absolute power. It is used to describe someone who holds ultimate authority and command.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G0104
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-EH-ee
Translations: always, ever, continually, at all times
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'always' or 'ever'. It indicates something that happens without interruption, continuously, or at all times. It can be used to describe an action or state that is perpetual or ongoing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΤΕ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἈΕΙ' comes from an ancient root meaning 'ever' or 'always'. It is related to words indicating duration or perpetuity.
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pah-thah-nah-TEE-zeh-sthai
Translations: to be made immortal, to be immortalized
Notes: This word is a verb in the present passive infinitive form. It means 'to be made immortal' or 'to be immortalized'. It describes the process of someone or something becoming immortal, often implying a divine or supernatural act that grants eternal life or an enduring legacy.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tes
Translations: thinking worthy, deeming worthy, considering worthy, demanding, asking, requesting, claiming, expecting, requiring
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are deeming worthy' or 'those who are demanding'. It describes an ongoing action of considering someone or something worthy, or of making a demand or request. It can be used to describe people who are claiming something as their right, or who are asking for something because they believe they deserve it. It is often followed by an infinitive or a noun indicating what is deemed worthy or what is being demanded.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ἈΠΑΙΤΈΩ
G3660
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OM-nyoon-tah
Translations: swearing, taking an oath, those swearing, things swearing
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ὄμνυμι' (omnymi), meaning 'to swear' or 'to take an oath'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantivally, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are swearing'). The form 'ὈΜΝΥΝΤΑ' specifically indicates a plural form, which could be masculine, feminine, or neuter, depending on the case (nominative or accusative).
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΑ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΥΝΤΑ
Etymology: The verb ὄμνυμι (omnymi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃em- ('to swear'). It is related to words meaning 'to bind' or 'to confirm by oath'.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G4254
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: proh-AH-geh-teh
Translations: go before, lead forth, lead on, go on, proceed, go, lead
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.' In its imperative form, it commands someone or a group to go before, lead the way, or proceed. It can be used to instruct someone to take the lead in a journey or action, or simply to move forward.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-oh-RAH-keh-nai
Translations: to have seen, to have perceived, to have looked at, to have observed
Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. As a perfect infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed and whose results are still in effect. It functions as a verbal noun, often used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity, indicating the completed action of seeing or perceiving.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ras
Translations: fires, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fires or flames. It is used to describe literal burning fires, such as those used for warmth, cooking, or destruction. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating something that is being lit, seen, or affected by fire.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: an-ER-kho-men-on
Translations: going up, ascending, coming up, a going up, an ascending, a coming up
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ἀνέρχομαι' (anerchomai), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving upwards, whether literally or figuratively. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the process of ascending.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G2618
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-KAH-en-tah
Translations: having been burned down, burned up, consumed by fire, those having been burned down
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'κατακαίω' (katakaio), meaning 'to burn down' or 'to consume by fire'. The prefix 'κατά' (kata) intensifies the action of 'καίω' (kaio), which means 'to burn'. As a participle, it describes something that has undergone the action of being burned or consumed. It is often used to describe destruction by fire, such as cities, buildings, or sacrifices.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΚΑΙΩ, ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ
G2541
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAI-sa-ra
Translations: Caesar
Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used for Roman emperors. It is a proper noun, specifically referring to the Roman ruler or emperor, often used in the context of political or governmental authority.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" (Kaisar) is a transliteration of the Latin cognomen "Caesar", which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. It was adopted into Greek to refer to the Roman emperor.
G3697
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oh-POY-eye
Translations: what sort of, what kind of, such as, whatever kind of
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'what sort of' or 'what kind of'. It is used to introduce a clause that describes the quality or nature of something previously mentioned. It can also function as an adjective, modifying a noun to specify its kind or quality. In this form, it is a feminine plural.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΠΟΙΟΣ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-KAS-too
Translations: of each, of every, of everyone, of each one
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective/pronoun 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual members of a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'of each man') or as a pronoun standing alone (e.g., 'of each one').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ (hekastos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *sek- meaning 'to cut' or 'to separate', implying 'each one separately'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-nohn
Translations: of things being said, of things being spoken, of things being told, of things being called
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb while retaining verbal qualities. In this form, it refers to 'things that are being said' or 'things that are being spoken about'. It is used to describe the subject or object of a statement or discussion.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-ee-OHN
Translations: of sons, of children, of descendants
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΥΙΟΣ' (huios), meaning 'son' or 'child'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of sons' or 'of children'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to descendants or followers, indicating a close association or lineage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G2478
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: his-toh-ROON-tai
Translations: they are recorded, they are narrated, they are recounted, they are inquired into, they are learned by inquiry
Notes: This is a verb in the present passive indicative, third person plural. It means 'they are recorded,' 'they are narrated,' or 'they are recounted.' It can also mean 'they are inquired into' or 'they are learned by inquiry,' emphasizing the process of gaining knowledge through investigation. It describes actions or facts that are being documented, told, or discovered by others.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΟΥΝΤΑΙ, ΛΕΓΟΝΤΑΙ, ΓΡΑΦΟΝΤΑΙ
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAX-ace
Translations: deeds, acts, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, deeds, or accomplishments. It is often used in a general sense to describe human activity or what someone does. It can also refer to specific events or a collection of actions, such as the 'Acts' of the Apostles.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ, ΔΡΑΣΕΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ay-DOH-tas
Translations: knowing, having known, those who know, those who have known
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'οἶδα' (oida), meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing someone or something that possesses knowledge or has come to know something. In this form, it refers to 'those who know' or 'knowing ones', often implying a state of having acquired knowledge.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The verb 'οἶδα' (oida) is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, meaning 'I know'. It is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive', which evolved into 'to know' in Greek.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: LEH-gayn
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to say' or 'the act of saying'. It can be used in various constructions where an action is expressed as a concept or purpose.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0318
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAY
Translations: necessity, compulsion, distress, trouble, need, a necessity
Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation or a difficult situation that causes hardship. It is often used to denote a pressing need or an unavoidable circumstance.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ
Etymology: From a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and ἄγκη (ankē, 'a bend, a curve'), referring to a bending or constraint. It denotes that which compels or constrains.
G4133
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: PLAYN
Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ
Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-foh-RAN
Translations: difference, a difference, distinction, a distinction, superiority, a superiority, excellence, an excellence
Notes: This word refers to a difference, distinction, or variation between things. It can also denote superiority or excellence. In a sentence, it would be used to describe how one thing differs from another, or to highlight the superior quality of something.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΟΛΗ, ΕΤΕΡΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the verb διαφέρω (diapherō), meaning 'to carry through, to differ, to excel'. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'.
G4389
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-tro-PAYN
Translations: exhortation, an exhortation, encouragement, an encouragement, urging, an urging
Notes: This word refers to an act of urging, encouraging, or exhorting someone to do something. It implies a strong appeal or a call to action. It is often used in contexts where someone is being persuaded or advised to follow a particular course.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΣΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΣΙΣ
G1639
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-pai-de-oo-oh-MEH-non
Translations: of those being educated, of those being instructed, of those being trained
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ekpaideuō', meaning 'to educate', 'to instruct', or 'to train'. As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are being educated/instructed/trained' and indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It describes a group of people in the process of receiving education or training.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-GRAHP-tai
Translations: it is written, it has been written
Notes: This word is a perfect passive verb, meaning 'it has been written' or 'it stands written'. It is frequently used in the New Testament and other ancient Greek texts to refer to scripture or established records, indicating that something is recorded and remains true or valid. It often introduces a quotation from a sacred text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΑΙ, ΓΕΓΡΑΦΘΑΙ
G3402
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mee-may-TAS
Translations: imitators, followers, a follower, an imitator
Notes: This word refers to someone who imitates or follows another, often in a moral or behavioral sense. It implies adopting the actions, character, or teachings of the one being imitated. It is commonly used to describe disciples or adherents who emulate their leader or teacher.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΟΣ, ΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thay-OHN
Translations: of God, of gods
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of God' or 'of the gods', depending on the context. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the temple of the gods' or 'the will of God'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΑΙΜΩΝ
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G2233
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hay-GOO-n-tie
Translations: they lead, they guide, they rule, they consider, they think, they account
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead', 'to guide', 'to rule', or 'to consider/think/account'. It is often used to describe someone in a position of authority or leadership, or to express a mental process of considering or believing something. The meaning can vary depending on the context, especially whether it refers to physical leadership or mental consideration.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΥΩ
G0548
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PEY-ay
Translations: may be absent, may be away, may be far off, may be gone
Notes: This word is the third person singular present active optative form of the verb 'ἀπεῖμι' (apeimi), meaning 'to be away' or 'to be absent'. It expresses a wish or a potential action, often translated with 'may' or 'might'. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'May he be absent' or 'It might be away'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Optative
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΧΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G4993
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: soh-froh-NOO-sees
Translations: of being sound-minded, of being self-controlled, of being prudent, of being temperate
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΣΩΦΡΟΝΕΩ' (sōphroneō), meaning 'to be sound-minded,' 'to be self-controlled,' or 'to be prudent.' As a participle, it describes an action or state of being, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it indicates the genitive case, often translated with 'of' or implying possession or relationship, referring to someone who is in the state of being sound-minded or self-controlled.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΗΦΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: psy-KHES
Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self
Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.
G1771
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-NOY-ah
Translations: thought, a thought, understanding, a concept, a notion, purpose, a purpose, intention, an intention
Notes: This word refers to a thought, concept, or idea that is formed in the mind. It can also denote a purpose or intention. It is used to describe the mental faculty of understanding or the product of that understanding.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in', and 'νοῦς' (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It literally means 'that which is in the mind'.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-tee
Translations: such, such a, such a kind of, of such a kind
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe the quality or nature of a noun, indicating that it is of the type or character previously mentioned or implied. It functions similarly to 'this kind of' or 'that kind of' in English, often emphasizing a particular characteristic.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nah
Translations: leader, a leader, ruler, a ruler, governor, a governor, commander, a commander, chief, a chief, prince, a prince
Notes: This word refers to a leader, ruler, or governor. It is used to describe someone in a position of authority or command, such as a provincial governor, a military commander, or a chief. It can be used in various contexts to denote someone who guides or directs others.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ
G1080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: gen-NAY-tor-ah
Translations: father, a father, begetter, parent
Notes: This word refers to one who begets or gives birth, a parent, especially a father. It is used to denote the male parent or ancestor. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΗΡ, ΤΕΚΟΝ
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