Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / First Apology of Justin Martyr / Chapter 50First Apology of Justin Martyr, Chapter 50
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos
Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G3958
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-THAYN
Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G0818
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-tee-mas-THEH-nai
Translations: to be dishonored, to be disgraced, to be treated shamefully, to be despised
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive, meaning 'to be dishonored' or 'to be treated shamefully'. It describes the state of being subjected to dishonor or contempt by others. It is often used to indicate suffering disgrace or being held in low esteem.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΤΙΜΟΩ, ἈΤΙΜΑΖΩ
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pe-MEH-nee
Translations: he endured, he persevered, he remained, he waited patiently
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under) and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (to remain, abide). It means to remain under, to bear up under, to endure, or to persevere. It describes the act of steadfastly remaining in a difficult situation or continuing in a course of action despite challenges. It is often used to convey the idea of patient endurance or steadfastness.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΦΕΡΩ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOX-ays
Translations: of glory, of honor, of praise, of splendor, of majesty, of reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, praise, or splendor. It is used to describe the inherent greatness or magnificent nature of someone or something, often God. It can also refer to a good reputation or high standing. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of glory' or 'belonging to glory'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗΣ, ΚΛΕΟΥΣ, ΕΥΦΗΜΙΑΣ
G3854
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-ge-NEE-se-tai
Translations: will come, will arrive, will be present, will appear
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, it means 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. It describes the act of someone or something arriving at a particular place or time, often with the implication of being present for a specific purpose or event.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-sah-teh
Translations: hear, listen, obey, understand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is often used as a command or exhortation, urging people to pay attention or to obey. It can also imply understanding or perceiving something through sound. In the provided examples, it is used to command a group of people to listen.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἘΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ray-MEH-nohn
Translations: of the things said, of the things spoken, of the things mentioned, of the aforesaid, of the aforementioned
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said' or 'having been spoken'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to things that have already been stated or mentioned. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of the things that have been said' or 'of the aforementioned things'. It is often used to refer back to previous statements or topics in a text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΜΕΝΩΝ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4394
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-fay-TAY-ohn
Translations: of prophecies, of a prophecy
Notes: This word refers to a divine revelation or an inspired declaration of God's will, often concerning future events. It is used to describe the act of prophesying or the message itself that is delivered by a prophet. In the provided context, it refers to multiple such declarations.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΜΟΣ, ΛΟΓΙΟΝ
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)
Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity
Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EH-doh-kahn
Translations: they delivered, they handed over, they betrayed, they committed, they entrusted
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. It describes the action of giving something or someone into the power or care of another. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, or betraying someone to an enemy.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THA-na-ton
Translations: death, a death
Notes: This word refers to death, the cessation of life. It is often used in a literal sense to describe physical death, but can also be used metaphorically to describe spiritual death or destruction. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or the subject of a clause, indicating the concept of death.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ, ΑΠΟΒΙΩΣΙΣ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PSY-khen
Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0459
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-NO-mohn
Translations: of lawless ones, of wicked ones, of unrighteous ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, disobedient to law, or wicked. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and νόμος (nomos, meaning 'law'). It is used to refer to individuals who disregard divine or human law, often implying a state of moral depravity or unrighteousness.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΣΕΒΩΝ, ἈΔΙΚΩΝ, ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not, without') and νόμος (nomos, 'law'). It literally means 'without law' or 'lawless'.
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-loh-gih-STHEE
Translations: was reckoned, was accounted, was considered, was imputed, was thought, was esteemed
Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon', 'to account', 'to consider', or 'to impute'. In this passive form, it indicates that something or someone was reckoned, accounted, or considered to be something. It describes an action completed in the past where the subject was the recipient of the reckoning or consideration.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΗΓΗΘΗ, ΝΟΜΙΣΘΗ, ΚΡΙΘΗ
Etymology: The word 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai) is derived from 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'account'. It originally referred to the act of counting or calculating, and later extended to mental processes like reasoning, considering, and evaluating.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-as
Translations: of sin, of sins, of a sin, sin, a sin
Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a transgression against divine or moral law. It can also refer to the state of sinfulness. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, often translated as 'of sin' or 'of sins'. It is commonly used in theological contexts to describe moral failings.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOHN
Translations: of many, of much
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, translating to 'of many' or 'of much' depending on the context.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-LAY-fay
Translations: has taken, has received, has gotten, has seized
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It can be used to say 'he has taken', 'she has received', or 'it has gotten'.
Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ
Etymology: The verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0459
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-NO-moys
Translations: lawless, unrighteous, wicked, (to) lawless ones, (to) unrighteous ones, (to) wicked ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, disobedient to law, or unrighteous. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., "lawless men"), or as a substantive noun, referring to "lawless ones" or "wicked people." It implies a state of being outside the bounds of what is considered lawful or morally right.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ἈΣΕΒΗΣ, ἈΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΝΟΜΟΣ is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning "without" or "not," and νόμος (nomos), meaning "law." Thus, it literally means "without law."
G1849
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-ee-LA-seh-tai
Translations: will make propitiation, will atone, will reconcile, will appease
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to make propitiation, to atone, or to reconcile. It is used to describe the act of appeasing divine wrath or making amends for sin, often through a sacrifice or an act of reconciliation. It implies a turning away of anger or a restoration of favor.
Inflection: Future, Middle, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΙΛΑΣΚΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word ἐξιλάσκομαι (exilaskomai) is a compound of ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate' or 'to make atonement'. The prefix ἐκ intensifies the action of propitiation.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DEH
Translations: behold, see, look, lo
Notes: This word is an aorist imperative verb, meaning 'behold!' or 'see!'. It is used to draw attention to something, similar to saying 'look!' or 'pay attention!' in English. It can be used to introduce a new idea or to emphasize a point.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ὉΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-AY-say
Translations: will understand, will comprehend, will perceive, will know
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'will understand' or 'will comprehend'. It describes the act of grasping the meaning or significance of something, often implying a deep or insightful understanding. It is used to indicate a future action of understanding or perceiving.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΕΙ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΕΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAIS
Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave
Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G5312
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hyp-so-THEH-seh-tai
Translations: will be exalted, will be lifted up, will be raised high
Notes: This word means to be exalted, lifted up, or raised high. It is used to describe someone or something being elevated in status, position, or literally in height. It often implies a sense of honor, prominence, or even arrogance, depending on the context. For example, a person's heart might be exalted in pride, or a king might be exalted to a high position.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΕΠΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΥΨΟΩ (hypsóō) comes from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It refers to the act of making something high or elevating it.
G1392
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dox-as-thee-SEH-tai
Translations: will be glorified, will be honored, will be esteemed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'will be glorified' or 'will be honored'. It describes an action that will be performed upon the subject, indicating that the subject will receive glory, honor, or high esteem. It is often used in a religious context to describe God or someone who will be exalted.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΥΨΟΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G5158
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRO-pon
Translations: way, manner, a way, a manner, custom, a custom, fashion, a fashion
Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom in which something is done. It describes the method or style of an action or event. For example, it can be used to say 'in this way' or 'after the manner of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ
G1839
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-STAY-son-tai
Translations: they will be amazed, they will be astonished, they will be astounded, they will be beside themselves, they will be out of their minds, they will be displaced, they will be removed
Notes: This word describes a state of being amazed, astonished, or astounded, often to the point of being 'beside oneself' or 'out of one's mind' due to overwhelming emotion or surprise. It can also refer to being displaced or removed from a position. In the provided context, it conveys a sense of awe or fear leading to a state of being overwhelmed.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G0794
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-dox-AY-see
Translations: will be dishonored, will be disgraced, will be without glory
Notes: This word is a verb in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen. It means to be dishonored, to be disgraced, or to be without glory. It describes a state of lacking honor or respect, or of being brought into disrepute. For example, one might say 'he will be dishonored' or 'it will be disgraced'.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΤΙΜΑΖΩ, ἈΤΙΜΟΩ
Etymology: The word ἀδοξέω (adoxeō) is derived from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and δόξα (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'honor'. Thus, it literally means 'to be without glory' or 'to lack honor'.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1491
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EYE-doss
Translations: form, a form, appearance, a sight, kind, a kind, shape, a shape
Notes: This word refers to the outward appearance or visible form of something. It can also denote a specific kind or species. It is used to describe what something looks like or its general nature.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΡΦΗ, ΣΧΗΜΑ, ΟΨΙΣ
Etymology: From the root of G1492 (εἴδω), meaning 'to see'. The word originally referred to that which is seen, hence 'form' or 'appearance'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOK-sah
Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty
Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.
G2296
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thav-MAH-son-tai
Translations: they will wonder, they will marvel, they will be amazed
Notes: This word means to wonder, marvel, or be amazed. It describes a strong emotional reaction to something surprising, impressive, or extraordinary. It is often used to express astonishment or admiration, and can be followed by a preposition indicating the object of wonder.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΜΒΕΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ comes from the Greek word θαῦμα (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel, a spectacle'.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nay
Translations: nations, peoples, Gentiles
Notes: This word refers to groups of people, tribes, or nations. In a biblical context, especially in the New Testament, it often refers to non-Israelite peoples, commonly translated as 'Gentiles'. It can be used generally to mean any group of people.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΙ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G4912
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EX-oo-see
Translations: they will shut, they will hold, they will hold their peace, they will restrain
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hold together, to shut, to restrain'. It is often used in the context of holding one's peace or shutting one's mouth in astonishment or reverence. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἔχω' (to have, to hold).
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΙΓΑΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAYS
Translations: kings
Notes: This word refers to 'kings' or 'rulers'. It is the plural form of the noun 'king' (βασιλεύς). It is used to denote multiple monarchs or sovereign leaders.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G4750
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STOH-mah
Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance
Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ai-TON
Translations: asking, demanding, begging, requesting, one who asks, one who demands
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to demand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'asking' or 'demanding', or as 'one who asks/demands' when used substantively.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The verb αἰτέω (aiteō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to seek' or 'to desire'.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0312
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-ay-GEL-lay
Translations: was announced, was reported, was declared, was told
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb ἀναγγέλλω (anagellō). It means that something was announced, reported, or declared by someone. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ἘΚΗΡΥΧΘΗ, ἘΦΑΝΕΡΩΘΗ, ἘΛΑΛΗΘΗ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: op-SON-tai
Translations: they will see, they shall see, they will look, they shall look
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future, indicating that a group of people (they) will perform the act of seeing or perceiving something. It can be used in various contexts where observation or understanding is implied.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of primary verb, probably akin to the root of G1492 (εἴδω, eido), meaning 'to see'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KAY-koh-ah-see
Translations: they have heard, they heard
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'they have heard' or 'they heard'. It is the perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), which means 'to hear' or 'to listen'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, so 'they have heard' implies that the act of hearing is finished and its effects are still present. It is used to describe an action performed by a group of people.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the sense of hearing. It is an ancient Greek verb that has been in continuous use.
G4920
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ay-SOO-see
Translations: they will understand, they will comprehend, they will perceive, they will grasp
Notes: This word means to understand, comprehend, or perceive. It refers to the act of grasping the meaning or significance of something, often implying a deep or insightful understanding. It is used to describe someone who will gain insight or knowledge.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΜΑΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΝΟΗΣΟΥΣΙ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-eh
Translations: Lord, O Lord, Master, Sir
Notes: This word is the vocative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), meaning 'Lord,' 'Master,' or 'Sir.' It is used for direct address, similar to saying 'O Lord' or 'My Lord' in English. It is commonly used when speaking directly to God, a respected authority figure, or a master.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-seh
Translations: he believed, she believed, it believed, he trusted, she trusted, it trusted
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It is used to describe an action of placing faith or confidence in someone or something. For example, 'he believed them' or 'she trusted in God'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G0189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-KO-ay
Translations: hearing, a hearing, report, a report, fame, a fame, rumor, a rumor, (of) hearing, (to) hearing
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of hearing, the act of hearing, or what is heard, such as a report, rumor, or news. It can also refer to the message or teaching that is heard. For example, one might speak of 'the hearing of faith' or 'a report of what happened'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΜΑ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear'.
G1023
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bra-KHEE-ohn
Translations: arm, a arm, strength, power
Notes: This word refers to the physical arm, from the shoulder to the hand. Metaphorically, it can also represent strength, power, or might, especially when referring to the 'arm of the Lord' in a biblical context, signifying divine power or intervention.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'brachion' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'short'. It is related to words referring to the upper arm or the forearm.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G0601
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-kah-LOOF-thay
Translations: was revealed, was disclosed, was uncovered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be revealed' or 'to be disclosed'. It describes an action where something previously hidden or unknown is made known, often by a divine or supernatural power. It is used when a truth, a mystery, or a person is brought to light.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ
G0312
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-AYNG-gei-lah-men
Translations: we announced, we reported, we declared, we proclaimed, we told
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'). It means to bring back a message, to announce, report, declare, or proclaim. It is used to describe the act of conveying information or news to others.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ἈΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G3813
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DEE-on
Translations: child, a child, infant, an infant, little child, a little child
Notes: This word refers to a young child or an infant. It is a diminutive form of the word 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child' or 'servant', emphasizing the smallness or tenderness of the child. It can be used generally to refer to any young person, often implying innocence or youth.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΒΡΕΦΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'παιδίον' (paidíon), a diminutive of 'παῖς' (paîs, “child, boy, servant”).
G4491
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RI-zah
Translations: root, a root, source, origin, descendant
Notes: This word refers to the part of a plant that grows underground and absorbs nutrients, or metaphorically, the source or origin of something. It can also refer to a descendant or offspring, as a 'root' from which a family line grows. It is used in various contexts to denote the foundation or beginning of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΗΓΗ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΡΙΖΑ' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'root'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAY
Translations: earth, land, ground, country, a land, the earth
Notes: This word refers to the physical ground, the planet Earth, or a specific territory or country. It is often used to distinguish land from the sea or sky, or to denote a particular region or nation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΑΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the earth as a flat, solid surface, distinct from the heavens or the sea.
G1372
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: dip-SOH-see
Translations: thirsty
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being thirsty' or 'thirsting'. It functions as an adjective, describing something or someone that is thirsty. It can be used to describe a person, an animal, or even land that lacks water.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine, Present Active Participle
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G1209
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DEK-sah
Translations: receive, accept, take, welcome
Notes: The word ΔΕΞΑ is an inflected form of the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive,' 'to accept,' or 'to take.' It can be used in various contexts, such as receiving a person, accepting a teaching, or taking something into one's possession. Depending on the context, it can function as an aorist imperative, commanding someone to receive, or as an aorist indicative, stating that someone received something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd person singular; or Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd person singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-doh-men
Translations: we saw, we have seen
Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. It indicates a completed action of seeing or perceiving in the past, performed by 'we'. It can be used in sentences like 'we saw the light' or 'we perceived the truth'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ
Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-khen
Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone or something possessed or held something over a period of time.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
G2570
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KAL-los
Translations: beauty, a beauty, splendor, glory
Notes: This word refers to beauty, splendor, or glory. It is often used to describe physical attractiveness or the magnificent appearance of something. It can also refer to the inherent excellence or glory of a person or thing. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the beauty of gold, the splendor of God's glory, and the beauty of Jerusalem.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ derives from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful, good'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G0820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-TEE-mon
Translations: dishonorable, unhonored, despised, without honor, ignoble
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is without honor, despised, or held in low esteem. It can refer to a person who is dishonored or a thing that is considered ignoble or of no value. It is used to indicate a state of disgrace or lack of respect.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΔΟΞΟΣ, ἈΝΑΞΙΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΤΕΛΗΣ
Etymology: From Greek ἀ- (a-), a negative prefix, and τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'value'. Thus, it literally means 'without honor'.
G1578
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-LEH-pon
Translations: failing, ceasing, dying, fainting, being eclipsed, to fail, to cease, to die, to faint, to be eclipsed
Notes: This word describes something that is failing, ceasing to exist, or coming to an end. It can refer to a physical decline, like fainting or dying, or to a light source, like the sun or moon, being eclipsed. It is often used to describe a process of diminishing or disappearing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΛΗΓΩ, ΠΑΥΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐκ (ek, "out of") and λείπω (leipō, "to leave, to abandon"). Thus, literally "to leave out" or "to leave off", leading to the sense of failing or ceasing.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-poos
Translations: men, people, human beings, humans
Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is often used to distinguish humans from God or from animals. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object, indicating the recipients of an action or the subjects being discussed.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΥΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
G4127
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: play-GAY
Translations: blow, stroke, wound, plague, a plague
Notes: This word refers to a physical blow or stroke, often implying a forceful impact. It can also denote the resulting wound or injury from such a blow. In a broader sense, it can refer to a calamity or disaster, particularly a divinely sent affliction or plague.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΑΥΜΑ, ΜΑΣΤΙΞ, ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ay-DOHS
Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEH-rine
Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΦΕΡΩ. It means "to bear," "to carry," or "to bring." It can also imply enduring something or producing fruit/results. It is used to express an action without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning like an English infinitive phrase.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to bear'. It is cognate with Latin ferō, English bear, and Sanskrit bharati.
G3119
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mah-lah-KEE-an
Translations: sickness, a sickness, disease, a disease, infirmity, an infirmity, weakness, a weakness
Notes: This word refers to a state of physical weakness, sickness, or disease. It can describe a general condition of ill health or a specific ailment. It is often used in contexts describing physical suffering or the absence of health.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the adjective μαλακός (malakos), meaning 'soft' or 'weak'. The noun form denotes the state or quality of being soft or weak, hence 'weakness' or 'sickness'.
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pes-TRAP-tai
Translations: has been turned away, is turned away, has been averted, is averted, has been turned back, is turned back
Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb ἀποστρέφω (apostrephō). It means that something 'has been turned away' or 'is averted' by an external agent. It describes a state resulting from a past action, indicating that the turning away or averting is complete and its effect continues.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΤΡΕΠΩ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."
G0818
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-tee-MAS-thay
Translations: was dishonored, was disgraced, was treated with contempt, was put to shame
Notes: This word means to dishonor, disgrace, or treat with contempt. It is used to describe someone or something that has been subjected to a lack of respect or esteem. In this form, it indicates that the action of dishonoring happened in the past and the subject received the action (passive voice).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΤΙΜΆΩ, ἈΤΙΜΌΩ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΎΝΩ
Etymology: From G0820 (ἌΤΙΜΟΣ - atimos, 'dishonored') and G0000 (a verbal suffix). The word literally means 'to render without honor'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEH-rei
Translations: he carries, she carries, it carries, he bears, she bears, it bears, he brings, she brings, it brings, he produces, she produces, it produces, he endures, she endures, it endures
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to carry,' 'to bear,' 'to bring,' 'to produce,' or 'to endure.' It is used to describe the action of someone or something moving an object, or the act of a plant producing fruit, or a person enduring hardship. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ
G3600
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-dy-NAH-tai
Translations: he suffers, he is in pain, he is distressed, he is grieved
Notes: This word describes the state of experiencing physical or emotional pain, distress, or grief. It is used to convey suffering or affliction. For example, one might say 'he suffers greatly' or 'he is in pain'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΘΩ, ΛΥΠΕΩ, ΠΟΝΕΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-loh-gee-SAH-meh-thah
Translations: we considered, we reckoned, we accounted, we thought, we supposed
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to consider,' 'to reckon,' 'to account,' 'to think,' or 'to suppose.' It describes the act of forming a judgment or opinion, often after careful thought or calculation. It is used to express what a group of people (specifically 'we') concluded or believed about something.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3078
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: po-NOH
Translations: I toil, I labor, I suffer, I am in pain, I am distressed
Notes: This word describes the act of toiling, laboring, or working hard, often implying difficulty or hardship. It can also refer to experiencing physical or emotional pain, suffering, or distress. It is used to express the effort involved in an activity or the discomfort felt due to a condition.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ, ΜΟΧΘΕΩ
Etymology: From πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'.
G2559
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-KOH-see
Translations: will harm, will afflict, will mistreat, will do evil to, will injure
Notes: This word describes the act of causing harm, affliction, or mistreatment to someone or something. It can refer to physical injury, emotional distress, or general ill-treatment. It is often used in contexts where one person or group inflicts suffering upon another.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΩ, ΠΟΝΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ
Etymology: From ΚΑΚΟΣ (KAKOS), meaning 'bad, evil'. The verb means to make bad or to treat badly.
G5186
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TRAV-mah-tee-STHEE
Translations: he was wounded, it was wounded, he was hurt, it was hurt
Notes: This word describes the action of being wounded or injured. It is used to indicate that someone or something sustained a physical injury, often in a battle or conflict. It is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, and in the passive voice, meaning the subject received the action of being wounded.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΗ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-as
Translations: of lawlessness, of iniquity, of transgression, of wickedness, a lawlessness, an iniquity, a transgression, a wickedness
Notes: This word refers to the state of being without law, or a violation of law. It often implies moral wickedness, unrighteousness, or rebellion against divine law. It can describe a general condition of lawlessness or a specific act of transgression.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ
G3124
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-mah-LAH-kee-stai
Translations: has been weakened, has been made soft, has been made effeminate, has been made sick
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a state of having been made weak, soft, or effeminate. It can also imply being made sick or infirm. It is used to describe someone or something that has undergone a process of becoming less strong, less firm, or less masculine. In a broader sense, it can refer to a state of being debilitated or made vulnerable.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ, ΑΡΡΩΣΤΕΩ
G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DEI-ah
Translations: discipline, instruction, training, education, correction, chastening, a discipline, an instruction
Notes: This word refers to the process of training, educating, or disciplining someone, often with the aim of moral or intellectual improvement. It can encompass both positive instruction and corrective punishment, much like the English word 'discipline'. It is used to describe the upbringing and guidance of children, as well as the spiritual training or correction from God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'παιδεύω' (paideuō), meaning 'to train, to educate', which in turn comes from 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child'. The word thus relates to the upbringing and instruction of children.
G1515
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ei-RAY-nays
Translations: of peace, of a peace
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'eirene', meaning 'peace'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English. For example, 'the God of peace' or 'a time of peace'. It refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, or absence of conflict.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἩΣΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3468
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: moh-LOH-pee
Translations: (to) bruise, (to) wound, (to) stripe, (to) weal
Notes: This word refers to a bruise, a wound, or a stripe left by a blow. It describes the mark or discoloration on the skin resulting from an injury. In the provided context, it appears in the dative case, indicating 'to/for a bruise' or 'by a bruise'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΗ, ΤΡΑΥΜΑ
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-TOU
Translations: ask, beg, request, demand
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteō), which means 'to ask', 'to beg', 'to request', or 'to demand'. It can be used in various contexts where someone is seeking something from another, whether it's a favor, an object, or information. The specific nuance often depends on the context and the object of the asking.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Imperative Mood, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ἈΞΙΟΩ
G2390
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ah-THEH-men
Translations: we were healed, we were cured
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to heal' or 'to cure'. In this form, it indicates that 'we' (the first-person plural subject) were the ones who received the healing or cure. It is used to describe the passive action of being restored to health.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ, ΣΩΖΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G4263
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-BAH-tah
Translations: sheep
Notes: This word refers to sheep, which are common domesticated animals. In biblical contexts, sheep are often used metaphorically to represent people, especially followers or those under the care of a shepherd.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From the verb προβαίνω (probainō, 'to go forward'), referring to animals that walk forward, especially livestock. It literally means 'that which walks forward'.
G4105
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-lah-nee-THEE-men
Translations: we were led astray, we went astray, we were deceived, we erred, we wandered
Notes: This word describes the action of being led astray, wandering, or erring. It implies a deviation from a correct path, truth, or proper behavior, often suggesting a state of being deceived or misled. It is used to indicate that a group of people (we) have gone off course or made a mistake.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΗΤΗΣ
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-DOH
Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail
Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
G4105
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-lah-NEE-thay
Translations: he was led astray, he was deceived, he erred, he wandered
Notes: This word describes someone being led astray, deceived, or wandering, often in a moral or spiritual sense. It implies a deviation from truth or a correct path, either through error or intentional deception. It is a compound word, but the root is ΠΛΑΝΑΩ.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΩ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-ken
Translations: handed over, delivered, gave up, betrayed, committed, entrusted
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It generally means to hand something over to someone, to deliver, or to give up. Depending on the context, it can also mean to betray someone, to commit something to someone's care, or to entrust. It is often used in the sense of delivering someone into custody or handing over a tradition.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2559
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: keh-kah-KOS-thai
Translations: to have been ill-treated, to have been afflicted, to have been harmed, to have been oppressed
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive of the verb 'κακόω' (kakoo). It describes the state of having been subjected to ill-treatment, affliction, or harm. It is used to indicate a completed action where the subject has suffered or been oppressed.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΑΘΕΙΝ, ΘΛΙΒΕΣΘΑΙ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: The verb 'κακόω' (kakoo) is derived from the adjective 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It signifies to make bad, harm, or treat badly.
G0455
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NOY-ghee
Translations: opens, he opens, she opens, it opens
Notes: This word means 'to open' and is used to describe the action of making something accessible or revealing something. It can refer to opening a door, a book, or even one's mouth. It is often used in the sense of beginning or initiating something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΟΙΓΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, intensive prefix) and οἴγνυμι (oígnymi, to open).
G4263
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-BAH-ton
Translations: sheep, a sheep
Notes: This word refers to a sheep, a common domesticated animal. In ancient contexts, sheep were vital for food, wool, and sacrifice. The word is often used literally, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to people, particularly in religious texts, symbolizing followers or a flock.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word προβατον (probáton) comes from the Greek verb προβαίνω (probaínō), meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It originally referred to any four-footed animal that walks forward, but eventually became specifically associated with sheep.
G4967
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SPHAH-gayn
Translations: slaughter, a slaughter, killing, a killing, sacrifice, a sacrifice
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the Greek noun ΣΦΑΓΗ. It refers to the act of slaughter, killing, or sacrifice, often implying a violent or ritualistic death. It is used when the noun is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb σφάζω (sphazō), meaning 'to slay, slaughter, butcher'.
G0071
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEKH-thay
Translations: was led, was brought, was carried out, was celebrated
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ἄγω' (agō). It means 'was led' or 'was brought'. In a broader sense, it can also mean 'was carried out' or 'was celebrated', especially when referring to events or festivals. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received the action rather than performing it.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ
G0286
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AM-nos
Translations: lamb, a lamb
Notes: This word refers to a young sheep, specifically a lamb. It is often used metaphorically in religious contexts to symbolize innocence, sacrifice, or a gentle nature. For example, it can refer to Jesus Christ as the 'Lamb of God' who takes away the sins of the world.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek or Semitic origin.
G1727
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on
Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, in the presence of, before, against, an opposite thing
Notes: This word can function as an adjective, an adverb, or a preposition. As an adjective, it describes something as being opposite or contrary. As an adverb, it means 'opposite' or 'over against'. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case and means 'in the presence of', 'before', or 'against'. It denotes a position or action in opposition to or in front of something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and ἈΝΤΙΟΣ (opposite, facing).
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2751
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: KAY-ron-tos
Translations: (of) shearing, (of) cutting, (of) shaving
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κείρω' (keirō), meaning 'to shear' or 'to cut'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In this form, it refers to 'the one who is shearing' or 'the act of shearing'. It is often used in contexts related to cutting hair or wool from animals.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΕΙΡΩ, ΞΥΡΕΩ
G880
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-foh-nos
Translations: speechless, mute, dumb, without sound, voiceless
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without a voice or unable to speak. It can refer to a person who is mute or dumb, or to an animal that does not make a sound. It can also describe something that is silent or voiceless, such as an idol. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'φωνή' (phōnē) meaning 'voice' or 'sound'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΩΦΟΣ, ΣΙΓΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἈΦΩΝΟΣ is derived from the Ancient Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and φωνή (phōnē), meaning 'voice' or 'sound'. It literally means 'without voice'.
G5014
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-pee-NOH-say
Translations: humiliation, abasement, low estate, lowliness, humility, a humiliation, an abasement
Notes: This word refers to a state of being brought low, whether through circumstances (humiliation, abasement, low estate) or by choice (lowliness, humility). It can describe a condition of being humbled or the act of humbling oneself. It is often used in contexts relating to a humble state or a period of affliction.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΠΤΩΧΕΙΑ
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-sees
Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, condemnation, a condemnation, justice, a justice, dispute, a dispute
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also mean condemnation or the process of a legal dispute. It is often used in contexts of divine judgment or legal proceedings.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, separate'. It refers to the act or result of judging.
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-THEE
Translations: it was lifted, it was taken away, it was carried, it was raised
Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb was the recipient of the action. It means 'to be lifted,' 'to be taken up,' 'to be carried,' or 'to be removed.' For example, 'the burden was lifted' or 'he was taken away.'
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΗΦΘΗ, ΥΨΩΘΗ, ΑΠΗΡΘΗ
Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift, to raise, to take up.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-n
Translations: wine, a wine, of wine, to wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, the fermented juice of grapes. It is a common beverage mentioned throughout ancient texts, often in contexts of meals, celebrations, or religious rituals. It can also be used metaphorically. The form ΟἸΝ is an inflected form of the noun ΟἸΝΟΣ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative, Masculine
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stah-vroh-THEE-nai
Translations: to be crucified, to be impaled
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'to crucify'. It describes the action of being put to death on a cross or stake. It is often used in the context of Jesus' crucifixion.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
G1110
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: gno-REE-moy
Translations: known, well-known, notable, acquaintance, a notable, a well-known person
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is known, familiar, or notable. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or thing, or it can function as a noun to refer to a well-known person or an acquaintance. For example, it might be used to say 'the known facts' or 'his acquaintances arrived'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ
G0868
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pes-TAY-san
Translations: they departed, they withdrew, they stood away, they revolted, they fell away
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to stand off from', 'to depart', 'to withdraw', or 'to revolt'. It describes an action of separation or defection that occurred in the past. It can be used to describe physical departure or a spiritual or political falling away.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from") and ἵστημι (histēmi, "to stand"), literally meaning "to stand from" or "to stand off".
G0720
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ar-nee-SAH-meh-noy
Translations: having denied, having rejected, having disowned, having refused
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀρνέομαι', meaning 'to deny', 'to reject', or 'to disown'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that the subject has performed the act of denying or rejecting.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ἈΠΟΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
G5306
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron
Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later
Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial
Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3498
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: NEK-ron
Translations: of the dead, of dead ones
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-nah-STAN-tos
Translations: of having risen, of having stood up, of having been raised, of rising, of standing up, of being raised
Notes: This is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'ἀνίστημι'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating 'of one who has risen' or 'of that which has risen'. It functions similarly to a noun or adjective in a sentence, often indicating possession or origin related to the act of rising.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ἘΓΕΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ὈΡΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: oph-THEN-tos
Translations: having appeared, having been seen, who appeared, who was seen, of the one who appeared, of the one who was seen
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine/neuter form of the aorist passive participle of the verb 'to see' (ὁράω). It describes someone or something that has been seen or has appeared. It often functions like a relative clause, meaning 'the one who was seen' or 'the one who appeared'. In a sentence, it would modify a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of the one who appeared'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΝΤΟΣ, ΔΕΙΧΘΕΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The verb ὁράω (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. It is related to Latin 'video' and English 'wit' or 'vision'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G4394
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-fay-TEE-aiss
Translations: prophecies, (in) prophecies
Notes: This word refers to divine revelations or inspired declarations, often foretelling future events or conveying God's will. It is used to describe the act of prophesying or the content of a prophecy itself. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to a collection of prophetic messages or a specific instance of prophecy.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΜΟΙ, ΛΟΓΙΑ
G1793
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-TY-khein
Translations: to meet, to appeal, to intercede, to entreat, to make petition, to plead
Notes: This word means to meet with someone, often with the purpose of making a request, an appeal, or to intercede on behalf of another. It can also mean to entreat or plead with someone. It implies a direct encounter or communication.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: AISS
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. In Koine Greek, 'ΑΙΣ' does not appear as a standalone word with a clear meaning. It might be a fragment of a larger word, a typo, or an abbreviation. Without further context or correction, its meaning remains unknown.
Inflection: Unknown
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4300
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EI-ray-toh
Translations: it had been said before, it was foretold, it was prophesied
Notes: This is a verb in the third person singular, perfect passive indicative. It means 'it had been said before' or 'it was foretold'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose result continues into the past, often referring to prophecies or previous statements. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say'.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΦΗΤΕΥΘΗ, ΠΡΟΕΛΑΛΗΘΗ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-nee-SOH-meh-nah
Translations: things that will come to pass, things that will happen, future events
Notes: This word is a future participle, meaning "things that are about to happen" or "things that will come into existence." It describes events or circumstances that are yet to occur. It is often used to refer to future prophecies or developments.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Future, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΑ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΑ
G1321
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-DAX-an-tos
Translations: (of) teaching, (of) instructing, (of) having taught, (of) having instructed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to teach' or 'to instruct'. It describes someone who has performed the action of teaching or instructing. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or a relationship, functioning similarly to 'of one who taught' or 'belonging to the one who instructed'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΗΧΕΩ
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: an-ER-kho-men-on
Translations: going up, ascending, coming up, a going up, an ascending, a coming up
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ἀνέρχομαι' (anerchomai), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving upwards, whether literally or figuratively. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the process of ascending.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DON-tes
Translations: seeing, having seen, when they saw, as they saw
Notes: This is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'seeing' in a completed sense. It describes an action that occurred prior to or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can often be translated as a temporal clause (e.g., 'when they saw').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pis-TEV-san-tes
Translations: having believed, having trusted, having put faith in
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has performed the act of believing or trusting. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or as an adverb, describing how an action was performed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-min
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. It is used to describe the capacity to perform something, whether physical, moral, or spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G1564
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY-then
Translations: from there, thence, from that place, from that time
Notes: This adverb indicates movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It is used to denote 'from that place' or 'from that time onward'. For example, one might say 'he went from there' or 'from that point, things changed'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚΕΙ, ἘΝΘΕΝ
Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (there) and the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or direction from.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ahee-TOYS
Translations: to them, for them, to these, for these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the pronoun 'autos'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'to/for them' or 'to/for these', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'to/for these very ones'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pem-FTHAY-san
Translations: sent, having been sent, a sent one, one having been sent
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempo), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics. It describes someone or something that has been sent, indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, or it can stand alone as a substantive.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: lah-BON-tes
Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GEH-nos
Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind
Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-THON-tes
Translations: having come, coming, who came, when they came
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating the state of having arrived or the act of coming. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the action of coming.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G1321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DI-dak-san
Translations: they taught, they instructed, they trained
Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past. It means 'they taught' or 'they instructed'. It describes the act of imparting knowledge or skill to others, often in a formal or authoritative manner. It can be used to describe teaching a subject, a skill, or even a way of life.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΗΧΕΩ
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loy
Translations: apostles, messengers, delegates
Notes: This word refers to those who are sent out with a specific commission or message, acting as representatives or delegates. In a Christian context, it most commonly refers to the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus, or to other early Christian leaders who were sent to preach the Gospel.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΙΣ
G4377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ay-go-REH-the-san
Translations: they were called, they were named, they were addressed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call by name,' 'to address,' or 'to name.' It is used to indicate that a group of people or things were given a particular name or title, or were addressed in a certain way. The form indicates that the action happened in the past and that the subjects of the verb were the ones being called or named.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ
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