Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / First Apology of Justin Martyr / Chapter 22First Apology of Justin Martyr, Chapter 22
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity. In Koine Greek, it is used as the name for this specific individual. It can appear in various cases depending on its grammatical function in a sentence, such as the subject or object.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name ΙΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua), which is a shortened form of יְהוֹשׁוּעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss
Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KOY-nos
Translations: commonly, in common, generally, universally
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in common' or 'commonly'. It describes an action or state that is shared by multiple individuals or is generally true. For example, it can indicate that something is done together or is a widespread practice.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G4678
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-fee-AN
Translations: wisdom, a wisdom
Notes: This word refers to wisdom, skill, or knowledge. It is often used in a broad sense to denote practical insight, intellectual understanding, or divine wisdom. It functions as a direct object in a sentence when in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ
G0514
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AX-ee-os
Translations: worthy, deserving, fit, suitable, a worthy one, a deserving one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being worthy, deserving, or suitable for a particular purpose, action, or reward. It can be used to express that someone is 'worthy of' something, often followed by a genitive case, or 'deserving of' a certain fate or honor. It implies a correspondence between the quality of a person or thing and what is due to them.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This adjective can inflect for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).
Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to weigh'. It is related to the idea of balance and weighing, thus leading to the concept of worth or value.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GEH-sthai
Translations: to be said, to be spoken, to be called, to be told
Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, 'λέγεσθαι' means 'to be said' or 'to be spoken'. It can also mean 'to be called' or 'to be named' in certain contexts. It is used to express an action that is being done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and functions as a verbal noun.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEH-ra
Translations: father, a father
Notes: This word refers to a father or a male parent. It is used in a general sense to denote a biological father, an ancestor, or even a spiritual father figure. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thay-OHN
Translations: of God, of gods
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of God' or 'of the gods', depending on the context. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the temple of the gods' or 'the will of God'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΑΙΜΩΝ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G4860
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soong-grah-FESS
Translations: writers, authors
Notes: This word refers to individuals who write or compose texts, such as authors or historians. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It is used to describe those who compile or record information.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΗΤΑΙ, ΛΟΓΟΓΡΑΦΟΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-LOO-sin
Translations: they call, they name, they invite
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they call' or 'they name'. It can also be used in the sense of 'they invite'. It describes an action performed by a group of people, such as calling someone by a name or inviting them to a place.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohs
Translations: privately, personally, separately, specially, particularly, by oneself
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective ἴδιος (idios), meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It indicates an action done in a private, personal, or special manner, as opposed to publicly or generally. It can also mean 'separately' or 'particularly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΤ' ἸΔΙΑΝ, ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΧΩΡΙΣ
Etymology: Derived from the adjective ἴδιος (idios), meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. The suffix -ως (-ōs) is commonly used to form adverbs from adjectives in Greek.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: koy-NAYN
Translations: common, a common, public, a public, shared, a shared
Notes: This word describes something that is common, public, or shared among multiple individuals or groups. It can refer to something that is accessible to all, or something that is held in common. For example, it might describe a common agreement, a public space, or shared resources.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
G1078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GEH-neh-sin
Translations: birth, a birth, origin, an origin, creation, a creation, generation, a generation, record of descent, a record of descent
Notes: This word refers to the act of coming into being, or the process of generation. It can also denote the origin or source of something, or a record of descent or lineage, such as a genealogy. It is used to describe the beginning of something or someone's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-GEN-nees-thai
Translations: to have been born, to have been begotten, to have been produced
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'gennaō', meaning 'to beget' or 'to give birth'. It describes the state of having been born or brought into existence. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past that has ongoing relevance, often referring to one's origin or spiritual birth.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-go-men
Translations: we say, we speak, we tell, we mean, we call
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we say' or 'we speak'. It is used to express an action of speaking or communicating by a group of people (first person plural). It can also mean 'we tell', 'we mean', or 'we call'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EF-ay-men
Translations: we have said before, we have spoken before, we have foretold
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ΠΡΟ- (PRO-, meaning 'before' or 'in front of') and the verb ΦΗΜΙ (PHĒMI, meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'). It means 'to say beforehand' or 'to speak previously'. It is used to refer to something that has already been stated or prophesied.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΙΠΟΝ
G2839
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KOY-non
Translations: common, shared, public, a common thing, the common thing, a community, the community
Notes: This word refers to something that is common, shared, or public. As an adjective, it describes something belonging to or used by all. As a neuter noun, it can refer to a common thing, a public matter, or even a community or commonwealth.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom-yos, meaning 'common, shared'. It is related to the idea of 'togetherness' or 'fellowship'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-TOH
Translations: let him be, let it be, be it, let her be
Notes: This word is the third person singular present active imperative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express a command, permission, or a wish for something to happen or for someone to be in a certain state. It can be translated as 'let him/her/it be' or simply 'be it'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2059
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: her-may-NEH-oo
Translations: interpret, explain, translate
Notes: This word means to interpret, explain, or translate something. It is used to describe the act of making something clear or understandable, especially when converting from one language or concept to another. For example, it can be used when someone explains the meaning of a dream or translates a foreign text.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular (or possibly other inflections depending on context, but this is the most common for this form)
Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ, ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἑρμηνεύω (hermēneuō) is derived from ἑρμηνεύς (hermēneus), meaning 'an interpreter'. This root is associated with Hermes, the Greek god of communication, messages, and interpretation.
G0032
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ang-gel-ti-KON
Translations: announcing, declarative, a declarative
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'announcing' or 'declarative'. It describes something that serves to announce or declare, often referring to a statement or a message that conveys information. It is derived from the verb 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΩΤΙΚΟΣ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΤΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀγγελτικός (angeltikos) is derived from the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. This verb itself comes from the noun ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GOO-sin
Translations: they say, they speak, they tell
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they say,' 'they speak,' or 'they tell.' It is used to describe the action of multiple people communicating verbally. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'they say that...' or 'they speak to them.'
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G0159
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-tee-AH-sai-toh
Translations: he might accuse, he might blame, he might find fault, he might bring a charge against
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to accuse, blame, or find fault with someone. It is often used in legal or formal contexts to describe the act of bringing a charge against another person. It can also refer to the act of assigning responsibility for something negative.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΙΑΟΜΑΙ comes from the noun ΑἸΤΙΑ (aitia), meaning 'cause' or 'reason,' which itself is derived from the verb ΑἸΤΕΩ (aiteō), 'to ask' or 'to beg.' The middle voice implies that the action is done for oneself or concerns oneself, hence 'to accuse oneself' or 'to accuse someone for one's own benefit.'
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-tow-ROH-sthai
Translations: to be crucified, to have been crucified
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'σταυρόω' (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be crucified' or 'to have been crucified', indicating a completed action in the past with ongoing results, or a state of being crucified. It describes the act of being put to death on a cross.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
G4283
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-ka-tay-rith-MAY-noyce
Translations: to those who have been previously numbered, to those who have been previously counted, to those who have been previously enrolled
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been previously numbered' or 'having been previously counted'. It describes a state of having been counted or enrolled beforehand. It is used to refer to a group of people who were designated or included in a count or list at an earlier time.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΓΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΠΡΟΩΡΙΣΜΕΝΟΙΣ
G3958
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-THOO-sin
Translations: they suffer, they endure, they experience, they undergo
Notes: This word describes the act of suffering, enduring, or experiencing something, often something difficult or unpleasant. It is used to indicate that a group of people are undergoing a particular experience or hardship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-OYSS
Translations: (to) sons, (to) children
Notes: This word refers to sons or children. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can refer to male offspring or, more broadly, to descendants or followers.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΙΣ, ΠΑΙΣΙΝ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G5104, G3588
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Part of Speech: Particle, Definite Article
Sounds like: TOY
Translations: indeed, surely, then, for them, to them, to the, for the
Notes: ΤΟΙ can function as an enclitic particle, adding emphasis or indicating a consequence, often translated as 'indeed,' 'surely,' or 'then.' It can also be the dative masculine or neuter plural form of the definite article 'the,' meaning 'to the' or 'for the,' or referring to 'them' when used as a pronoun. Its meaning depends heavily on context.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (as a definite article)
Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ, ΟΙ
Etymology: The particle ΤΟΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun. The definite article ΤΟΙ (dative plural) derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to demonstrative pronouns.
G2203
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: DEE-os
Translations: (of) Zeus, (of) Jupiter
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Zeus'. Zeus was the supreme deity in Greek mythology, the king of the gods, and ruler of Mount Olympus. In English, it is often equated with the Roman god Jupiter. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'ΔΙΟΣ' typically translates to 'of Zeus' or 'belonging to Zeus'. It can be used to describe something associated with Zeus, such as 'the temple of Zeus' or 'the day of Zeus'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Zeus' (ΖΕΥΣ) is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sky' or 'day', reflecting his role as a sky god.
G5225
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khei
Translations: to exist, to be, to be present, to belong to, to be available, to be in possession of
Notes: This verb signifies existence, being, or presence. It can also indicate possession or belonging, meaning 'to be in possession of' or 'to belong to'. It is often used to describe a state of being or a condition that already exists.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn
Translations: of those, of them, those
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-MOY-ah
Translations: like, similar, resembling, a like thing, similar things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'like', 'similar', or 'resembling'. It is used to describe something that shares characteristics with another thing, often followed by a dative case noun to indicate what it is similar to. For example, 'ΟΜΟΙΑ τῷ θεῷ' would mean 'like God'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Neuter, Plural, Nominative/Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3804
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PA-thee
Translations: sufferings, passions, affections, emotions, experiences, calamities, misfortunes
Notes: This word refers to experiences, particularly those that involve suffering, strong emotions, or desires. It can denote physical suffering, mental anguish, or strong passions and affections. In a negative sense, it can refer to evil desires or lusts, while in a more neutral or positive sense, it can refer to human emotions or experiences in general. It is often used in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΑ, ΘΛΙΨΕΙΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΙ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G1290
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-foh-RAH
Translations: difference, a difference, distinction, diversity, value, advantage, a value, an advantage, contribution, a contribution
Notes: This word refers to a difference, distinction, or diversity between things. It can also denote value, advantage, or a contribution. In some contexts, it refers to the amount or sum of something, especially in a financial sense, like a contribution or a sum of money. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and φορέω (phoreo, 'to carry, bear').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb διαφέρω (diaphero), meaning 'to carry through, to differ, to be superior'. It is formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and φορέω (phoreo, 'to carry, bear').
G2478
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: his-toh-REH-tai
Translations: it is recorded, it is related, it is told, it is reported
Notes: This verb means 'to inquire into, to learn by inquiry, to record, to relate, to tell'. In this passive form, 'ΙΣΤΟΡΕΙΤΑΙ' means 'it is recorded' or 'it is related/told'. It is used to indicate that something is known or preserved through historical accounts or tradition.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΤΑΙ, ΓΡΑΦΕΤΑΙ
Etymology: From ἵστωρ (histōr, “one who knows, an expert, a judge, a witness”), from Proto-Indo-European *wid-tor- (“knower”), from *weid- (“to see, to know”).
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-on
Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.
G3804
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-THOOS
Translations: (of) suffering, (of) passion, (of) feeling, (of) emotion, (of) experience, (of) calamity
Notes: This word refers to a state of suffering, an intense emotion, or a strong feeling. It can also denote an experience or a calamity. It is often used in contexts describing physical or emotional pain, or strong desires and affections. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or another noun that indicates possession or relation, such as 'the intensity of suffering' or 'the nature of passion'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΓΟΣ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΟΣ
G2276
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HET-toh-nah
Translations: less, a less, inferior, a worse
Notes: This word describes something as being less, inferior, or worse in quality, quantity, or importance compared to something else. It is often used in comparative contexts, indicating a lesser degree of something. For example, it might describe a 'lesser' sin or a 'worse' condition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEIN
Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pes-KHO-me-tha
Translations: we promised, we have promised
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'. It is used to indicate that a group of people (we) made a commitment or gave an assurance. It implies a future action that was agreed upon.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ
G4281
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: pro-ee-ON-tos
Translations: (of) going forward, (of) going on, (of) advancing, (of) proceeding
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine/neuter form of the present participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It describes something that is in the process of moving forward or progressing. In a sentence, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the subject of the action 'going forward' in a genitive construction, such as 'of the one going forward' or 'as it goes forward'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goo
Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing
Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
G2909
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KREIT-toh-nah
Translations: better, superior, more excellent, stronger, more advantageous
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'better' or 'superior'. It is used to compare two things, indicating that one is of higher quality, greater advantage, or stronger than the other. It can describe a person, thing, or situation that is more excellent or preferable.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ
G0000
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-so-men
Translations: we will demonstrate, we will prove, we will show, we will point out
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to demonstrate', 'to prove', 'to show', or 'to point out'. It is used to indicate that a group of people (we) will perform an action of showing or proving something in the future. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἈΠΌ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ (DEIKNYMI), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Middle/Passive Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΊΞΟΜΕΝ, ΦΑΝΟΥ͂ΜΕΝ, ἘΠΙΔΕΊΞΟΜΕΝ
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G0667
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-deh-DEEK-tai
Translations: it has been shown, it has been demonstrated, it has been proved, it has been appointed
Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb ἀποδείκνυμι (apodeiknymi). It is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and δείκνυμι (deiknymi, 'to show, to point out'). In this form, it means that something has been definitively shown, demonstrated, or proven, often with a sense of official declaration or clear evidence. It implies a completed action with lasting results, indicating that a fact or truth has been established.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΔΕΙΧΘΑΙ, ΠΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΤΑΙ
G2909
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KRAY-toon
Translations: better, superior, stronger, more excellent
Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'better' or 'superior'. It is used to indicate that one thing or person is of higher quality, greater strength, or more advantageous than another. It often appears with a genitive case or the particle 'ἤ' (ē) to express comparison, similar to 'than' in English.
Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: This word is the irregular comparative form of the adjective ἀγαθός (agathos), meaning 'good'. It derives from an older form related to 'strength' or 'power'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAX-eh-ohn
Translations: (of) deeds, (of) acts, (of) actions, (of) practices
Notes: This word refers to actions, deeds, or practices. It is often used to describe significant or notable actions, such as the acts of apostles or the deeds of a person. It can also refer to the practical application of something, or a course of action.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ
G5316
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-EE-neh-tai
Translations: appears, seems, is seen, is evident
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to appear' or 'to seem'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it appears' or 'it seems that...'. It can also mean 'to be seen' or 'to become visible'. It describes something that becomes evident or manifest.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΑΙΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- meaning 'to shine'. It is related to words signifying light, appearance, and manifestation.
G3933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-THEH-noo
Translations: of a virgin, of the virgin, of a maiden, of the maiden, virgin, a virgin, maiden, a maiden
Notes: This word refers to a young, unmarried woman, typically one who is a virgin. It can also refer more broadly to a maiden or a girl. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' (e.g., 'of a virgin').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΝΕΑΝΙΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term for a virgin or maiden.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: FEH-roh-men
Translations: we carry, we bear, we bring, we lead, we endure, being carried, being borne, being brought, being led
Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to carry, bear, bring, or lead', or as a participle meaning 'being carried, borne, or brought'. As a verb, it indicates an action performed by 'we' (first person plural). As a participle, it describes something that is being moved or carried, often implying a passive action where the subject is receiving the action rather than performing it.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural (as a verb); Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular (as a participle)
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΕΡΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It is a very ancient and common verb in many Indo-European languages.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G4066
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: per-SEH-ah
Translations: Perseus
Notes: Perseus is a proper noun, referring to a specific person. In Greek mythology, Perseus was a legendary hero, son of Zeus and Danaë, famous for slaying the Gorgon Medusa. In the provided context, it refers to a king named Perseus.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Greek mythology, referring to the legendary hero Perseus.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: HOHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, that, so, in order that
Notes: This word is an adverb or conjunction used to introduce comparisons, indicate time, or express purpose or result. It can mean 'as' or 'like' when comparing things, 'when' or 'while' to denote time, 'how' to ask about manner, or 'about' when referring to approximation. It can also function as a conjunction meaning 'that' or 'in order that'. The form 'ΩΙ' is not a standard Koine Greek word. It is highly likely a misspelling or a typographical error for 'ΩΣ' (hos), which is a very common word in Koine Greek and fits the provided context. It could also potentially be a dative singular of a noun or pronoun, but 'ΩΣ' is a much more probable interpretation given the context.
Inflection: Does not inflect (if it is ΩΣ). If it were a dative singular, it would be Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter.
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
G5560
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kho-LOOS
Translations: lame, crippled, a lame person, a crippled person
Notes: This word describes someone who is lame or crippled, unable to walk properly due to a physical disability. It can be used to refer to a person who is lame, or to describe a characteristic of someone. In the provided example, it refers to 'the lame' as a group of people.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΗΡΟΣ, ΚΥΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to halt' or 'to stumble'.
G3886
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-ra-ly-ti-KOOS
Translations: paralytic, a paralytic, paralyzed, a paralyzed person
Notes: This word describes someone who is paralyzed or afflicted with paralysis. It is used to refer to individuals suffering from this condition, often in the context of healing or sickness. It can function as an adjective describing a person or as a substantive noun referring to a paralytic person.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ
G1080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ge-NEH-tace
Translations: parent, a parent, father, a father, ancestor, an ancestor
Notes: This word refers to a parent or an ancestor, particularly a father. It is used to denote the one who begets or gives birth. It can be used in a general sense for any progenitor.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΗΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be born', referring to the one who causes something to come into being.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-nee-ROOS
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, mischievous, malicious
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or bad. It can refer to moral depravity, harmfulness, or general poor quality. It is often used to describe people who are morally corrupt or actions that are harmful. In the provided examples, it describes 'evil ones' (plural) and 'evil thoughts'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ
G5198
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yee-gee-EES
Translations: healthy, sound, whole, well
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being healthy, sound, or whole. It is often used to refer to physical well-being, indicating a state of good health. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is sound, true, or wholesome, such as sound doctrine or a healthy mind.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΥΕΚΤΗΣ, ΕΥΘΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the root *hygiēs, meaning 'healthy, sound'. It is related to the English word 'hygiene'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-poy-AY-keh-nye
Translations: to have made, to have done, to have produced, to have created
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a perfect infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the results continuing into the present. It is often used to express the idea of having accomplished something or having brought something into existence. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He desired to have made a great work' or 'They claimed to have done good deeds'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3498
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEK-roos
Translations: dead, the dead, dead ones
Notes: This word refers to something or someone that is dead. It is often used as an adjective to describe a person or thing, but it can also function as a noun, referring to 'the dead' collectively or 'dead ones'. It is used to describe a state of being without life.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΘΑΝΟΝ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΕΣ
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-eh-GEH-rai
Translations: to raise up, to build up, to awaken, to restore
Notes: This verb means to raise something or someone up, to build or rebuild, or to awaken. It can refer to physical construction, like building a temple, or to bringing someone back to life or a state of activity. It can also imply restoration or revival.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G0078
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: as-KLEH-pee-oo
Translations: of Asclepius
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Asclepius', referring to the Greek god of medicine, healing, rejuvenation, and physicians. In ancient Greek mythology, he was the son of Apollo and Coronis. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Asclepius' means something belonging to or related to Asclepius.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-geh-NEES-thai
Translations: to have become, to have been, to have been born, to have happened, to have come into being
Notes: This is the perfect middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It can be used to express that something has come into existence, has occurred, or has been born. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He believed it to have happened' or 'It was thought to have been born'.
Inflection: Perfect, Middle or Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝΑΙ, ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-noys
Translations: spoken, said, told, things spoken, things said, things told
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to something that is being said or spoken. In context, it often functions as a substantive, meaning 'the things being said' or 'those who are being spoken of'. It describes actions or words that are currently in the process of being uttered or communicated.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΙΣΙΝ, ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΟΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΛΕΓΩ (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to gather, collect, pick out', which evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say' in Greek, implying the gathering of words.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G5335
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FAS-kane
Translations: to say, to affirm, to assert, to claim, to declare
Notes: This word means to say, affirm, or assert something. It is used to express a strong declaration or claim, often in a formal or emphatic manner. It can be used in contexts where one is stating a belief, a fact, or an opinion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: From an intensive form of the root of φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It implies a strong or repeated assertion.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-XOH-men
Translations: we think, we suppose, we seem, we appear
Notes: This is a verb in the first person plural, future active indicative. It means 'we will think,' 'we will suppose,' 'we will seem,' or 'we will appear.' It describes an action of thinking, supposing, or appearing that will happen in the future, performed by a group including the speaker.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive.' In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose,' reflecting the idea of forming an opinion or perception.
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