Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / First Apology of Justin Martyr / Chapter 46First Apology of Justin Martyr, Chapter 46
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-loh-giss-TAI-non-tess
Translations: acting thoughtlessly, behaving unreasonably, being foolish, being senseless
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'alogistainō', meaning 'to act thoughtlessly' or 'to behave unreasonably'. It describes someone who is not using their reason or judgment, often leading to foolish or senseless actions. It implies a lack of consideration or understanding.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΦΡΩΝ, ἈΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ἈΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G654
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-tro-PAYN
Translations: aversion, turning away, turning aside, turning back, prevention, a turning away, a prevention
Notes: This word refers to the act of turning away or averting something, often with the sense of preventing or warding off an undesirable outcome. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'τροπή' (a turning). It describes a turning aside or a means of prevention.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΕΚΤΡΟΠΗ
Etymology: The word ἀποτροπή (apotropē) is derived from the verb ἀποτρέπω (apotrepō), meaning 'to turn away' or 'to avert'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the root τρέπω (trepō), meaning 'to turn'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1321
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: deh-dee-DAG-meh-nohn
Translations: of those who have been taught, of the taught ones, of the instructed
Notes: This is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'διδάσκω' (didaskō), meaning 'to teach'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun. In this form, it refers to 'those who have been taught' or 'the ones who have been instructed'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, and the passive voice means the subject is receiving the action. Therefore, it describes individuals who have undergone the process of being taught and are now in a state of having been taught.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΘΕΝΤΩΝ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: OOF
Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.
Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-POH-see
Translations: they may say, they might say, they should say, they say
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to express a potential or hypothetical action of speaking, often translated with 'may' or 'might'. It indicates what a group of people could say or should say in a given situation.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G4253
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PRO
Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-TON
Translations: of years, years
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'year'. It is used here in the genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of years' or simply 'years' in context where the genitive case implies duration or a point in time. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'a man of many years' or 'after many years'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G1540
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: heh-KAH-ton
Translations: hundred, a hundred
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'one hundred'. It is used to indicate a quantity of one hundred units of something. For example, it can be used to describe a hundred people, a hundred years, or a hundred items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin 'centum' and English 'hundred'.
G4000
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: pen-TAY-kon-tah
Translations: fifty
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling of 'πεντήκοντα' (pentēkonta), which means 'fifty'. It is a cardinal number used to indicate a quantity of 50. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'fifty years' or 'fifty men'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-GEN-nees-thai
Translations: to have been born, to have been begotten, to have been produced
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'gennaō', meaning 'to beget' or 'to give birth'. It describes the state of having been born or brought into existence. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past that has ongoing relevance, often referring to one's origin or spiritual birth.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRIS-ton
Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, signifying his role as the promised deliverer. It is often used with the definite article 'the' (the Christ) or as a proper name (Christ). As an accusative form, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: LEH-gayn
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to say' or 'the act of saying'. It can be used in various constructions where an action is expressed as a concept or purpose.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΕΙΝ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2958
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: koo-RAY-nee-oo
Translations: of Cyrenius, of Quirinius
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Cyrenius, also known as Quirinius, who was a Roman governor of Syria. The word is used to indicate possession or association with him, often in the context of a census or registration that occurred during his governorship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: deh-dee-DAKH-eh-nai
Translations: to have taught, to have been taught
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'διδάσκω' (didaskō), meaning 'to teach'. As a perfect infinitive, it conveys the idea of an action that has been completed in the past, with ongoing results or relevance in the present. It can be used to express a completed action that serves as the basis for a subsequent action or state, often translated as 'to have taught' or 'to have been taught' depending on the context and voice.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dens- ('to learn').
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FAH-men
Translations: we say, we speak, we declare, we affirm
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used in the first person plural, indicating that 'we' are the ones performing the action of speaking or declaring something. It can be used in various contexts to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to state a fact or opinion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝ, ΕΡΟΥΜΕΝ
G1321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: di-DAX-ai
Translations: to teach, to instruct, to learn, to train
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'διδάσκω'. It means 'to teach' or 'to instruct'. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, often following verbs like 'said' or 'commanded', indicating that someone was told to teach or instruct.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΗΧΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G5306
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron
Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later
Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial
Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-noys
Translations: to times, in times, at times, to seasons, in seasons, at seasons
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or an appointed time. It is used to indicate when something occurs or during what duration. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, often translated as 'in times' or 'during the times of'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΙΣ, ΑΙΩΝΕΣ
G4194
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PON-tee-oo
Translations: Pontius, of Pontius
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect of Judea who presided over the trial of Jesus Christ. It is used to identify him by name.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Latin Pontius, a Roman nomen (family name), possibly of Oscan origin, meaning 'fifth'.
G4091
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pee-LAH-too
Translations: of Pilate
Notes: This word refers to Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea who presided over the trial of Jesus and ordered his crucifixion. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to Pilate, often in historical or theological contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Pilate' is of Latin origin, likely derived from 'pilatus' meaning 'armed with a javelin' or 'pilum' meaning 'javelin'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-kah-LOH-seen
Translations: they may call upon, they may appeal to, they may invoke, they may name, they may surname
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'καλέω' (to call). It means to call upon someone, to appeal to them, or to invoke their name. It can also mean to name or surname someone. It is often used in the context of prayer or seeking help from a higher power, or in legal contexts to appeal to a court or authority.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G0421
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-nev-THOO-nohn
Translations: not held accountable, unpunished, unanswerable, not liable, acquitted
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'not holding accountable' or 'being unpunished'. It describes someone who is not held responsible or is exempt from accountability or punishment. It is formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-) and the verb 'εὐθύνω' (euthynō), which means 'to make straight, direct, guide, correct, punish'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ, ἈΘΩΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀνευθύνω (aneuthynō) is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'un-' or 'not', and the verb εὐθύνω (euthynō), meaning 'to make straight, direct, guide, correct, or punish'. The root εὐθύνω comes from εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-ton
Translations: of being, of existing, of those who are, of those who exist, of things that are, of things that exist
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating 'of those who are' or 'of things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of a group of people or things, or to refer to existing entities in a genitive context, meaning 'belonging to' or 'concerning' them.
Inflection: Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ
G4266
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-ge-ge-NEE-meh-non
Translations: (of) having happened before, (of) having occurred previously, (of) having come into existence before
Notes: This word is a perfect participle, meaning 'having happened before' or 'having occurred previously'. It describes something that has already taken place or come into being prior to a point in time. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun).
Inflection: Perfect, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΤΕΛΕΣΜΕΝΩΝ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G5348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FTHA-san-tes
Translations: having arrived, having come, having reached, having attained, having anticipated
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phthanō', meaning 'to arrive', 'to come', 'to reach', or 'to attain'. It describes an action that has been completed or a state that has been reached. It can also carry the sense of 'to anticipate' or 'to be first'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence, indicating the circumstances or timing of an action.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G639
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-REE-an
Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, distress, a distress, difficulty, a difficulty, embarrassment, an embarrassment, want, a want, lack, a lack
Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in a difficult situation. It can describe a lack of means, a state of perplexity, or a feeling of being stuck without a way forward. It is often used to describe a situation of distress or a problem that is hard to solve.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΙΑ, ΑΜΗΧΑΝΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΡΙΑ (aporia) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without passage/resource'.
G3089
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LY-so-MEH-tha
Translations: we will loose, we will release, we will destroy, we will untie, we will dissolve
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'λύω' (lyō), meaning 'to loose,' 'to release,' 'to untie,' 'to destroy,' or 'to dissolve.' It is used to express an action that will be performed by the subject upon themselves or for their own benefit (middle voice), or an action that will be performed upon the subject by an external agent (passive voice). It indicates a future action.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive, Indicative, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ
G4416
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: PRO-toh-TOH-kon
Translations: firstborn, a firstborn
Notes: This word is a compound adjective and noun, meaning 'firstborn'. It is formed from 'πρῶτος' (first) and 'τίκτω' (to beget, to bear). It refers to the first child born, especially the first son, or the first of anything. It can be used to describe someone or something that holds a preeminent position or is the initial creation.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter; or Nominative, Singular, Neuter
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Koine Greek words 'πρῶτος' (prōtos), meaning 'first', and 'τίκτω' (tiktō), meaning 'to beget' or 'to bear'. It literally means 'first-begotten' or 'first-born'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-di-DAKH-thay-men
Translations: we were taught, we were instructed, we learned
Notes: This is a verb indicating that a group of people (we) received teaching or instruction. It is in the passive voice, meaning the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon, rather than performing the action. It describes an action that was completed in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ (didaskō) comes from an uncertain root, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *dens- (to show, teach).
G3377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-eh-may-NOO-sah-men
Translations: we announced beforehand, we declared beforehand, we showed beforehand, we made known beforehand
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in advance,' and the verb 'μηνύω' (menyo), meaning 'to make known' or 'to declare.' The form 'προεμηνύσαμεν' is the first person plural (we) of the aorist active indicative, meaning 'we announced beforehand' or 'we declared in advance.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, specifically by the speaker and their group, indicating that they made something known prior to a certain event or time.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΑΙΝΩ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tah
Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ
Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GEH-nos
Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind
Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.
G3348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-TES-kheh
Translations: he shared, he partook, he participated, he had a share
Notes: This word means to share in, partake of, or participate in something. It implies having a portion or a part of something, often used with the genitive case to indicate what is being shared. For example, one might share in a blessing, a suffering, or a common nature.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'among', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to have with' or 'to have among', leading to the sense of sharing or partaking.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goo
Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing
Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: bee-OH-san-tes
Translations: having lived, those who lived, who lived
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having lived' or 'those who lived'. It describes an action that was completed in the past relative to the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or providing additional information about the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
Etymology: From βίος (bios), meaning 'life'.
G5546
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khris-tee-ah-NOY
Translations: Christians
Notes: This word refers to followers of Christ. It is a compound word derived from 'Christos' (Christ) and the suffix '-ianos' (belonging to, or follower of). It is used to describe a group of people who identify with or adhere to the teachings of Jesus Christ.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΑΙ, ΑΓΙΟΙ, ΠΙΣΤΟΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-see
Translations: they are
Notes: This word is the third person plural present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to state existence or to link a subject to a predicate, indicating what the subject is or what quality it possesses. For example, 'they are good' or 'they are people'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G2532, G0302
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: KAN
Translations: even if, although, and if, even though, if, though
Notes: ΚἈΝ is a compound word, formed by the contraction of the conjunction ΚΑΙ (and, also, even) and the particle ἈΝ (a conditional or potential particle). It is used to introduce a conditional clause, often with a concessive sense, meaning 'even if' or 'although'. It can also simply mean 'and if' or 'if' in certain contexts, indicating a hypothetical situation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G0002
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-THEH-oy
Translations: godless, without God, an atheist, godless ones
Notes: This word describes someone who is without God or who denies the existence of God. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or a group, or as a noun to refer to 'godless people' or 'atheists'. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'without') and 'θεός' (theos, meaning 'God').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΟΙ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative alpha (ἀ-, 'not', 'without') and θεός (theos, 'God'). It literally means 'without God'.
G3543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-no-mee-STHEH-san
Translations: they were thought, they were supposed, they were considered, they were accustomed
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'νομίζω' (nomizō). It means 'to be thought', 'to be supposed', 'to be considered', or 'to be accustomed'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where a group of people were the recipients of the action of thinking or considering. For example, 'they were thought to be wise' or 'they were considered righteous'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Etymology: The word 'νομίζω' (nomizō) comes from 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. It originally meant 'to do according to custom or law', and then evolved to mean 'to hold as a custom', 'to believe', or 'to think'.
G3634
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: OY-on
Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing
Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EL-lay-see
Translations: (to) Greeks, (to) Gentiles, (to) Heathens
Notes: This word refers to Greeks, or more broadly, to non-Jews, often translated as Gentiles or Heathens in a religious context. It is used to indicate the recipients of an action or something belonging to them, functioning as the dative plural form of the noun 'Greek'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΕΣΙ, ΕΘΝΙΚΟΙΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soh-KRAH-tays
Translations: Socrates
Notes: Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon, and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes. He is famous for the Socratic method, a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Socrates is of Greek origin, derived from the elements σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe' or 'whole', and κράτος (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. Thus, it can be interpreted as 'safe power' or 'whole power'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: heh-rah-KLEH-ee-tos
Translations: Heraclitus
Notes: Heraclitus was an ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Ephesus, Ionia, known for his doctrine of change being central to the universe, often summarized by the phrase "everything flows." He is also known for his concept of the 'Logos' as the underlying principle of the cosmos. The word refers specifically to this historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Heraclitus is of Greek origin, derived from the elements 'ΗΡΑ' (Hera), referring to the goddess Hera, and 'ΚΛΕΙΤΟΣ' (kleitos), meaning 'glory' or 'fame'. Thus, the name means 'glory of Hera' or 'famed by Hera'.
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ho-MOY-oy
Translations: like, similar, equal, like ones, similar ones, equal ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is similar or equal to another in nature, quality, or appearance. It is used to indicate resemblance or parity between two or more entities. For example, one might say that two people are 'like' each other in their character.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΙΣΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G0915
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: bar-BAH-roys
Translations: barbarians, to barbarians, for barbarians, to the barbarians, for the barbarians, foreign, to foreigners, for foreigners
Notes: This word refers to people who are not Greek, particularly those who do not speak Greek. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'foreign' or as a noun meaning 'foreigner' or 'barbarian'. In ancient Greek culture, it often carried a connotation of being uncivilized or uncultured, as their language sounded like 'bar-bar' to Greek ears. This specific form is a plural dative, indicating 'to' or 'for' these foreign people.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΕΣΙΝ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΕΣΙΝ
G0008
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AH-brah-ahm
Translations: Abraham
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Abraham, the patriarch of the Israelite nation. He is a significant figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, known for his faith and covenant with God. The name is used to refer directly to the person.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Abraham is of Hebrew origin, meaning "father of a multitude" or "father of many nations." It was originally Abram, meaning "exalted father," and was changed by God as part of a covenant.
G0367
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-NEE-ahs
Translations: Ananias
Notes: Ananias is a proper noun, a male personal name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'the Lord is gracious'. It refers to several individuals in the Bible, including a member of the early Christian community in Jerusalem who, along with his wife Sapphira, died after lying to the Holy Spirit about money from a sale of property, and a high priest who presided over Paul's trial. It is used to refer to a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ananias is derived from the Hebrew name Hananiah (חֲנַנְיָה), which means 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'the Lord is gracious'. It is a common name in the Old Testament and continued to be used in the New Testament period.
G107
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-zah-REE-ahs
Translations: Azariah
Notes: Azariah is a Hebrew proper name meaning 'Yahweh has helped' or 'Yahweh is my help'. It is the name of several individuals in the Old Testament, including a king of Judah, a prophet, and one of Daniel's companions (also known as Abednego). It is used to refer to a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew עֲזַרְיָה (Azaryah), meaning 'Yahweh has helped'.
G3489
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mee-sah-ALE
Translations: Mishael
Notes: Mishael is a proper noun, specifically a personal name of Hebrew origin. In the Bible, Mishael was one of Daniel's three companions who, along with Hananiah and Azariah, was thrown into the fiery furnace for refusing to worship the golden idol of King Nebuchadnezzar. The name means 'Who is what God is?' or 'Who is like God?'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew מִישָׁאֵל (Misha'el), meaning 'Who is what God is?' or 'Who is like God?'. It is a theophoric name, incorporating the Hebrew word for God (El).
G2243
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-LEE-as
Translations: Elijah
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Elijah, a prominent prophet in the Old Testament. He is known for his miracles and his ascension to heaven in a whirlwind. The name is of Hebrew origin and means 'My God is Yahweh'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew אֵלִיָּהוּ (Eliyyahu), meaning 'My God is Yahweh'.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-loy
Translations: others, some others, different ones
Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G4234
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAX-ace
Translations: deeds, acts, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, deeds, or accomplishments. It is often used in a general sense to describe human activity or what someone does. It can also refer to specific events or a collection of actions, such as the 'Acts' of the Apostles.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ, ΔΡΑΣΕΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-ta
Translations: names, a name
Notes: This word refers to a name, a designation, or a reputation. It is used to identify individuals, places, or concepts. In a broader sense, it can also signify character, authority, or renown. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'They wrote down the names' or 'His name was great among the people.'
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ, ΚΛΗΣΙΣ
G2695
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-LEH-gayn
Translations: to enroll, to reckon, to count, to list, to select, to choose
Notes: This word means to count, list, or enroll, often with the implication of selecting or choosing individuals for a specific purpose or group. It can also mean to include someone in a list or register. It is used to describe the act of compiling a list or a roster.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΕΚΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say, speak, or collect'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of 'laying down a list' or 'counting down'.
G3117
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MAH-krohn
Translations: long, a long, far, distant, great
Notes: This word describes something as being long in duration or extent, or distant in space. It can refer to a long period of time, a long distance, or a great quantity. It is often used to modify nouns, agreeing with them in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
G1987
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-men-oy
Translations: knowing, understanding, being skilled, being acquainted with, those knowing, those understanding
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epistamai', meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses knowledge or understanding. It can be translated as 'knowing', 'understanding', or 'being skilled'. In a sentence, it might describe a group of people who are knowledgeable about a particular subject.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕἸΔΟΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'epistamai' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'over') and 'histamai' (meaning 'to stand'). The combination suggests 'standing upon' or 'being established upon' knowledge, hence 'to know' or 'to understand thoroughly'.
G5109
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TAH-noon
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It is used to indicate the current time or the immediate moment. It can be used to contrast with past or future events, emphasizing the present state or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (to) meaning 'this' and the adverb 'νυν' (nyn) meaning 'now'. It emphasizes the immediate present.
G3868
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-rah-ee-TOO-meh-thah
Translations: we beg, we ask, we entreat, we deprecate, we refuse, we decline, we avoid
Notes: This is a verb meaning to beg, ask, entreat, or deprecate. It can also mean to refuse, decline, or avoid, depending on the context. It is often used in the sense of trying to avert something or to be excused from something.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and αἰτέω (aitéō, 'I ask, I beg'). It literally means 'to ask from beside' or 'to ask off'.
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G4266
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: proh-geh-NOH-meh-noy
Translations: having come before, having been before, former, those who have come before
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the prefix 'προ-' (before) and the verb 'γίνομαι' (to become, to be). It describes someone or something that has existed or occurred prior to a given point in time. It is used to refer to individuals or events that are antecedent or preceding.
Inflection: Aorist Middle Participle, Nominative/Vocative/Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΫΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be'. 'Γίνομαι' itself comes from an ancient root meaning 'to come into being'.
G0427
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ah-NEH-oo
Translations: without, apart from, besides
Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is used to indicate the absence of something or someone, or to denote separation. It typically takes the genitive case, indicating that something is done or exists in the absence of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ, ΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'without' or 'not', combined with the adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good'.
G0971
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: bee-ah-SAN-tes
Translations: having forced, those who forced, having done violence, those who did violence
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'βιάζω' (biazo), which means 'to force,' 'to do violence,' or 'to press into.' As a participle, 'βιασάντες' describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, indicating 'those who have forced' or 'having forced.' It typically refers to individuals who have exerted power or compulsion.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'βιάζω' (biazo) comes from 'βία' (bia), meaning 'force' or 'violence.'
G0890
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: akh-RAY-stoy
Translations: useless, unprofitable, unserviceable, worthless, good for nothing, useless ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is useless, unprofitable, or unserviceable. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'χρηστός' (chrestos, meaning 'useful' or 'profitable'). It can be used to describe things that are no longer functional or people who are unproductive or of no benefit.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ἈΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ, ἈΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ἈΧΡΕΙΟΣ
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THROY
Translations: enemies, foes, adversaries
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial towards someone or something. It is used to describe opponents, whether in conflict, legal disputes, or general opposition. It can be used in a literal sense for military adversaries or in a more figurative sense for those who are opposed to a person's beliefs or actions.
Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine; Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ
Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb ἔχθω (echthō), meaning 'to hate'. It is related to the concept of hatred and hostility.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: (to) Christ, (to) the Anointed One, (to) the Messiah
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It is often used as a proper noun, referring to Jesus Christ. In its dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to Christ' or 'for Christ'. It can also refer to anyone who is anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G5406
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NEYS
Translations: murderers, killers
Notes: This word refers to individuals who commit murder or act as killers. It is used to describe those who take the life of another, often with malicious intent. It can be used in a general sense to refer to any person who commits such an act.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΚΤΟΝΟΙ, ΔΟΛΟΦΟΝΟΙ
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: bee-OON-tone
Translations: living, of those living, of living
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes the action of living or existing. In the genitive plural, it often refers to 'those who are living' or 'of the living'. It can be used to describe a group of people who are currently engaged in the act of living or a characteristic pertaining to them.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΖΩΟΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: From βίος (bios), meaning 'life'. It refers to the manner of life or the course of life.
G0979
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bee-OON-tes
Translations: living, existing, spending one's life, passing one's life
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'living' or 'existing'. It describes someone who is currently engaged in the act of living or spending their life in a particular way. It can be used to describe the manner in which one lives or conducts their life.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G870
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-FOH-boy
Translations: fearless, without fear, unafraid
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without fear or dread. It is used to characterize individuals who act boldly or confidently, unhindered by apprehension. It can be used to describe a state of mind or a characteristic of a person or group.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΔΕΙΣ, ἈΤΑΡΑΣΣΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and φόβος (phobos, meaning 'fear' or 'dread'). It literally means 'without fear'.
G0826
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-TAH-rakh-oy
Translations: undisturbed, unperturbed, tranquil, calm, unagitated
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is undisturbed, unperturbed, or tranquil. It signifies a state of being free from agitation, trouble, or anxiety. It can be used to describe a person's state of mind or a calm environment.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἨΣΥΧΟΣ, ΓΑΛΗΝΟΣ, ἈΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ
G5225
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PARKH-soo-see
Translations: they will be, they will exist, they will possess, they will belong
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be', 'to exist', 'to be present', or 'to possess'. It often describes a state of being or a condition that already exists or will exist. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a group of people or things.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G0156
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ai-TEE-an
Translations: cause, a cause, reason, a reason, charge, a charge, accusation, an accusation, fault, a fault
Notes: This word refers to a cause, reason, or ground for something. It can also denote a charge or accusation, or even a fault. It is commonly used to explain the basis or origin of an action or event.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑἸΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΙΑ (aitia) comes from the Greek word αἴτιος (aitios), meaning 'responsible' or 'culpable'.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAH-tros
Translations: of a father, of the father, of a parent, of the parent, of God, of the Lord
Notes: This word refers to a father or parent. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of a father' or 'of the father'. In a theological context, it can refer to God as the Father.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
G1203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: des-PO-too
Translations: of a master, of a lord, of an owner, of a ruler
Notes: This word refers to a master, lord, or owner, emphasizing authority and control over others, such as servants or slaves. It is often used in a context where someone holds absolute power or dominion. It can also refer to God as the ultimate Lord or Master.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΥ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΟΥ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OY
Translations: gods
Notes: This word refers to multiple deities or divine beings. It is the plural form of 'god' and is used to speak about a group of gods, often in a polytheistic context, or sometimes in a general sense referring to divine powers.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΑΙΜΟΝΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ
G1012
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BOO-layn
Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will
Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.
G3933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-THEH-noo
Translations: of a virgin, of the virgin, of a maiden, of the maiden, virgin, a virgin, maiden, a maiden
Notes: This word refers to a young, unmarried woman, typically one who is a virgin. It can also refer more broadly to a maiden or a girl. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' (e.g., 'of a virgin').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΝΕΑΝΙΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term for a virgin or maiden.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G0616
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-koo-AY-thay
Translations: was born, was brought forth, was given birth to
Notes: This word is the aorist passive form of the verb ἀποκυέω (apokyeō), meaning 'to give birth to' or 'to bring forth'. It is a compound verb formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and κυέω (kyeō, 'to be pregnant, to conceive'). In this passive form, it means 'to be born' or 'to be brought forth'. It describes the act of being brought into existence or being delivered.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀποκυέω (apokyeō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and κυέω (kyeō), meaning 'to be pregnant' or 'to conceive'. The root κυέω is related to κύω (kyō), 'to swell', and ultimately to the idea of swelling or being full, leading to the sense of pregnancy and birth.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-oh-no-MAS-thay
Translations: was named, was called, was surnamed
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to be named after,' 'to be called by a name,' or 'to be surnamed.' It describes the act of receiving a name or title, often indicating a designation or appellation given to someone or something. It is used in contexts where a person or thing is referred to by a specific name or epithet.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ὈΝΟΜΑΖΩ
G4717
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: stow-roh-THEES
Translations: having been crucified, crucified
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been crucified' or simply 'crucified'. It describes someone or something that has undergone the act of crucifixion. It is often used to refer to Jesus Christ.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
G0599
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NOHN
Translations: having died, dead, when he died, after dying
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to die'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone or something that has passed away. It is often used to describe the state of being dead or to refer to an event that happened after someone's death.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΩΣ, ΝΕΚΡΟΣ
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nes-TAY
Translations: arose, stood up, rose up, got up
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it arose' or 'he/she/it stood up'. It describes the action of rising from a sitting or lying position, or standing up. It can also refer to rising from the dead, or simply beginning an action or journey.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-eh-LAY-loo-then
Translations: has gone up, has ascended, has come up, has risen
Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect indicative active form of the verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. The perfect tense indicates an action that was completed in the past but has continuing results in the present. It describes someone who has completed the action of going up or ascending.
Inflection: Perfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-rah-NON
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the physical sky above the earth, or more commonly, to the dwelling place of God and the angels, often used in a theological sense. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G5118
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toh-SOO-tone
Translations: of so great, of so many, of such, of so much
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so great,' 'so many,' or 'such.' It is used to indicate a large quantity or degree of something, often emphasizing the extent. It can be used to describe both countable and uncountable nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek words ΤΟΣΟΣ (tos-os), meaning 'so much, so great,' and ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos), meaning 'this, that.'
G2046
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ray-MEH-nohn
Translations: of the things said, of the things spoken, of the things mentioned, of the aforesaid, of the aforementioned
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said' or 'having been spoken'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to things that have already been stated or mentioned. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of the things that have been said' or 'of the aforementioned things'. It is often used to refer back to previous statements or topics in a text.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΛΕΛΑΛΗΜΕΝΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3563
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: noo-NEH-khees
Translations: prudent, sensible, discreet, wise, a prudent one, a sensible one
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'having a mind' or 'holding one's mind', thus signifying someone who is prudent, sensible, or discreet. It describes a person who uses good judgment and is thoughtful in their actions and decisions. It can be used to describe a person or their actions.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΝΟΥΣ (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect', and ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'having a mind' or 'holding one's mind'.
G2638
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BINE
Translations: to grasp, to seize, to comprehend, to overtake, to find, to lay hold of, to apprehend
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō). It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. It can mean to take hold of something, either physically or mentally, implying a strong grasp or full comprehension. It is also used to mean to overtake someone or something, or to find something.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Its meaning evolved from physically taking hold of something to mentally grasping or comprehending.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NEE-seh-tai
Translations: will be able, will be powerful, will be capable
Notes: This word is a verb indicating future ability or capability. It means 'will be able' or 'will have the power to do something'. It is often used to express potential or possibility in the future, such as 'he will be able to speak' or 'it will be able to be adorned'.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙΝ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0316
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-oo
Translations: of necessity, of what is necessary, of what is indispensable, of what is unavoidable, of what is urgent, of what is important, of what is related, of what is kindred
Notes: This word describes something that is necessary, indispensable, or unavoidable. It can also refer to something that is urgent, important, or closely related, such as a kinsman or friend. It is used to indicate a strong requirement or a close connection.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΑΚΤΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tos
Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one
Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.
G5104, G3588
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Part of Speech: Particle, Definite Article
Sounds like: TOY
Translations: indeed, surely, then, for them, to them, to the, for the
Notes: ΤΟΙ can function as an enclitic particle, adding emphasis or indicating a consequence, often translated as 'indeed,' 'surely,' or 'then.' It can also be the dative masculine or neuter plural form of the definite article 'the,' meaning 'to the' or 'for the,' or referring to 'them' when used as a pronoun. Its meaning depends heavily on context.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (as a definite article)
Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ, ΟΙ
Etymology: The particle ΤΟΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun. The definite article ΤΟΙ (dative plural) derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to demonstrative pronouns.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G0585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-seh-ohs
Translations: (of) demonstration, (of) proof, (of) evidence
Notes: This word refers to a clear and convincing demonstration, proof, or evidence. It implies a process of showing or proving something beyond doubt, often through logical argument or factual presentation. It is used to describe the act or result of making something evident or certain.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-too
Translations: of this, of him, of it
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'this' or 'he/she/it'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of this' or 'of him/it', and is used to point out something specific that has already been mentioned or is understood from context.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ
G1902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEY-goo-sas
Translations: urgent, pressing, hastening, hurrying
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an action that is ongoing or happening at the same time as the main verb. It describes something that is urgent, pressing, or causing one to hurry. It can be used to describe people who are rushing or things that require immediate attention.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΠΕΥΔΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ἐπι- (epi-) meaning 'upon' or 'to' and the verb εἴγω (eígō) meaning 'to lead' or 'to drive'. The combination suggests a sense of driving forward or urging on.
G0585
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-seis
Translations: proofs, demonstrations, evidences
Notes: This word refers to a clear showing, a demonstration, or a proof. It is used to denote evidence or arguments that establish the truth or validity of something. It can be used in contexts where something is being proven or made evident.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΟΙ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑΙ, ΤΕΚΜΗΡΙΑ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3918
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle, Noun
Sounds like: pa-RON
Translations: present, being present, the present, the present time, a present thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'present' or 'being present', or as a noun referring to 'the present time' or 'a present thing'. It describes something that is currently existing or happening.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΩΝ (PARON) comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'being beside' or 'being with', conveying the sense of presence.
G5562
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kho-RAY-so-men
Translations: we will go, we will make room, we will contain, we will advance, we will withdraw
Notes: This word means to go, make room, or contain. It is used to describe movement, either physically moving from one place to another, or making space for something. It can also imply progression or withdrawal.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
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