Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / First Apology of Justin Martyr / Chapter 29First Apology of Justin Martyr, Chapter 29
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1620
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ek-teh-THEN-tohn
Translations: of those who have been exposed, of those who have been set out, of those who have been put forth, of those who have been abandoned
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb ἐκτίθημι (ektithēmi). It is a compound word formed from ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Therefore, it means 'to set out', 'to expose', 'to put forth', or 'to abandon'. In its participle form, it describes those who have undergone the action of being set out or exposed, often in the sense of being abandoned, especially infants.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: The word ἐκτίθημι (ektithēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G0353
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-LEF-thees
Translations: taken up, received up, assumed, taken along
Notes: This is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, 'to take, receive'). It means to take up, receive up, or assume. It is often used in the context of being taken up into heaven, as in the ascension of Christ, or to take someone along with oneself. It describes an action where something or someone is lifted or brought to a higher place or position.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G2289
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tha-na-TO-thee
Translations: be put to death, be killed, be executed
Notes: This word means to be put to death, killed, or executed. It is used to describe the act of someone being subjected to death, often by legal or violent means. It is a passive form, indicating that the subject is receiving the action of being killed.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ
G0818
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-MEHN
Translations: we are dishonored, we are despised, we are disgraced
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'atimazō', meaning 'to dishonor' or 'to treat with contempt'. It describes a state of being dishonored or despised. In the provided context, it indicates that 'we' (the subject) are in a state of being dishonored or treated without respect.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΟΩ, ΑΤΙΜΕΩ
G0409
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: an-dro-FO-noy
Translations: murderers, man-slayers, a murderer, a man-slayer
Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'ἀνήρ' (man) and 'φονεύω' (to kill). It refers to those who kill or murder men. It can be used as an adjective to describe someone as 'man-slaying' or as a noun meaning 'a murderer' or 'a man-slayer'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΟΝΕΥΣ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΚΤΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek noun ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'male human being', and the verb φονεύω (phoneuō), meaning 'to murder' or 'to kill'.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G0746
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-KHAIN
Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, authority, an authority, domain, a domain, first, the first
Notes: This word refers to the starting point of something, such as a beginning in time or a foundational principle. It can also denote a position of power or authority, or the person holding such a position, like a ruler or leader. It is often used to describe the origin or initial state of things.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G1060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ga-MOO-men
Translations: we were marrying, we were getting married, we married
Notes: This word is the first person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'γαμέω' (gameō). It describes an action of marrying or getting married that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'we were marrying at that time' or 'we used to get married'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DON
Translations: of children, of boys, of servants, of slaves, of young men, of sons
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'παις' (pais). It refers to a child, boy, servant, or slave, and can also be used more broadly for young men or sons. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of children' or 'of servants', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΥΙΩΝ
G0395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-tro-FEE
Translations: upbringing, a bringing up, nourishment, a nourishment, rearing, sustenance, a sustenance
Notes: This word refers to the act of bringing up or rearing, especially in the context of children, providing them with nourishment and education. It can also refer more generally to the provision of sustenance or nourishment. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and τροφή (trophē, meaning 'nourishment' or 'food').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΡΟΦΗ, ΘΡΕΨΙΣ, ΤΡΟΦΗ
Etymology: From ἀνατρέφω (anatréphō, 'to nourish, bring up'), from ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') + τρέφω (tréphō, 'to nourish, rear').
G3868
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pah-rah-ee-TOO-meh-noy
Translations: refusing, begging off, excusing oneself, avoiding, rejecting, asking to be excused
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'refusing' or 'begging off'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual, performed by the subject of the sentence. It can imply a desire to avoid something, to excuse oneself from a duty, or to reject a proposal. It is often used in contexts where someone is trying to escape a responsibility or a difficult situation.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gah-MAH-sthai
Translations: to be married, to marry, to take a wife, to give in marriage
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'γαμέω' (gameō), meaning 'to marry' or 'to be married'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to marry' or 'to be married' depending on the context and voice. In the passive voice, as seen here, it specifically means 'to be married' or 'to be given in marriage'. It describes the act of entering into a marital union.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Passive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'γαμέω' (gameō) comes from the noun 'γάμος' (gamos), meaning 'marriage' or 'wedding'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to union or joining.
G5046
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: TEH-leh-on
Translations: complete, perfect, finished, mature, fully, perfectly, completely
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'complete,' 'perfect,' or 'finished.' It can also function as an adverb meaning 'completely' or 'perfectly.' It describes something that has reached its intended end or goal, or someone who has reached full maturity or spiritual perfection. It is often used to emphasize the thoroughness or finality of an action or state.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Adverbial form
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΑΡΤΙΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ
Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning 'end,' 'goal,' 'completion.' The adjective refers to something that has reached its end or is complete.
G1467
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-grah-TEH-oo-MEH-thah
Translations: we exercise self-control, we are temperate, we are continent, we restrain ourselves
Notes: This word describes the act of exercising self-control, being temperate, or restraining oneself. It implies a disciplined control over one's desires, passions, or actions. It is often used in contexts related to moral discipline or ascetic practices.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΩ
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G2251
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Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-rohn
Translations: (of) our, (of) ours
Notes: This word is a possessive pronoun meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by a group including the speaker. As a genitive plural, it typically modifies a noun, indicating that the noun belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'the house of ours'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'ἡμέτερος' (hēmeteros) comes from 'ἡμεῖς' (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective derived from the first person plural pronoun.
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pay-SAI
Translations: to persuade, to convince, to win over, to prevail upon
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ'. It means 'to persuade' or 'to convince' someone to do something or to believe something. It is often used in contexts where one person is trying to influence the thoughts or actions of another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΙΘΩ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3466
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: moo-STAY-ree-on
Translations: mystery, a mystery, secret, a secret
Notes: This word refers to something hidden or secret, which is not yet revealed or understood. In a religious context, it often refers to a divine truth or purpose that is revealed only to those who are initiated or enlightened. It can also refer to a secret rite or doctrine.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΝ, ΚΡΥΠΤΟΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ comes from the Greek verb μύω (myō), meaning 'to close the eyes or mouth', referring to the secrecy or silence associated with mysteries or secret rites. It is related to the 'mysteries' of ancient Greek religions.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G0427
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-neh-DEEN
Translations: freely, openly, without restraint, without reserve, without fear
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'freely' or 'openly'. It describes an action performed without hindrance, restraint, or fear, indicating a lack of caution or reservation. It can be used to describe speaking or acting without holding back.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΩΣ, ἈΦΟΒΩΣ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi), meaning 'to give up, to give forth', or more generally from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and δέω (deo, 'to bind'). The adverbial form implies an 'unbinding' or 'unrestrained' action.
G3411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MIX-is
Translations: mixture, a mixture, mixing, intercourse, union
Notes: This word refers to the act of mixing or blending, or the result of such an action, a mixture. It can also denote a union or intercourse, particularly in a physical sense. It is used to describe the combination of different elements or substances.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb μίγνυμι (mignymi), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bib-LEE-dee-on
Translations: little book, a little book, scroll, a scroll, bill of divorce, a bill of divorce
Notes: This word is a diminutive form of 'ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ' (BIBLION), meaning 'book' or 'scroll'. Therefore, it refers to a 'little book' or a 'small scroll'. In some contexts, particularly in the New Testament, it is specifically used to refer to a 'bill of divorce' or a 'certificate of divorce'. It is used to denote a written document of smaller size or lesser significance than a full book.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΒΙΒΛΙΔΙΟΝ is a diminutive of the Greek word ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ (BIBLION), which itself comes from ΒΥΒΛΟΣ (BYBLOS), referring to papyrus, the material from which books and scrolls were made. This connection to papyrus highlights the ancient form of written documents.
G0325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-EH-doh-ken
Translations: he delivered, he gave up, he handed over, he reported, he brought up
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to deliver', 'to give up', 'to hand over', or 'to report'. It is often used in the context of delivering a message or handing over something to someone. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Etymology: The verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi) is formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G221
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dree-ah
Translations: Alexandria
Notes: Alexandria refers to the famous ancient city in Egypt, founded by Alexander the Great. It was a major center of Hellenistic culture, trade, and learning, particularly known for its Great Library and Lighthouse. In Koine Greek texts, it is used as the name of this specific city.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek personal name Ἀλέξανδρος (Alexandros), referring to Alexander the Great, who founded many cities named Alexandria.
G5376
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: FEE-lix-ee
Translations: Felix
Notes: This is a proper noun, the name 'Felix'. It refers to a Roman procurator of Judea mentioned in the New Testament. In the provided context, it refers to Porcius Festus's predecessor, Felix, who was sent by Nero.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G2230
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: hay-geh-mo-NEH-oo-on-tee
Translations: ruling, governing, leading, acting as governor, when ruling, to rule, to govern
Notes: This word describes the action of ruling, governing, or leading. It is often used to refer to someone who holds a position of authority, such as a governor or a leader, and is performing the act of governing. It can be translated as 'ruling' or 'governing' depending on the context.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Dative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΙ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝΤΙ
G0514, G0516
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: ax-ee-OHN
Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to request, to expect, to think fit, of worthy ones, of those who are worthy
Notes: This word can function as a verb or an adjective. As a verb (from ἀξιόω), it means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to expect.' As an adjective (from ἄξιος), it means 'worthy,' 'deserving,' 'fitting,' or 'suitable.' The form 'ἈΞΙΩΝ' can be a present active participle (nominative masculine singular) of the verb 'ἀξιόω', meaning 'deeming worthy' or 'asking'. It can also be the genitive plural (masculine, feminine, or neuter) of the adjective 'ἄξιος', meaning 'of worthy ones' or 'of those who are worthy'. Its meaning depends on the context.
Inflection: Present Active Participle (Nominative, Masculine, Singular) or Genitive Plural (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-TREP-sai
Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit, to give permission
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἘΠΙΤΡΈΠΩ'. It means to give permission, to allow, or to entrust something to someone. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or a task is committed to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΦΊΗΜΙ, ΔΊΔΩΜΙ, ἘΆΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΡΈΠΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΤΡΈΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. Together, they convey the idea of turning something over to someone or allowing something to turn in a certain direction.
G2395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-TROH
Translations: to a physician, to a doctor, a physician, a doctor, (to) physician, (to) doctor
Notes: This word refers to a medical practitioner, someone who heals or treats the sick. It is used in the context of seeking medical help or referring to a healer.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G1324
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DI-dy-moos
Translations: twins
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'twin' or 'double'. It is used to describe two things that are born at the same time or are identical in nature. In this inflected form, it refers to multiple 'twins' and is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Etymology: The word "ΔΙΔΥΜΟΣ" comes from the Greek root meaning 'two' or 'double'. It is related to the concept of duality.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-feh-LEIN
Translations: to take away, to remove, to subtract, to cut off
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'aphairéō', meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. It is a compound word formed from 'apó' (from, away from) and 'hairéō' (to take, to choose). It is used to describe the action of removing something from a place, person, or quantity, often implying a separation or subtraction. For example, one might 'take away' a burden, 'remove' a sin, or 'subtract' from a total.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G0427
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ah-NEH-oo
Translations: without, apart from, besides
Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is used to indicate the absence of something or someone, or to denote separation. It typically takes the genitive case, indicating that something is done or exists in the absence of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ, ΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'without' or 'not', combined with the adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-ge-MO-nos
Translations: of a ruler, of a governor, of a leader, of a commander, of a chief
Notes: This word refers to a leader, governor, or commander. It is used to describe someone in a position of authority or leadership, often in a political or military context. In the provided examples, it refers to a commander or ruler.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2012
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-tro-PES
Translations: of stewardship, of guardianship, of administration, of procuratorship, of a commission
Notes: This word refers to the act or office of managing affairs, especially as a steward, guardian, or administrator. It can also denote the authority or responsibility given to someone to oversee or manage something, such as a commission or procuratorship. It is used to describe the period during which such an administration takes place.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ, ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπίτροπος (epitropos, “steward, guardian”), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, over”) + τρέπω (trepō, “to turn”). It refers to one who is 'turned over' or 'entrusted' with something.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PRAH-teh-in
Translations: to do, to perform, to practice, to accomplish, to fare, to act
Notes: This verb means to do, to perform, or to accomplish something. It can also refer to how one fares or gets along, often in the sense of 'to do well' or 'to be well'. It describes actions or activities, often with a focus on the process or the habitual nature of the action.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From an intensive form of an obsolete primary verb, meaning to pass through, hence to experience, i.e. to do or make. It is related to the idea of passing through or accomplishing a task.
G0543
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pei-REES-thai
Translations: to be disobedient, to be unpersuaded, to refuse to believe, to resist
Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive of the verb ἀπειθέω (apeitheō). It means 'to have been disobedient' or 'to have been unpersuaded'. It describes a state of having refused to believe or having resisted authority or persuasion. It can be used in contexts where someone has failed to comply with commands or has rejected truth.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΕΩ, ΑΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀπειθέω (apeitheō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'not to be persuaded' or 'not to obey'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY
Translations: there, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It is used to indicate a specific location that has been previously mentioned or is understood from the context. It can describe where an action takes place or where something is situated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΘΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *eke- (that, there).
G2395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-TROH-ee
Translations: doctors, physicians, healers
Notes: This word refers to medical practitioners or healers. It is used to describe individuals who provide medical care or treatment, similar to how we use 'doctors' or 'physicians' today. It is a plural form of the noun.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΤΑΙ, ΙΑΤΑΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gon
Translations: they were saying, they said, they used to say
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people were in the process of speaking or had a habit of saying something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G3383
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: may-DOH-lohs
Translations: not at all, by no means, in no wise
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from 'μηδέ' (not even, not at all) and 'ὅλως' (wholly, entirely). It is used to express a strong and emphatic negation, meaning 'not at all' or 'by no means'. It functions to completely deny or prohibit something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΟΛΩΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ
G1014
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: boo-lee-THEN-tos
Translations: of having willed, of having wished, of having purposed, of having desired
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to will' or 'to wish'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it often functions to describe the agent or cause of an action, translating to 'of one who has willed' or 'of one who has wished'. It indicates a completed action of willing or purposing.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΟΣ
G5376
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: FEE-lee-kos
Translations: Felix
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Felix, a Roman procurator of Judea. The name 'Felix' means 'fortunate' or 'successful' in Latin. In the provided context, it refers to the historical figure Antonius Felix, who served under Emperor Nero.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Φῆλιξ (Phēlix) is a Greek transliteration of the Latin name Felix, which means 'lucky', 'successful', or 'fortunate'. It was a common Roman cognomen.
G5252
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-poh-GRAHP-sai
Translations: to write under, to subscribe, to sign
Notes: This word means to write underneath, to subscribe, or to sign. It describes the action of adding one's name or mark to a document, often to confirm or endorse it. It is used to indicate the act of signing a letter, a will, or any other official document.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΡΑΦΩ, ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: EHF
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.
Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G3306
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: MEI-nas
Translations: having remained, having abode, having endured, having stayed, a remaining one, one who remained
Notes: This word is the masculine nominative singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'μένω' (menō). It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating someone who 'remained,' 'abode,' 'endured,' or 'stayed.' It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one who remained.'
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΙΝΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΙΝΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: neh-ah-NIS-kos
Translations: young man, a young man, youth
Notes: This word refers to a young man, typically one who is past childhood but not yet fully mature, often in the prime of his youth. It is used to describe a male individual in this specific age range, distinguishing him from a child or an older adult.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a diminutive of ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ (neanias, 'young man'), which comes from ΝΕΟΣ (neos, 'new, young').
G0714
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-KES-thay
Translations: was sufficient, was content, was satisfied, was enough
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb ΑΡΚΕΩ. It means 'to be sufficient,' 'to be content,' or 'to be satisfied.' It describes a state where something is enough or one is pleased with what they have. It can be used impersonally, meaning 'it was sufficient,' or with a subject to indicate that someone was content or satisfied.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΩ, ΕΞΑΡΚΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΡΚΕΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂erk- meaning 'to hold, to contain, to protect'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G3674
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: oh-moh-gno-MOH-nohn
Translations: of one mind, of like mind, agreeing, united in opinion
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is of the same mind or opinion as another, indicating agreement or unity in thought. It is often used to describe a group of people who share a common purpose or belief. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing a noun that is 'being of one mind' or 'having agreed'.
Inflection: Masculine, Genitive, Plural, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ, ΟΜΟΨΥΧΟΣ
G4893
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-EYE-day-see
Translations: to conscience, for conscience, in conscience, with conscience
Notes: This word refers to one's conscience, the inner sense of right and wrong. It is often used in contexts relating to moral awareness, self-awareness, or the inner witness of one's actions. It can describe the state of having a clear conscience or being troubled by one's conscience.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
G0824
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-toh-pon
Translations: out of place, improper, absurd, unreasonable, wrong, evil, a wrong thing, an improper thing
Notes: This word describes something that is 'out of place' or 'improper'. It can refer to something that is absurd, unreasonable, or even morally wrong or evil. It is used to characterize actions or situations that deviate from what is considered right, fitting, or logical.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΛΟΓΟΣ, ἈΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ἈΔΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἄτοπος (atopos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and τόπος (topos) meaning 'place'. Thus, it literally means 'without a place' or 'out of place'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1984
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-im-nees-THEE-nai
Translations: to remember, to make mention of, to call to mind, to be reminded
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive, meaning 'to be reminded' or 'to make mention of'. It is often used to indicate the act of recalling something to mind or bringing it up in conversation. The prefix 'ἐπί-' (epi-) adds the sense of 'upon' or 'in addition to', suggesting a focused or specific act of remembering.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon, over, in addition to', and the verb 'μιμνήσκω' (mimnesko), meaning 'to remind, to remember'. The root 'μνάομαι' (mnaomai) is related to memory and recollection.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G2233
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hay-GAY-sah-meh-thah
Translations: we thought, we considered, we led, we ruled, we esteemed
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to guide,' 'to rule,' 'to consider,' or 'to think.' In this specific form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of people, specifically 'we' (first person plural). It can be used in contexts where someone is leading or governing, or when a group has come to a conclusion or made a judgment.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΗΓΟΥΜΑΙ
G0000
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-TEE-no-oo
Translations: Antinous, of Antinous
Notes: Antinous was a beautiful Bithynian youth and a favorite companion of the Roman emperor Hadrian. After his early death, Hadrian deified him, and his cult spread throughout the Roman Empire. This word is the genitive singular form of his name, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Antinous is of Greek origin, derived from 'anti' (against, in front of) and 'nous' (mind, intellect).
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-noo
Translations: of having become, of having been, of having happened, of having occurred, of having come into being
Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, genitive, masculine or neuter, singular, derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes something that has come into existence, has happened, or has been made. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G5401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-bon
Translations: fear, a fear, dread, terror, reverence, awe
Notes: This word refers to the emotion of fear, dread, or terror. It can also denote reverence or awe, especially in a religious context towards God. As a noun, it functions as the direct object in a sentence.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) originates from the verb φέβομαι (phebomai), which means 'to flee' or 'to be put to flight'.
G4576
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: seh-BEIN
Translations: to worship, to revere, to honor, to venerate
Notes: ΣΕΒΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΣΕΒΩ (or σέβομαι). It means to show reverence or devotion towards someone or something, typically a deity or a sacred object. It implies a deep respect and awe, often expressed through acts of worship or veneration. It can be used in sentences like 'It is good to worship God' or 'They taught them to revere the elders'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΙΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΕΙΝ, ΤΙΜΑΝ
Etymology: The verb ΣΕΒΩ (or σέβομαι) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to be in awe' or 'to feel dread'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared concept of reverence.
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ohr-MEEN-toh
Translations: they were rushing, they rushed, they were impelled, they set out, they were eager
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'hormaō', meaning to set in motion, to rush, or to be eager. It describes a group of people or things being impelled forward or moving with great force and eagerness. It is often used to describe a sudden or forceful movement, like an attack or a charge.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ
G1987
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-men-oy
Translations: knowing, understanding, being skilled, being acquainted with, those knowing, those understanding
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epistamai', meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses knowledge or understanding. It can be translated as 'knowing', 'understanding', or 'being skilled'. In a sentence, it might describe a group of people who are knowledgeable about a particular subject.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕἸΔΟΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'epistamai' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'over') and 'histamai' (meaning 'to stand'). The combination suggests 'standing upon' or 'being established upon' knowledge, hence 'to know' or 'to understand thoroughly'.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G4226
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-then
Translations: from where, whence, from what source
Notes: This adverb is used to inquire about the origin, source, or place from which something comes. It can be translated as 'from where' or 'whence'. It is often used in interrogative sentences to ask about the starting point of an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΙ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the pronominal stem *po- (related to interrogative pronouns) and the suffix -θεν indicating origin or source.
G5225
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PEER-khen
Translations: was, existed, there was, there existed, had, possessed
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often implying a state of being or possession that continued over a period in the past. It can mean 'was', 'existed', or 'there was/existed'. It can also mean 'to have' or 'to possess', indicating what someone had or what was available to them. It describes a continuous or repeated action or state in the past.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΗΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ
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