2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0591

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-DOH-meh-nos

Translations: having sold, having given back, having paid back, having rendered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apodidomi', meaning 'to give back, pay back, sell, or render'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of selling, giving back, or paying back something. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man, having sold his field...' or 'the servant, having paid back the debt...'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΩΛΕΩ, ἈΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩ

Etymology: The word 'apodidomi' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from, away from') and the verb 'didomi' (meaning 'to give'). Thus, its core meaning is 'to give away' or 'to give back'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0603

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-TEE-may-seh-ohn

Translations: of valuations, of assessments, of registrations, of enrollments, of censuses

Notes: This word refers to the act of valuing or assessing something, often for the purpose of taxation or registration. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'τίμησις' (timēsis), meaning 'valuation' or 'assessment'. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the results or process of such an assessment.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ, ΤΙΜΗ

G4009

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-ras

Translations: end, a limit, a boundary, a goal, a conclusion

Notes: This word refers to an end, a limit, or a boundary. It can denote the termination of something, a physical border, or the ultimate goal or conclusion of an action or process. It is often used to indicate that something is without limit or endless when combined with a negative.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΟΡΙΟΝ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the root *per-, meaning 'to pass through, to go beyond'. It refers to the point where one passes through or reaches the limit.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OO-sohn

Translations: of having, of possessing, of holding, of keeping, of being able

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to multiple feminine subjects who are in the act of having, possessing, or holding something. It is used to modify a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΤΩ͂ΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.

G5144

Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: tree-ah-KOS-toh

Translations: (to) thirtieth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral meaning 'thirtieth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, similar to how 'first', 'second', or 'third' are used in English. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, often used to indicate 'in the thirtieth' (e.g., 'in the thirtieth year').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΑΚΟΣΤΟΣ (triakostos) comes from the Greek word τριάκοντα (triakonta), meaning 'thirty'. The suffix -οστος (-ostos) is used to form ordinal numbers.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ak-TEE-oh

Translations: (to) Actium, (at) Actium

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Actium, a promontory and ancient town in Acarnania, Greece, famous for the naval Battle of Actium in 31 BC, where Octavian (later Augustus) defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra. In the provided context, it is used to indicate the location of this battle.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Etymology: The name 'Actium' is of Greek origin, referring to a promontory. It is derived from the Greek word 'ἀκτή' (aktē), meaning 'shore' or 'promontory'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar-os

Translations: of Caesar

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ah

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This word refers to a high priest, the chief religious official in ancient Israel. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It is used to denote the head of the priestly order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G2689

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-stah-see-ah-STHEN-tah

Translations: having been stirred up, having been incited to sedition, having been thrown into disorder

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katastasiazō', meaning 'to stir up sedition' or 'to throw into disorder'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has been incited to rebellion or has been put into a state of unrest or confusion. It is often used in contexts describing political or social upheaval.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΑΖΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'katastasiazō' is a compound word formed from 'kata' (down, against) and 'stasiazō' (to rebel, to be in sedition), which itself comes from 'stasis' (a standing, a party, a rebellion). Thus, it literally means 'to put down into rebellion' or 'to stir up against'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoo-oss

Translations: (of) multitude, (of) a multitude, (of) crowd, (of) a crowd, (of) throng, (of) a throng, (of) great number, (of) a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number of people or things, a multitude, crowd, or throng. It is often used to describe a large gathering of people. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a multitude' or 'belonging to a crowd'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, meaning 'full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words signifying fullness or abundance.

G0851

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: taking away, removing, cutting off, depriving, having taken away, having removed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ἀφαιρέω' (aphairéō), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of another action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun. It implies an action of separation or deprivation.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0094

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ax-EE-oh-ma

Translations: dignity, a dignity, office, an office, position, a position, honor, an honor, decree, a decree, axiom, an axiom

Notes: This word refers to a position of honor, authority, or public office. It can also denote a recognized truth or principle, like an axiom in mathematics. It describes something considered worthy or valuable, often in the context of status or a formal declaration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΩΜΑ is derived from the verb ἀξιόω (axioō), meaning 'to deem worthy' or 'to demand'. It relates to the concept of worthiness or value.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G0367

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-non

Translations: Ananus, Ananias

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the name Ananus, a common Jewish name in the New Testament period. It is often used to refer to the high priest Ananias. In the provided context, it refers to a specific individual named Ananus, likely the son of Ananias.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ananus is of Hebrew origin, derived from the name Hananiah, meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was a common name among Jews during the Second Temple period.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TAH-tai

Translations: is appointed, is established, is set, is made, is put, is ordained

Notes: This word describes the action of being appointed, established, or set in a particular position or state. It is often used in contexts where someone is being put in charge, or something is being set up or constituted. It can also mean to be made or become something. As a middle/passive voice, it indicates that the subject is receiving the action or acting upon itself.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PHI-lip-pos

Translations: Philip

Notes: This is a masculine proper name, commonly translated as Philip. It refers to several individuals in ancient history, including apostles, kings, and other notable figures. It is used in sentences as the subject of a verb or as a direct object, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Φίλιππος (Philippos) is of Greek origin, derived from the words φίλος (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'lover', and ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. Thus, it literally means 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses'.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAH-teh-ross

Translations: each, each one, both

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'each' or 'each one' of two distinct entities. It is used to refer to one of two individuals or groups, emphasizing their distinctness while still considering them within a pair. It can also be translated as 'both' when referring to two things individually rather than as a collective unit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: From a combination of the prefix 'heka-' (each) and 'heteros' (other). It refers to one of two, or each of two.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G3880

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-ay-lee-PHO-tes

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken over, having accepted, having taken along

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having received' or 'having taken over'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing relevance. It is often used to indicate that someone has come into possession of something, whether physically, intellectually, or by tradition. For example, it could describe someone who has received a teaching, taken over a position, or accepted a gift.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΙ

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TAHN-toh

Translations: they were appointed, they were established, they were set, they were made, they were placed

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'kathistēmi'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where the subjects were being appointed, established, or placed in a position or role. It implies that someone else was doing the appointing or establishing, or that the subjects were appointing/establishing themselves (middle voice).

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: TEI-khi-sas

Translations: having walled, having fortified, having built a wall, having enclosed with a wall

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'τειχίζω' (teichizo), meaning 'to wall' or 'to fortify'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of building a wall or fortifying something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΑΣ, ΕΡΕΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'τειχίζω' (teichizo) is derived from the noun 'τεῖχος' (teichos), meaning 'wall' or 'fortification'. It refers to the act of constructing or enclosing with a wall.

G4392

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-SKHE-ma

Translations: pretext, a pretext, pretense, a pretense, outward show, a show, cloak, a cloak

Notes: This word refers to an outward appearance or a superficial display that serves to conceal the true nature or intention of something. It often implies a deceptive or misleading front, used as an excuse or a cover for ulterior motives. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros, "to, toward") and σχῆμα (schēma, "form, appearance").

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΤΗ

Etymology: The word is derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning "to, toward, in front of," and the noun σχῆμα (schēma), meaning "form, figure, appearance, outward show." Thus, it literally means "that which is put forth as a form or appearance."

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1056

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yoo

Translations: of Galilee, of a Galilean, Galilean, a Galilean

Notes: This word refers to someone or something from Galilee, a region in northern Israel. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as being from Galilee, or as a noun to refer to a person who is a native or inhabitant of Galilee. In the provided context, it refers to 'Judas the Galilean', indicating a person from that region.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin. It means 'circle' or 'district'.

G0058

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-go-REH-yoo-en

Translations: he was speaking, he spoke, he said, he declared

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), which means 'to speak publicly,' 'to declare,' or 'to address an assembly.' It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was speaking to the crowd' or 'He declared his intentions.'

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀγορεύω (agoreuō) comes from ἀγορά (agora), meaning 'assembly' or 'marketplace,' and the suffix -εύω (-euō), which forms verbs indicating an activity related to the noun. Thus, it literally means 'to act in the agora' or 'to speak in the assembly.'

G846

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-toh-KRAH-toh-ree-dah

Translations: emperor, a ruler, sovereign, a commander, an autocrat

Notes: This word refers to an emperor, a supreme ruler, or a sovereign. It describes someone who holds absolute power and authority, often in a military or political context. It is a compound word formed from 'αὐτός' (autos, meaning 'self') and 'κράτος' (kratos, meaning 'power' or 'rule'), literally meaning 'self-ruler'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΚΡΑΤΩΡ (autokrator) is a compound of the Greek words αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and κράτος (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It originally referred to someone who acted on their own authority or was self-sufficient, and later came to denote an absolute ruler or emperor.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-tha-RAM-ftha

Translations: Betharamphtha, Beth-haram

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a specific place. It is a variant spelling or a more complete form of the place name Beth-haram, which was a city in Perea, east of the Jordan River. It was later renamed Livias or Julias by Herod Antipas. It is used to identify the location of this city.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of a Semitic (likely Aramaic or Hebrew) place name, meaning 'house of the high place' or 'house of the height'. It refers to a specific geographical location.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G846

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-toh-KRAH-toh-ross

Translations: of an emperor, of a commander, of an autocrat, of a supreme ruler

Notes: This word refers to a supreme ruler, often an emperor or someone with absolute power. It is a compound word formed from 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'self', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule', thus literally meaning 'self-ruler' or 'one who rules by himself'. It is used to describe someone who holds ultimate authority.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ

G4377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ag-or-YOO-eh

Translations: to address, to salute, to name, to call, to proclaim

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to proclaim'. It is used to describe the act of speaking to someone, addressing them, or giving them a name or title. It can also mean to proclaim or announce something publicly.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΩΝΕΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2680

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-oo-AH-sas

Translations: having prepared, having built, having made ready, having constructed, having furnished

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'κατασκευάζω'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by the subject of the verb. It often functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or describing the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΑΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and 'σκευάζω' (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. The combination suggests a thorough or complete preparation or construction.

G2542

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kai-sa-REH-ee-an

Translations: Caesarea, to Caesarea, into Caesarea

Notes: This word refers to Caesarea, a significant ancient city located on the Mediterranean coast of Judea. It was built by Herod the Great and named in honor of Caesar Augustus. It served as the Roman capital of the province of Judea and was a major port city. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a place where Peter preached and where Paul was imprisoned.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Caesarea" is derived from the Roman imperial title "Caesar," honoring Caesar Augustus. It was a common practice for cities founded or significantly developed under Roman rule to be named after the emperor.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3930

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-as-KHOHN

Translations: having provided, having supplied, having offered, having granted, having caused, having presented, having given, having afforded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to offer'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is completed. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of providing or supplying something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the one having provided the food' or 'he, having offered help, departed'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΠΟΙΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G240

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-lay

Translations: another, other, a different one

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ἈΛΛΟΣ', meaning 'another' or 'other'. It is used to refer to a distinct or different entity from one already mentioned or implied. In the provided examples, it appears as part of the reciprocal pronoun 'ἀλλήλων' (one another), but 'ἈΛΛΗ' itself, when standing alone, refers to a feminine singular 'other' or 'another'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Dative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ

G3674

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOH-noo-mon

Translations: homonymous, having the same name, a homonym

Notes: This word describes something that shares the same name as something else. It is used to indicate that two or more entities bear the identical name, often leading to potential confusion or requiring clarification. For example, a tower might be called 'homonymous' if it shares its name with a person.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ὁμο- (homo-), meaning 'same', and ὄνυμα (onyma), an Aeolic form of ὄνομα (onoma), meaning 'name'. Thus, it literally means 'having the same name'.

G1304

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-PON-tos

Translations: of managing, of administering, of governing, of conducting, of carrying on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διέπω', meaning 'to manage', 'to administer', or 'to govern'. It describes an ongoing action of someone who is in charge or carrying out a task. It is often used to indicate who is in control or responsible for a particular situation or domain.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΔΙΕΞΑΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word διέπω (diepō) is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ἔπω (epō), meaning 'to be busy with' or 'to handle'.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FAYN

Translations: I said, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'he/she/it said' depending on the context. It can refer to a specific utterance or a general statement made previously.

Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, Singular, First or Third Person

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb φημί (phēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- meaning 'to speak, tell, say'. It is related to Latin fari ('to speak') and English 'ban' (in the sense of proclamation).

G2954

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: koo-ree-NEE-oh

Translations: to Quirinius

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Quirinius'. Quirinius was a Roman senator who served as governor of Syria, notably during the time of the census mentioned in the Gospel of Luke. As a proper noun, it refers to a specific person and is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, hence 'to Quirinius'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Quirinius' is of Latin origin, referring to Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, a Roman statesman and military leader.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAS-seh-tai

Translations: is done, is performed, is practiced, is carried out, is accomplished

Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, meaning 'it is done' or 'it is being done'. It describes an action or activity that is being carried out or accomplished by someone or something else. It can refer to actions, deeds, or affairs that are in progress or completed.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΑΣΣΩ (prassō) comes from an older form *πράττω (prattō), which is related to the noun πρᾶξις (praxis), meaning 'a doing, a deed'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be from a pre-Greek substrate.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-ZOO-mon

Translations: of unleavened (things), of unleavened bread, of the Feast of Unleavened Bread

Notes: This word refers to something that is unleavened, meaning it has not been raised with yeast or leaven. It is commonly used in the context of bread, specifically unleavened bread, which is flat and crisp. In a broader sense, it can refer to the Jewish Feast of Unleavened Bread (Passover), during which only unleavened bread is consumed. It is an adjective that is often used substantively as a noun.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΖΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἄζυμος (azymos) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ζύμη (zymē), meaning 'leaven' or 'yeast'. Thus, it literally means 'without leaven'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-go-MEH-nays

Translations: being led, being brought, being kept, being celebrated, being held, being driven

Notes: This word is a present participle, indicating an ongoing action. It comes from the verb 'ἄγω' (agō), which means 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Depending on the context, it can refer to something being led, brought, driven, or even a festival or assembly being held or celebrated. It often describes an event or process that is currently taking place.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕΧΟΜΕΝΗΣ

G3957

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAS-kha

Translations: Passover

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Passover, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. It is a central event in the Old Testament and is observed annually. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΣΧΑ" is a transliteration of the Aramaic word "pasḥā" (פַּסְחָא), which itself comes from the Hebrew word "pesaḥ" (פֶּסַח). This Hebrew word is derived from the verb "pasach" (פָּסַח), meaning "to pass over" or "to spare," referring to the angel of death passing over the houses of the Israelites during the tenth plague in Egypt.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LOO-men

Translations: we call, we invite, we name, we summon

Notes: This word means 'we call' or 'we invite'. It is used to describe the action of a group of people (specifically, 'we') performing the act of calling, inviting, naming, or summoning someone or something. For example, 'we call him by this name' or 'we invite them to the feast'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- ('to shout, to call'). It is related to Latin calo ('to call out, summon') and Old English hild ('battle, strife', originally 'noise, clamor').

G0455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NOY-gnoo-nahy

Translations: to open, to unseal, to disclose

Notes: This word means 'to open' or 'to unseal'. It can be used literally, such as opening a door or a book, or figuratively, such as opening one's eyes to understanding, or opening a way or opportunity. It can also refer to disclosing or revealing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΩ, ΑΝΟΙΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνοίγω (anoígō, “to open”), from ἀνά (aná, “up”) + οἴγνυμι (oígnymi, “to open”).

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-RAY-tee

Translations: Samaritans

Notes: This word refers to the Samaritans, an ethnoreligious group of the Levant. They are descendants of the ancient Israelites and have their own distinct religious traditions, which differ from Judaism. In ancient times, they were often in conflict with the Jews.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Samaritan" comes from the Greek Σαμάρεια (Samareia), which refers to the region of Samaria, the central region of ancient Israel. The name of the region itself is derived from the Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֹן (Shomron), the name of the ancient capital city of the Kingdom of Israel.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G0043

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-throh-PEY-ohn

Translations: of human, of human beings, of human things, human

Notes: This word is an adjective derived from the noun 'man' or 'human being'. It describes something as belonging to, characteristic of, or pertaining to humans or humanity. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their connection to human nature or affairs.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΝΩΝ

Etymology: The root word ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), or from ἀναθρέω (anathreō, 'to look up'). It refers to a human being, distinguishing them from animals or gods.

G4744

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stoh-A-ees

Translations: to porticoes, to colonnades, to porches, to stoas

Notes: This word refers to a portico, colonnade, or porch, typically a covered walkway supported by columns. It was a common architectural feature in ancient Greek and Roman cities, often used as a public gathering place or market. In the provided context, it refers to the porticoes of a temple or other building where guards might be stationed or people might gather.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΤΥΛΟΝ, ΠΡΟΠΥΛΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΣΤΟΑ' (stoa) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stand'. It refers to a standing structure, specifically a covered walkway or portico.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zon-tes

Translations: thinking, supposing, believing, considering, practicing, accustomed

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes an ongoing action of holding an opinion, believing something to be true, or being accustomed to a practice. It can be used to describe someone who is under the impression of something or who habitually does something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fy-LAH-kays

Translations: (of) guard, (of) prison, (of) watch, (of) custody, (of) a guard, (of) a prison, (of) a watch, (of) a custody

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding, a place of confinement like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can also refer to the people who are guarding or keeping watch. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the guard' or 'belonging to the prison'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G1877

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pah-nah-khoh-REH-ee

Translations: returns, goes back, withdraws, retreats

Notes: This word describes the action of returning, going back, or withdrawing to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a movement in reverse, often implying a departure from a current location to an earlier one.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἐπι- (epi-, meaning 'upon, to, in addition'), the prefix ἀνα- (ana-, meaning 'up, back, again'), and the verb χωρέω (chōreō, meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'). Thus, it literally means 'to go back again upon' or 'to return back'.

G1249

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-dokh-os

Translations: successor, a successor

Notes: This word refers to a successor, someone who takes the place of another, especially in an office, position, or lineage. It is often used to describe someone who follows in the footsteps of a predecessor, inheriting their role or responsibilities. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, 'through, across') and δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive, accept').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΟΝΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΔΟΧΟΣ is derived from the Greek preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. It literally means 'one who receives through' or 'one who takes over'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3179

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tas-TAH-sa

Translations: having departed, having removed, having changed, having transferred

Notes: This is the aorist active participle, singular, feminine, nominative of the verb μεταΐστημι (metaïstēmi). It means to remove, to depart, to change one's position, or to transfer. It is often used to describe a change of place or state, such as departing from life or changing one's mind.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΑΣΑ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΣΑ

Etymology: The word μεταΐστημι is a compound of μετά (metá), meaning 'with, after, or denoting change', and ἵστημι (hístēmi), meaning 'to stand, to set'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand in a changed way' or 'to change one's standing'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LEI-pei

Translations: leaves behind, forsakes, abandons, remains, bequeaths

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. It means to leave behind, abandon, forsake, or to cause to remain. It can also mean to bequeath something, like an inheritance. It is used to describe someone or something being left in a particular state or place, often with a sense of abandonment or remaining.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G2590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-POS

Translations: fruit, a fruit, crop, produce, result, profit, deed

Notes: This word refers to the literal fruit of plants, trees, or the earth, such as a crop or produce. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the outcome or result of an action, effort, or life, often translated as 'fruit' in the sense of 'the fruit of one's labor' or 'the fruit of the Spirit'. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since classical times.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-RIS-tos

Translations: best, excellent, noble, good, a best, an excellent

Notes: This word means 'best' or 'most excellent'. It describes something or someone of the highest quality, whether in terms of skill, virtue, or general goodness. It can be used to describe a person who is outstanding in their field, like an excellent pilot or a noble individual, or to describe something that is superior in quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From an intensive form of the root *ar-, meaning 'to fit together, to be good'. It is related to words signifying 'excellence' or 'virtue'.

G1237

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-DEH-kheh-tai

Translations: succeeds, takes over, inherits, follows

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through, across) and 'δέχομαι' (to receive, accept). It means to succeed someone in office or position, to take over from another, or to follow in sequence. It is used to describe the act of one person or thing taking the place of another.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word διαδέχομαι (diadechomai) is a compound verb derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Its etymology reflects the idea of receiving something in succession or taking over from another.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN

Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G1208

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ros

Translations: second, a second

Notes: This word means 'second' in terms of order, rank, or time. It is used to indicate the item or person that follows the first in a sequence. As an adjective, it modifies nouns and agrees with them in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This adjective inflects for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).

Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to follow'. It is related to the concept of 'two' but specifically denotes the ordinal position.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ow-toh-KRAH-tor

Translations: absolute ruler, sovereign, emperor, a sovereign, an emperor, having full power, independent, self-ruling

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'αὐτός' (autos, meaning 'self') and 'κράτος' (kratos, meaning 'power' or 'rule'). It describes someone who has absolute power or is self-ruling. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as having full power or being independent, or as a noun referring to a sovereign, emperor, or absolute ruler. It emphasizes complete authority and independence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'Αὐτοκράτωρ' is a compound of 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'self', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It literally means 'self-ruler' or 'one who rules by oneself'. It was used in ancient Greek to describe someone with absolute authority and later became a title for emperors.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noo

Translations: (of) time, time

Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.

G5086

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: tee-BEH-ree-os

Translations: Tiberius

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Tiberius Caesar Augustus, the second Roman Emperor. It is used to identify the historical figure in texts. In Koine Greek, proper nouns like this do not inflect for case or gender in the same way common nouns do, but their endings may change to fit Greek grammatical patterns.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Tiberius' is of Latin origin, derived from the Tiber River in Italy. It was a common Roman praenomen (given name) and later became associated with the Roman imperial family.

G2456

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-LEE-as

Translations: of Julia

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Julia'. Julia was a very common Roman family name, particularly associated with the gens Julia, a prominent patrician family of ancient Rome. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of Julia' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Julia' is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman family name 'Iulius' (Julius). It is believed to be connected to the Roman god Jupiter or to mean 'downy-bearded' or 'youthful'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G3918, G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEN

Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging

Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G1883

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-AR-khos

Translations: governor, a governor, prefect, a prefect, ruler, a ruler

Notes: This word refers to a high-ranking official or administrator, such as a governor or prefect, who has authority over a specific region or province. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'over' or 'upon', and the noun 'ἄρχων' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. It describes someone who exercises authority over others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'over' or 'upon', and the noun 'ἄρχων' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. It denotes one who is 'over' or 'in charge' as a ruler.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oo-ah-LEH-ree-os

Translations: Valerius

Notes: This is a Roman proper name, specifically a nomen (family name) or cognomen (additional family name or nickname). It refers to a male individual belonging to the Valerian gens (clan) or bearing this name. It is used in sentences to identify a specific person, similar to how 'John' or 'Smith' would be used in English.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Valerius is of Latin origin, derived from the Latin verb 'valere', meaning 'to be strong, healthy, or valiant'. It was a prominent Roman nomen gentile (family name).

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3973

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: PAW-sas

Translations: having ceased, having stopped, stopping, ceasing

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παύω' (paúō), meaning 'to stop' or 'to cease'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often functioning adverbially to indicate the time or manner of the main verb's action. In this form, it means 'having stopped' or 'having ceased'. It can be used to describe someone who has brought an action to an end.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΣΑΣ, ΛΗΞΑΣ

G2407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hee-eh-RAH-sthai

Translations: to be a priest, to serve as a priest, to officiate as a priest

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be a priest' or 'to serve as a priest'. It describes the action of performing priestly duties or holding the office of a priest. It is often used in contexts related to religious service or temple functions.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΩ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἱεράομαι (hieráomai) is derived from ἱερός (hierós), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy'. It signifies the act of being or becoming sacred, or performing sacred duties.

G0669

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-FAH-ee-nay

Translations: he shows, he declares, he reveals, he demonstrates, he makes known, he points out

Notes: This verb means to show forth, declare, reveal, or make known. It is used to indicate the act of bringing something into clear view or making it evident, often through speech or demonstration. For example, one might 'show' or 'declare' a truth, a decision, or a fact.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ͂ΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΊΝΩ, ΔΗΛΌΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to show' or 'to appear'. Thus, it literally means 'to show forth from' or 'to make appear from'.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-THISS-tahss

Translations: having removed, having displaced, having transferred, having departed, having turned away

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle (masculine, nominative, singular) of the verb μεθίστημι (methistēmi). It is a compound word formed from μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The verb generally means to remove, displace, or transfer someone or something from one place or state to another. It can also imply a change of position or a departure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G0584

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-noo-sin

Translations: shows, demonstrates, proves, points out, appoints, declares

Notes: This word means to show, demonstrate, or prove something, often with a sense of making it clear or evident. It can also mean to point out or to appoint someone to a position. It is used to indicate a clear and decisive presentation of facts or a formal designation.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and δείκνυμι (deiknymi, 'to show, to point out'). It literally means 'to show forth' or 'to point out from'.

G1230

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-geh-NO-meh-noo

Translations: having passed, having elapsed, after

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'διαγίνομαι' (diaginomai), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to elapse'. It describes an action that has occurred or a period of time that has passed. It is often used to indicate that something happened after a certain amount of time or an event had concluded.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G3588, G1211

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TON-deh

Translations: this, this one, the one here

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'this one'. It is a compound word formed from the accusative masculine singular definite article 'τόν' (the) and the enclitic particle '-δε' (here, this). It is used to point out something specific that is near or present, often emphasizing its proximity or immediate relevance. It functions similarly to 'this' in English, indicating a specific item or person.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the definite article 'ὁ' (ho), which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root, and the enclitic particle '-δε' (de), which is related to demonstrative adverbs and pronouns.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-MOH-nee

Translations: (to) Simon

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Simon'. Simon was a very common name in the ancient world, particularly among Jews, and is borne by several significant figures in the Bible, including Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, and Simon of Cyrene. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to Simon' or 'for Simon'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Simon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Shim'on (שִׁמְעוֹן), meaning 'he has heard' or 'hearing'. It was a very common name among Jews during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kah-MEE-thoo

Translations: of Kamithos

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Kamithos. It refers to someone named Kamithos and indicates possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Kamithos' or 'Kamithos's'. It is likely a personal name, but its specific identity or historical context is not widely documented in standard Koine Greek lexicons.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The etymology of 'Kamithos' is uncertain. It appears to be a personal name, possibly of Semitic or local origin, but specific information regarding its historical development is not readily available.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or position of a high priest. It is a compound word, combining 'ἈΡΧΙ' (archi), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', with 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (hierosyne), meaning 'priesthood'. It describes the state or function of being a high priest, often in a religious or ceremonial context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (archierōsynē) is derived from the combination of the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and the noun ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-do-sin

Translations: he delivers, he hands over, he commits, he entrusts, he betrays, he gives up, he yields

Notes: This verb describes the action of delivering something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can mean to hand over, to commit, to entrust, or even to betray, depending on the context. It is often used in the sense of giving up or yielding something.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-ohn

Translations: more, greater, much, many

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater' in quantity, number, or degree. It is often used to compare one thing to another, indicating an excess or superiority. It can also simply mean 'much' or 'many' when the comparison is implied or less explicit.

Inflection: Comparative adjective, inflects for gender (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter), number (Singular, Plural), and case (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative).

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOH-deh

Translations: (to) this, (to) this one, (to) this place, here

Notes: ΤΩΔΕ is the dative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΔΕ, meaning 'this here' or 'this very'. It is used to refer to something specific and immediately present or close at hand, often emphasizing its proximity or immediacy. It functions as 'to this' or 'in this' when used with a noun, or 'to this one' or 'here' when used substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon-tee

Translations: (to) having, (to) holding, (to) possessing, (to) being, (to) keeping, (to) wearing, (to) carrying

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the dative case, it often indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, or it can denote possession or association, translating as 'to the one having' or 'to him who has'. It can also convey the idea of 'being in a state of' or 'wearing/carrying something'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΙ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔχω' (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession, state, or action.

G1230

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: passed through, passed by, elapsed, intervened

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this form, it means 'to pass through', 'to pass by', or 'to elapse', often referring to time passing. It describes an action that has occurred or a period of time that has gone by.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. The root γίνομαι comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to birth and coming into being.

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-OH-say-poss

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the male personal name Joseph. It is a common name in biblical texts, appearing frequently in both the Old and New Testaments. It is used to identify individuals, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ἸΩΣΗΠΟΣ (Iōsēpos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'May he add'. It was a very common name among Jews and was transliterated into Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: PRAX-as

Translations: having done, having accomplished, doing, performing, when he did, after he did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is concurrent with the main verb of the sentence, often indicating the means or circumstance of the main action. It can function adjectivally, adverbially, or substantivally, depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G1877

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pan-ekh-OH-rei

Translations: he was returning, he returned, he was going back, he went back

Notes: This word describes the action of returning or going back to a previous place or state. It is often used to indicate a movement back, as in 'he returned to the city' or 'he went back to his home.'

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΡΕΧΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπανχωρέω (epanachōreō) is a compound verb formed from three parts: ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to'), ἀνά (ana, 'up, back'), and χωρέω (chōreō, 'to go, to make room'). This combination literally means 'to go back upon' or 'to go back up to', conveying the sense of returning.

G1304

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-TREEP-sas

Translations: having spent, having passed, having stayed, having tarried, having lingered

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'διατρίβω' (diatribō), which means 'to spend time', 'to pass time', 'to stay', or 'to tarry'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of spending or passing time in a particular place or activity.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

G4194

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PON-tee-os

Translations: Pontius

Notes: Pontius is a proper noun referring to a Roman family name. In the New Testament, it specifically refers to Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea who presided over the trial of Jesus. It is used to identify this specific historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Pontius is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens (clan) name Pontius. It is believed to be connected to the region of Pontus in Asia Minor, or possibly to the Latin word 'pontus' meaning 'sea'.

G5076

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tet-RAR-khees

Translations: tetrarch, a tetrarch

Notes: This word refers to a ruler of a fourth part of a region or province. It is a compound word derived from 'τετρα-' (tetra-), meaning 'four', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'dominion'. In the Roman Empire, a tetrarch was a subordinate ruler, often governing a smaller division of a territory, typically one of four such divisions. It is used to describe a political leader with limited authority over a specific region.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix 'τετρα-' (tetra-), meaning 'four', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'dominion'. It describes a ruler of a fourth part of a territory, a system of governance that became prominent in the Roman Empire.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5373

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LEE-as

Translations: of friendship, of affection, of love

Notes: This word refers to the bond of friendship, affection, or love between individuals. It describes a close relationship characterized by mutual regard and goodwill. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the nature of a relationship or the quality of affection, often appearing in a genitive construction to show possession or origin, such as 'the bond of friendship'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΕΡΩΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΙΑ (philia) comes from the Greek word φίλος (philos), meaning 'beloved, dear, friendly'. It is related to the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love, to be fond of'.

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EL-thohn

Translations: having gone forth, having gone forward, having come forth, having advanced, having proceeded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forth' or 'to go forward'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to modify the main verb in a sentence. It indicates that someone or something has moved from one place to another, or advanced in some way, before the action of the main verb takes place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩΝ

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEH-tay

Translations: is being built, is built, is edified, is established

Notes: This word describes the process of building, constructing, or erecting something, often a physical structure like a house or temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to build up, edify, or establish, referring to the spiritual or moral development of a person or community. In this form, it indicates that the action is being done to the subject (passive voice) and is happening in the present time.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G2034

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-OH-noo-mon

Translations: eponymous, named after, bearing the name of, a namesake

Notes: This word describes something that is named after a person, place, or thing. It indicates that the subject bears the name of someone or something else, often to honor or commemorate them. For example, a building might be 'eponymous' if it is named after its founder.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ὈΝΟΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ὈΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΩΝΥΜΟΣ (epōnymos) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'after', and ὄνομα (onoma), meaning 'name'. Thus, it literally means 'upon a name' or 'named after'.

G2909

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kra-TIS-toys

Translations: best, strongest, most excellent, most powerful, most noble, most honorable

Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'strong' or 'powerful', meaning 'strongest' or 'most powerful'. It can also refer to someone or something that is 'best', 'most excellent', 'most noble', or 'most honorable'. It is often used as a respectful address, similar to 'most excellent sir' or 'your excellency'. In the provided examples, it seems to refer to the 'best' or 'most excellent' things or people.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΒΕΛΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ (kratistos) is the superlative form of the adjective κρατύς (kratys), meaning 'strong' or 'mighty'. It is related to the noun κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength', 'power', or 'dominion'.

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pik-TEE-sas

Translations: having built upon, having founded, having established

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, masculine, singular, nominative, derived from the verb ἐπικτίζω. It means 'having built upon' or 'having founded'. It describes an action completed in the past, often indicating that something was built or established in addition to or on top of something else. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun and indicating that the noun performed the action of building or founding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΙΔΡΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐπικτίζω (epiktízō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb κτίζω (ktízō), meaning 'to build' or 'to create'. Thus, it literally means 'to build upon' or 'to found in addition'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: am-ma-THOOS

Translations: Ammarthous, Emmaus, Hammath

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a specific place. It is a town or locality, often identified with Emmaus or Hammath, known for its hot springs. The name itself is sometimes interpreted as meaning 'hot' or 'hot springs'. It is used to refer to the location itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Accusative

Etymology: The name is of Semitic origin, likely from Hebrew 'Hammath' (חַמָּת), meaning 'hot springs' or 'hot place', referring to the thermal baths found there.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G4844

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soong-KLOO-des

Translations: mixed multitude, rabble, riff-raff

Notes: This word refers to a mixed multitude or a rabble, often implying a disorderly or undesirable group of people. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'κλύδων' (a wave, surge), suggesting a 'surging together' or a 'confused mass'. It is typically used to describe a diverse and often unruly crowd.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΛΥΔΗΣ is derived from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun κλύδων (klydōn), meaning 'wave' or 'surge'. The combination suggests a 'surging together' or a 'confused mass', leading to the meaning of a mixed multitude or rabble.

G3611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-KEE-san

Translations: they settled, they colonized, they inhabited

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to settle', 'to colonize', or 'to inhabit'. It describes the action of establishing a dwelling place or a community. It is used to indicate that a group of people established themselves in a location.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΖΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling', and the suffix -ίζω (-izō), which forms verbs indicating an action related to the root noun.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G1056

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-ee-on

Translations: Galilean, a Galilean, the Galilean

Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Galilee, a region in northern ancient Israel. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as being from Galilee, or as a noun to refer to a person from Galilee. For example, one might speak of 'the Galilean sea' or 'a Galilean man'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Etymology: The word is derived from Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region in northern ancient Israel. It is a geographical designation.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G0317

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAS-toy

Translations: compelled, forced, constrained, involuntary

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is compelled, forced, or constrained to act, rather than acting willingly. It indicates an action or state that is involuntary, done out of necessity or under duress. It is often used to describe people who are under compulsion.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΙΟΣ, ἈΚΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΓΚΑΣΤΟΣ (anagkastos) is derived from the verb ἈΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ (anagkazo), meaning 'to compel' or 'to force', which in turn comes from the noun ἈΝΑΓΚΗ (anagkē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'.

G2733

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-KEE-ahn

Translations: dwelling, a dwelling, habitation, a habitation, house, a house

Notes: This word refers to a place of residence, a dwelling, or a habitation. It is used to describe a physical structure where someone lives, such as a house, or more broadly, a place where one resides. It can be used in both literal and figurative senses.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κατοικέω (katoikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which is itself from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to live'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-GOH-meh-noy

Translations: being led, being brought, being carried, being driven

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of being led, brought, or carried. It often indicates a state of being under someone else's direction or control, such as 'those who are being led' or 'while being brought'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΛΚΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἄγω (agō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, pull, move'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in Greek.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ee

Translations: he completes, she completes, it completes, he finishes, she finishes, it finishes, he performs, she performs, it performs, he fulfills, she fulfills, it fulfills, he pays, she pays, it pays

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to complete,' 'to finish,' 'to perform,' 'to fulfill,' or 'to pay.' It is used to describe the bringing of something to an end or to its intended purpose. For example, one might 'complete' a task, 'fulfill' a prophecy, or 'pay' a tax.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEK-sah-toh

Translations: he received, she received, it received, he accepted, she accepted, it accepted, he took, she took, it took

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb 'δέχομαι'. It means 'he/she/it received', 'accepted', or 'took'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It can be used in contexts of receiving guests, accepting teachings, or taking something into possession.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: soon-oy-KOOS

Translations: cohabiting, dwelling with, living together, those who live together, a cohabitant

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συν-οικέω' (syn-oikeō), meaning 'to dwell with' or 'to cohabit'. It can function as a participle, describing someone who is dwelling with another, or as a noun, referring to those who live together or a cohabitant. The form 'ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΣ' specifically indicates the accusative plural for masculine or feminine, or the genitive singular for masculine or neuter.

Inflection: Accusative Plural, Masculine or Feminine; or Genitive Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'οἰκέω' (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'.

G3839

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-takh-O-then

Translations: from all sides, from every direction, on every side, everywhere

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from all directions' or 'on every side'. It is used to indicate that something originates from, or is present in, every possible direction or location. It conveys a sense of comprehensiveness or universality regarding origin or presence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΥ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

Etymology: This word is formed from the root 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', combined with a suffix indicating 'from a place'. It denotes 'from all places' or 'from every direction'.

G0640

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-POH-roos

Translations: poor, destitute, without resources, in want, helpless, perplexed

Notes: This word describes someone who is without means or resources, often implying poverty or destitution. It can also refer to someone who is at a loss, perplexed, or without a way forward. It is used to describe individuals or groups lacking necessary provisions or solutions.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΗΣ, ΕΝΔΕΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΡΟΣ comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'without a way' or 'without resources'.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G2532, G1909

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-pee

Translations: and, also, even, upon, on, over, to, against, at, in, by

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai, meaning 'and', 'also', or 'even') and the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi, meaning 'upon', 'on', 'over', 'to', 'against', 'at', 'in', or 'by'). It functions as both 'and' and 'upon/on/etc.' simultaneously, indicating that something is 'and also upon' or 'and even on' a particular place or object. The specific meaning of 'ἐπί' depends on the case of the noun it governs (genitive, dative, or accusative).

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is a crasis of an uninflected conjunction and a preposition)

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΕΠΙ

G1659

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-le-oo-THEH-roh-sen

Translations: he freed, he liberated, he set free

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to set free' or 'to liberate'. It describes the action of releasing someone or something from bondage, slavery, or any form of restraint. It is used to indicate that a person or entity performed the act of freeing another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΎΩ, ΛΎΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΌΩ (eleutheróō) comes from the adjective ἐλεύθερος (eleútheros), meaning 'free'. The verb form means 'to make free' or 'to set free'.

G2109

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-er-geh-TEH-sen

Translations: he did good, he benefited, he showed kindness, he conferred benefits

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to do good to someone,' 'to benefit,' or 'to show kindness.' It describes an action where one person provides help, advantage, or a favor to another. It is often used in contexts where someone has conferred a benefit or acted beneficently towards another individual or group.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΕΩ, ΑΓΑΘΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word Εὐεργετέω (euergeteo) is a compound word derived from two Greek elements: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed.' Thus, it literally means 'to do good work' or 'to perform good deeds.'

G0318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAS-mah

Translations: compulsion, necessity, a necessity, constraint, force, distress

Notes: This word refers to a state of being compelled or forced to do something, or the act of compulsion itself. It can also denote a situation of necessity or distress. It is often used to describe an unavoidable obligation or a strong pressure that leads to a particular action.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΚΗ, ΒΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΗ

Etymology: The word ἀνάγκασμα (anankasma) is derived from the verb ἀναγκάζω (anankazo), meaning 'to compel' or 'to force', which itself comes from ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'.

G0620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LIP-sin

Translations: to leave behind, to abandon, to forsake, to fail, to be lacking

Notes: This word is the aorist or future active infinitive form of the verb ἀπολείπω. It is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and λείπω (leipo), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. Therefore, it means 'to leave away from', 'to leave behind', or 'to abandon'. It can also mean 'to fail' or 'to be lacking' in a certain quality or quantity. It is used to describe the act of departing from something or someone, or the state of something being insufficient.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist or Future, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ἘΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπολείπω is derived from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb λείπω (leipo), meaning 'to leave' or 'to be lacking'. This combination emphasizes the act of leaving something behind or abandoning it.

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pi-THEYS

Translations: to lay upon, to place upon, to put upon, to impose, to inflict

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (to place, to put). It generally means to lay something upon something else, to place or put upon, or to impose. It can be used in various contexts, such as laying hands on someone, placing a burden, or inflicting a punishment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Optative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΙΦΕΡΩ

G2682

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-skye-VAH-ees

Translations: preparations, equipment, arrangements, constructions, structures, of preparations, of equipment, of arrangements, of constructions, of structures

Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing or equipping something, or the resulting product of such an act, such as a structure or piece of equipment. It is often used in the plural to denote various preparations or arrangements. It can also refer to the construction or building of something.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΗ

G3613

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-KAY-seh-ohn

Translations: of dwellings, of habitations, of houses, of abodes

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, habitation, or house. It is used to describe a physical structure where one lives or resides. In the provided examples, it refers to buildings or rooms that are filled or constructed.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which itself comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

G3891

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-RA-no-mon

Translations: unlawful, illegal, lawless, wicked, an unlawful thing

Notes: This word describes something that is contrary to law, illegal, or lawless. It can refer to actions, things, or persons that violate established legal or moral codes. It is used to denote a state of being outside the bounds of what is permissible or just.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΘΕΜΙΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, contrary to', and νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law'. Thus, it literally means 'contrary to law'.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: TAY-deh

Translations: to this, by this, with this, in this, here, in this place, in this way

Notes: ΤΗΔΕ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΔΕ, meaning 'this' or 'here'. As a dative singular feminine form, it can mean 'to/by/with/in this' (referring to a feminine noun). It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'in this place', or 'in this way'. It is used to point out something specific that is near or present.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΩΔΕ

G337

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nee-RAY-meh-noys

Translations: to those who have been taken up, to those who have been destroyed, to those who have been killed, to those who have been put to death

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, dative plural, derived from the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). The verb ἀναιρέω has a range of meanings, including 'to take up,' 'to lift up,' 'to destroy,' or 'to kill/put to death.' In its passive form, it refers to something or someone that has been taken up, destroyed, or killed. As a dative plural, it indicates the recipients or beneficiaries of this action, often translated as 'to those who have been...' or 'for those who have been...'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΩΛΟΙΣ, ΤΕΘΝΕΩΣΙΝ, ἈΝΗΡΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G3394

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mee-ah-ROOS

Translations: defiled, unclean, polluted, abominable, vile, of defiled ones, of unclean ones, defiled ones, unclean ones

Notes: This word describes something that is ritually or morally impure, defiled, or polluted. It can refer to people, things, or actions that are considered unclean or abominable. It is used to emphasize a state of impurity that makes something unfit for sacred use or morally reprehensible.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Genitive Singular; or Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ, ΑΝΟΣΙΟΣ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From μιάνω (miainō, "to stain, defile"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *mey- ("to stain, soil").

G3545

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NO-mee-mon

Translations: lawful, customary, legal, proper, a custom, what is lawful

Notes: This word describes something that is in accordance with law, custom, or established practice. As an adjective, it means 'lawful' or 'customary'. As a noun, it refers to 'what is lawful' or 'a custom'. It can be used to describe actions, regulations, or traditions that are considered legitimate or proper.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΙΜΟΣ is derived from the Greek word ΝΟΜΟΣ (NOMOS), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. It refers to that which is in accordance with the law or established custom.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEES

Translations: of a plot, of a conspiracy, of a design, of a scheme, of an ambush

Notes: This word refers to a plot, conspiracy, or treacherous design, often with malicious intent. It describes a secret plan or scheme, typically to harm someone or achieve an illicit goal. It is used to describe the nature of such a plan.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΜΗΧΑΝΗ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the noun ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel', 'plan', or 'will'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'a counsel upon'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nohn

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, of those who became, of those who happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action that has already occurred. It can describe a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

Etymology: The word 'ginomai' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: thess-MOO-sah

Translations: Thesmousa

Notes: This is a proper noun, likely the name of a person. In the provided context, it appears to be the name of an Italian slave girl. Proper nouns like names do not typically have a direct meaning in the same way common nouns do, but they identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The etymology of the name Thesmousa is not readily available, as it appears to be a rare or specific personal name rather than a common Greek word with a clear derivation from a known root.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G1431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-reh-OHN

Translations: of gifts, of a gift, of presents

Notes: This word refers to something given freely, a present, or a gratuity. It is used to denote a benefit or blessing bestowed upon someone without expectation of return. In a sentence, it would typically follow a verb or preposition that indicates possession or origin, such as 'the greatness of the gifts' or 'to partake of the promised gifts'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΟΣΙΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΩΡΕΑ (dōrea) comes from the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It refers to the act or result of giving, specifically a gift or present.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-plah-GAYSS

Translations: astonished, amazed, struck with amazement, utterly astounded

Notes: This word describes being utterly astonished, amazed, or struck with great wonder, often to the point of being overwhelmed or dumbfounded. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something surprising or extraordinary. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of astonishment or the manner in which an action is performed due to astonishment.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. The compound verb literally means 'to strike down' or 'to strike completely', evolving to mean 'to strike with amazement' or 'to overwhelm'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pro-ee-ON-tos

Translations: (of) going forward, (of) going on, (of) advancing, (of) proceeding

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine/neuter form of the present participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It describes something that is in the process of moving forward or progressing. In a sentence, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the subject of the action 'going forward' in a genitive construction, such as 'of the one going forward' or 'as it goes forward'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G5093

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TI-mi-an

Translations: precious, valuable, honorable, esteemed, a precious, a valuable, an honorable, an esteemed

Notes: This word describes something or someone as precious, valuable, or held in high esteem. It is used to indicate worth or honor. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΙΟΣ (timios) is derived from the noun ΤΙΜΗ (timē), meaning 'honor, price, value'. It describes something possessing or worthy of honor or value.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-gen

Translations: he led, he brought, he drove, he carried

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἄγω' (agō). It describes an action of leading, bringing, driving, or carrying that occurred in the past. The specific nuance often depends on the context, but it generally refers to someone or something being moved or guided by another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ, ΟΔΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GON-oo-ee-ah

Translations: having become, having happened, having come into being, having arisen, having been made, having been born

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having become' or 'having happened'. It describes a state of being or an event that has already occurred and whose effects are still present. It is often used to describe something that has come into existence or has been brought about. For example, 'the thing having happened' or 'the woman who has become'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗ, ΓΕΓΕΝΗΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or happening.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-nee-so-MEH-neen

Translations: about to be, going to be, future, that which will come to pass

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a future participle, it describes something that is 'about to be' or 'going to happen'. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, and indicates an event or state that is impending or destined to occur. For example, it could describe 'the coming kingdom' or 'the things that are about to happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Future, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΥΣΑΝ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΗΝ

G0607

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ap-os-KEV-ees

Translations: of baggage, of equipment, of goods, of possessions

Notes: This word refers to baggage, equipment, or possessions, especially those carried on a journey or by an army. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'σκευή' (skeue), meaning 'equipment' or 'gear'. It is typically used to describe the collective items that people carry with them.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΕΥΗ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and σκευή (skeue), meaning 'equipment' or 'gear'.

G3180

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mee-kha-nee-THEY-sees

Translations: having been devised, having been contrived, having been planned, having been plotted, of having been devised, of having been contrived, of having been planned, of having been plotted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μηχανάομαι', meaning 'to devise, contrive, or plot'. It describes something that has been planned or brought about through cunning or skill, often with a negative connotation of scheming or plotting. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and indicates an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Feminine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΘΕΙΣΗΣ, ΕΠΙΝΟΗΘΕΙΣΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΣΘΕΙΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'μηχανάομαι' comes from 'μηχανή' (mēkhanē), meaning 'machine, device, contrivance', which itself is related to 'μῆχος' (mēkhos), meaning 'means, remedy'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEI-thei

Translations: he persuades, she persuades, it persuades, he trusts, she trusts, it trusts, he obeys, she obeys, it obeys

Notes: This word means to persuade, to convince, or to win over. It can also mean to trust or to obey, especially in the perfect tense (πεποιθέναι) where it signifies a state of having been persuaded, hence trusting or being confident. It is used to describe the act of influencing someone's opinion or actions, or the state of being convinced or compliant.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

G1603

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-PEM-pine

Translations: to send out, to send forth, to dispatch

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and the verb 'πέμπω' (to send). It means to send someone or something out, away, or forth from a place. It can be used in various contexts, such as sending people on a mission, dispatching goods, or even sending forth a sound or an idea.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and the verb 'πέμπω' (to send). 'Πέμπω' itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to send, to conduct'.

G3664

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-MEH-ree-ah

Translations: hostage, a hostage, hostage-ship, the giving of hostages, security

Notes: This word refers to the state of being a hostage, the act of giving hostages, or the condition of being held as security. It is typically used in contexts where individuals are given or held as a guarantee for an agreement or as a pledge of peace or loyalty.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΧΥΡΟΝ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ὅμηρος (homēros), meaning 'hostage' or 'pledge'.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAI-das

Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves

Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, but can also denote young people in general, or even servants and slaves regardless of age, depending on the context. It is used here in the accusative plural form, indicating that the children/boys/servants are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΥΙΟΙ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΙΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'child' or 'boy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to young people or offspring.

G0471

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TEI-pein

Translations: to speak against, to contradict, to gainsay, to object, to refuse

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive verb, meaning 'to speak against' or 'to contradict'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb εἶπον (eidon), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to describe the act of opposing someone or something verbally, or to refuse to comply.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ἈΝΘΙΣΤΑΣΘΑΙ, ἈΡΝΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀντειπεῖν is formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the aorist stem of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G2143

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: YOO-po-ron

Translations: easy, prosperous, resourceful, well-supplied, a well-supplied, an easy

Notes: This word describes something that is easy to accomplish, or a place or person that is well-supplied, prosperous, or resourceful. It can refer to a situation that offers good opportunities or a person who is capable of finding solutions. It is often used to describe a city or region that has abundant resources.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΚΟΛΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΟΥΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εὔπορος (Euporos) is a compound word derived from the prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'means'. Thus, it literally means 'having a good way' or 'well-provided'.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

G5142

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: TREH-foh-meh-nos

Translations: being nourished, being fed, being brought up, being reared

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'τρέφω' (trephō), meaning 'to nourish' or 'to feed'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of being nourished, fed, or brought up. It can be used to describe a person or animal receiving sustenance or care.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΘΑΛΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: DEI-non

Translations: terrible, a terrible thing, dreadful, a dreadful thing, fearful, a fearful thing, mighty, a mighty thing, powerful, a powerful thing, formidable, a formidable thing, dire, a dire thing, awful, an awful thing, strange, a strange thing, wondrous, a wondrous thing, marvelous, a marvelous thing, clever, a clever thing, skillful, a skillful thing

Notes: This word describes something that inspires fear, awe, or respect due to its power, intensity, or unusual nature. It can refer to something terrible or dreadful, but also to something remarkably powerful, skillful, or wondrous. It can be used to describe a person, an event, or a quality. When used as a noun, it refers to a terrible or powerful thing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack', but more directly related to the idea of 'fear' or 'dread'. It conveys the sense of something that causes one to be bound by fear or awe.

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: di-DON-tos

Translations: giving, of giving, a giver

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'didomi', meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the subject of a dependent clause, translating to 'of giving' or 'one who is giving'. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'the one giving' or 'a giver'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΔΙΔΟΝ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to apprehend

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω'. It generally means to take, receive, or get something. It can also imply seizing, grasping, or apprehending, depending on the context. It is used to express the action of acquiring or coming into possession of something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to grasp' or 'to seize'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G1902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-boo-LEH-yoo-eh

Translations: he plotted against, he conspired against, he laid a plot against, he formed a design against

Notes: This verb describes the act of plotting, conspiring, or forming a design against someone or something, often with malicious intent. It implies a deliberate and often secret plan to harm or deceive. It is typically used in the context of an individual or group devising schemes against another.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΗΧΑΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the verb ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ (bouleuō), meaning 'to counsel' or 'to plan'. Thus, it literally means 'to plan against'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-PRAX-ay

Translations: will cooperate, will help, will assist, will work together, will act together

Notes: This word means to cooperate, help, or assist someone in an action or endeavor. It implies working together with another person or group to achieve a common goal. It is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and πράττω (prattō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0297

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: am-FOH-teh-rah

Translations: both

Notes: This word means 'both' and refers to two things or two groups. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀμφί' (on both sides, around) and 'ἕτερος' (other, different). It is used to indicate that something applies to or includes two distinct entities or categories. For example, it can be used to say 'both hands' or 'both sides'.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word ἈΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΣ is derived from the Greek preposition ἀμφί (amphi), meaning 'on both sides' or 'around', and ἕτερος (heteros), meaning 'other' or 'different'. It literally means 'both of two'.

G3404

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mee-see-THAYS

Translations: hated, having been hated, being hated, one who is hated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μισέω' (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has been or is being hated. It can be translated as 'hated' or 'having been hated', indicating a state or action completed in the past but with ongoing relevance.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΕΧΘΗΣ

G3467

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOO-soss

Translations: defilement, a defilement, pollution, an abomination

Notes: This word refers to a state of defilement or pollution, often with a strong connotation of something morally or ritually unclean and detestable. It can describe an act that causes such defilement or the resulting state of impurity. It is used to denote something abhorrent or an abomination.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΑΣΜΑ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ, ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'μύσος' (mysos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'μύζω' (myzo), meaning 'to suck' or 'to close the lips', possibly implying a sense of disgust or aversion.

G2037

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ROH-tos

Translations: of love, of desire, of passion

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ἔρως' (erōs), which refers to passionate love, desire, or longing. It can describe romantic or sexual love, but also a strong desire for something, such as knowledge or power. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of love' or 'belonging to love'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΦΙΛΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρως' (erōs) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the Greek verb 'ἔραμαι' (eramai), meaning 'to love' or 'to desire'.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tee-theh-MEH-nohn

Translations: of those placing, of those laying, of those setting, of those putting

Notes: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ means to place, lay, set, or put something. ΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΩΝ is a present participle derived from this verb, indicating an ongoing action. It describes 'those who are placing' or 'those who are being placed/laid/set/put', depending on the voice. As a genitive plural, it often functions to describe the possessor or source of something, or the object of a preposition that takes the genitive.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put, place'. It is a reduplicated root aorist verb in Ancient Greek, indicating a fundamental action of positioning.

G5218

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pay-KO-ohn

Translations: (of) obedient, (of) subject, (of) subjects, (of) those who obey, (of) those who are subject

Notes: This word describes someone who is obedient or subject to authority. It is often used as a noun to refer to 'subjects' or 'those who obey'. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating 'of subjects' or 'of those who are subject'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, 'under') and 'ἀκούω' (akouō, 'to hear'), literally meaning 'hearing under' or 'listening under authority'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΥΠΟΤΑΓΜΕΝΩΝ

G4028

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-lah-THEYS

Translations: having driven around, having encompassed, having surrounded, having gone around

Notes: This word is a compound word, formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive' or 'to lead'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, indicating someone or something that has driven around, encompassed, or surrounded something else. It is often used to describe movement in a circular or encompassing manner.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G1601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EH-peh-seh

Translations: fell out, fell away, failed, lost, was cast out, fell down

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐκπίπτω' (ekpiptō), meaning 'to fall out' or 'to fall away'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of', and 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something 'fell out', 'fell away', 'failed', or 'was cast out'. It can be used to describe physical falling, but also metaphorical falling, such as falling from a position of power, failing in a task, or losing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

G2348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THNEES-kee

Translations: he dies, she dies, it dies, to die

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is often used to describe the cessation of life, whether literally or figuratively. It can be used in various contexts to indicate the end of existence or vitality.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῄΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwen- 'to die, disappear'. It is related to other Greek words concerning death and perishing.

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-froh-NEE-san-tes

Translations: having agreed, having been of one mind, having come to an agreement, having concurred

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συμφρονέω' (symphroneō), meaning 'to be of one mind' or 'to agree'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, indicating that the subjects have reached a state of agreement or shared understanding. It is often used to show that a group of people have come to a consensus or have concurred on a matter.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΦΩΝΗΣΑΝ, ΣΥΝΕΓΝΩΣΑΝ, ΟΜΟΝΟΗΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word 'συμφρονέω' (symphroneō) is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'φρονέω' (phroneō), meaning 'to think', 'to have understanding', or 'to be minded'. Thus, it literally means 'to think together' or 'to be minded together'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1081

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gen-NAI-oh-toy

Translations: most noble, most excellent, most brave, most courageous, most high-born

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'gennaios', meaning 'noble' or 'brave'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of these qualities, meaning 'most noble', 'most excellent', or 'most brave'. It is used to describe individuals who possess these virtues to an exceptional extent. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They were the most courageous of all the soldiers'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΙ, ΕΥΓΕΝΕΣΤΑΤΟΙ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0002

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-bah-see-LEF-toyss

Translations: without a king, kingless, ungoverned, without a ruler

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'without a king' or 'kingless'. It is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the root of 'βασιλεύς' (basileus), meaning 'king'. It describes a state or people that lack a monarch or ruler.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΡΧΟΣ, ΑΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, privative alpha, 'not') and βασιλεύς (basileús, 'king').

G275

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MAY-khah-non

Translations: impossible, impracticable, helpless, without resource, an impossible thing

Notes: This word describes something that is impossible to do, achieve, or overcome. It can also refer to a situation or person that is without resources or helpless. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'μηχανή' (mēchanē) meaning 'means' or 'contrivance'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'μηχανή' (mēchanē), which refers to a 'means', 'device', or 'contrivance'. Thus, it literally means 'without means' or 'without contrivance'.

G4176

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: po-li-TEV-es-thai

Translations: to live as a citizen, to conduct oneself, to behave, to live, to govern, to administer, to be a citizen

Notes: This word describes the act of living and conducting oneself according to the laws and customs of a community or state, much like a citizen. It can refer to one's general behavior or specifically to participating in civic life or governing. It is often used in the sense of living in a particular way, especially in accordance with certain principles or laws.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek noun 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state', and the verb 'πολιτεύω' (politeuō), meaning 'to be a citizen' or 'to live as a citizen'. It reflects the concept of civic life and governance within a city-state.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohn-toss

Translations: of reigning, of ruling, of being king, of being a king, when he was reigning, when he was ruling, when he was king

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'βασιλεύω' (basileuō), meaning 'to reign' or 'to rule as king'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and functions like an adjective or adverb. In the genitive case, as seen here, it often forms a genitive absolute construction, indicating the time or circumstances during which an action occurs, typically translated as 'when [someone] was reigning' or 'during the reign of [someone]'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΟΣ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khein

Translations: to rule, to govern, to lead, to begin, to be first

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΡΧΩ'. It means 'to rule' or 'to govern', indicating the act of exercising authority or leadership over someone or something. It can also mean 'to begin' or 'to be first', referring to the initiation of an action or being in a primary position. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, or as the subject or object of another verb.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the noun ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, origin, rule, authority'. The verb thus relates to both the concept of starting something and holding a position of power.

G4178

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LAK-is

Translations: often, many times, frequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'often' or 'frequently'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on numerous occasions. For example, one might say 'he often visits' or 'it frequently happens'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΧΝΩΣ, ΠΟΛΛΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ' is derived from the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', combined with the adverbial suffix '-κις' (-kis), which denotes 'times' or 'on occasions'.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G5195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-yoo-BRIS-thai

Translations: to be greatly insulted, to be outrageously treated, to be treated with contempt

Notes: This word is a perfect passive infinitive, meaning 'to have been greatly insulted' or 'to have been treated with extreme contempt'. It describes an action where someone has been subjected to severe and excessive abuse or insolence. The prefix 'περι-' intensifies the meaning of the root verb 'ὑβρίζω', which means 'to insult' or 'to treat with insolence'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΩ

G1062

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gah-MOHN

Translations: of marriages, of weddings, of wedding feasts

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'γάμος' (gamos), meaning 'marriage', 'wedding', or 'wedding feast'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relation concerning multiple marriages, weddings, or wedding feasts. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'concerning marriages' or 'the customs of weddings'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΥΜΦΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΣΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'γάμος' (gamos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to marry'. It refers to the act or state of marriage, or the celebration associated with it.

G4243

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pres-BEV-san-tes

Translations: having been an ambassador, having acted as an ambassador, having sent an embassy, having negotiated, having pleaded, having been an elder

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having been an ambassador" or "having acted as an ambassador." It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often implying that the subject performed the role of an envoy, representative, or negotiator. It can also refer to sending an embassy or pleading a case. The root verb means to be an elder, to be an ambassador, or to act as an envoy.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2189

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-IF-tho-non

Translations: enviable, an enviable thing, an object of envy, invidious, hateful, odious, resented

Notes: This word describes something that is an object of envy or ill-will, often because it is too good, too successful, or too prominent. It can mean something that causes resentment or is disliked. It is used to describe things or situations that are likely to provoke envy or jealousy in others.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΕΡΟΣ, ΜΙΣΗΤΟΣ, ἈΠΕΧΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΦΘΟΝΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and the noun ΦΘΟΝΟΣ (envy, jealousy, ill-will). It literally means 'upon which envy falls' or 'subject to envy'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G5236

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LAS

Translations: excess, abundance, a surpassing, preeminence, a hyperbole

Notes: This word refers to an excess, an abundance, or a surpassing degree of something. It can also denote preeminence or a rhetorical exaggeration (hyperbole). It is used to describe something that goes beyond the usual or expected measure.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΕΟΝΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὑπερβάλλω (hyperballō), meaning 'to throw over, to exceed, to surpass'. It is a compound word formed from ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'.

G3849

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAH-noo

Translations: very, exceedingly, altogether, quite, entirely, completely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. It conveys a sense of completeness or high degree, similar to 'very' or 'exceedingly' in English. It can be used to emphasize the extent or quality of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: From the root ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It developed into an adverb indicating 'altogether' or 'completely'.

G4650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SKAI-oss

Translations: left, left-handed, awkward, clumsy, foolish, stupid, ill-omened, unlucky

Notes: This word describes something as being on the left side, or someone who is left-handed. Metaphorically, it can refer to someone who is awkward, clumsy, or foolish, as the left side was often associated with misfortune or ineptitude in ancient thought. It can also imply something that is ill-omened or unlucky.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΦΡΩΝ, ΑΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ΜΩΡΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'crooked' or 'bent'. It is also connected to the idea of the left side being less favorable or skilled.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doos-dee-AH-theh-tos

Translations: hard to please, ill-disposed, difficult to manage, a hard to please, an ill-disposed, a difficult to manage

Notes: This is a compound word describing someone or something that is difficult to deal with or manage. It refers to a disposition that is hard to satisfy or control, often implying a negative or uncooperative attitude. It can be used to describe a person who is irritable or discontented.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΔΥΣΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek elements: δύς (dys-), meaning 'bad, difficult, hard', and διάθετος (diathetos), meaning 'disposed, arranged'. The combination signifies a state of being 'badly disposed' or 'difficult to arrange/manage'.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAYN

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.

G4921

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-STAN-tes

Translations: having stood together, having gathered together, having been constituted, having been commended

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'synistēmi'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a group of people or things that have come together, gathered, or been formed. It can also imply being established or commended. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often conveying the idea of a collective action or state.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΧΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word συνίστημι (synistēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G4689

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spon-DAIS

Translations: (to) libations, (to) treaties, (to) truces

Notes: This word refers to a libation, which is a drink offering, typically of wine, poured out as a religious ritual to a deity. It can also refer to a solemn agreement, treaty, or truce, often sealed by such an offering or by a sacrifice. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative or locative case, meaning 'to/for libations/treaties/truces' or 'in/at libations/treaties/truces'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative/Locative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΑΙ, ΕΙΡΗΝΗ

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trah-PEH-zais

Translations: to tables, to banks, to meals, to food

Notes: This word refers to a table, often one used for eating meals, or a table used for financial transactions, hence a bank or money-changer's table. It can also refer to the food served on a table or the meal itself. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or indirect object of an action related to tables, banks, or meals.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ

Etymology: The word "ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ" comes from the Greek words "τετρα" (tetra), meaning "four," and "πεζα" (peza), meaning "foot" or "leg." This refers to a table typically having four legs.

G1485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-thos

Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice

Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice, something that is regularly done or observed. It describes a customary way of acting or a traditional practice within a community or by an individual. It is often used to refer to established traditions or religious observances.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swedh-, meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself', indicating something that is characteristic or habitual.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEH-khee

Translations: he holds, he possesses, he restrains, he holds fast, he occupies, he seizes, he takes possession of

Notes: ΚΑΤΕΧΕΙ is a verb meaning 'he holds' or 'he possesses'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can be used in various contexts, such as holding onto something physically, possessing something, restraining someone or something, or occupying a place. In some contexts, it can also mean to hold fast to a teaching or belief.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G4254

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ah-GAH-gon-tes

Translations: having led forth, leading forth, bringing forward, advancing, those who led forth

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προάγω' (proago), meaning 'to lead forth' or 'to go before'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often translated as 'having led forth' or 'leading forth'. It can describe a group of people who performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΞΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-TOON-toh

Translations: they were asking, they were demanding, they were begging, they were requesting

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to demand', or 'to request'. It is used to describe an action of seeking something from someone, often with a sense of urgency or insistence. The form 'ἨΤΟΥΝΤΟ' indicates that the action was ongoing or repeated in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word αἰτέω (aitéō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to reach, to grasp'.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEM-pe-tai

Translations: is sent, is being sent, is dispatched, is being dispatched, is escorted, is being escorted

Notes: This is a verb in the present tense, middle or passive voice, third person singular. It means 'to be sent' or 'to be dispatched'. It describes an action where someone or something is being sent or escorted by another, or is sending themselves (middle voice). For example, 'he is sent' or 'it is being sent'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΕΤΑΙ, ΣΤΕΛΛΕΤΑΙ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-REH-in

Translations: to go, to make room, to contain, to hold, to advance, to withdraw, to have space, to be able to receive

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'χωρέω'. It describes the action of moving, making space, or containing something. It can be used to express the idea of progressing, withdrawing, or having the capacity to hold or receive something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'χώρα' (chōra), meaning 'space' or 'place'. The verb 'χωρέω' thus relates to occupying or moving through space.

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-KHEEN

Translations: fortune, luck, chance, a fortune, a luck, a chance

Notes: This word refers to fortune, luck, or chance, often personified as a goddess in ancient thought. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not attributed to human agency or direct divine will. It can be used in sentences to refer to one's destiny or the random occurrences of life.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΥΧΗ (tyche) comes from the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain by chance'. It refers to that which happens or falls to one's lot.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EF-eh-ron

Translations: they were bringing, they were offering, they were presenting, they were applying

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb προσφέρω (prospherō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning "they were bringing to," "they were offering," or "they were presenting." It can also mean "to apply" or "to bring against" in certain contexts.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-tree-ah

Translations: another's, foreign, strange, alien, a stranger, an alien

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to another person, or something that is foreign, strange, or alien. It can refer to a person who is a stranger or an outsider, or to a place that is not one's own. It is often used to denote something that is not one's own property or is outside of one's control or experience.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

G0396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-TROH-pay

Translations: overthrow, destruction, ruin, subversion, an overthrow, a destruction

Notes: This word refers to the act of overturning, subverting, or destroying something. It implies a complete reversal or a bringing to ruin. It can be used to describe the overthrow of a government, the destruction of a city, or the ruin of a person's character.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: From ἀνατρέπω (anatrepō, 'to overturn, subvert'), which is formed from ἀνά (ana, 'up, back') and τρέπω (trepō, 'to turn').

G5223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PEY-sin

Translations: they are, they come, they go, they enter, they approach, they steal in, they creep in

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to go' or 'to come'. Therefore, ΥΠΕΙΣΙΝ means 'they come in secretly', 'they steal in', or 'they approach stealthily'. It describes an action of movement that is not open or direct, often implying a hidden or gradual entry.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΣΙΝ, ΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΙΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under, below, secretly', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to go' or 'to come'.

G5389

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: sfah-leh-ROOS

Translations: unstable, treacherous, dangerous, perilous, fallible

Notes: This word describes something that is prone to falling, stumbling, or failing. It can refer to things that are unstable, dangerous, or unreliable. It is used to characterize persons or situations that are precarious or likely to lead to error or ruin.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΠΙΣΦΑΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΦΑΛΕΡΟΣ comes from the verb σφάλλω (sphallō), meaning 'to cause to fall, to trip up, to make to stumble'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G0384

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAX-ee-oh-PAH-thigh-ahn

Translations: indignation, unworthiness, resentment, an indignation, an unworthiness, a resentment

Notes: This word refers to a feeling of indignation or resentment, often arising from a sense of being treated unjustly or experiencing something undeserved. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνάξιος' (anaxios), meaning 'unworthy' or 'undeserving', and 'πάθος' (pathos), meaning 'suffering' or 'feeling'. Thus, it literally means 'suffering or feeling of unworthiness' or 'indignation at unworthiness'. It is used to describe the emotional state of being indignant or resentful.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΗΣΙΣ, ΟΡΓΗ, ΜΗΝΙΣ

G0407

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-DRA-po-doh

Translations: to a slave, to a captive, to a bondservant, to a prisoner of war

Notes: This word refers to a slave or a captive, specifically one taken in war. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' a slave/captive.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΩ, ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνδράποδον (andrapodon) is a compound word derived from ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man', and πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'. It literally refers to 'one who walks on his feet' or 'one who is led by the feet', implying someone captured and led away, hence a captive or slave.

G0245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-tree-oh

Translations: (to) another, (to) a stranger, (to) a foreigner, (to) an alien, (to) another's

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'belonging to another,' 'foreign,' or 'alien.' It describes something that is not one's own or someone who is not a native or a member of one's group. It is used to indicate possession by someone else or a foreign origin.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other,' combined with the suffix -τριος, which indicates belonging or relation.

G4367

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-TAS-so-meh-non

Translations: being commanded, being ordered, that which is commanded, a thing being commanded

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ', meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being commanded or ordered. It can be used to describe a person or thing that is subject to a command.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΕΛΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (tasso), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange towards' or 'to appoint to', leading to the sense of commanding or ordering.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OON

Translations: they were thinking worthy, they were deeming worthy, they were demanding, they were asking, they were requesting

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to demand,' 'to ask,' or 'to request.' It implies that the subjects were considering something or someone to be deserving of a particular action or status, or that they were making a strong request or demand.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G3687

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oh-no-MAH-zon-tes

Translations: naming, calling, being named, being called

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'naming' or 'calling'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can also be used in the passive sense, meaning 'being named' or 'being called'. It is often used to describe someone who is in the process of giving a name or title to something or someone, or someone who is being referred to by a particular name.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oh

Translations: I justify, I declare righteous, I make righteous, I acquit

Notes: This verb means to justify, to declare someone righteous, or to make them righteous. It can also mean to acquit someone of a charge. It is used to describe the act of God declaring or making people righteous in His sight, or to describe a legal process of vindication.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. The verb form means to render or declare someone righteous.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOS-thai

Translations: to have been given, to be given, to have been granted, to be granted

Notes: This word is the perfect infinitive passive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), which means 'to give'. As a perfect infinitive passive, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose subject is the recipient of the action. It is used to express the state of having received something or having had something given to one. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He believed the money to have been given to him'.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΟΘΗΝΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΘΗΝΑΙ

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-soo-on-tah

Translations: who will reign, who will be king, those who will reign, those who will be king

Notes: This word is a future active participle, meaning 'who will reign' or 'who will be king'. It describes someone or something that is going to perform the action of reigning or being king in the future. It can be used substantively, meaning it can function as a noun, referring to 'those who will reign'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Future Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΞΟΝΤΑ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΣΟΝΤΑ

G5501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHEI-ron

Translations: worse, a worse thing, inferior, more evil

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective meaning 'worse' or 'inferior'. It is used to describe something that is of a lower quality, more evil, or in a more disadvantageous state compared to something else. It can function as a predicate adjective or an attributive adjective, often appearing with a genitive of comparison.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΩΝ, ΗΤΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'χείρων' is the comparative form of the adjective 'κακός' (bad, evil). Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word used to express a comparative degree of negativity or inferiority.

G5196

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HY-bray

Translations: (to) insolence, (to) arrogance, (to) outrage, (to) violence, (to) injury, (to) insult, (to) abuse

Notes: This word refers to insolence, arrogance, or outrage, often implying a deliberate act of disrespect or violence. It can also mean injury or abuse. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means or manner by which something is done, such as 'by insolence' or 'with violence'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΡΩΧΙΑ, ΘΡΑΣΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ud-bʰri- (meaning 'up-bearing' or 'over-bearing'), from *ud- ('up, out') and *bʰer- ('to carry, bear'). It originally conveyed the sense of 'overbearing pride' or 'presumption', leading to its meaning of insolence and outrage.

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-on-tah

Translations: reigning, ruling, being king, the one reigning, those reigning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βασιλεύω', meaning 'to reign' or 'to rule as king'. As a participle, it describes someone who is currently in the act of reigning or ruling. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one reigning' or 'those who are reigning').

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative, Singular Masculine or Neuter, or Plural Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word βασιλεύω (basileuō) comes from the noun βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. Its origin can be traced back to Mycenaean Greek, where it referred to a chieftain or local official, and later evolved to mean a sovereign ruler.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ar-SAH-kee-den

Translations: Arsacid, an Arsacid, of Arsaces, descendant of Arsaces

Notes: This word refers to a member of the Arsacid dynasty, a royal family of Parthian origin who ruled the Parthian Empire. It is used to describe someone belonging to or descended from Arsaces, the founder of the dynasty. It functions as a proper noun referring to an individual or as an adjective describing something related to the Arsacid lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the name Arsaces, the founder of the Parthian Empire. The suffix -ίδης (-ides) is a patronymic suffix in Greek, meaning 'son of' or 'descendant of'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEY-theh-tai

Translations: he is persuaded, he obeys, he trusts, he yields, he submits

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be persuaded, to obey, or to trust. It describes the action of someone being convinced by another, or of submitting to authority or advice. It can also imply a sense of reliance or confidence in someone or something. It is often used in contexts where one person is influenced by or complies with another.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ar-TAH-bah-nos

Translations: Artabanus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Artabanus, a common name for several Parthian kings and other historical figures. In the provided context, it refers to Artabanus, a king of Media and a member of the Arsacid dynasty. It is used to identify a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Artabanus is of Old Iranian origin, derived from the name 'Arta-bānu', meaning 'the glory of Arta' or 'the splendor of truth'. It was a common name among the Parthian royal family.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-sin

Translations: comes upon, goes against, attacks, approaches, comes in, enters, comes after, follows

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to, against') and the verb εἶμι (eimi, 'to go, to come'). It means to come or go upon something or someone, often with the implication of an attack, approach, or subsequent arrival. It can describe a physical movement towards a place or person, or the onset of an event or condition.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to, against') and εἶμι (eimi, 'to go, to come').

G4838

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-froh-NEE-san-tos

Translations: of having agreed, of having been of one mind, of having been in accord, of having been in harmony

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'symphroneō', meaning 'to be of one mind' or 'to agree'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes someone or something that has previously come to an agreement or shared a common understanding. It is a compound word formed from 'syn' (together with) and 'phroneō' (to think, to be minded).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΡΟΝΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneō), meaning 'to think', 'to have understanding', or 'to be minded'. It signifies thinking or being minded together.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G3900

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-TAK-sa-me-nos

Translations: having drawn up, having arrayed, having lined up, having arranged, having set in battle array

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρατάσσω', meaning 'to draw up in battle array' or 'to arrange troops'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating a completed action that precedes the main verb. It is a compound word, formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'τάσσω' (to arrange, to order).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΤΑΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3528, G3529

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: NEE-kah

Translations: conquer, prevail, overcome, be victorious, win, victory, a victory, Nike

Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome', often used in the imperative form to command someone to be victorious. It can also be a noun meaning 'victory' or 'triumph'. Additionally, 'ΝΙΚΑ' can be a proper noun, referring to the goddess Nike, who personified victory, or as a personal name. Its meaning depends heavily on the grammatical context in which it is used.

Inflection: Present Active Imperative (2nd Person Singular), Nominative Singular (Feminine), Vocative Singular (Feminine)

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΕΥΩ

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ah-gah-GOHN

Translations: having gathered, having brought together, having assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'to gather' or 'to bring together'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject 'having gathered' or 'having assembled' something or someone, then proceeded to do something else. It implies a completed action that precedes the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BAL-lee

Translations: he/she/it throws together, he/she/it meets, he/she/it encounters, he/she/it contributes, he/she/it consults, he/she/it fights, he/she/it compares

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to 'throw together' or 'bring together'. It can be used in various contexts, such as to meet someone, to engage in a conflict or battle, to contribute something, or to consult with others. It can also mean to compare or to consider.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: er-ga-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having worked, having done, having performed, having labored, having accomplished, having traded

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ergazomai', meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It implies that the subject performed the action for themselves or was actively involved in the process.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kteh-see-FOHN-tah

Translations: Ctesiphon

Notes: This is the name of an ancient city, Ctesiphon, which served as the capital of the Parthian and Sasanian Empires. It was located on the eastern bank of the Tigris River, near modern-day Baghdad. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this historical city.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ctesiphon is believed to be of Greek origin, possibly meaning 'city of the founder' or related to the Greek word for 'foundation'. It was a significant city in ancient Mesopotamia.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-na-kho-REH-ee

Translations: he withdraws, she withdraws, it withdraws, he retires, she retires, it retires, he departs, she departs, it departs, he goes away, she goes away, it goes away

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, retiring, or departing from a place or situation. It implies a movement away, often for safety, privacy, or to avoid something. It can be used in sentences like 'He withdraws to the mountains' or 'The crowd departs from the city'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room', 'to go', or 'to proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room back'.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-nos

Translations: and that one, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (and) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (that one, he, she, it). It means 'and that one' or 'and he/she/it', often used to refer back to a previously mentioned person or thing, or to introduce another person or thing in a similar context. It functions as a pronoun with an added conjunctive sense.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: ar-me-NEE-an

Translations: Armenian, an Armenian, (of) Armenia, (to) Armenia

Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Armenia, or it can refer to the country of Armenia itself. As an adjective, it describes a person or thing as being Armenian. As a proper noun, it can refer to an Armenian person or the land of Armenia. It is often used in contexts describing people, places, or things associated with the region of Armenia.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine or Neuter

Etymology: The word is derived from the geographical name 'Armenia', referring to the ancient kingdom and region in Western Asia.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G2107

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FEE-eh-toh

Translations: was desiring, was longing for, was reaching for, was aiming at, was striving for

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἐφίημι' (ephiēmi), which means 'to send to, to let go, to permit, to desire, to long for, to aim at'. In this specific form, it describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that someone or something was in the process of desiring, longing for, or striving towards something. It often implies a strong inclination or aspiration.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ὈΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐφίημι is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Thus, its original sense is 'to send upon' or 'to throw oneself upon', which evolved to mean 'to desire' or 'to long for'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G0308

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nan-DREE-an

Translations: cowardice, unmanliness, a lack of courage, an unmanliness, a cowardice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being unmanly or cowardly, indicating a lack of courage or bravery. It describes a state of fear or timidity, often in situations where courage is expected. It is typically used to describe a negative character trait.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑ, ΑΦΟΒΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀν- (an-, a negative prefix) and ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man'), meaning 'not a man' or 'unmanly'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-pres-BEV-eh-ee

Translations: sends an embassy again, sends an embassy back, sends an embassy up, sends an embassy to negotiate

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-, meaning 'up', 'back', or 'again') and πρεσβεύω (presbeuō, meaning 'to be an ambassador', 'to send an embassy'). It describes the action of sending an ambassador or an embassy, often with the nuance of doing so again, back, or for a specific purpose like negotiation or to address a rising issue. It implies a formal diplomatic mission.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-TEH-ee-NOH-meh-nos

Translations: stretching up, extending, reaching, holding up, lifting up, threatening

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'anateino'. It describes an action of stretching, extending, or reaching upwards, or holding/lifting something up. In some contexts, it can also imply threatening or menacing, as if 'stretching out' a threat. It is used to describe something that is in the process of extending or being extended.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ὈΡΕΓΩ, ὙΨΟΩ

G3189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-kha-NEE

Translations: device, a device, contrivance, a contrivance, machine, a machine, engine, an engine, plan, a plan, scheme, a scheme, means, a means, stratagem, a stratagem

Notes: ΜΗΧΑΝΗ refers to a device, contrivance, or machine, often implying ingenuity or skill in its construction or use. It can also denote a plan, scheme, or stratagem, particularly one used to achieve a specific purpose, whether good or bad. It is used to describe both physical apparatuses and abstract designs or methods.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΧΝΗ, ΕΠΙΝΟΙΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It is related to words signifying ability, skill, and contrivance.

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-DEH-mee-ah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, not one, not any, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'not any.' It is used to express absolute negation, emphasizing the complete absence of something or someone. It functions similarly to 'not a single one' and is often used to modify nouns or stand in for them, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to or replaces.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ar-ta-BA-no

Translations: to Artabanus

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Ἀρταβανος' (Artabanus). Artabanus was the name of several historical figures, most notably a king of Parthia. The dative case indicates the indirect object of a verb, often translated with 'to' or 'for' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Artabanus' is of Old Persian origin, derived from 'Arta-bānu', meaning 'the glory of Arta' or 'having the splendor of Arta'. Arta refers to a concept of truth, order, and righteousness in ancient Iranian religion.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-TITH-en-tai

Translations: they are added, they are being added, they are being put to, they are being given to

Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of adding, putting to, or giving to, specifically in a passive sense. It describes something being joined or appended to something else. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΕΙΝΤΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOH

Translations: (to) a general, (to) a commander, (to) a governor, (to) a magistrate, (to) a chief captain

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a civil magistrate or governor. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. In a military context, it denotes a leader of an army; in a civil context, it refers to an official with administrative and judicial authority.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΗΜΑΡΧΟΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-DOH

Translations: reverence, awe, respect, shame, modesty, a reverence, an awe, a respect, a shame, a modesty

Notes: This word refers to a sense of reverence, awe, or respect, often accompanied by a feeling of shame or modesty. It describes a feeling of moral restraint or a sense of honor that prevents one from doing something wrong. It can be used to describe the respect one has for others or for divine beings, or the modesty one feels about oneself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ, ΣΩΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to shrink from', 'to feel awe or shame'. It is related to the verb αἰδέομαι (aideomai), meaning 'to feel shame, reverence, or respect'.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G2863

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-MEE-dees

Translations: care, a care, provision, a provision, collection, a collection, bringing, a bringing, conveyance, a conveyance, delivery, a delivery

Notes: This word refers to the act of caring for something, providing for needs, or collecting and bringing things together. It can also denote the act of conveying or delivering something. It is often used in contexts related to the gathering of resources or the act of bringing something to a specific place.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΗ, ΦΟΡΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb κομίζω (komizō), meaning 'to carry, bring, or take care of'.

G3909

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-fy-LAS-seh-toh

Translations: he was guarded, he was watched, he was kept, he was observed

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, middle/passive voice, third person singular. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning "to guard" or "to watch." In the middle voice, it can mean "to guard oneself" or "to be on one's guard." In the passive voice, as it appears here, it means "to be guarded" or "to be watched." It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning "to guard" or "to watch." The prefix παρά often implies a close or careful guarding, or guarding alongside something.

G3740

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-roh-DEH

Translations: to dread, to be afraid, to fear

Notes: This word means to dread, to be afraid, or to fear. It describes a state of apprehension or terror. It is typically used to express a strong sense of fear or anxiety about something. The form ὈΡΩΔΗ is likely an inflected form of the verb ὀρρωδέω (or ὀρωδέω), though it does not perfectly match standard Koine Greek inflections for this verb. It might be a variant spelling or a less common inflection, possibly a third person singular imperfect indicative or a noun form, but its exact grammatical function in this specific spelling is unusual.

Inflection: Uncertain (possibly a variant of a verb form or a noun)

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

Etymology: The word ὀρρωδέω (or ὀρωδέω) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ὀρρός (serum, whey) or ὄρος (mountain), but these connections are speculative. It is generally understood to mean 'to dread' or 'to be afraid'.

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kom-ma-GAY-nays

Translations: of Commagene

Notes: This word refers to Commagene, an ancient kingdom or region located in what is now south-central Turkey, near the Euphrates river. It was a Hellenistic kingdom that existed from 163 BC to AD 72, known for its strategic location and cultural blend of Greek, Armenian, and Persian influences. The word is used to indicate possession or origin related to Commagene.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Commagene" is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from an ancient Anatolian or Semitic language. It was the name of the region and kingdom in antiquity.

G1293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-es-TEE

Translations: stood apart, separated, divided, departed, was separated, was divided

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb meaning to stand apart, separate, or divide. It can describe physical separation, or a departure from a state or belief. It is often used to indicate a distance or a division between things or people.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΪΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G4243

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pres-BEV-oo-sin

Translations: they are ambassadors, they are acting as ambassadors, they are sending an embassy, they are negotiating, they are representing

Notes: This word describes the action of serving as an ambassador or envoy, representing a group or person, or engaging in diplomatic negotiations. It implies acting on behalf of others, often with a specific message or purpose. It is used in the context of sending or being part of an embassy.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old man, elder, ambassador'. It relates to the idea of an elder or respected person being sent on a mission.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-BAL-lein

Translations: to change, to turn, to alter, to transform, to shift, to reverse

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As an infinitive, it means 'to change' or 'to turn'. It describes the act of altering something from one state or condition to another, or of turning oneself or something else around. It can refer to a physical change, a change in opinion, or a change in circumstances.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΜΟΡΦΟΩ

G4976

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKHEE-mah

Translations: form, a form, figure, a figure, appearance, an appearance, fashion, a fashion, outward show

Notes: This word refers to the outward form, appearance, or fashion of something. It describes the external shape or presentation, often implying something that is transient or superficial, as opposed to the inner essence or nature. It can be used to describe the physical shape of an object, the manner or style of a person's behavior, or the general state of things.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΡΦΗ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold', through its perfect passive stem, referring to that which is held or has a certain shape or condition.

G4174

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-li-TEI-as

Translations: of citizenship, of commonwealth, of state, of government, of way of life, of a way of life

Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state, or the form of government. It can also describe a person's conduct or way of life within a community. It is often used in contexts discussing political systems or the collective body of citizens.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΒΙΟΣ

Etymology: From ancient Greek, derived from the word 'πολίτης' (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which itself comes from 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'.

G1885

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-AR-khee-an

Translations: province, a province, prefecture, a prefecture

Notes: This word refers to a province or a prefecture, which was an administrative division within the Roman Empire. It denotes a territory governed by a Roman official, often a proconsul or legate. It is typically used to describe a geographical region under a specific jurisdiction.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ, ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπαρχία (eparkhía), from ἐπί (epí, “over, upon”) + ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “beginning, rule, office”). It refers to a territory under the rule of an official.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tes

Translations: thinking worthy, deeming worthy, considering worthy, demanding, asking, requesting, claiming, expecting, requiring

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are deeming worthy' or 'those who are demanding'. It describes an ongoing action of considering someone or something worthy, or of making a demand or request. It can be used to describe people who are claiming something as their right, or who are asking for something because they believe they deserve it. It is often followed by an infinitive or a noun indicating what is deemed worthy or what is being demanded.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ἈΠΑΙΤΈΩ

G3965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pat-ree-AH

Translations: family, clan, lineage, ancestry, a family, a clan

Notes: This word refers to a family, clan, or lineage, emphasizing the descent from a common father or ancestor. It can denote a group of people related by blood, a tribe, or a nation. It is often used in contexts describing genealogical lines or the divisions of a people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a group descended from a common father or ancestor.

G5586

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: psay-FEE-zeh-tai

Translations: it is decided, it is voted, it is decreed, it is counted, it is calculated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to decide by vote', 'to decree', 'to count', or 'to calculate'. It is often used impersonally, referring to a decision or calculation being made, as in 'it is decided' or 'it is counted'. It can also refer to a group, like a council or senate, making a decision through voting.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: syng-KLEE-tos

Translations: senate, a senate, senator, a senator, summoned, called together

Notes: This word can function as a noun, referring to a 'senate' or a 'senator', or as an adjective meaning 'summoned' or 'called together'. As a noun, it typically refers to a council of elders or a governing body, such as the Roman Senate. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'καλέω' (to call).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun 'senate'); Masculine or Feminine (as an adjective 'summoned')

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb 'συγκαλέω' (to call together), which is formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'καλέω' (to call). It literally means 'those called together'.

G1357

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-or-THOH-son-tah

Translations: correct, set right, reform, amend, restore

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διορθόω' (diorthoō), meaning 'to set straight, correct, or reform'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by or on someone/something. In this form, it indicates an action that will be done in the future, often with the sense of 'one who will correct' or 'in order to correct'. It implies making something right that was previously wrong or out of order.

Inflection: Future Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ

G0395

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-toh-LEN

Translations: east, a rising, dawn, a branch, a shoot

Notes: This word refers to the direction of the east, where the sun rises. It can also metaphorically refer to the rising of the sun itself, or the dawn. In some contexts, it can also mean a sprout or a shoot, particularly in prophetic or messianic contexts, referring to a descendant or a new beginning. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΤΟΛΑΙ, ἈΝΑΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἀνατέλλω (anatellō), meaning 'to rise up' or 'to cause to rise'. It is formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', and τέλλω (tellō), meaning 'to accomplish' or 'to rise'.

G4231

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: prahg-mah-TEH-oo-meh-nays

Translations: dealing, doing business, trading, engaging in, managing, administering, of dealing, of doing business, of trading, of engaging in, of managing, of administering

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'pragmateuomai', meaning to be engaged in business, to trade, or to manage affairs. It describes someone who is actively involved in a particular activity or transaction, often with a focus on practical matters or commerce. It can be used to describe someone who is busy or occupied with something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-KHEES

Translations: of fortune, of chance, of luck, fortune, a fortune, chance, a chance, luck, a luck

Notes: This word is a noun referring to fortune, chance, or luck. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not necessarily attributed to divine will or human effort but rather to an unpredictable force. It is often used in contexts discussing the unpredictable nature of life or the role of fate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain by chance'.

G1357

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-or-THOH-sas

Translations: having corrected, having set right, having reformed, having restored, having amended

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having corrected' or 'having set right'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past by the subject. It can be used to indicate the cause or circumstance of another action, or simply to describe a completed action of the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nee-REH-thay

Translations: was killed, was destroyed, was taken away, was put to death

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It means 'he/she/it was killed,' 'he/she/it was destroyed,' or 'he/she/it was taken away.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' In context, it often refers to the violent death or destruction of a person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Passive Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' Its meaning evolved from 'to take up' to 'to take away' and eventually 'to destroy' or 'to kill.'

G5332

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phar-MA-koh

Translations: of sorcerers, of magicians, of enchanters, of poisoners, of drug-users

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'pharmakos'. It refers to those who practice sorcery, magic, or enchantment, often involving the use of drugs, potions, or poisons. It can also refer to those who administer or use such substances.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΓΟΙ, ΕΠΑΟΙΔΟΙ, ΓΟΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'pharmakos' comes from 'pharmakon', meaning 'drug' or 'poison'. Over time, it came to refer to those who used such substances, especially in magical or ritualistic contexts.

G3987

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: pei-SO-nos

Translations: of Pison, of Pishon

Notes: ΠΕΙΣΩΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the proper noun ΠΕΙΣΩΝ. It refers to Pison, which is the name of one of the four rivers mentioned in the Book of Genesis as branching off from the river flowing out of the Garden of Eden. It can also refer to a person named Pison. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of Pison' or 'Pison's'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name ΠΕΙΣΩΝ (Pison) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word פִּישׁוֹן (Pishon), meaning 'full of water' or 'gushing'.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1213