Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' The Jewish War / Book Three / Chapter 2Book Three, Chapter 2
Interlinear version from Josephus' The Jewish War (Beta)
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KES-tee-oo
Translations: of Cestius, Cestius
Notes: This word refers to Cestius, specifically Gaius Cestius Gallus, a Roman legate of Syria. The form "ΚΕΣΤΙΟΥ" is the genitive case of the name, indicating possession or origin, often translated as "of Cestius" or simply "Cestius" when the context implies possession or relation. It is used to refer to actions or events associated with him.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4127
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: play-GAYN
Translations: blow, stroke, wound, plague, a blow, a stroke, a wound, a plague
Notes: This word refers to a physical strike or blow, often resulting in a wound or injury. It can also denote a calamity or disaster, particularly a divinely inflicted one, like a plague. It is used to describe the impact of a forceful action or a severe affliction.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΑΥΜΑ, ΜΑΣΤΙΞ, ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ
G1869
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-EER-men-oy
Translations: lifted up, exalted, arrogant, proud, swollen, inflated
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been lifted up' or 'having been exalted'. It can describe someone who is proud, arrogant, or boastful due to being elevated or having achieved success. It implies a state of being puffed up or inflated with self-importance. It is often used to describe those who are haughty or presumptuous.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΥΨΗΛΟΙ, ΚΑΥΧΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word ἐπαίρω (epairō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift' or 'to raise'. Thus, it literally means 'to lift up upon' or 'to raise over'.
G3588, G0084
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Adjective
Sounds like: TAYS-ah-DOH-kee-toys
Translations: the unexpected, the unlooked for, the unforeseen
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the definite article 'the' and the adjective 'unexpected'. The adjective describes something that was not anticipated or looked for. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done, often translated as 'to the unexpected' or 'by the unexpected things'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΣ, ἈΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΣ
G2110
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-pra-GHEE-ais
Translations: (to) successes, (to) prosperities, (to) well-beings
Notes: This word refers to good fortune, prosperity, or success. It is a compound word formed from the Greek words for 'good' (εὖ) and 'to do' or 'to fare' (πράσσω), literally meaning 'good doing' or 'good fortune'. It is used to describe a state of flourishing or favorable circumstances.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΗΜΕΡΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΙΑ, ὈΛΒΟΣ
Etymology: The word Εὐπραγία (eupragia) is derived from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun πρᾶξις (praxis), meaning 'a doing' or 'action', which comes from the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to fare'.
G0193
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-KRAH-tays
Translations: without self-control, intemperate, unrestrained, incontinent
Notes: This word describes someone or something that lacks self-control or is unrestrained. It refers to a state of being unable to control one's impulses, desires, or actions. It can be used to describe individuals who are intemperate in their habits or groups that act without restraint.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΑΣΤΟΣ, ΑΣΩΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'κράτος' (kratos, meaning 'strength', 'power', or 'control'). Thus, it literally means 'without control' or 'lacking power over oneself'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G3730
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-MEES
Translations: of a rush, of an impulse, of a violent motion, of an onset, of an attack, of a desire, of a strong inclination
Notes: This word refers to a strong impulse, a violent motion, or a sudden rush. It can describe a physical charge or an internal desire or inclination. In the provided context, it appears to describe the multitude's sudden movement or impulse. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ, ΟΡΜΗΜΑ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G5618
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-sper
Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as
Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.
G1670
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ek-ri-PI-zo-me-noy
Translations: being fanned, being stirred up, being inflamed, being kindled
Notes: This word describes something being fanned, stirred up, or inflamed, often in a metaphorical sense, like emotions or a conflict. It implies an action that causes something to grow more intense or active, similar to how fanning a fire makes it burn brighter. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'ῥιπίζω' (to fan, to blow).
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΖΩΠΥΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΦΛΕΓΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5177
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOO-khee
Translations: fortune, luck, chance, a fortune, a chance
Notes: This word refers to fortune, luck, or chance, often implying an outcome that is not necessarily determined by human will or divine intervention, but rather by random events. It can be used to describe good or bad fortune, or simply the way things happen to turn out.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain, to meet with'. It refers to that which 'happens' or 'falls to one's lot'.
G4397
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pro-SOH-teh-roh
Translations: further, farther, more forward, onward
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'further' or 'farther'. It is the comparative form of the adverb 'πρόσω' (prosō), which means 'forward' or 'onward'. It indicates a greater distance or advancement in space or time. For example, it can be used to say 'go further' or 'move farther along'.
Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΠΕΡΑΙΤΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word is derived from the adverb 'πρόσω' (prosō), meaning 'forward' or 'onward', with the comparative suffix -τερω. 'Πρόσω' itself comes from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-le-mon
Translations: war, a war
Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups. It is used to describe a battle or a prolonged struggle, often involving military action and violence. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G1806
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-AY-gon
Translations: they were leading out, they were bringing out, they were going out, they were departing, they were leading away, they were bringing away
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'exagō', meaning 'to lead out' or 'to bring out'. It describes an action of moving something or someone from an inside place to an outside place, or from one location to another. It can also mean 'to go out' or 'to depart' when referring to people or things moving themselves. In the provided examples, it describes people being led out or going out.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PAN
Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole
Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: goon
Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate
Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: It's difficult to approximate as it's likely a misspelling. If pronounced as written, it would be 'YOO-theh-OH-so-son'.
Translations: It's not clear what this word means. It could be a misspelling of 'immediately as much as' or 'as soon as'.
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a garbled combination of two Koine Greek words: ΕΥ̓ΘΕΩΣ (eutheōs), meaning 'immediately' or 'straightway', and ΟΣΟΝ (hoson), meaning 'as much as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. As a single word, ΕΥ̓ΘΕΩΣΟΣΟΝ is not a recognized Koine Greek term. It is possible it was intended to convey a meaning like 'immediately as much as' or 'as soon as', but it is not a standard compound.
Inflection: Unknown
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-khee-MOH-tah-ton
Translations: most warlike, most valiant, most fit for battle, the most warlike, the most valiant, the most fit for battle
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the superlative adjective 'μάχιμος' (machimos), meaning 'warlike' or 'fit for battle'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of this quality, thus 'most warlike' or 'most valiant'. It can be used to describe a person, group, or thing that is exceptionally skilled or inclined towards combat. In the provided context, it refers to 'the most warlike' (people or contingent).
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΙΜΟΣ is derived from the Koine Greek noun ΜΑΧΗ (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight', and the verb ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ (machomai), meaning 'to fight'. The suffix -ιμος indicates suitability or capability, hence 'fit for battle'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ath-roys-THEN-tes
Translations: having been gathered, having assembled, having collected
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'athroizo', meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It describes a group of people or things that have been brought together or have come together. It is often used to indicate a state of being assembled or collected, and can function adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'athroizo' comes from the Greek word 'athroos', meaning 'gathered' or 'crowded', which is related to 'athros', meaning 'together'.
G3729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ohr-MEH-sahn
Translations: they rushed, they hurried, they surged, they set out
Notes: This word describes a sudden, forceful, or impetuous movement, often indicating a rush or a charge. It can mean to set out on a journey or to be driven by an impulse. It is used to describe a group of people or things moving quickly and decisively.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΧΩ
Etymology: From the root *hormē-, meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G795
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: as-ka-LOH-na
Translations: Ashkelon, to Ashkelon
Notes: Ashkelon is an ancient Philistine city located on the Mediterranean coast. It is mentioned in the Old Testament and later in historical texts as a significant city in the region. In Koine Greek, this form of the word indicates movement towards or into the city, or that it is the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lis
Translations: city, a city, town, a town
Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G0744
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ar-KHAH-yah
Translations: ancient, old, former, a former thing, an ancient thing
Notes: This word describes something as being old, ancient, or belonging to a former time. It can refer to things, people, or concepts that existed long ago. For example, it can be used to describe ancient customs, old friends, or things from the past.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΑΙΟΣ (archaios) comes from the Greek word ἈΡΧΗ (archē), meaning 'beginning' or 'origin'. Thus, it refers to something that is from the beginning or from a long time ago.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G2414
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hee-eh-roh-soh-LOO-mohn
Translations: of Jerusalem
Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as a holy city and is central to many biblical narratives.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive
G1501
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EYE-koh-see
Translations: twenty
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'twenty'. It is used to indicate a quantity of twenty units and is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change based on gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wikm̥ti, meaning 'twenty'. It is related to Latin viginti and Sanskrit viṃśati.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4000
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: pen-tah-KO-see-oys
Translations: five hundred
Notes: This word is a numeral meaning 'five hundred'. It is used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of 500. It functions like an adjective and agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G0568
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PEH-khoo-sah
Translations: distant, far off, being distant, being far off, holding oneself away, having received in full
Notes: This word is the feminine singular present active participle of the verb ἀπέχω (apechō). It describes something that is distant or far off, or that is holding itself away. It can also mean to have received something in full, often used in the context of receiving payment or reward completely.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΑΚΡΑΝ, ΠΟΡΡΩ
G4712
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sta-DEE-oos
Translations: stadia, furlongs, race-courses, a stadium, a furlong, a race-course
Notes: This word refers to a stadium or a race-course, which was a common venue for athletic contests in ancient times. It also serves as a unit of measurement, specifically a 'stadium' or 'furlong,' which was approximately 600 Greek feet or about 185 meters (607 feet). It is used to indicate distance, often in the plural to denote multiple units of this measure.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: From Ancient Greek στάδιον (stadion), referring to a fixed standard of length, especially the length of a race-course. It is related to ἵστημι (histēmi, “to stand”).
G0104
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-EH-ee
Translations: always, ever, continually, at all times
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'always' or 'ever'. It indicates something that happens without interruption, continuously, or at all times. It can be used to describe an action or state that is perpetual or ongoing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΤΕ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἈΕΙ' comes from an ancient root meaning 'ever' or 'always'. It is related to words indicating duration or perpetuity.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3404
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: mee-SOOS
Translations: hating, detesting, abhorring
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hate'. It describes someone or something that is actively engaged in the act of hating or detesting. It can be used to modify a noun, indicating a characteristic or ongoing action of that noun, such as 'the one hating' or 'those who hate'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΕΩ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oys
Translations: to Jews, for Jews, with Jews, among Jews
Notes: This word refers to Jews or Jewish people. It is a plural noun in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It can be translated as 'to Jews,' 'for Jews,' 'with Jews,' or 'among Jews,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-nee
Translations: having become, having come into being, having been born, having happened, having been made, having been produced
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having become' or 'having come into being'. It describes something that has already happened or been brought into existence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used adverbially to describe the circumstances of an action. It is derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to be born'.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑ, ΓΕΓΕΝΗΜΕΝΟΝ
G1352
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which
Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tays
Translations: first, foremost, earliest
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' in a series, 'foremost' in importance, or 'earliest' in time. It is used to describe nouns and can indicate position, rank, or temporal order. For example, it might be used to refer to 'the first day' or 'the first commandment'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ
G3730
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OR-maiss
Translations: (to) impulses, (to) desires, (to) passions, (to) attacks, (to) urges
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a strong inner urge, impulse, or desire. It can also denote a violent onset or attack. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating the recipient or object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑΙΣ, ΠΑΘΕΣΙΝ, ΟΡΜΗΜΑΤΑ
G1451
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eng-GHEE-ohn
Translations: nearer, closer, neighboring, approaching
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective meaning 'near' or 'close'. It describes something that is physically or temporally nearer or closer than something else. It can be used to indicate proximity in space or time.
Inflection: Comparative, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΓΓΥΤΕΡΟΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen
Translations: it seemed good, it seemed best, it was decided, it pleased, it was thought, it was resolved
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or pleasing to someone or a group. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the council'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ
G1834
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ay-GOO-n-toh
Translations: they were explaining, they were relating, they were describing, they were interpreting, they were leading out
Notes: This verb describes the act of leading out, explaining, narrating, or interpreting something. It implies a detailed and comprehensive exposition, often in the sense of making something clear or understandable to others. It can be used to describe someone explaining a concept, relating an event, or interpreting a text.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2697
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-droh-MACE
Translations: (of) an incursion, (of) a raid, (of) an attack, (of) a hostile movement
Notes: This word refers to a hostile incursion, a raid, or an attack, often implying a swift and aggressive movement into enemy territory. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'δρόμος' (a running, a course). It describes the act of running down or against something, leading to the meaning of a hostile advance.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗ, ΕΦΟΔΟΣ, ΕΙΣΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΔΡΟΜΗ (katadromē) is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the noun δρόμος (dromos), meaning 'a running' or 'a course'. It literally means 'a running down' or 'a running against', which evolved to signify a hostile incursion or raid.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREES
Translations: three
Notes: ΤΡΕΙΣ is the cardinal number 'three'. It is used to denote a quantity of three units. As a declinable numeral, its form changes according to the gender and case of the noun it modifies. This specific form, ΤΡΕΙΣ, is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural cases.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-dres
Translations: men
Notes: This word means 'men' and is the plural form of 'man'. It refers to adult male human beings. In Koine Greek, it is often used generally to refer to people, especially in a collective sense, or specifically to males.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ
G0259
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: al-KAYN
Translations: strength, might, power, force, a strength, a might, a power, a force
Notes: This word refers to physical strength, might, or power. It can be used to describe the inherent ability or force possessed by a person or entity. It is often used in contexts referring to physical prowess or the capacity to exert force.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G2888
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kor-yoo-FAY-oy
Translations: chief, leading, principal, foremost, chief ones, leading ones, principal ones, foremost ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is at the top, preeminent, or most important in a group, field, or situation. It signifies being a leader or having a prominent position. For example, it could be used to describe the chief men of a city or the leading figures in a particular discipline.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΟΡΥΦΑΙΟΣ (koryphaios) is derived from κορυφή (koryphē), meaning 'head' or 'summit'. It refers to that which is at the top or highest point.
G4907
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-EH-see
Translations: understanding, (to) understanding, (to) insight, (to) intelligence, (to) wisdom, (to) discernment
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of understanding, insight, or intelligence. It describes the ability to comprehend and discern, often implying practical wisdom or good judgment. It is used in contexts where mental capacity or comprehension is being discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ
G3526
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: NEE-ger
Translations: Niger
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a person named Niger. In the New Testament, it refers to Simeon, who was called Niger, one of the prophets and teachers in the church at Antioch. It is used as a personal name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Niger is of Latin origin, meaning 'black'. It was likely a descriptive nickname given to Simeon.
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Part of Speech: Suffix
Sounds like: TEH-oh
Translations: must, ought, should
Notes: This is a suffix, -τέος (-teos), -τέα (-tea), -τέον (-teon), used to form verbal adjectives in Koine Greek. These adjectives express necessity, obligation, or suitability, similar to the English 'must be done' or 'ought to be done'. The form 'ΤΕΟ' specifically represents the neuter singular nominative or accusative case of this suffix, often used impersonally (e.g., 'it is necessary to...'). It attaches to the stem of a verb to indicate that the action of the verb must or should be performed.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: This suffix derives from the Proto-Indo-European suffix *-teh₂-os, which formed verbal adjectives indicating necessity or obligation. It is related to the Latin gerundive ending -ndus.
G4008
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-RAI-tays
Translations: the one from beyond, the one from the other side, the Transjordanian
Notes: This word refers to someone who comes from 'the other side' or 'beyond' a certain point, often implying a geographical location. In historical contexts, it frequently refers to someone from the region of Perea, which was east of the Jordan River, hence 'the Transjordanian'. It is used to describe a person's origin or affiliation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: Derived from the Greek adverb πέραν (peran), meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side', with the suffix -ίτης (-ites) indicating a person from a place.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G0900
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nee-os
Translations: Babylonian, a Babylonian
Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Babylon, the ancient city in Mesopotamia. As an adjective, it describes things associated with Babylon, such as 'Babylonian garment' or 'Babylonian wisdom'. As a noun, it refers to a person who is an inhabitant of Babylon.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G4609
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: SEE-las
Translations: Silas
Notes: Silas is a proper name, referring to a person. In the New Testament, Silas was a leading member of the early Christian community, a prophet, and a companion of Paul on his missionary journeys. He is also known as Silvanus in some contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Silas is likely a shortened form of Silvanus, which is of Latin origin, meaning 'of the forest' or 'woodland'.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays
Translations: John
Notes: This is a common male proper name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It is used to refer to various individuals named John, such as John the Baptist or the Apostle John. It functions as the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ἰωάννης (Ioannes) is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוֹחָנָן), which means 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was a very common name in ancient Israel and continued to be popular in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ess-SAI-oss
Translations: Essene, an Essene
Notes: This word refers to an Essene, a member of a Jewish ascetic sect that flourished from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD. They were known for their communal living, strict adherence to Jewish law, and celibacy. It can be used as a noun to refer to an Essene person or as an adjective to describe something related to the Essenes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The origin of the name 'Essene' is uncertain, but it is believed to be derived from a Semitic root, possibly related to 'pious' or 'healers'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G783
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: as-KAH-lohn
Translations: Ashkelon
Notes: Ashkelon is a proper noun referring to an ancient Philistine city located on the Mediterranean coast. It was one of the five major Philistine cities and is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament. In the provided examples, it is referred to as a place that will be destroyed or inhabited.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Ashkelon' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from a root meaning 'to weigh' or 'to measure', possibly referring to its role as a trading center.
G5036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-teh-TEH-khees-toh
Translations: it had been walled, it had been fortified, it had been built with a wall
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wall' or 'to fortify'. The form 'ἘΤΕΤΕΙΧΙΣΤΟ' specifically indicates that something 'had been walled' or 'had been fortified' in the past, emphasizing a completed action with ongoing results. It is typically used to describe a city, a building, or a location that has been surrounded by a defensive wall.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΟΧΥΡΟΩ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΙΧΙΖΩ (teichizo) comes from the Greek word ΤΕΙΧΟΣ (teichos), meaning 'wall'.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G2905
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kar-te-ROS
Translations: strongly, firmly, steadfastly, resolutely, with might
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "strongly" or "firmly." It describes an action performed with great strength, determination, or perseverance. It indicates that something is done with a powerful and unyielding resolve.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΩΣ, ΣΘΕΝΑΡΩΣ
G0996
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-AY-thee-as
Translations: of help, of aid, of assistance, of succor
Notes: This word refers to help, aid, or assistance. It is used to describe the act of providing support or relief to someone in need. It can be used in contexts where divine or human intervention brings about a favorable outcome.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΙΑ, ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΗ
G4975, G2048
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: skheh-don-EH-reh-mos
Translations: almost deserted, nearly desolate, almost uninhabited
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'σχεδόν' (schedon), meaning 'nearly' or 'almost', and 'ἔρημος' (eremos), meaning 'deserted' or 'desolate'. It describes something that is very close to being completely empty, abandoned, or uninhabited. It can be used to describe places, cities, or even situations that lack support or resources.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
G5432
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-phroo-REH-toh
Translations: was guarded, was kept, was watched, was garrisoned
Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'phroureō', meaning 'to guard', 'to keep', or 'to watch over'. In this form, it describes an action that was continuously or repeatedly happening in the past, indicating that something or someone was being guarded, kept, or watched. It implies a state of being under protection or surveillance.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureō) comes from the Greek word φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'. This in turn is related to the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G4687, G4686
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: SPEI-ras
Translations: you sowed, you scattered, a cohort, a company, a band
Notes: This word can be either a verb form or a noun. As a verb, it is the second person singular aorist active indicative of 'σπείρω' (speirō), meaning 'to sow' or 'to scatter'. It describes an action of planting seeds or dispersing something widely. As a noun, 'σπεῖρα' (speira) refers to a military cohort, a company, or a band of people, often used in the context of Roman military units.
Inflection: Verb: Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative; Noun: Nominative Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΤΑΓΜΑ
Etymology: The verb ΣΠΕΙΡΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to strew, scatter'. The noun ΣΠΕΙΡΑ is derived from the verb, referring to something 'sown' or 'gathered', evolving to mean a 'coil' or 'band', and then a military unit.
G4098
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: peh-ZOHN
Translations: of foot, of infantry, of foot soldiers, foot soldiers, infantry
Notes: This word describes something related to the foot or walking. When used as a noun, it refers to foot soldiers or infantry, those who travel or fight on foot. It is often used in military contexts to distinguish ground troops from cavalry.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΖΟΙ, ΠΕΖΙΚΟΝ
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: mee-AHS
Translations: (of) one, (of) a
Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the numeral and adjective 'one'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, meaning 'of one' or 'of a single' feminine entity. For example, it could refer to 'of one day' or 'of a certain woman'.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΗΣ
G2476, G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-lay-sip-PEH-ohn
Translations: of cavalry troops, of cavalry squadrons, of cavalry companies
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἸΛΗ' (ilē), meaning 'troop' or 'squadron', and 'ἹΠΠΕΥΣ' (hippeus), meaning 'horseman' or 'cavalryman'. Therefore, 'ἸΛΗΣΙΠΠΕΩΝ' refers to 'of cavalry troops' or 'of cavalry squadrons'. It describes something belonging to or associated with groups of horsemen.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ἹΠΠΕΩΝ
G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: HAYS
Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what
Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
G2032
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-AR-khen
Translations: was ruling over, was governing, was in charge of, was presiding over
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rule over,' 'to govern,' or 'to be in charge of.' It describes an ongoing or continuous action in the past, indicating that someone was exercising authority or control over a place or people.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπάρχω (eparchō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin.'
G0044
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-TOH-nee-os
Translations: Antony, Anthony
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a Roman family name, most famously associated with Mark Antony, the Roman politician and general. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Antony' is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens name 'Antonius'. Its ultimate etymology is uncertain, but it was a prominent Roman family name.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G4930
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: soon-toh-NOH-teh-ron
Translations: more intensely, more vehemently, more strenuously, more vigorously, more earnestly
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb, meaning 'more intensely' or 'more strenuously'. It describes an action performed with greater force, effort, or determination than usual. It indicates an increased degree of intensity or vigor in the verb it modifies.
Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
G3593
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: oh-DEH-oo-san-tes
Translations: having journeyed, having traveled, journeying, traveling, those who journeyed, those who traveled
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'οδεύω', meaning 'to journey' or 'to travel'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is in progress, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can be translated as 'having journeyed' or 'those who journeyed', indicating a group of people who performed the action of traveling.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'οδεύω' comes from 'ὁδός' (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road', and the suffix '-εύω', which forms verbs of action. Thus, it literally means 'to be on a way' or 'to make a way'.
G5613, G1451
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oh-seh-ENG-goo-then
Translations: as if from near, as if nearby, as if close at hand
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from 'ὡς' (as, like) and 'ἐγγύθεν' (from near, nearby). It means 'as if from near' or 'as if close at hand', indicating that something is happening as if it originated from a nearby place or is very close by. It describes an action or state that has the characteristic of being immediate or proximate.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G3729
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: hor-MAY-men-oy
Translations: having rushed, having set out, having been eager, having been impelled, those who have rushed, those who have set out
Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, meaning 'having rushed' or 'having set out with eagerness'. It describes someone or something that has been impelled or has launched themselves forward with strong desire or force. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'those who have rushed' or 'those who have set out'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΡΜΑΩ, ΟΡΜΗ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΜΑΩ (hormaō) comes from the noun ΟΡΜΗ (hormē), meaning 'a violent motion, a rush, an assault, an impulse'. It describes a strong, impetuous movement or desire.
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G3918
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-REE-san
Translations: they were present, they were near, they had come, they stood by
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be near'. It describes a state of being in a particular place or at a particular time. It can also imply having arrived or standing by. It is often used to indicate the presence of multiple individuals.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ἨΣΑΝ, ἘΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ἘΦΑΝΗΣΑΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G0050, G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eeg-NO-ee-MEL-loo-san
Translations: he was ignorant of the one about to, he did not know the one about to, he was unaware of the one about to
Notes: This is a compound of two words: the imperfect active indicative of ἀγνοέω (agnoeō), meaning 'to be ignorant of' or 'not to know,' and the feminine accusative singular participle of μέλλω (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be destined to.' Together, it means 'he was ignorant of the one about to' or 'he did not know the one that was about to (happen/come).' It describes a past state of not knowing something that was imminent or destined to occur, often referring to a feminine noun or concept.
Inflection: Compound: First part is Singular, Third Person, Imperfect, Active, Indicative; Second part is Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-fo-don
Translations: attack, assault, approach, a visit, an incursion, a going to
Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'ὁδός' (way, road). It refers to a going to or an approach, often with the connotation of an attack or assault, especially in a military context. It can also mean a visit or an incursion. It is used to describe the act of moving towards something or someone, often with a specific purpose.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔφοδος (ephodos), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + ὁδός (hodos, “way, road”).
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G4254, G1806, G71
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ex-ay-GAH-geh
Translations: led forth, brought out, brought forward, led out, led forward
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes προ- (pro-, 'before' or 'forth') and ἐξ- (ex-, 'out of') combined with the verb ἄγω (agō, 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It means to lead or bring someone or something forth or out from a place. It describes an action of guiding or moving something from an interior or previous position to an exterior or forward one.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ, ΑΠΑΓΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hip-PEIS
Translations: horsemen, cavalry, a horseman
Notes: This word refers to horsemen or cavalry. It is used to describe individuals who ride horses, especially in a military context, or a group of such individuals. It can also refer to the cavalry as a military unit.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΠΠΟΤΑΙ, ΙΠΠΟΔΡΟΜΟΙ
G2532, G3762
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: kahee-oo-DEN
Translations: and nothing, and no one, and not even one, and no
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction "καί" (kai), meaning "and" or "also," and the pronoun/adjective "οὐδέν" (ouden), meaning "nothing," "no one," or "not even one." Together, "καιοὐδέν" means "and nothing," "and no one," or "and not even one." It is used to emphasize the complete absence or non-existence of something or someone, often in a strong negative sense.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΚΑΙ ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G5111
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: tol-MAN
Translations: to dare, to be bold, to venture, to presume, daring, boldness, a daring, a boldness
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'τολμάω'. It means 'to dare' or 'to be bold', indicating the act of having courage or venturing to do something, often something risky or audacious. It can also function as a noun, referring to the act of daring or the quality of boldness itself.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word 'τολμάω' (tolmaō) is derived from the ancient Greek root 'τόλμα' (tolma), meaning 'courage' or 'daring'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of enduring or bearing.
G5264
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-po-DEI-sas
Translations: having feared, being afraid, fearing, having been afraid
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ὑποδείδω' (hypodeidō), meaning 'to fear secretly' or 'to be somewhat afraid'. It describes an action of fearing that has already occurred, often indicating the cause or circumstance for a subsequent action. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΔΕΙΣΑΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΣ
Etymology: The verb 'ὑποδείδω' (hypodeidō) is a compound of the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear'. The root 'δείδω' is an ancient Greek verb for fear, related to the concept of dread or terror.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-OHN
Translations: of enemies, of adversaries, of foes
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone, often translated as 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. It is the genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, so it typically translates as 'of enemies' or 'belonging to enemies'. It is used to describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tas
Translations: first, a first, former, earliest, chief, principal
Notes: This word describes something that is first in time, order, rank, or importance. It can refer to the initial item in a sequence, the original or former thing, or something that holds a preeminent position. In the provided examples, it is used to describe 'first violence,' 'first tablets,' and 'first cows,' indicating an initial or original state.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the Greek preposition πρό (pró, before).
G3730
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-MAS
Translations: impulses, attacks, desires, a violent motion, an impulse, an attack, a desire
Notes: This word refers to a violent motion, a strong impulse, an onset, or an attack. It can also denote a strong desire or passion. In a sentence, it describes a forceful or sudden movement, either physical or emotional. For example, it might be used to describe the 'attacks' of the wicked or the 'impulses' that drive someone's actions.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ, ΟΡΜΗΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ΟΡΜΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ser- meaning 'to flow, to rush'. It describes a strong, forward motion or impulse.
G0324
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-DEH-xah-toh
Translations: received, accepted, undertook, took upon oneself
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai, meaning 'to receive'). It means to receive, accept, or undertake something, often implying the assumption of a responsibility or a task. It can be used in contexts where someone takes on a role, a burden, or a person.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G5098, G4982
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: TEE-kho-soh-thoo-MEH-noos
Translations: wall-saved, wall-preserved, those who will be saved by a wall, those who will be preserved by a wall
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ΤΕΙΧΟΣ' (wall) and a future passive participle of 'σῴζω' (to save, preserve). It describes something or someone that will be saved or preserved by means of a wall. It functions as an adjective or a substantive participle, referring to individuals who are destined to be protected or delivered by a wall.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Future Passive Participle
G0394
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nes-TEI-len
Translations: restrained, held back, checked, withdrew, drew back, turned back
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to restrain, hold back, or check. It can also mean to withdraw or draw back, often referring to a physical movement or a cessation of action. It is used to describe someone preventing something from happening or pulling themselves or something else away from a situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ἘΠΕΧΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀναστέλλω (anastellō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to arrange', 'to send', or 'to prepare'. The combination suggests a movement or action that is directed 'back' or 'up' to halt or withdraw.
G1748
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: em-PEI-roos
Translations: experienced, skilled, expert
Notes: This word describes someone who is experienced, skilled, or expert in a particular field or activity. It implies a practical knowledge gained through observation or practice. It is often used to describe someone who is proficient in their craft or profession.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΕΙΡΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΩΝ, ΤΕΧΝΙΚΟΣ
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun
Sounds like: POH-leh-mohn
Translations: war, battle, fight, of wars, of battles, of fights, Polemon
Notes: This word can refer to a war, battle, or fight. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple conflicts. It can also be used as a proper noun, referring to the personal name Polemon. In the provided examples, it appears both as a common noun in the genitive plural (meaning 'of wars') and potentially as a proper noun (Polemon).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative (Proper Noun); Plural, Genitive (Common Noun)
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ
G0550, G2532
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Conjunction
Sounds like: ah-PEH-roy-KAI
Translations: inexperienced and, unskilled and
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adjective 'ἄπειρος' (apeiros), meaning 'inexperienced' or 'unskilled', and the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and'. It describes a state of lacking experience or skill, followed by the conjunction 'and' to connect it to another idea or phrase. It would be used to say 'inexperienced and...' or 'unskilled and...'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine (for ΑΠΕΙΡΟΙ); Does not inflect (for ΚΑΙ)
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΜΑΘΕΙΣ, ΑΠΕΙΡΟΙ
G3979
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: peh-ZOY
Translations: on foot, foot soldiers, infantry
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is on foot, as opposed to being mounted on an animal or in a vehicle. When used as a noun, it refers to foot soldiers or infantry. It is often used in military contexts to distinguish troops who fight on foot from cavalry or charioteers.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΕΖΙΚΟΝ, ΠΕΖΟΜΑΧΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΕΖΟΣ (pezos) comes from the Greek root πεζός, meaning 'on foot', which is related to πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'.
G0796
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-SYN-tak-toy
Translations: disorderly, unarranged, unorganized, undisciplined, disorderly ones, unarranged ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not arranged or put in order. It implies a lack of discipline, organization, or proper alignment. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without'), 'σύν' (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together'), and 'τάσσω' (tassō, meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'). Thus, it literally means 'not arranged together'. It can be used to describe troops that are out of formation or people who behave in an unruly manner.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ἈΚΟΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not'), σύν (syn, 'with, together'), and the verbal adjective from τάσσω (tassō, 'to arrange, to order'). It describes a state of being unarranged or out of order.
G1727
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hay-NOH-meh-noos
Translations: united, joined, made one, those who are united, those who have been united
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ἑνόω' (henoō), meaning 'to unite' or 'to make one'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has been united or made one. In this form, it refers to 'those who have been united' or 'the united ones'. It is often used to describe a state of being brought together or made into a single entity.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΜΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word ἑνόω (henoō) is derived from the Greek word ἕν (hen), meaning 'one'. It signifies the act of bringing things together to form a single unit or entity.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OP-lee-tas
Translations: hoplite, a hoplite, heavily armed soldier, a heavily armed soldier
Notes: This word refers to a heavily armed soldier, specifically a hoplite, which was a common type of infantryman in ancient Greece. It is a compound word derived from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'against', and 'ὁπλίτης' (hoplitēs), meaning 'hoplite' or 'armed man'. It describes someone equipped for battle with heavy armor and weapons.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ
G1822
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-ahr-too-MEH-noos
Translations: equipped, prepared, furnished, fitted out
Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been fully equipped, prepared, or furnished for a specific purpose. It implies a state of readiness, having all necessary provisions or tools. It is often used in contexts of military preparation or being ready for a journey.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ
Etymology: From ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ἀρτύω (artuō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to arrange'. The compound verb signifies 'to prepare completely' or 'to furnish fully'.
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-kah-YOH-teh-ron
Translations: more just, more righteous, fairer, a more just thing, a fairer thing
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'δίκαιος' (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous'. As a comparative, it means 'more just' or 'fairer'. It is used to describe something that possesses a greater degree of justice or righteousness than something else. It can function as a predicate adjective or an attributive adjective.
Inflection: Comparative, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΤΕΡΑ
G3695
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: oh-PLIS-meh-noy
Translations: armed, equipped, having been armed, having been equipped
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, masculine plural, nominative or vocative case, of the verb 'ὁπλίζω' (hoplizō), meaning 'to arm' or 'to equip'. It describes someone or something that has been armed or equipped and remains in that state. It is often used to describe soldiers or warriors who are prepared for battle.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΟΠΛΟΙ, ΚΑΘΩΠΛΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ
G2372
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-MOH
Translations: (to) passion, (to) anger, (to) wrath, (to) indignation, (to) rage, (to) fury, (to) spirit, (to) soul
Notes: This word refers to a strong emotion, often negative, such as anger, wrath, or indignation. It can also refer to the seat of emotions, like the spirit or soul. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It originally referred to the soul or spirit as the principle of life, and later came to denote strong feelings or passions.
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-on
Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides
Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-boo-LEE-thay
Translations: he wished, he willed, he desired, he purposed, he intended
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to wish', 'to will', or 'to purpose'. It describes an action of desiring or intending something. In the provided examples, it appears in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, often translated as 'he wished' or 'he willed'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G4755
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: strah-tay-goo-MEH-noy
Translations: being led by a general, being commanded, being governed, being strategized
Notes: This word is a passive participle, meaning 'those who are being led by a general' or 'those who are being commanded'. It describes individuals or groups who are under the strategic direction or command of a leader, often in a military context. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive noun referring to the people themselves.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G2138
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-PI-thees
Translations: obedient, compliant, easily persuaded, submissive
Notes: This word describes someone who is easily persuaded or readily obeys. It is a compound word formed from the prefix εὐ- (eu-), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'well-persuaded' or 'easily persuaded to do good'. It is used to describe individuals or groups who are cooperative and willing to follow instructions or advice.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ὙΠΉΚΟΟΣ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΚΌΣ
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NEV-mah-tee
Translations: to a sign, to a nod, to a command, to a signal, to a gesture, to a beckoning
Notes: This word refers to a sign, nod, or command, often given by a gesture or beckoning. It implies a non-verbal communication that conveys instruction or intention. In a sentence, it would indicate the means by which something is communicated or done, such as 'by a nod' or 'with a command'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4238
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: PRAH-ton-tas
Translations: doing, practicing, performing, accomplishing, carrying out, acting
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'prassō'. It describes an ongoing action of doing, practicing, performing, or accomplishing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is done. For example, it could mean 'those who are doing' or 'while doing'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G4980
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: an-tee-TAS-so-meh-noy
Translations: opposing, resisting, setting oneself against, those who oppose, those who resist
Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'opposing' or 'resisting'. It describes someone or something that is actively setting themselves in opposition to another. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are in a state of resistance or defiance.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Vocative/Accusative, Masculine/Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ἈΝΤΙΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange', 'to order', or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange oneself against' or 'to set in opposition'.
G3449
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: po-NOO-sin
Translations: they toil, they labor, they suffer, they are in pain
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to work hard, to exert oneself, or to experience physical or emotional pain. It describes the act of toiling, struggling, or being afflicted. It can be used in contexts where people are putting in great effort or enduring hardship.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ
G4472
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: rah-DEE-ohs
Translations: easily, readily, quickly, without difficulty
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'easily' or 'readily'. It describes an action that is performed without much effort or resistance. For example, one might say something can be done 'easily' or 'without difficulty'. It can also imply 'quickly' in the sense of something being done without delay due to ease.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΥΚΟΛΩΣ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ
Etymology: From the adjective ῥᾴδιος (rhadios), meaning 'easy' or 'ready'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G0530
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AH-pax
Translations: once, once for all, at once, together, all at once
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'once' or 'once for all'. It emphasizes a single, decisive action that is completed and not to be repeated. It can also mean 'at once' or 'together' in certain contexts, indicating simultaneity.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΝ, ΕΦΑΠΑΞ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'one' or 'single', and πήγνυμι (pēgnumi), meaning 'to fix' or 'to make firm'. It conveys the idea of something being fixed or done 'once and for all'.
G2235, G4907
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-day-soon-eh-ta-RAKH-thay-san
Translations: they were already disturbed, they were already troubled, they were already agitated
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the adverb ἨΔΗ (ēdē), meaning 'already' or 'now', and the verb ΣΥΝΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ (syntarassō), meaning 'to stir up together, to disturb greatly'. The full word means 'they were already greatly disturbed' or 'they were already thrown into confusion'. It describes a state of being deeply troubled or agitated, often collectively. The verb is in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past, and in the passive voice, meaning the subjects were acted upon.
Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tai
Translations: first, foremost, earliest
Notes: This word describes something that is first in time, order, or importance. It can refer to the initial or earliest stage of something, or to something that is preeminent or chief among others. It is often used to indicate the beginning of a series or a primary position.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΑ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΑ
G5337
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fah-LANG-gess
Translations: phalanxes, battle lines, troops, armies, a phalanx, a battle line, a troop, an army
Notes: This word refers to a military formation, specifically a phalanx, which was a rectangular mass military formation, usually composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes, sarissas, or similar weapons. It can also refer more generally to a battle line, a body of troops, or an army. In the provided context, it refers to military units or formations.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑΤΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑΙ, ΤΑΞΕΙΣ
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: IP-poo
Translations: of a horse, of the horse, of horses, horses
Notes: This word refers to a horse. It is commonly used to denote the animal itself, often in contexts related to warfare, travel, or agriculture. It can appear in various grammatical cases depending on its function in a sentence, such as indicating possession (of a horse) or being the direct object (horses).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative, Masculine; or Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G5167
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TREH-pon-tai
Translations: they turn, they turn around, they are put to flight, they are routed, they flee
Notes: This word means to turn, to change direction, or to cause something to turn. In a military context, it often means to put an enemy to flight or to rout them. It can also imply a change of mind or a turning towards or away from something.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ
G2770
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kah-TOH-pin
Translations: behind, after, afterward, subsequently
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'after'. It can refer to spatial position, indicating something is located at the rear, or to temporal sequence, meaning 'afterward' or 'subsequently'. It is often used to describe following someone or something, or an event happening later in time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑ
Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ὄπις (opis, 'back, rear'). It literally means 'down from behind' or 'from the back'.
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-ee-khos
Translations: wall, a wall
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive wall around a city or a fortress. It is a neuter noun and can be used in various contexts where a physical barrier or structure is implied, such as a city wall or a dividing wall.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΧΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'fixing' or 'building'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since classical times.
G0971
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: bee-ah-ZOH-meh-noys
Translations: being forced, being compelled, being pressed, being assailed, being taken by force, being done with violence, to those being forced, to those being compelled, to those being pressed, to those being assailed, to those being taken by force, to those being done with violence
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being forced' or 'being compelled'. It describes an action that is being done to the subject, often with an implication of force, violence, or strong pressure. It can refer to people who are being pressed into service, or things that are being taken by force. In the dative case, as it appears here, it would refer to 'to those who are being forced' or 'by those who are being forced'.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Dative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
G4060, G240
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Part of Speech: Participle, Pronoun
Sounds like: peh-ree-PIP-ton-tes al-LAY-lohn
Translations: falling upon one another, encountering one another, happening upon one another
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of a participle and a reciprocal pronoun. 'ΠΕΡΙΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΕΣ' is the present active participle of 'περίπιπτω' (peripiptō), meaning 'to fall around, fall upon, encounter, happen upon, fall into'. 'ἈΛΛΗΛΩΝ' (allēlōn) is the genitive plural of the reciprocal pronoun 'ἀλλήλων', meaning 'of one another' or 'each other'. Together, the phrase describes an action where multiple subjects are falling upon or encountering each other. It implies a mutual or reciprocal action of encountering or falling into something together.
Inflection: ΠΕΡΙΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΕΣ: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle. ἈΛΛΗΛΩΝ: Plural, Genitive, All genders, Reciprocal Pronoun.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oy
Translations: enemies, hostile, opponents, those at enmity
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at enmity with someone or something. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as hostile, or as a noun to refer to enemies or adversaries. It is often used in a military or adversarial context, but can also describe general opposition or antagonism.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΙ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hip-PEH-ohn
Translations: of horsemen, of cavalry, of a horseman
Notes: This word refers to horsemen or cavalry. It is the genitive plural form of the noun 'hippos' (horse) or 'hippeus' (horseman), indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of horsemen' or 'of cavalry'. It is used to describe a group of people who ride horses, typically in a military context.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΠΠΩΝ, ΙΠΠΟΜΑΧΩΝ
G1716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: em-bo-LAIS
Translations: (to) attacks, (to) assaults, (to) charges, (to) incursions, (to) onset
Notes: This word refers to a sudden onset, an attack, an assault, or a charge, often in a military context. It describes the act of rushing into or upon something or someone. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the recipient or object of the action, such as 'to the attacks' or 'against the assaults'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ΟΡΜΗ
Etymology: The word ἘΜΒΟΛΗ (embolē) comes from the verb ἐμβάλλω (emballō), meaning 'to throw in, to cast in, to put in'. It is formed from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'.
G1502
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EE-ksan-tes
Translations: having yielded, having given way, having submitted, having conceded
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'εἴκω' (eikō), which means to yield, give way, submit, or concede. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb. It implies that the action of yielding or giving way has already occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΞΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G4650
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-ke-DAS-the-san
Translations: they were scattered, they were dispersed, they were spread out
Notes: This word describes an action where a group of people or things are spread out or dispersed in various directions, often implying a forceful or involuntary scattering. It is used to indicate that something that was once together has been broken up and spread apart.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σκίδνημι (skidnēmi), which means 'to scatter, to disperse'.
G0303
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix
Sounds like: ah-NAH
Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon
Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.
G3976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-dee-on
Translations: plain, a plain, field, a field, valley, a valley
Notes: This word refers to a flat, open area of land, such as a plain or a field. It can also denote a valley, particularly a broad, flat one. It is used in sentences to describe geographical features.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'soil'. It is related to the idea of a flat surface.
G2532, G3956
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adjective
Sounds like: kai-PAN
Translations: and all, even all, and everything, and everyone
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and' or 'even', and the adjective/pronoun 'πᾶν' (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every'. Together, 'ΚΑΙΠΑΝ' means 'and all' or 'even all', emphasizing the totality of something. It is often used to include every single part or person in a group.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ip-PAH-see-mon
Translations: passable by horses, fit for horses, suitable for cavalry
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'passable by horses' or 'fit for horses'. It describes terrain or a path that can be traversed by horses or cavalry. For example, one might describe a road as 'hippasimon' if it is wide and smooth enough for horses to travel on.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΙΠΠΑΣΙΜΟΝ' is derived from the Greek word 'ΙΠΠΟΣ' (hippos), meaning 'horse', combined with the suffix '-ασιμος' which indicates suitability or capability.
G4514
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys
Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.
G4903
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-er-GAY-san
Translations: they worked together, they cooperated, they helped, they assisted
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It means to work together with someone, to cooperate, or to assist. It describes a joint effort or collaboration towards a common goal.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΕΡΓΕΩ (ergeo), which is related to ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It literally means 'to work with'.
G4183, G2038
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PLAY-ston-eer-GAH-sah-toh
Translations: he did very much, he accomplished very much, he performed very much
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the superlative adjective 'πλεῖστος' (pleistos), meaning 'most' or 'very much', and the verb 'ἐργάζομαι' (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. The combined word means 'he did very much' or 'he accomplished a great deal'. It describes an action performed to a significant extent or with great impact.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular Number
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΠΡΑΓΜΟΝΕΩ, ΠΟΛΥΠΟΝΕΩ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G5408
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-non
Translations: murder, a murder, slaughter, a slaughter
Notes: This word refers to the act of murder or slaughter. It is used to describe the violent killing of a person or people. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what was done.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΚΟΠΗ
G5343
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: FEV-gon-tas
Translations: fleeing, running away, escaping, fugitives, those fleeing
Notes: ΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΑΣ is a present active participle derived from the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ, which means 'to flee,' 'to escape,' or 'to run away.' It describes someone who is actively in the process of fleeing or escaping. When used substantively, it refers to 'those who are fleeing' or 'fugitives.' It can function as a noun, referring to a group of people who are in flight.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative Plural; or Masculine, Nominative Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΡΑΠΕΤΑΙ
G0846, G5348
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ow-TON-ftha-NON-tes
Translations: anticipating them, reaching them first, arriving before them, coming to them first
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the genitive plural of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos), meaning 'them' or 'their', and the present active participle of the verb 'ΦΘΑΝΩ' (phthano), meaning 'to come before' or 'to anticipate'. Therefore, it means 'anticipating them' or 'coming to them first'. It describes an action of arriving or acting ahead of a group of people.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G1994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-peh-STREH-fon
Translations: they were returning, they were turning back, they were converting
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'epistrephō'. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, to) and 'strephō' (to turn). It describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that a group of people or things were in the process of returning, turning back, or converting. It can imply a physical turning or a spiritual turning (conversion).
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. The combination suggests a turning 'towards' or 'back to' something.
G3588, G3778
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1697
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DRO-moo
Translations: of a course, of a race, of a way, of a journey
Notes: This word refers to a course, a race, a way, or a journey. It is often used to describe a path or a direction, whether literal or figurative. In the provided examples, it refers to a physical path or a continuous movement, such as the course of fire or a racetrack.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΧΙΑ
G4892, G1358
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-ee-loo-MEH-nohnd-ee-ek-PAI-on-tess
Translations: being rolled together and breaking through, being gathered together and bursting forth
Notes: This is a compound word formed from two participles: 'συνειλουμένων' (from συνειλέω, meaning 'to roll together, to gather') and 'διεκπαίοντες' (from διεκπαίω, meaning 'to break through, to burst forth'). The entire word describes something that is simultaneously being rolled or gathered together and then breaking or bursting through. It depicts a forceful, combined action of compression and eruption.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive (for συνειλουμένων), Nominative (for διεκπαίοντες), Masculine or Neuter (for συνειλουμένων), Masculine (for διεκπαίοντες)
G555
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PEI-roos
Translations: boundless, countless, infinite, immense, without experience, inexperienced
Notes: This word describes something that is without limit, measure, or experience. It can refer to something that is boundless in quantity or extent, or someone who is inexperienced or ignorant in a particular matter. It is often used to emphasize a vast number or an immeasurable quality.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΜΕΤΡΟΣ, ἈΝΑΡΙΘΜΗΤΟΣ, ἈΠΕΡΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πεῖρα (peira), meaning 'trial', 'experience', or 'limit'. Thus, it literally means 'without trial' or 'without limit'.
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-EE-roon
Translations: they were killing, they were destroying, they were taking up, they were abolishing
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to seize'). In its imperfect form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to kill' or 'to destroy' (especially in a violent manner), or 'to take up' or 'to abolish'. For example, it could be used to say 'they were killing the enemies' or 'they were taking up the offerings'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΊΝΩ, ΚΤΕΊΝΩ, ὈΛΕΘΡΕΎΩ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-loy
Translations: others, some others, different ones
Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-looce
Translations: others, other, another, different
Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a different one or a different group. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He saw others' meaning he saw different people.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ
G3692
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: o-PEH
Translations: hole, a hole, opening, an opening, den, a den, cave, a cave
Notes: This word refers to a hole, opening, or a den/cave. It can describe a physical aperture or a dwelling place for animals or people, often implying a hidden or confined space. It is used in contexts where a physical breach or a natural cavity is being described.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΠΗΛΑΙΟΝ, ΦΩΛΕΟΣ
Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to see', referring to an opening for seeing. It is related to the idea of a 'window' or 'viewpoint' that developed into the meaning of a 'hole' or 'opening'.
G5157, G2944
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TREH-poyn-toh-koo-KLOO-meh-noy
Translations: they might turn themselves around, they might be turning themselves in a circle, they might be revolving
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn' or 'to change', and ΚΥΚΛΟΩ (kykloo), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to revolve'. The combined word describes an action of turning or changing direction while also revolving or moving in a circle. It implies a dynamic, circular movement or a change of direction that involves circling.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Optative, Middle Voice, Present Tense (from ΤΡΕΠΩ) and Nominative, Masculine, Plural, Present, Middle/Passive Participle (from ΚΥΚΛΟΩ)
G4029
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-LAU-non-tes
Translations: driving around, going around, ranging about, wandering about
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb περιελαύνω (perielaunō), meaning 'to drive around' or 'to go about'. It describes the action of moving or driving in a circular or extensive manner, often implying a wide range or a continuous movement. It combines περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', with ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive' or 'to propel'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ
Etymology: The verb περιελαύνω (perielaunō) is formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive', 'to push', or 'to march'.
G2690
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-kon-TEE-zon
Translations: they were spearing, they were throwing javelins at, they were shooting down
Notes: This word describes the action of throwing spears or javelins at someone or something, often with the implication of shooting them down or killing them. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κοντίζω (kontizō), meaning 'to throw a javelin'. It is used to describe an ongoing or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΚΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΤΙΤΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word κατακοντίζω (katakontizō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κοντίζω (kontizō), which comes from the noun κοντός (kontos), meaning 'pole' or 'javelin'.
G3303, G2453
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Conjunction, Noun
Sounds like: MEN ee-oo-DAH-yoyce
Translations: indeed Jews, on the one hand Jews, but Jews, to Jews, for Jews
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the particle 'ΜΕΝ' (men) and the dative plural of the noun 'ἸΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' (Ioudaios). 'ΜΕΝ' is a particle often used to introduce a statement, frequently in correlation with 'δέ' (de) to indicate a contrast or a two-part statement (e.g., 'on the one hand... on the other hand'). 'ἸΟΥΔΑΙΟΙΣ' means 'to/for Jews' or 'among Jews'. Together, the phrase means 'indeed to/for Jews', 'on the one hand to/for Jews', or 'but to/for Jews', depending on the context.
Inflection: ΜΕΝ: Does not inflect. ἸΟΥΔΑΙΟΙΣ: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-on
Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.
G2047
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-ray-MEE-ah
Translations: desert, a desert, wilderness, a wilderness, desolation, a desolation, solitude, a solitude
Notes: This word refers to a desolate or uninhabited place, such as a desert or wilderness. It can also denote a state of desolation, loneliness, or solitude. It is often used to describe physical locations that are barren or uncultivated, but can also refer to a metaphorical state of emptiness or abandonment.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΡΗΜΟΣ, ἘΡΗΜΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the adjective ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, uninhabited'. It describes a place or state characterized by emptiness or lack of inhabitants.
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G0276
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-may-khah-NEE-ahs
Translations: of perplexity, of distress, of helplessness, of difficulty, of impossibility
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without resources, at a loss, or in a difficult situation. It describes a feeling of helplessness or perplexity when faced with an insurmountable problem or an impossible task. It is often used to describe a situation where there is no way out or no solution.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ
G2716
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-FAH-ee-neh-toh
Translations: appeared, was appearing, became visible, was shown, was made clear
Notes: This word describes something that was appearing, becoming visible, or being shown. It is often used to indicate that something became evident or clear, or that someone was revealed in a certain way. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΜΦΑΝΙΖΩ
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-oy
Translations: Romans, a Roman
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to denote the people collectively or individually. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the Roman people or officials.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G2539
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: KAI-per
Translations: although, though, even though, even if, notwithstanding
Notes: This word is a compound particle used to introduce a concessive clause, meaning 'although' or 'even though'. It indicates that something is true despite a contrary condition or circumstance. It often appears with a participle, expressing a concession.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), meaning 'and' or 'even', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which is an intensive particle. Together, they form a strong concessive meaning.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tes
Translations: being, those who are, who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'being' or 'those who are' and functions like an adjective or a noun, describing the state of existence of a person or thing. It can be used to introduce a clause that explains the condition or identity of the subject.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: o-LI-goi
Translations: few, a few, little, small
Notes: This word describes a small quantity or number of something. It is used to indicate that there are not many of a particular item or group, or that something is of limited size or extent. For example, it can refer to a small number of people or a small amount of time.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small' or 'little'.
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-po-LEH-moh
Translations: to war, to the war, to battle, to the battle
Notes: This word is a compound of the definite article 'τῷ' (to the/for the) and the noun 'πολέμῳ' (war/battle). It means 'to the war' or 'to the battle', indicating the dative case, which often signifies the indirect object or the means/instrument. It refers to the act of engaging in conflict or the conflict itself.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΓΩΝ
G4052
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-een
Translations: to abound, to be over and above, to excel, to be left over, to have in abundance, to overflow
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to have an abundance of something, to be more than enough, or to excel. It can describe a surplus of material possessions, spiritual blessings, or even a superabundance of something negative. It is often used to indicate a state of overflowing or exceeding a certain measure.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: SFAHS
Translations: unknown, possibly a fragment
Notes: This word appears to be a fragment or a misspelling of a Koine Greek word. It is not a complete word on its own. Based on the provided examples, it might be part of a proper noun like 'ΜΑΣΦΑΣΣΑΤ' (Masphassat), which is a place name, or a truncation of a word like 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάγιον' (safe sacrifice) or 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάλλω' (to make safe from stumbling). Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and usage are unclear. It is highly probable that this is a typo or an incomplete word.
Inflection: Unknown
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G5274
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAM-bah-non
Translations: they supposed, they assumed, they received, they took up, they answered
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, to receive, to assume, to suppose, or to answer. In different contexts, it can refer to taking something up from below, receiving a person or idea, forming an opinion or assumption, or replying to someone.
Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ
G3303, G5359
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Part of Speech: Particle, Participle
Sounds like: men PROSS-fee-loh-nee-KOON-tohn
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, those who are contentious, those who quarrel, those who dispute, those who contend
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the particle 'μεν' (men) and the present active participle of the verb 'φιλονεικέω' (philoneikeō). 'Μεν' often introduces a clause that contrasts with a subsequent clause (often introduced by 'δε'), meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed'. 'Φιλονεικέω' means 'to love strife', 'to be contentious', or 'to quarrel'. Therefore, the phrase refers to 'those who are indeed contentious' or 'those who, on the one hand, are quarreling'. It describes a group of people characterized by their argumentative or quarrelsome nature.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ
G4431
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ptais-MAH-sin
Translations: to stumbles, a stumble, a fall, a fault, a trespass, a sin, a failure, a defeat, a disaster
Notes: This word refers to a stumble, a fall, or a failure, often with a moral or spiritual connotation, implying a fault, trespass, or sin. It can also refer to a defeat or disaster. It is used to describe instances where one deviates from the right path or fails to meet an expectation.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΣΦΑΛΜΑ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ai-DOY
Translations: genitals, private parts
Notes: This word refers to the private parts or genitals of a body. It is typically used in the plural form to denote these body parts. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the genitalia of animals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G5437
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foo-GAYS
Translations: of flight, of escape, of refuge, of banishment
Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing, escaping, or taking refuge. It can also denote banishment or exile. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'the time of flight' or 'the means of escape'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΦΥΓΗ, ΑΠΟΔΡΑΣΙΣ
G5036
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: takh-EYE-as
Translations: quick, swift, fast, rapid
Notes: This word describes something that is quick, swift, or rapid in motion or action. It can refer to speed, promptness, or a short duration. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being quick.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΚΥΣ, ΤΑΧΥΣ
G2532, G3339
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Noun
Sounds like: KAI-meh-ta-bo-LEES
Translations: and (of) change, also (of) change, even (of) change
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the conjunction 'και' (kai) meaning 'and', 'also', or 'even', and the noun 'μεταβολή' (metabolē) in its genitive singular form. The word 'μεταβολή' refers to a change, alteration, or transformation. In this genitive form, it often indicates the source or object of something, translating as 'of change' or 'of alteration'. The phrase together means 'and of change' or 'also of change', indicating an additional element related to transformation.
Inflection: ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect. ΜΕΤΑΒΟΛΗΣ: Singular, Genitive, Feminine.
Synonyms: ΤΕ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑΓΗ
G1680
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: el-PEE-dee
Translations: (to) hope, (in) hope, (with) hope, (to) expectation, (in) expectation, (with) expectation
Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'hope' or 'expectation'. It is often used in a spiritual or theological context, referring to a confident expectation or trust, particularly in God's promises. In the dative case, as seen here, it often indicates the means, instrument, or location, thus translating as 'in hope' or 'with hope'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΑ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2872
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: koh-pee-OHN-tohn
Translations: of those toiling, of those laboring, of those growing weary, of those working hard, of those becoming tired
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κοπιάω' (kopiáō), meaning 'to toil,' 'to labor,' 'to work hard,' or 'to grow weary.' As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are toiling' or 'those who are laboring,' indicating possession or association with such individuals. It describes people engaged in strenuous effort, whether physical or mental, often implying a sense of exhaustion or weariness resulting from that effort.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΜΟΧΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word κοπιάω (kopiáō) comes from the Greek word κόπος (kópos), meaning 'a striking, beating, toil, labor, trouble.' It refers to the effort or weariness resulting from hard work.
G2165
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ty-KHOON
Translations: to be fortunate, to prosper, to succeed, to have good fortune, to be successful
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be fortunate,' 'to prosper,' or 'to succeed.' It describes the state of having good luck or favorable circumstances. It can be used in sentences to indicate that someone is doing well or achieving their goals.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΟΔΟΩ, ΚΑΤΕΥΟΔΟΩ
G3900
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eh-TEI-nen
Translations: prolonged, extended, stretched out, continued
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παρατείνω' (parateino). It is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'τείνω' (teino), meaning 'to stretch'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that something was prolonged, extended, or continued over a period of time.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΤΕΙΝΩ
G3163
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MA-khee
Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict
Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.
G1181
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEI-lees
Translations: evening, a evening, dusk, late in the day
Notes: This word refers to the time of day when the sun sets, specifically evening or dusk. It is often used to indicate the period from late afternoon until nightfall. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the evening time, such as 'in the evening' or 'at evening'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'fear' or 'cowardice' (δείλη, 'cowardice'), possibly referring to the time when shadows lengthen and things become less clear or more uncertain.
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-ee-REH-thay-san
Translations: they were killed, they were destroyed, they were taken up, they were taken away
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist indicative passive form of the verb ἀναιρέω. In the passive voice, it primarily means 'to be killed' or 'to be destroyed'. It can also mean 'to be taken up' or 'to be taken away', especially in contexts referring to a person's death or removal. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, and the subject of the verb is the one receiving the action.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (hairéō, 'to take, seize'). The combination suggests 'to take up' or 'to take away', which then developed the meaning 'to destroy' or 'to kill'.
G3463
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: MOO-ree-oy
Translations: ten thousand, innumerable, countless, myriad
Notes: This word refers to the number ten thousand. However, it is also frequently used to denote an indefinitely large or countless number, similar to how 'myriad' is used in English. It can function as a numeral or an adjective, describing a quantity of something.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative. It can also be used in other cases (Genitive, Dative, Accusative) and genders (Feminine, Neuter) depending on the noun it modifies.
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΡΙΘΜΗΤΟΙ, ΑΜΕΤΡΗΤΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mey- (to diminish, to change). The word originally referred to a very large, but not necessarily infinite, number, and later specifically to ten thousand.
G0706
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: a-rith-MON
Translations: number, a number, sum, total
Notes: This word refers to a quantity or a count of things. It is used to denote a specific amount or a total sum, often appearing in contexts where enumeration or calculation is involved.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΜΕΤΡΟΝ
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-geh-MO-nohn
Translations: of leaders, of rulers, of governors, of commanders
Notes: This word refers to those who lead, rule, or command. It is used to describe individuals in positions of authority, such as governors, military commanders, or heads of state. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of leaders' or 'belonging to rulers'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΩΝ
Etymology: From the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead, to guide, to think, to consider'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: TEH-kai
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word is not a recognized word in Koine Greek. It is highly probable that it is a misspelling or a typographical error. It might be a garbled form of another word, or perhaps part of a larger compound word that has been truncated. Without further context or correction, its meaning cannot be determined.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: Cannot find any information about the origin of this word, as it does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word.
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: LOY-poy
Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover
Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G5134
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: trow-ma-TEE-ai
Translations: wounded men, wounded people, injured men, injured people
Notes: This word refers to individuals who have suffered a wound or injury. It is used to describe those who are physically harmed, often in battle or through an accident. It functions as a plural noun in a sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΤΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΥΜΑΤΙΑΣ (traumatias) comes from the Greek word ΤΡΑΥΜΑ (trauma), meaning 'wound' or 'injury'.
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G4035
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-LEH-poh-meh-noh
Translations: remaining, left over, surviving, being left behind
Notes: This word is a present participle, middle/passive voice, of the verb 'perileipō', meaning 'to be left over' or 'to remain'. It describes something that is left behind or survives after others have gone or been removed. It is a compound word formed from 'peri' (around, about) and 'leipō' (to leave).
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: NEE-geh-ree
Translations: Niger
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically a personal name. In the provided context, it refers to a leader or general from Idumea. Proper nouns like this are used to identify specific individuals.
Inflection: Singular, Dative
Etymology: The name 'Niger' is Latin for 'black'. It was a common cognomen (surname) in ancient Rome and was also used as a personal name.
G2489
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-doo-MAH-ee-as
Translations: (of) Idumaea
Notes: Idumaea was a historical region located south of Judea, corresponding to the biblical land of Edom. It was inhabited by the Edomites, who were descendants of Esau. The word is used to refer to this specific geographical area.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Edom', referring to the land and descendants of Esau.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G4173
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LICK-nen
Translations: town, a town, city, a city, village, a village
Notes: This word refers to a small town or village, often implying a settlement that is smaller than a major city (πόλις). It is used to describe a place where people live, typically with some infrastructure but not the scale of a metropolis. In the provided examples, it refers to a specific small town or settlement.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΠΟΛΙΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHAH-ahl-lees-kah-LEH-tah-ee
Translations: Chaalliskaleitai
Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely the name of a specific place, possibly a town or village, given the context of the example usage. It is not a standard Koine Greek word and is likely a transliteration of a foreign place name into Greek script. The structure does not conform to typical Greek morphology, suggesting it is not derived from Greek roots.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is likely a transliteration of a foreign place name into Greek, rather than a word derived from Greek roots. Its precise etymology is unknown without knowing the original language it was transliterated from.
G4933
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EH-foo-gon
Translations: fled together, took refuge, escaped together, gathered for refuge
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb φεύγω (pheugō, meaning 'to flee'). It means 'to flee together,' 'to take refuge together,' or 'to escape together.' It describes a situation where multiple individuals or a group collectively seek safety by fleeing to a common place or escaping a shared danger. It is used in the aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΕΥΓΩ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-ohn
Translations: of Romans, of the Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of the Romans' or 'belonging to the Romans'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: The word Ῥωμαῖος (Rhomaios) is derived from Ῥώμη (Rhōmē), the Greek name for Rome. It refers to an inhabitant of the city or empire of Rome.
G3778, G1161
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: TAYS-deh-TAYS
Translations: of this, of this one, but of this, and of this
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the genitive singular feminine demonstrative pronoun 'ΤΗΣ' (tēs), meaning 'of this' or 'of this one', followed by the postpositive conjunction 'ΔΕ' (de), meaning 'but' or 'and', and then another instance of 'ΤΗΣ'. It functions to emphasize 'of this' or 'of this one' in a genitive context, often introducing a contrast or continuation. It would typically be used to modify a feminine noun in the genitive case.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine
G3913
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pah-rah-TAH-kseh-ohs
Translations: of battle array, of battle line, of battle, of array, of order
Notes: This word refers to the arrangement of troops for battle, a battle line, or the act of drawing up an army in formation. It can also refer more generally to an array or order. In a sentence, it would describe something belonging to or related to a military formation or a state of readiness for conflict.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΣΥΝΤΑΞΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΤΑΞΙΣ is derived from the verb παρατάσσω (paratassō), meaning 'to arrange side by side' or 'to draw up in battle array'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'.
G5180
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TROH-thay-san
Translations: they were wounded, they were hurt
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they were wounded' or 'they were hurt'. It describes an action that happened to a group of people in the past, indicating that they suffered an injury. It is often used in contexts describing battles or conflicts.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΛΗΓΗΣΑΝ, ΕΒΛΗΘΗΣΑΝ
Etymology: The word τιτρώσκω (titrōskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₁- meaning 'to rub, to turn, to bore'. It is an iterative or frequentative form of the older verb τρώω (trōō).
G3376, G3378
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: MAYN
Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly
Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.
Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ
Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.
G5082
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: tay-lee-KAH-oo-tay
Translations: so great, such great, so large, such large, so great a, such a great
Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something of a certain magnitude or extent, often emphasizing its greatness or size. It is used to indicate that something is 'so great' or 'of such a kind/size'. It can be used to describe both physical size and abstract concepts like power or importance.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΤΗΛΙΚΑΥΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the demonstrative adverb τηλίκος (tēlíkos), meaning 'of such an age, so old, so great', and the particle αὖ (au), meaning 'again, moreover', combined with the suffix -τος. It emphasizes the degree or extent of something.
G4842
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soom-fo-RAH
Translations: calamity, a calamity, disaster, a disaster, misfortune, a misfortune, adversity, an adversity
Notes: This word refers to an unfortunate event or situation, such as a calamity, disaster, or misfortune. It is often used to describe a severe setback or a state of adversity. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry', implying something brought together or borne upon one.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΝ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΔΥΣΤΥΧΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΟΡΑ is derived from the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It literally means 'that which is brought together' or 'that which happens together', evolving to signify an unfortunate occurrence.
G2687
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tes-TAH-lee-san
Translations: they were restrained, they were quieted, they were suppressed, they were put down
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to put down, suppress, quiet, or restrain. It describes an action where something or someone is brought under control or made to cease activity. It is often used in contexts of quelling disturbances or calming a crowd.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tah-froh-NEE-mah-tah
Translations: pride, arrogance, haughtiness, high-mindedness
Notes: This word refers to a state of mind characterized by pride, arrogance, or haughtiness. It describes an elevated or inflated sense of self-importance, often leading to a disdain for others or an overestimation of one's own abilities. It is a compound word, likely derived from a verb related to 'thinking' or 'being minded' (φρονέω) combined with a prefix or stem that intensifies or directs this thought towards an elevated state.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ, ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G3804
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PA-thos
Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience
Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-GAY-reh
Translations: he raised, he awoke, he stirred up, he lifted up
Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΕΓΕΙΡΩ. It means 'he raised,' 'he awoke,' 'he stirred up,' or 'he lifted up.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, such as raising someone from sleep or death, or causing something to rise or appear.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΥΨΟΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΓΕΙΡΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to rouse' or 'to awaken.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G5111, G5112
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: TOL-mas
Translations: you dare, you are bold, daring, boldness, a daring, a boldness
Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold,' or as a noun meaning 'daring' or 'boldness.' As a verb, it describes the act of having the courage or audacity to do something. As a noun, it refers to the quality or act of being daring. In the provided examples, it appears as both a verb (e.g., 'why do you dare?') and a noun (e.g., 'their daring').
Inflection: Verb: Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active; Noun: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑ
G5237
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-per-o-RON-tes
Translations: despising, overlooking, looking down upon, disdaining, scorning
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'hyperoraō'. It describes someone who is actively despising, overlooking, or looking down upon something or someone. It implies a sense of disdain or scorn. For example, it could be used to describe people who are 'despising' a certain situation or 'looking down upon' others.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ
G4228
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PO-see
Translations: (to) foot, (to) feet
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'foot'. It refers to the lower extremity of the leg, used for standing and walking. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can refer to a single foot or multiple feet.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G3498
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEK-roos
Translations: dead, the dead, dead ones
Notes: This word refers to something or someone that is dead. It is often used as an adjective to describe a person or thing, but it can also function as a noun, referring to 'the dead' collectively or 'dead ones'. It is used to describe a state of being without life.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΘΑΝΟΝ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΕΣ
G1185
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-deh-leh-AH-zon-toh
Translations: they were being enticed, they were being lured, they were being deceived
Notes: This word describes the action of being enticed, lured, or deceived. It implies a passive state where someone is being drawn into something, often by bait or trickery. It is typically used to describe a situation where individuals are being tempted or led astray.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pro-TEH-roys
Translations: former, earlier, previous, prior, of former times, of earlier times
Notes: This word describes something that existed or happened before something else in time or order. It is used to indicate a preceding state, event, or group of people. For example, it could refer to 'former things' or 'those who came before'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ
G2728
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tor-THOH-mah-sin
Translations: (to) righteous deeds, (to) successful achievements, (to) good deeds, (to) accomplishments
Notes: This word refers to successful achievements, righteous deeds, or accomplishments. It is often used in a context of moral or ethical success, indicating actions that are done correctly or justly. It is a compound word, formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against, according to') and ὀρθόω (orthoō, 'to make straight, to set right').
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΙΣ, ΠΡΑΞΕΣΙΝ, ΚΑΤΟΡΘΩΣΕΣΙΝ
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ran
Translations: second, a second, another, next
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'second' or 'next'. It is used to indicate the ordinal position of something in a sequence, such as 'the second day' or 'the second time'. It can also refer to 'another' or 'a different' one when distinguishing from a first item.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1277
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: dee-ah-lee-PON-tes
Translations: having left, having ceased, having intervened, having paused, having omitted, having neglected
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave' or 'to fail'). As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often indicating a cessation, a pause, or an omission. It is used to describe someone or something that has left a space, ceased an activity, or allowed a period of time to intervene.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΑΦΕΝΤΕΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OOD
Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.
G3745
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-son
Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as
Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').
G2390
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ah-SAH-sthai
Translations: to heal, to cure, to restore, to make whole
Notes: This word means to heal, cure, or restore someone to health. It is often used in the context of physical healing, but can also refer to spiritual or moral restoration. It describes the act of bringing someone from a state of illness or brokenness to a state of wholeness.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ, ΣΩΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G5139
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TRAV-mah-tah
Translations: wounds, injuries, a wound, an injury
Notes: This word refers to physical wounds or injuries. It is typically used to describe damage to the body, such as cuts, bruises, or other forms of trauma. It can be used in a general sense to refer to any kind of bodily harm.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΑΙ, ΕΛΚΗ
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-min
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. It is used to describe the capacity to perform something, whether physical, moral, or spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PA-san
Translations: all, every, whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of something. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1995
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-soo-LEH-xahn-tes
Translations: having gathered together, having collected, having assembled
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and συλλέγω (syllegō, 'to gather, collect'). It means to gather or collect thoroughly, or to gather in addition to something else. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, often translated as 'having gathered' or 'when they had gathered'. It can be used to describe the act of assembling people or collecting resources.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπισυλλέγω (episyllegō) is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon, over, in addition to', and the verb συλλέγω (syllegō), meaning 'to gather, collect'. The verb συλλέγω itself comes from σύν (syn), meaning 'with, together', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to pick, gather, say'.
G3710
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: or-GHEE-loh-teh-ron
Translations: more prone to anger, more irritable, more wrathful, a more wrathful thing, more angrily, more wrathfully
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'orgilos' (prone to anger) or the adverb 'orgilōs' (angrily). As an adjective, it describes something or someone as 'more prone to anger' or 'more irritable'. As an adverb, it describes an action done 'more angrily' or 'more wrathfully'. It indicates a higher degree of anger or irritability.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Comparative (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΩΔΕΣΤΕΡΟΝ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩΤΕΡΟΝ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: pol-LOH
Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLEY-OOS
Translations: more, many, numerous, a greater number
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. It is used to indicate a greater quantity or number of something, often translated as 'more' or 'more numerous'. It can be used with a genitive case to mean 'more than' or followed by 'η' (than) to express comparison.
Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΝΑ, ΠΟΛΛΟΙ
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ah-lin-DRO-moo-oon
Translations: they were returning, they were going back, they were retreating
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to return', 'to go back', or 'to retreat'. It describes an action of moving back to a previous position or state. It is used to indicate a backward movement, often in the context of an army or group of people withdrawing.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ
G3932
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EI-peh-toh
Translations: followed, accompanied, attended, went along with
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to follow alongside' or 'to accompany'. It describes an action of moving with or attending someone or something. It is often used to indicate that one thing is a consequence or accompaniment of another.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΑΙ
G559
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pei-REE-as
Translations: of inexperience, of ignorance, of lack of experience, of want of experience
Notes: This word refers to a state of lacking experience, skill, or knowledge in a particular area. It describes a condition of being inexperienced or ignorant, often implying a lack of practical understanding or familiarity with something. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πειρα' (peira, meaning 'trial' or 'experience').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΙΑ, ΑΜΑΘΙΑ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lohn
Translations: of other, of others, of another, of different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct from those already mentioned or implied. As a genitive plural, it often translates to 'of others' or 'of other things', indicating possession or relation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΩΝ, ΛΟΙΠΩΝ
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pros-POH-leh-mon
Translations: warlike, hostile, an enemy, an opponent in war
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ (polemos), meaning 'war'. As an adjective, it describes something as warlike or hostile. As a noun, it refers to an enemy or an opponent in war. It can be used to describe a person, a group, or even a situation that is antagonistic or related to conflict.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the noun ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ (polemos), meaning 'war'.
G1642
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-las-SOH-mah-tohn
Translations: of diminutions, of defects, of failures, of shortcomings, of losses
Notes: This word refers to a diminution, defect, failure, or loss. It describes something that is less than it should be, or a state of being inferior or lacking. It is used to indicate a deficiency or a disadvantage.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΗΤΤΗΜΑ, ΕΛΑΤΤΩΜΑ, ΖΗΜΙΑ
G4387
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-teh-rah
Translations: former, earlier, previous, prior
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'former' or 'earlier'. It is used to describe something that came before in time or order. For example, it can refer to 'former days' or 'previous things'. It often appears in comparative contexts, indicating something is 'more former' or 'prior' to something else.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ
G445
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-TOH-nee-oo
Translations: of Antony
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Antony'. It refers to a male individual named Antony, a common Roman family name. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the house of Antony' or 'Antony's house'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Antony' is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens name 'Antonius'. It was a prominent family name in ancient Rome, famously borne by Mark Antony.
G3933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tas-pa-ROH-doos
Translations: the ways, the passages, the roads, the approaches, the byways
Notes: This word refers to a way, a passage, a road, or an approach. It can describe a path or route, often implying a side road or a way alongside something. In the provided context, it refers to 'the approaches' or 'the passages' that someone might ambush.
Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pro-lo-KHEE-san-tos
Translations: of having ambushed, of one who ambushed, of having lain in wait, of one who lay in wait
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προλοχίζω' (prolochizo), meaning 'to lie in ambush' or 'to set an ambush'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by someone, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it indicates a past action completed by a masculine or neuter singular subject, and its genitive case often implies possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' or 'concerning' the action.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΩ, ΛΟΧΕΥΩ
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-DOH-kay-toy
Translations: unexpected, unlooked for, unforeseen, surprising
Notes: This word describes something that is not expected or anticipated. It refers to events, circumstances, or things that happen suddenly and without prior warning or expectation. It can be used to describe an unforeseen danger, an unexpected success, or a surprising turn of events.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΟΣ
G1749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-ED-raiss
Translations: ambushes, traps, lying in wait, plots
Notes: This word refers to a place or act of lying in wait, typically for the purpose of an ambush or a trap. It describes a hidden position from which an attack can be launched, or a deceptive scheme designed to ensnare someone. It is often used in military contexts or when discussing plots and conspiracies.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΙ, ΠΑΓΙΔΕΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΑΙ
G1706
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-pe-SON-tes
Translations: falling into, having fallen into, rushing upon, encountering, striking against, happening upon
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ' (empiptō), meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It describes an action of entering or encountering something, often with a sense of suddenness or force. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and 'πίπτω' (piptō, 'to fall'). It can be used to describe people or things that have fallen into a state, a place, or encountered a situation.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ
G2532, G5259
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: kahee-oo-POH
Translations: and by, and under, and from, and with
Notes: This is a compound word formed by the conjunction "καί" (kai), meaning "and" or "also," and the preposition "ὑπό" (hypo), meaning "under," "by," or "from." When combined, it typically means "and by" or "and under," indicating a combination of actions or states. The specific meaning of "ὑπό" can vary depending on the case of the noun it governs; with the genitive, it often indicates agency ("by"), and with the accusative, it indicates motion or position "under."
Inflection: Does not inflect (compound of two uninflected words)
G4250
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: PRIN
Translations: before, sooner, until, ere
Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).
G3163
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MA-khen
Translations: battle, fight, combat, a battle, a fight, a combat
Notes: This word refers to a battle, fight, or combat. It is typically used to describe a physical conflict or struggle between individuals or groups. It can be used in contexts ranging from a small skirmish to a large-scale war.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ
G4929
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-tax-AS-thai
Translations: to arrange, to draw up, to array, to put in order, to organize, to appoint, to command
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb τάσσω (tasso, meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'). It generally means to arrange or draw up things or people together, often in a military context to form ranks or battle lines. It can also mean to organize, appoint, or command.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word τάσσω (tasso) comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. The prefix σύν (syn) means 'with' or 'together'.
G2944
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: koo-KLO-then-tes
Translations: surrounded, encircled, hemmed in, encompassed
Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'κυκλόω' (kykloō), meaning 'to surround' or 'to encircle'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been surrounded or encircled. It is often used to describe a state of being enclosed, whether by people, objects, or circumstances, implying a sense of being hemmed in or encompassed.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'κυκλόω' (kykloō) comes from 'κύκλος' (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring'. It describes the action of forming a circle around something or someone.
G3825, G4098
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-lin-PIP-too-see
Translations: they fall back, they fall again, they relapse
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'πάλιν' (palin), meaning 'again' or 'back', and 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes the action of falling back or relapsing, often in a moral or spiritual sense, but can also refer to a physical return to a previous state. It implies a return to a former, often undesirable, condition.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ, ΥΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3758
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: ok-tah-KIS-khee-lee-oos
Translations: eight thousand
Notes: This word is a compound numeral meaning 'eight thousand'. It is used to quantify a group of eight thousand units, typically people or things. For example, it might be used to describe the number of soldiers or inhabitants.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek terms: οκτάκις (oktakis), meaning 'eight times', and χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'thousand'.
G5343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-FYOO-gon
Translations: fled, escaped, ran away
Notes: This word means to flee, escape, or run away. It describes the act of moving quickly away from a place or situation, often due to danger or fear. It is used to indicate a past action of fleeing.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G5343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foo-GAYN
Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a fleeing
Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing or escaping, often from danger or pursuit. It can describe a rapid departure or a strategic withdrawal. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the action of someone or a group of people running away.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ
Etymology: The word ΦΥΓΗ (phygē) comes from the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bheug- meaning 'to flee'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-tol-MEE-as
Translations: (of) boldness, (of) daring, (of) courage, (of) audacity
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being bold, daring, or courageous. It describes a readiness to take risks or face danger, often implying a sense of confidence or fearlessness. It is used to describe the characteristic of someone who acts with bravery or audacity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ
Etymology: The word Εὐτολμία (eutolmia) is a compound word derived from the prefix εὐ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun τόλμα (tolma), meaning 'daring' or 'boldness'. Thus, it literally means 'good daring' or 'well-placed boldness'.
G1925, G2041
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-DEIK-sah-MEH-nohs ER-gah
Translations: having shown works, having displayed deeds, having demonstrated actions
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the aorist middle participle of the verb ἘΠΙΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ (epideiknymi), meaning 'to show, display, demonstrate,' and the plural noun ἜΡΓΑ (erga), meaning 'works, deeds, actions.' Together, it means 'having shown works' or 'having displayed deeds.' It describes someone who has completed the action of showing or demonstrating something, specifically their works or actions.
Inflection: ἘΠΙΔΕΙΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ἜΡΓΑ: Noun, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
G4876
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-LAU-non-tai
Translations: they are driven together, they are pressed together, they are forced together, they are impelled together
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΕΛΑΥΝΩ (to drive, to push). In its passive form, it means to be driven or pressed together, often implying a forceful or compelling action that brings multiple entities into close proximity or conflict. It describes a situation where individuals or groups are compelled to move or act collectively due to external forces.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΩΘΟΥΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΩΘΙΖΟΝΤΑΙ
G4350
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-kee-MEH-non
Translations: those who are near, those who are attached, those who are devoted, those who are joined, those who are lying near, those who are added, those who are present, those who are related
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are lying near,' 'those who are attached,' or 'those who are devoted.' It describes individuals who are closely associated with, added to, or belonging to a particular group or place. In the provided context, it refers to those who are 'among you' or 'with you,' often implying a status of being resident aliens or proselytes who have joined the community of Israel.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΗΛΥΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΩΝ
G4444, G3735
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: PYR-go-NO-khoo-ron
Translations: fortified tower, a fortified tower, strong tower, a strong tower
Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'fortified tower' or 'strong tower'. It describes a tower that is made secure and difficult to attack. It can be used as a noun to refer to such a structure or as an adjective to describe a tower.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ὈΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ
G2968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-mays
Translations: of a village, of a town, of a country town
Notes: This word refers to a village, a small town, or a country town. It is used to describe a settlement that is smaller than a city but larger than a mere collection of houses. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of a village'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom- (meaning 'village, settlement'). It is related to the Latin 'vicus' (village) and the English 'home'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: BEL-zeh-dek
Translations: Belzedek
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely a personal name or a place name. Without further context, its specific meaning or identity is not clear. It does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word found in common lexicons, suggesting it might be a less common name, a transliteration of a foreign name, or potentially a unique or misspelled term within the given text.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The etymology of this specific proper noun is not readily available in standard Koine Greek resources. It may be a transliteration of a foreign name or a unique coinage.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nays
Translations: called, being called, named, being named, a called one, a named one
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. It describes someone or something that is being called or named. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively to refer to 'the one who is called' or 'the one who is named'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΗΣ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-TOH-nee-on
Translations: Antony
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person named Antony. In the context of historical Greek texts, it most commonly refers to Mark Antony, the Roman politician and general.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5613, G3383
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OHS-may-teh
Translations: so that not, in such a way that not, neither...nor
Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'so that', and μήτε (mēte), meaning 'neither' or 'nor'. It is used to introduce a negative purpose or result clause, indicating that something happens in such a way that a certain negative outcome does not occur. It can also function as a double negative, meaning 'neither...nor', especially when repeated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G5147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TREE-boyn-toh
Translations: they might be worn out, they might spend time, they might rub, they might be rubbed, they might be occupied
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'tribō', which means to rub, wear out, or spend time. In this form, it suggests a potential or hypothetical action, indicating that a group of people might be worn out, might be spending time, or might be occupied with something. It can refer to physical wear and tear, or to the expenditure of time or effort on a task.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present, Optative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΡΙΒΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- ('to rub, turn, bore'). It is related to words meaning 'to rub' or 'to grind'.
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-gon
Translations: tower, a tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, which is a tall, narrow building or structure. It can be used to describe a watchtower, a fortified structure, or any elevated building. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating something that is built, attacked, or observed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tah
Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ
Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doo-sah-LOH-ton
Translations: hard to capture, impregnable, difficult to take, a hard-to-capture thing
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'hard to capture' or 'impregnable'. It is used to describe places, structures, or even people that are difficult to overcome or conquer. It combines the prefix 'δυσ-' (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', with 'ἁλωτός' (halōtos), meaning 'capturable' or 'vulnerable'. Thus, it literally means 'difficult to be captured'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΜΑΧΟΝ, ΑΝΕΠΙΒΑΤΟΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'difficult' or 'bad', and the adjective ΑΛΩΤΟΣ (halōtos), meaning 'capturable' or 'vulnerable', which comes from the verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), 'to be captured'.
G3383
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: MAY-teh
Translations: neither, nor
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a series, meaning 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It emphasizes the exclusion of all listed possibilities.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ, ΟΥΤΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the enclitic particle ΤΕ (te), which means 'and'. It is used to connect negative clauses.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: ZOHN-tah
Translations: living, alive, living ones
Notes: This word is the neuter plural (nominative or accusative) or masculine plural (accusative) form of the present active participle of the verb 'to live'. It describes something or someone that is currently alive or has the quality of being alive. It is often used to refer to 'living things' or 'living beings'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Neuter Plural (Nominative or Accusative) or Masculine Plural (Accusative)
Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΑ, ΕΝΕΡΓΑ
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ton-hay-ge-MOH-na
Translations: the leader, a leader, the governor, a governor, the ruler, a ruler
Notes: This is the accusative masculine singular form of the noun 'ἡγεμών' (hēgemōn), meaning 'leader,' 'governor,' or 'ruler.' It is used when the leader is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case. The 'τον' part is the definite article 'the' in the accusative masculine singular, indicating that the noun 'leader' is definite.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
G1081
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: gen-NAI-oh-ton
Translations: most noble, most excellent, most brave, most generous, a most noble one, an excellent one
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'gennaios', meaning 'noble' or 'brave'. It describes something or someone as being the most noble, excellent, or brave among a group. It is used to emphasize the highest degree of these qualities.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΓΕΝΕΣΤΑΤΟΣ
G4008
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-EE-doy-en
Translations: they might overlook, they might disregard, they might permit, they might allow
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to overlook', 'to disregard', 'to permit', or 'to allow'. It describes the action of seeing something but choosing not to intervene or to let it happen. It is a compound word formed from 'ΠΕΡΙ' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'ΟΡΑΩ' (horao), meaning 'to see'.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ
G5260
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-PIM-pra-see-toh
Translations: to set on fire, to burn, to kindle, to ignite
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'secretly') and the verb πίμπρημι (pimprāmi, meaning 'to burn'). It means to set something on fire, to burn it, or to kindle it, often implying a hidden or underlying action of burning. It can be used to describe the act of igniting a fire or causing something to be consumed by flames.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb πίμπρημι (pimprāmi), meaning 'to burn'. The verb πίμπρημι is thought to be a reduplicated form of an older root related to burning.
G5394
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: fleh-go-MEH-noo
Translations: of burning, of being burned, of being ablaze, of being inflamed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to burn' or 'to be inflamed'. It describes something that is currently in the process of burning or being consumed by fire. As a genitive participle, it often functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, or substantively, meaning 'of the one burning' or 'of that which is burning'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive or Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΦΛΕΓΩ (phlegō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to burn, to shine'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to fire or light.
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-goo
Translations: of a tower, of the tower, a tower, the tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, a fortified structure, or a bastion. It is used to describe a tall, strong building, often part of a city wall or a fortress, providing defense or observation. It can also refer to a watchtower or a stronghold.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΑΚΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ
G0395, G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-na-kho-ROO-see-ge-GAY-tho-tes
Translations: they withdraw rejoicing, they depart having rejoiced, they retreat joyfully
Notes: This appears to be a compound word or, more likely, two words written together as one due to a scribal error or a specific manuscript tradition. It combines the verb 'ἀναχωροῦσι' (anachōrousi), meaning 'they withdraw' or 'they depart,' with the perfect active participle 'γεγηθότες' (gegēthotes), meaning 'having rejoiced' or 'rejoicing.' Thus, the combined meaning is 'they withdraw, rejoicing' or 'they depart, having rejoiced.' It describes an action of moving away accompanied by a state of joy.
Inflection: Third-person Plural, Present, Indicative, Active (for ἀναχωροῦσι); Masculine, Plural, Nominative, Perfect, Active, Participle (for γεγηθότες)
G1311
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dee-ef-thar-MEH-noo
Translations: of corrupted, of destroyed, of ruined, of depraved, of spoiled
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been corrupted,' 'having been destroyed,' or 'having been ruined.' It describes something that has undergone a process of decay, destruction, or moral depravity. It is used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun is in a state of having been affected by corruption or destruction.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΑΤΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΥ
G3526
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: NEE-geh-ross
Translations: black, a black
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'black' or 'dark-colored'. It is used to describe the color of objects, people, or even abstract concepts like darkness. It can be used attributively (e.g., 'the black horse') or predicatively (e.g., 'the horse is black').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΛΑΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΝΙΓΕΡΟΣ' is of Latin origin, derived from the Latin word 'niger', meaning 'black'. It was adopted into Koine Greek.
G3458, G3588
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Article
Sounds like: moo-KHAH-ee-tah-ton too
Translations: innermost, deepest, most remote, of the, the
Notes: This appears to be a compound word formed by the superlative adjective 'μυχαίτατον' (mychaitaton), meaning 'innermost' or 'deepest', and the genitive singular definite article 'τοῦ' (tou), meaning 'of the'. It describes the most secluded or deepest part of something, often a place. For example, it could be used to refer to the innermost part of a fortress or a cave.
Inflection: Superlative, Singular, Accusative, Neuter (for μυχαίτατον); Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter (for τοῦ)
Etymology: The word 'μυχός' (mychos), from which 'μυχαίτατον' is derived, refers to an innermost part or corner. The article 'τοῦ' (tou) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *so-/*sa-/*to-.
G5432
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: phroo-REE-oo
Translations: of a garrison, of a fortress, of a stronghold, of a guard, of a prison
Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a garrison, fortress, or stronghold, used for defense or as a place of confinement. It can also refer to the act of guarding or keeping watch. In the provided context, it clearly refers to a physical structure.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ
Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'.
G4693
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: spee-LAI-on
Translations: cave, a cave, den, a den
Notes: This word refers to a natural hollow or a large chamber in the side of a hill or cliff, or underground. It is typically used to describe a place of shelter or hiding, or a dwelling for animals. For example, one might enter into a cave or stand under a cave.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΠΗ, ΚΟΙΛΩΜΑ
Etymology: From σπῆλαιον (spēlaion), which is related to σπέος (speos), meaning 'cave' or 'grotto'.
G2600
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-pee-DAY-sas
Translations: leaping down, jumping down, having leaped down, having jumped down
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having leaped down' or 'leaping down'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (down) and the verb 'πηδάω' (to leap or jump). It is used to describe someone who quickly descends by jumping.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΗΔΑΩ, ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΠΗΔΑΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb πηδάω (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to jump'. The combination signifies the action of leaping or jumping downwards.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G1295
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-SOH-zeh-tai
Translations: is preserved, is saved, is kept safe, is brought safely through, is rescued
Notes: This word is the third person singular present passive indicative form of the verb 'διασῴζω' (diasōizō). It means 'to be preserved' or 'to be saved' or 'to be brought safely through'. It describes an action where someone or something is kept safe or rescued from danger, often implying a complete and successful deliverance. For example, 'He is preserved' or 'It is kept safe'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G3326
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3623
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-loh-foor-MOO
Translations: (of) lamentation, (of) wailing, (of) mourning, (of) a lamentation, (of) a wailing, (of) a mourning
Notes: This word refers to a loud expression of grief or sorrow, such as wailing or lamentation. It describes the act or sound of mourning, often accompanied by tears and cries. It is typically used to describe a state of deep distress or sorrow.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΕΤΟΥ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥ, ΟΙΜΩΓΗΣ
Etymology: The word ὈΛΟΦΥΡΜΟΣ (olophyrmos) comes from the verb ὀλοφύρομαι (olophyromai), meaning 'to lament' or 'to wail'. It is a compound word formed from ὅλος (holos), meaning 'whole' or 'entire', and φύρομαι (phyromai), meaning 'to mix' or 'to defile oneself', which in this context implies a complete giving over to grief.
G2743
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kay-DEH-ee-an
Translations: care, anxiety, funeral, burial, a funeral, a burial
Notes: This word refers to care, concern, or anxiety, often with a sense of responsibility or solicitude. It can also specifically denote a funeral or burial, reflecting the care given to the deceased. In a sentence, it might describe someone's deep concern for a matter or the arrangements for a funeral.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑ, ΤΑΦΗ, ΕΝΤΑΦΙΑΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΗΔΕΙΑ (kēdeia) comes from the verb κήδω (kēdō), meaning 'to care for, to trouble oneself about'. It is related to the idea of concern and responsibility.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OW-toh-neh-REH-oo-noh-sin
Translations: to examine oneself, to investigate oneself, to search oneself
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix αὐτο- (auto-), meaning 'self', and the verb ἐρευνάω (ereunao), meaning 'to search, examine, or investigate'. Therefore, αὐτονἐρεύνωσιν means 'to examine oneself' or 'to investigate oneself'. It describes the act of self-scrutiny or introspection.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
Etymology: This word is a compound of αὐτό (auto), meaning 'self', and ἐρευνάω (ereunao), meaning 'to search, examine'. The verb ἐρευνάω is derived from ἔρευνα (ereuna), meaning 'a search, inquiry'.
G5296
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-poph-THENG-geh-tai
Translations: to speak in a low voice, to mutter, to whisper, to speak secretly, to speak in response, to reply
Notes: This word describes the act of speaking in a low, subdued, or secret manner, often in response to something. It can imply muttering, whispering, or speaking under one's breath. It is used to convey a quiet or hesitant utterance.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΨΙΘΥΡΙΖΩ, ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under, secretly”) and φθέγγομαι (phthéngomai, “to utter a sound, to speak”). It literally means "to speak under" or "to speak secretly."
G4281
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-EL-thohn
Translations: having gone forth, having gone forward, having come forth, having advanced, having proceeded
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forth' or 'to go forward'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to modify the main verb in a sentence. It indicates that someone or something has moved from one place to another, or advanced in some way, before the action of the main verb takes place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩΝ
G5479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kha-RAS
Translations: of joy, of gladness, of delight
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a state of great pleasure and happiness. It is often used to describe the inner feeling of joy or gladness, particularly in a spiritual or divine context. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'of joy' or 'belonging to joy'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ
G0424
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: an-EL-pis-too
Translations: of unhoped for, of unexpected, of unforeseen
Notes: This word describes something that is not hoped for, or that occurs without being expected or foreseen. It implies a surprise, often a pleasant one, as in an unexpected joy or salvation. It is used to describe things that happen contrary to expectation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΣ, ΑΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the word ἐλπίζω (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. Thus, it literally means 'without hope' or 'unhoped for'.
G3956, G4137
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PAN-tas-ep-LAY-roh-sen
Translations: he filled all, he completed all, he fulfilled all, he filled everyone, he completed everyone, he fulfilled everyone
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'all' or 'everyone' (πᾶς) and 'he filled' or 'he completed' (ἐπλήρωσεν). It means 'he filled all' or 'he completed everyone'. It describes an action where a singular subject fully provided for or brought to completion something for a group of people or things. It is used to indicate that someone or something was completely filled or brought to a state of fullness or completion.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative (from ΠΛΗΡΟΩ) combined with Accusative Plural, Masculine or Feminine (from ΠΑΣ)
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is used to denote the Jewish people collectively or individually. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the focus of a statement.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ
G4307
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRO-noy-ah
Translations: providence, a providence, foresight, forethought, provision
Notes: This word refers to foresight, forethought, or divine providence. It implies a careful planning or provision for the future, often with a sense of divine care or guidance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the noun νοῦς (nous), meaning "mind" or "intellect," suggesting a "mind before" or "fore-mind."
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΨΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΝΟΙΑ (pronoia) is derived from the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning "before" or "in front of," and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning "to perceive, to think, to understand." It literally means "fore-thinking" or "fore-knowing."
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4982
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: so-THAYS
Translations: saved, delivered, healed, preserved, rescued, having been saved, the one who was saved
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It describes someone who has undergone the action of being saved, delivered, healed, or preserved. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can act adverbially, indicating the circumstances under which an action occurred.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΥΣΘΕΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΘΕΙΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΘΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΩΖΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂w- meaning 'to be strong, to be able'.
G4755, G1519
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Part of Speech: Noun, Preposition
Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss, ees
Translations: general, commander, magistrate, into, to, for, toward, among
Notes: This appears to be a compound of two separate words: ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ (STRATĒGOS), meaning 'general' or 'commander', and ΕἸΣ (EIS), a preposition meaning 'into' or 'to'. It is highly probable that the provided word 'ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣΕἸΣ' is a typographical error or a transcription mistake where the two words were incorrectly joined together. In context, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ would function as a noun, and ΕἸΣ would introduce a prepositional phrase, indicating direction or purpose.
Inflection: ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ: Singular, Nominative, Masculine; ΕἸΣ: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ἩΓΕΜΩΝ, ἈΡΧΩΝ, ΠΡΟΕΔΡΟΣ
G3195
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: MEL-lon-tah
Translations: about to, going to, future, things to come, those who are about to
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be going to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is imminent or in the future. It can refer to future events, future people, or things that are destined to happen. In the provided examples, it refers to 'future things' or 'those who are about to'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΑ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oo-es-pa-see-AH-nos
Translations: Vespasian
Notes: This word refers to Vespasian, a Roman emperor who reigned from 69 to 79 AD. He was the founder of the Flavian dynasty and is known for restoring stability to the Roman Empire after the civil war that followed Nero's death. He is often mentioned in historical texts concerning the Jewish-Roman wars, as he was a general leading the Roman forces before becoming emperor.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: This is a transliteration of the Latin name 'Vespasianus', which was the cognomen of the Roman emperor.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dy-NAH-mees
Translations: powers, mighty works, forces, abilities, miracles
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can denote physical or moral power, the ability to perform something, or even miraculous powers. In a military context, it can refer to an army or forces. It is often used to describe acts of power, such as miracles or mighty deeds.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ
G0353
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN
Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ
G0490
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-tee-O-khi-as
Translations: of Antioch
Notes: This word refers to the city of Antioch. It is a proper noun, and in this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Antioch'. Antioch was a significant city in ancient times, particularly important in early Christian history.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Antioch' comes from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was common among the Seleucid kings who founded many cities named Antioch. It is derived from 'anti' (against, in front of) and 'echein' (to have, to hold).
G3388
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mee-tro-PO-lees
Translations: metropolis, a metropolis, mother city, capital city
Notes: This word refers to a 'mother city' or a 'capital city'. It is a compound word formed from 'μήτηρ' (mother) and 'πόλις' (city). In ancient times, it often referred to the founding city of a colony, or the chief city of a region or province. It can be used in sentences to describe a major urban center or the administrative heart of an area.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'μήτηρ' (mḗtēr, "mother") and 'πόλις' (pólis, "city"). It literally means "mother city" and was used to denote the chief city of a region or the founding city of a colony.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. For example, it can mean 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or simply 'is' in a sentence.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with the English word 'is' and Latin 'est'.
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ahs
Translations: (of) Syria
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the ancient region of Syria, located in the Middle East. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Syria' or 'from Syria'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Aramaic, referring to the region of Aram.
G3172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-GEH-thoos
Translations: of greatness, of magnitude, of size, of stature
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being great in size, extent, or importance. It can describe physical dimensions, such as the size of an object or a person's stature, or it can refer to the significance or grandeur of something. It is often used to emphasize the impressive nature of a subject.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ
G1752
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EH-neh-kah
Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ
Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G3588, G0243
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: TAYS-AL-lays
Translations: (of) the other, (of) another
Notes: This word is a compound of the definite article 'ΤΗΣ' (the) and the adjective 'ἈΛΛΗΣ' (other/another). It means 'of the other' or 'of another' and is used to refer to something different or distinct from what has already been mentioned. It functions as a genitive modifier, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ
G2118
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-dah-ee-mo-NEE-as
Translations: of happiness, of well-being, of prosperity, of blessedness
Notes: This word refers to a state of happiness, well-being, or prosperity. It is a compound word derived from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'good', and 'δαίμων' (daimon), meaning 'spirit' or 'divinity', thus literally meaning 'good spirit' or 'good fortune'. It describes a flourishing life, often associated with divine favor or a life lived virtuously. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, as in 'of happiness'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΤΗΣ
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral, Noun
Sounds like: TREE-ton
Translations: third, a third, the third part
Notes: This word refers to the ordinal number 'third' in a sequence or series. It can also function as a noun meaning 'a third part' or 'one-third' of something. It is used to indicate position, order, or a fractional amount.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G0078
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-DAY-ree-tohs
Translations: indisputably, unquestionably, without dispute, without controversy
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'indisputably' or 'unquestionably'. It describes something that is beyond all doubt or argument, indicating a state or action that is certain and not open to debate. It is used to emphasize the certainty or undeniable nature of a statement or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΝΤΙΡΡΗΤΩΣ, ἈΝΕΝΔΟΙΑΣΤΩΣ
G3625
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nays
Translations: of the inhabited earth, of the world, of the Roman Empire, of the inhabited land
Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, the world, or more specifically, the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It is often used to denote the entire civilized world as known to the ancients, particularly the Roman Empire. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΥ, ΓΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' and came to refer to the known world.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-oo-sah
Translations: having, holding, possessing, a having one, a possessing one
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also act as a verb within a clause. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the nominative case, indicating the subject of a sentence or a predicate nominative.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣΑ
Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession or state.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TO-pon
Translations: place, a place, region, a region, spot, a spot, location, a location
Notes: This word refers to a specific physical location, area, or region. It can be used to denote a particular spot, a general area, or even a position or status. For example, it might be used to say 'this place' or 'in that region'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G1759
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EN-tha
Translations: here, there, where
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'here', 'there', or 'where'. It indicates a specific location or point in space. It can be used to refer to a place already mentioned or understood from context, or to introduce a clause describing a location.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ὯΔΕ, ἘΚΕΙ͂, ὍΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative particle '-θα' (indicating place).
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sees
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the noun refers to the entirety of something or every instance of it. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used when referring to a singular feminine noun in the genitive case, often indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-DEE-as
Translations: of one's own, of private, of peculiar
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It is used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic belonging to a person or thing. It often refers to something that is distinctively personal or private. In this inflected form, it is genitive, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
G2479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-oss
Translations: of strength, of power, of might, of ability
Notes: This word refers to inherent strength, power, or ability. It denotes the capacity to do something or to exert force. It is often used in contexts describing physical or moral power, or the ability to accomplish tasks.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΎΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΆΤΟΣ, ἘΞΟΥΣΊΑ
Etymology: The word ἸΣΧΎΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G1551
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ek-DEKH-oh-men-on
Translations: waiting for, expecting, looking for, awaiting
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἐκδέχομαι (ekdechomai). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome'. Together, it means to wait for, expect, or look forward to something or someone. It describes an action of anticipation or expectation.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Neuter (or Nominative, Singular, Masculine/Neuter)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἐκδέχομαι is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0864
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-FEE-xin
Translations: arrival, a coming, a return, a visit
Notes: This word refers to the act of arriving or coming to a place. It can also denote a return or a visit. It is typically used to describe the physical presence of someone or something at a destination.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-GRIP-pan
Translations: Agrippa
Notes: Agrippa is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided context, it is used as the direct object of a verb, indicating that Agrippa is the recipient of an action. This name is most famously associated with Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II, figures mentioned in the New Testament and historical texts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king, monarch, or ruler. It is used to denote the sovereign head of a state or people. In its accusative form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G2638
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tay-LEE-fay
Translations: had overtaken, had seized, had apprehended, had grasped, had comprehended, had found
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to seize, grasp, overtake, or comprehend. It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action. It can refer to physically taking hold of something, or mentally understanding something, or even a person being overtaken by an event or emotion.
Inflection: Indicative, Pluperfect, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G4425
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PTO-le-MAH-ee-doss
Translations: of Ptolemais
Notes: Ptolemais was an ancient city on the coast of Phoenicia, known today as Acre or Akko in modern-day Israel. It was a significant port city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, often mentioned in historical and biblical texts. The name 'Ptolemais' was given to it by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, an Egyptian pharaoh, in the 3rd century BC.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The city was originally known as Akko. It was renamed Ptolemais by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, a king of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the 3rd century BC. The name 'Ptolemais' is derived from his name.
G4700
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PEY-geh-toh
Translations: was hurrying, was hastening, was eager, was pressing on
Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'epeigō'. In the middle voice, it means 'to hurry oneself' or 'to hasten'. It describes an action that was ongoing in the past, indicating someone was in the process of moving quickly or being eager to do something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Third Person, Singular, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'epeigō' is derived from the prefix 'epi-' (upon, to) and a root related to 'aigō' (to rush, to move quickly). It conveys the sense of urging oneself forward or being pressed to act.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G5221
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pan-TAH-oh-sin
Translations: to meet, to go to meet, to come to meet
Notes: This word means to meet someone or something, often with the implication of going out to encounter them. It can describe a deliberate action of approaching another person or group, whether for a friendly encounter, a confrontation, or a formal reception. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and ΑΝΤΑΩ (antao), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite to'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-li-LAI-as
Translations: of Galilee
Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in the New Testament as the primary area where Jesus lived and carried out much of his ministry. It was a diverse region, home to both Jews and Gentiles.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sep-FO-rin
Translations: Sepphoris
Notes: This is the name of an ancient city in the Galilee region of Israel, located about 6 kilometers northwest of Nazareth. It was a significant administrative and commercial center during the Roman period and is known for its rich history and archaeological sites. The word here is an inflection of the city's name.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3552
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: NEH-moh-meh-noy
Translations: feeding, pasturing, grazing, dwelling, inhabiting, distributing, apportioning
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'nemō'. It describes an action of feeding, pasturing, or grazing, often referring to animals. It can also imply dwelling or inhabiting a place, or metaphorically, distributing or apportioning something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to describe someone or something that is performing the action of feeding or dwelling.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΑΝΕΜΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The verb 'nemō' (νέμω) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to distribute, allot, take'. It originally referred to the distribution of land or resources, and later extended to the pasturing of animals, as land was allotted for grazing.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-noy
Translations: alone, only, solitary, by oneself, the only ones
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone' or 'only'. It describes something or someone as being singular, isolated, or unique in a particular context. It can be used to emphasize exclusivity or solitude. For example, it might describe people who are by themselves or the only ones present.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΙΔΙΟΣ
G3588, G5096
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Part of Speech: Adverbial Phrase
Sounds like: TON-tee-deh
Translations: those here, the ones here, of those here, of the ones here
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed from the genitive plural definite article 'ΤΩΝ' (of the) and the adverb 'ΤΗΔΕ' (here, in this place). Together, it functions as a substantive phrase meaning 'of those here' or 'the ones here'. It refers to people or things located in a specific place, often implying a contrast with others not in that location.
Inflection: Genitive Plural, All genders
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The word 'ΤΗΔΕ' (tēde) is an adverb formed from the demonstrative pronoun 'ΟΔΕ' (hode), meaning 'this one here'.
G1516
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-ray-nee-KAH
Translations: peaceful, peaceable, things pertaining to peace
Notes: This word describes something as peaceful or peaceable. It can refer to actions, words, or conditions that promote or are characterized by peace. In the provided context, 'οὐ λαλησαντες εἰρηνικα' means 'not speaking peaceful things' or 'not speaking words of peace'.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΟΣ, ΗΣΥΧΟΣ
G5426
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: froh-NOON-tes
Translations: thinking, understanding, having a mindset, being minded, being disposed, being intent on
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'phroneō'. It describes someone who is actively thinking, understanding, or having a particular mindset or disposition. It can be used to describe a person's mental attitude or their focus on something. For example, it might describe someone 'being intent on' a certain goal or 'having a mindset' of humility.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΝΟΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TON
Translations: (of) themselves, their own
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or possession relates to the subject itself. It is used to emphasize that the subject is acting upon or possessing something related to itself, rather than someone or something else.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G4991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-tay-REE-as
Translations: of salvation, of deliverance, of preservation, of safety
Notes: This word refers to the act or state of being saved, delivered, or preserved from danger, destruction, or evil. It can also mean safety or well-being. In a religious context, it often refers to spiritual salvation. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ
G3588, G4514
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Part of Speech: Article, Noun
Sounds like: TAYS-roh-MAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of the Romans, of the Roman people, of the Roman things
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the genitive feminine singular definite article 'ΤΗΣ' (of the) and the genitive plural noun 'ΡΩΜΑΙΩΝ' (of Romans). Together, it means 'of the Romans' or 'belonging to the Romans'. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to the Roman people or Roman affairs.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0000
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-pro-no-EE-toy
Translations: unthinking, thoughtless, imprudent, inconsiderate, improvident
Notes: This word describes someone who lacks foresight, consideration, or prudence. It refers to a person who does not think ahead or consider the consequences of their actions. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'προνοητός' (pronoētos, meaning 'foreseen' or 'thought of beforehand').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΗΤΟΣ, ΑΦΡΩΝ, ΑΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ
G0658
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fih-KEH-sthai
Translations: to arrive, to come, to reach, to get to
Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive form of the verb 'ἀφικνέομαι', meaning 'to arrive' or 'to come to'. It describes the action of reaching a destination or a particular state. It is often used to indicate the completion of a journey or the attainment of a goal.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΗΚΕΙΝ, ΦΘΑΝΕΙΝ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from') and ἱκνέομαι (hikneomai, 'to come, to arrive'). It literally means 'to come from' or 'to arrive from a place'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Conjunction, Proper Noun
Sounds like: oo-es-pa-see-a-NON KAI sen-NEE-oh
Translations: Vespasian and Sennius, Vespasian and to Sennius
Notes: This is a phrase composed of three distinct parts: 'ΟΥ̓ΕΣΠΑΣΙΑΝΟΝ' (Vespasian), 'ΚΑΙ' (and), and 'ΣΕΝΝΙΩ' (Sennius). 'ΟΥ̓ΕΣΠΑΣΙΑΝΟΝ' is the name Vespasian, likely referring to the Roman Emperor, in the singular accusative case. 'ΚΑΙ' is a common conjunction meaning 'and'. 'ΣΕΝΝΙΩ' is the name Sennius, in the singular dative case. The phrase together means 'Vespasian and Sennius' or 'Vespasian and to Sennius', indicating a connection or action involving both individuals.
Inflection: ΟΥ̓ΕΣΠΑΣΙΑΝΟΝ: Singular, Accusative, Masculine; ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect; ΣΕΝΝΙΩ: Singular, Dative, Masculine
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GAL-loh
Translations: Gallo
Notes: This word refers to Gallo, a Roman surname or cognomen. It is used to identify a specific individual, often a Roman official or military leader, within historical or administrative contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Gallo is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman cognomen 'Gallus', which means 'a Gaul' or 'from Gaul'. It was a common surname in ancient Rome.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tays
Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can describe a conviction about the truth of something, especially in a religious context, or the act of trusting in someone or something. It can also denote faithfulness or reliability. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'faith' or 'trust'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-doh-san
Translations: they gave, they granted, they offered, they delivered
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'didomi', meaning 'to give'. It describes an action of giving or granting that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is used when a group of people performed the act of giving.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: de-ksee-AS
Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-bon
Translations: I took, they took, I received, they received, I seized, they seized
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to seize'. The ending '-ον' indicates that it can be either the first person singular ('I took/received/seized') or the third person plural ('they took/received/seized'). The aorist tense describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasis on its duration or repetition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they took the book' or 'I received the message'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G3858
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-reh-DEK-sahn-toh
Translations: they received, they accepted, they welcomed
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive, to accept'). It means to receive or accept something, often with the nuance of welcoming it or taking it to oneself. It can be used in contexts of receiving people, teachings, or traditions.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word παραδέχομαι is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'.
G5432
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: froo-RAHN
Translations: guard, a guard, garrison, a garrison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody
Notes: This word refers to a guard, a garrison, or a watch, often implying a military or protective force stationed in a place. It can also refer to the act of guarding or keeping watch, or the place where a guard is stationed. It is used to describe a protective presence or a body of people assigned to protect something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΤΗΡΙΟΝ
G1065
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: GEH
Translations: indeed, at least, even, certainly, truly
Notes: This word is an emphatic particle used to add emphasis or certainty to a statement. It can highlight a particular word or phrase, often conveying a sense of 'at least,' 'even,' or 'certainly.' It is frequently used to strengthen an assertion or to draw attention to a specific detail.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΗ, ΚΑΙ, ΜΕΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΕ is of uncertain origin, possibly an ancient demonstrative particle.
G5380
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: fee-loh-FROH-nohss
Translations: kindly, courteously, hospitably, in a friendly manner, graciously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "kindly" or "courteously." It describes an action performed with friendliness, goodwill, or hospitality. It is often used to describe how someone receives or treats another person, indicating a warm and welcoming disposition. It is derived from the adjective φιλόφρων (philophron), meaning "friendly" or "kind-hearted."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥΜΕΝΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΝΩΣ
G1551
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ek-DEK-sah-meh-noy
Translations: having received, having waited for, having expected, having welcomed
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, masculine plural nominative, derived from the verb ἐκδέχομαι (ekdechomai). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Together, it means to receive out of, to await, to expect, or to welcome. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to describe the circumstances or manner of the main verb's action, or adjectivally to modify a noun.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἐκδέχομαι (ekdechomai) is formed from the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'.
G2232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nah
Translations: leader, a leader, ruler, a ruler, governor, a governor, commander, a commander, chief, a chief, prince, a prince
Notes: This word refers to a leader, ruler, or governor. It is used to describe someone in a position of authority or command, such as a provincial governor, a military commander, or a chief. It can be used in various contexts to denote someone who guides or directs others.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ
G4390
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pro-THOO-mos
Translations: willingly, eagerly, readily, cheerfully
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'willingly' or 'eagerly'. It describes an action performed with a ready and cheerful disposition, indicating a positive and unhesitating attitude towards something. It is often used to emphasize the enthusiasm with which an action is carried out.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΟΥΣΙΩΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PES-khon-toh
Translations: they promised, they pledged, they offered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they promised' or 'they pledged'. It is used to describe an action where a group of people made a commitment or gave an assurance to do something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They promised to help.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἴσχω (ískhō, 'to hold, to have'). The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under' or 'to take upon oneself', leading to the meaning 'to promise'.
G3670
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-mo-FY-lon
Translations: of the same race, of the same nation, of the same tribe, of the same kind
Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to the same race, nation, or kind as another. It is a compound word formed from 'homo-' (same) and 'phylon' (race, tribe). It is used to refer to people who share a common ethnic or national background.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΩΝ, ΟΜΟΕΘΝΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ is a compound of ὅμος (homos), meaning 'same, like', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, nation'. It refers to sharing a common lineage or group.
G4845
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sym-MA-khoos
Translations: allies, those who fight with, confederates
Notes: This word refers to allies or confederates, specifically those who fight alongside someone. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχομαι' (machomai), meaning 'to fight'. It describes individuals or groups who join forces with another for a common cause, often in battle or conflict.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΥΣ, ΒΟΗΘΟΥΣ
G4755
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss
Translations: commander, general, governor, a commander, a general, a governor
Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead), literally meaning 'leader of an army'. It can be used to describe someone in charge of military forces or a civil administrator with significant authority, often in a military context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ
Etymology: From 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). It refers to one who leads an army or a military force.
G0515
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ax-ee-OH-sas-ee
Translations: (to) those who deemed worthy, (to) those who thought it right, (to) those who asked, (to) those who demanded
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb meaning 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider right,' 'to ask for,' or 'to demand.' As a participle, it describes the action of someone who has performed this action. In this form, it indicates the recipients of an action, referring to 'those who' have deemed worthy, thought it right, or asked/demanded something.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Dative Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ
Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΌΩ (axioo) comes from the adjective ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving.' The verb form means to consider or make someone worthy, or to deem something appropriate.
G5099
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TEH-ohs
Translations: meanwhile, for a while, until, as long as, up to this time, hitherto
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a duration of time, meaning 'for a while,' 'meanwhile,' or 'up to this time.' It can also function as a conjunction meaning 'until' or 'as long as,' often implying a temporary state or action that continues until a certain point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΜΕΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base related to the demonstrative pronoun 'τοῖος' (toios), meaning 'such, so great,' indicating a temporal extent.
G803
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-fah-LI-an
Translations: security, safety, certainty, assurance, a security, a safety
Notes: This word refers to the state of being safe, secure, or free from danger. It can also denote certainty or assurance in a matter. It is often used to describe a condition of stability or protection.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
G2460
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hip-PAYS-teh
Translations: horsemen, cavalry
Notes: This word refers to horsemen or cavalry. It is the plural form of the noun 'ἱππεύς' (hippeus), meaning 'horseman'. It is typically used to describe a group of soldiers who fight on horseback.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
G3979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ZOOS
Translations: footmen, infantry, those on foot, a footman, an infantryman
Notes: This word refers to people who travel or fight on foot, such as foot soldiers or infantry. It is often used in contrast to those who travel by horse or chariot. In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of soldiers or travelers who are not mounted.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-do-sin
Translations: he delivers, he hands over, he commits, he entrusts, he betrays, he gives up, he yields
Notes: This verb describes the action of delivering something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can mean to hand over, to commit, to entrust, or even to betray, depending on the context. It is often used in the sense of giving up or yielding something.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over'.
G3745
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-soos
Translations: as many as, as much as, as great as, how many, how much, how great
Notes: This word is a correlative or relative adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'as much as'. It is used to indicate quantity or extent in relation to something else. It often introduces a clause that specifies the number or amount of something, similar to how 'whoever' or 'whatever' might be used in English for people or things. For example, it can be used to say 'as many people as...' or 'as much money as...'.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
G0472
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-THEK-sin
Translations: to hold out against, to resist, to endure, to cling to, to be loyal to, to hold fast
Notes: This word is the future active infinitive of the verb ἀντέχω (antéchō). It means 'to hold out against' or 'to resist' something, implying a struggle or opposition. It can also mean 'to endure' or 'to cling to' something, indicating persistence or loyalty. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'they decided to hold out against the enemy' or 'he taught them to hold fast to the truth'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΣΤΗΝΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΕΙΝ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word ἀντέχω (antéchō) is a compound word formed from ἀντί (antí), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and ἔχω (échō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to hold against'.
G2697
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-DROH-mais
Translations: incursions, raids, attacks, assaults
Notes: This word refers to hostile movements or attacks, often involving a rapid advance or a sudden raid into enemy territory. It describes the act of making an incursion or an assault, typically by military forces. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'δρόμος' (a running, course).
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗ, ΕΦΟΔΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΔΡΟΜΗ is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the noun δρόμος (dromos), meaning 'a running' or 'course'. It literally means 'a running down' or 'a running against'.
G1487
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EYE-teh
Translations: if, whether, or if
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a conditional clause, meaning 'if' or 'whether'. It often appears in pairs (εἴτε... εἴτε...) to mean 'whether... or...', indicating alternatives or possibilities. It can also be used alone to introduce a single condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕἸ
G3866
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-ki-NOY-en
Translations: they might incite, they might stir up, they might urge on, they might move alongside
Notes: This word describes the action of inciting, stirring up, or urging someone or something forward. It can also mean to move alongside something. It implies a prompting or encouragement to action, often with a sense of influencing or motivating others.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative, Active, Present
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G3398
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: mee-KRON
Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time
Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay-toh
Translations: it seemed, it was thought, it was supposed, it was considered
Notes: This is the imperfect, passive, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed' or 'it was thought'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, from the perspective of what was generally perceived or believed. It is often used impersonally.
Inflection: Imperfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
G2794
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kin-DY-nev-mah
Translations: danger, a danger, peril, a peril, risk, a risk
Notes: This word refers to a danger, peril, or risk. It describes a situation or event that presents a threat or potential harm. It is often used in contexts where there is an impending or existing threat.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΙΑ
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fai-re-THAY-nai
Translations: to take away, to remove, to cut off, to be taken away, to be removed, to be cut off
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'aphaireō'. It means 'to be taken away', 'to be removed', or 'to be cut off'. It describes an action that is completed in the past, and the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon (passive voice). It can be used in contexts where something is being subtracted, amputated, or simply taken from a place or person.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-giss-teen
Translations: greatest, a greatest, largest, a largest, biggest, a biggest
Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'great' or 'large'. It means 'greatest', 'largest', or 'biggest'. It is used to describe something that surpasses all others in size, importance, or degree. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the highest degree of a particular quality.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Superlative
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΗΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OO-san
Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle
Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.
G2047
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-ROO-mno-TAH-toh
Translations: most fortified, most strong, most secure, to the most fortified, to the most strong, to the most secure
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the superlative adjective 'erymnos', meaning 'most fortified' or 'most strong'. It describes something that is extremely well-protected, secure, or difficult to assault. It would be used in a sentence to indicate the highest degree of fortification or strength, often in a locative or instrumental sense due to its dative case.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΩ, ΟΧΥΡΟΤΑΤΩ
G1937
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-tee-KHEES-meh-nayn
Translations: fortified, walled, walled up, walled in, a fortified, a walled
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'epiteichizo', meaning 'to wall up' or 'to fortify'. It describes something that has been fortified or walled in, indicating a state of being protected by walls or fortifications. It functions adjectivally, describing a noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΤΕΤΕΙΧΙΣΜΕΝΗΝ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΕΝΗΝ
Etymology: The word ἐπιτειχίζω (epiteichizō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the verb τειχίζω (teichizō), meaning 'to build a wall' or 'to fortify'. The verb τειχίζω itself comes from the noun τεῖχος (teichos), meaning 'wall'.
G5563
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kho-REE-oh
Translations: to a place, in a place, to a field, in a field, to a piece of land, in a piece of land
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'χωρίον' (chōrion), meaning 'place,' 'field,' or 'piece of land.' It indicates the location 'to' or 'in' which an action occurs, or 'at' a certain place. It is often used to refer to specific plots of ground or areas.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'χωρίον' (chōrion) is a diminutive of 'χῶρος' (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space.' It refers to a smaller, more specific area or plot of land.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: O-LOO
Translations: of whole, of all, of every, of the whole, of the entire
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΟΛΟΣ' (holos), meaning 'whole' or 'all'. In this genitive case, it indicates possession or relation, often translated as 'of the whole' or 'of all'. It is used to describe something that pertains to the entirety of a thing or group.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-noos
Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.
G1510
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SOH-meh-nane
Translations: about to be, future, coming
Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It describes something that is 'about to be' or 'going to happen' in the future. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate its future state or existence. For example, it could refer to a 'future judgment' or a 'coming event'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Future Participle
Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΥΣΑΝ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΗΝ
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