2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tays

Translations: prophet, a prophet

Notes: A prophet is a person who speaks for God, often delivering divine messages, interpreting God's will, or foretelling future events. They are seen as inspired by God to communicate His word to humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from πρό (pró, “before”) + φημί (phēmí, “to speak”). It literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks for'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G2985

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LAM-pas

Translations: lamp, a lamp, torch, a torch, light, a light

Notes: This word refers to a lamp or a torch, which is a device used to produce light. It can be used literally to describe a physical object that provides illumination, or metaphorically to represent something that gives guidance, revelation, or spiritual light. It is often used in contexts referring to sources of light or fire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΩΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ, ΠΥΡ

Etymology: From the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to give light'. It describes an object that shines or gives light.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G1863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: brought upon, led on, brought in, inflicted, caused

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epagō'. It means 'he/she/it brought upon', 'led on', 'brought in', or 'inflicted'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with the sense of bringing something (like a consequence, judgment, or person) upon someone or something else. It can also imply causing something to happen.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΕΡΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G2206

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ZAY-loh

Translations: to be zealous, to desire earnestly, to be jealous, to envy, to covet

Notes: This verb means to be zealous, to have a strong desire for something, or to be eagerly devoted. It can also carry a negative connotation, meaning to be jealous of someone or something, or to envy. Its meaning depends on the context, ranging from positive zeal for good things to negative envy or jealousy.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΟΘΕΩ, ΦΘΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: From ζῆλος (zēlos), meaning 'zeal, rivalry, jealousy'.

G3641, G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-lee-goh-POY-ee-sen

Translations: he made little, he made few, he diminished, he reduced

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ὀλίγος (oligos, 'few, little') and ποιέω (poieō, 'to make, to do'). It means 'to make little' or 'to diminish'. It describes the action of reducing something in quantity, size, or importance. For example, it could be used to say 'he made the supply scarce' or 'he reduced the number of people'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΟΩ, ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G0430

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ES-khen

Translations: he endured, he held up, he bore, he tolerated, he put up with, he suffered

Notes: This word describes the act of enduring, holding up, or tolerating something. It implies a sense of patience or resilience in the face of difficulty or an unpleasant situation. It can be used to describe someone who bears a burden, puts up with a person, or suffers through an experience.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold up' or 'to hold back'.

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poor

Translations: fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It is often used in contexts of burning, light, or judgment. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that this form is likely a numeral, specifically 800, but in the provided context, it functions as the noun 'fire'. The apostrophe could also be a coronis, indicating an elision, but 'ΠΥΡ' is a complete word on its own.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for fire in many other Indo-European languages.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-os

Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2744

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kow-KHEH-seh-tai

Translations: will boast, will glory, will exult, will pride oneself

Notes: This word means to boast, glory, or exult in something or someone. It is often used in a positive sense, indicating a justifiable pride or confidence, but can also be used negatively to describe arrogant boasting. It is typically followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the object of the boasting (e.g., 'in the Lord' or 'in one's wisdom').

Inflection: Future, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEY-ras

Translations: having raised, having awakened, having aroused, having stood up, having risen

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'egeiro'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often translated as 'having raised' or 'having awakened'. It can refer to physically raising someone or something, awakening from sleep, or metaphorically stirring up emotions or causing someone to rise to action. It implies the subject performed the action of raising or awakening.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to collect, gather'. It is related to the idea of gathering oneself up or being collected from a state of rest or inactivity.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G5310

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: YP-see-STOO

Translations: (of) the Most High, (of) the Highest, (of) God Most High

Notes: This word means 'highest' or 'most high'. It is often used as a substantive, referring to God as 'the Most High'. It describes something or someone that is supreme in position, rank, or quality. When used in a sentence, it typically functions as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a noun itself referring to God.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ (hypsistos) is derived from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is the superlative form of the adjective ὑψηλός (hypsēlos), meaning 'high'.

G2609

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-gah-GOHN

Translations: bringing down, leading down, having brought down, having led down

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'κατάγω' (katago), which is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, 'κατάγω' means 'to lead down', 'to bring down', 'to conduct', or 'to bring back'. As a participle, 'καταγαγών' describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having brought down' or 'the one who brought down'. It can function adjectivally or adverbially, indicating the agent or the circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΙΒΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'κατάγω' is formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G0684

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ap-OH-li-ah

Translations: destruction, ruin, perishing, waste, a destruction, a ruin

Notes: This noun refers to a state of ruin, loss, or utter destruction. It often implies a complete and irreversible undoing, whether of a physical object, a person's life, or a spiritual state. It can also refer to the act of wasting or squandering something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: Derived from the verb APOLLUMI (ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. It combines the prefix APO (ΑΠΟ), indicating separation or completion, with OLLUMI (ΟΛΛΥΜΙ), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to perish'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KOO-ohn

Translations: hearing, listening, one who hears, one who listens

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'akouō', meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of hearing or listening. It can be translated as 'hearing' (as an action) or 'one who hears' (referring to the person). It describes an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩΝ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.

G4614

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SAY-nah

Translations: Sinai

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mount Sinai, a significant mountain in the Bible where, according to the Old Testament, Moses received the Ten Commandments from God. It is often mentioned in contexts related to the giving of the Law or the journey of the Israelites through the wilderness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name 'Sinai' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from the name of the ancient Mesopotamian moon god, Sin, or from the Hebrew word for 'thorn' (סנה, seneh), referring to the thorny bushes of the region.

G5515

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kho-REB

Translations: Horeb

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mount Horeb, also known as Mount Sinai. It is a significant location in the Old Testament where Moses received the Ten Commandments from God. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that the word is being used as a numeral, specifically 600, but in this context, it is clearly a proper noun and the keraia is likely a scribal mark or an indication of abbreviation, or perhaps a misinterpretation of an accent in a manuscript without diacritics. Given the context, it refers to the mountain.

Inflection: Singular, Locative (implied by context of 'in Horeb'), Invariable (as a proper noun)

Synonyms: ΣΙΝΑ

Etymology: The name Horeb is of Hebrew origin (חֹרֵב, Chorev), meaning 'desert' or 'dry place'. It is often used interchangeably with Mount Sinai in biblical texts.

G5532

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHREH-ee-ohn

Translations: of needs, of necessities, of uses, of services, of duties, of business, of affairs, of requirements, of wants

Notes: This word refers to things that are needed or useful, such as necessities, requirements, or duties. It can also refer to the affairs or business one is involved in. In the provided examples, it appears to refer to 'needs' or 'affairs' in a financial or administrative context.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΩΝ, ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'.

G0467

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-ta-PO-do-ma

Translations: recompense, a recompense, reward, a reward, repayment, a repayment

Notes: This word refers to a return or repayment, often in the sense of a recompense or reward for actions. It can signify either a positive return for good deeds or a negative one for bad deeds, depending on the context. It is typically used to describe the outcome or consequence of one's actions.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΟΣ, ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound noun formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in return for' or 'opposite to', and the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidomi), meaning 'to give back' or 'to pay back'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G0324

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-leem-FTHAYS

Translations: having been taken up, taken up, being taken up

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ἀναλαμβάνω (analambanō), meaning 'to take up,' 'to receive,' or 'to assume.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred to the subject. In this form, it indicates that the subject has undergone the action of being taken up or received.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΓΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G2614

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-grah-FEYS

Translations: scribes, recorders, those who write down

Notes: This word refers to individuals who write things down, such as scribes, recorders, or those who register information. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It is used to describe people whose profession or task involves writing or recording.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb καταγράφω (katagraphō), meaning 'to write down, enroll, register'. It is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'.

G1649

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-LEG-moys

Translations: to rebuke, to reproof, to conviction, to correction, to exposure

Notes: This word refers to a rebuke, reproof, or conviction, often implying a strong and clear demonstration of error or guilt. It is used to describe the act of exposing someone's fault or bringing them to a realization of their wrongdoing.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΛΕΓΜΟΣ (elegmos) is derived from the verb ἐλέγχω (elenchō), meaning 'to convict, to expose, to reprove'. It signifies the result or act of this conviction or exposure.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THY-moo

Translations: (of) passion, (of) anger, (of) wrath, (of) indignation, (of) a passion, (of) an anger, (of) a wrath, (of) an indignation

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense and sudden, emotional outburst or passion. It can denote anger, wrath, or indignation, often with the implication of a boiling or surging emotion. It describes a powerful emotional state, sometimes referring to the seat of emotions or the soul itself.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to rush, to rage', referring to a strong, often violent, emotional state.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sai

Translations: to turn, to return, to turn back, to turn around, to convert, to restore

Notes: This verb signifies the act of turning or returning, either literally in a physical sense (e.g., turning back to a place) or figuratively (e.g., turning from one way of life to another, converting, or restoring something). It often implies a change of direction, allegiance, or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-sai

Translations: to appoint, to establish, to set up, to make, to constitute, to place, to ordain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb καθίστημι. It means to set something or someone in a particular place or position, often with authority or purpose. It can be used to describe appointing someone to an office or position, establishing a rule or order, or simply placing something somewhere.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to set down' or 'to establish'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EYE-doh-tes

Translations: knowing, having known, having seen, perceiving, understanding, being aware

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to have seen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the state of knowing or having perceived something. It can be translated as 'knowing' or 'having known', often implying a state of awareness or understanding based on prior experience or observation. It is used to describe individuals who possess knowledge or have gained insight into a particular matter.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense, meaning 'I know'. It comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, charity, affection, a love

Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay-see

Translations: love, charity, (to) love, (to) charity

Notes: This word is a noun referring to 'love' or 'charity'. In Koine Greek, it specifically denotes a selfless, benevolent, and unconditional love, distinct from other forms of love like eros (romantic love) or philia (friendship love). It is often used in a theological context to describe God's love for humanity or the love commanded among believers. As a dative singular, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to love' or 'for love'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2222

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DZOH-ay

Translations: life, a life

Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.

G2978

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: leh-LA-pee

Translations: in a storm, in a tempest, in a whirlwind, in a hurricane

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΑΙΛΑΨ' (lailaps), which means 'storm,' 'tempest,' or 'whirlwind.' In its dative form, 'ΛΕΛΑΠΙ' indicates the location or circumstance 'in a storm' or 'during a tempest.' It describes an event or state occurring within the context of a violent weather phenomenon.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΕΛΛΑ, ΧΕΙΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΛΑΙΛΑΨ' (lailaps) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a sudden, violent storm or squall.

G4629

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-ke-PAS-thee

Translations: he was covered, she was covered, it was covered, he was sheltered, she was sheltered, it was sheltered, he was protected, she was protected, it was protected

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cover,' 'to shelter,' or 'to protect.' The form 'ΕΣΚΕΠΑΣΘΗ' specifically indicates that someone or something 'was covered,' 'was sheltered,' or 'was protected' in the past. It describes an action that was completed in the past, with the subject receiving the action (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G1705

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ep-LEES-thay

Translations: was filled, was full, was satisfied, was completed

Notes: This word describes the state of being filled, either literally with a substance or figuratively with emotions, time, or a condition. It can also mean to be satisfied, as with food, or to be completed, as in a prophecy or a period of time. It is often used to indicate that something has reached its capacity or fulfillment.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΓΕΜΩ

Etymology: From the prefix EN (in, into) and the root of PIΜPLĒMI (to fill). It denotes being filled or completing something.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khon-tos

Translations: of a ruler, of a chief ruler, of a prince, of a magistrate, of a leader, of an official, of a commander, of a lord

Notes: This word refers to a ruler, chief, prince, or magistrate. It denotes someone in a position of authority or leadership. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of a ruler' or 'belonging to a ruler'. It is derived from the verb 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-DEYS

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no, not any

Notes: This word is a compound word meaning 'no one' or 'nobody' when used as a pronoun. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'no' or 'not any', modifying a noun. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone.

Inflection: Inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative; Singular, Plural; Masculine, Feminine, Neuter).

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun ΔΕΙΣ (deis, 'anyone'), which is a form of ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G5229

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-AY-ren

Translations: lifted up above, exalted oneself, was arrogant, became arrogant

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb Ὑπεραίρω (hyperairō). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift' or 'to take up'. Therefore, it means 'to lift up above' or 'to raise oneself above others'. In a figurative sense, it often implies 'to exalt oneself', 'to be arrogant', or 'to become haughty'. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΨΟΩ, ΕΠΑΙΡΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word Ὑπεραίρω (hyperairō) is a compound of the preposition ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over, above', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift, to take up'. Its etymology reflects the literal sense of lifting something over or above, which then extended to the figurative sense of exalting oneself.

G2838

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-MEE-say

Translations: (to) sleep, (to) rest, (to) death

Notes: This word refers to the act or state of sleeping or resting. It is often used as a euphemism for death, particularly in the context of the 'sleep' of death before resurrection. It can be used in sentences to describe someone entering a state of rest or passing away.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΣ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΙΜΗΣΙΣ (koimēsis) comes from the verb ΚΟΙΜΑΩ (koimaō), meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to cause to rest'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G5059

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-ra-ta

Translations: wonders, marvels, portents, omens

Notes: This word refers to extraordinary or unusual events, often with a supernatural or divine origin. It can denote a wonder or a marvel that inspires awe, or a portent or omen that serves as a sign of future events, often of a significant or calamitous nature. It is typically used in a plural form to describe a series of such events.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΑ, ΘΑΥΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'looking at' or 'observing' something remarkable.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-lev-TEE

Translations: end, death, completion, an end, a death

Notes: This word refers to the end or completion of something, often specifically signifying death or the cessation of life. It can be used in contexts describing the conclusion of a period or an event, but most commonly denotes the ultimate end of a person's life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: From the verb τελευτάω (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish, complete, die', which itself comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAY-san

Translations: they stood away, they withdrew, they departed, they revolted, they apostatized, they fell away

Notes: This word describes the action of moving away from something or someone, often implying a separation, withdrawal, or even a rebellion. It can be used to describe physical departure or a more abstract falling away from a belief, allegiance, or relationship.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: From G575 (APO) meaning 'from' and G2476 (HISTEMI) meaning 'to stand'. The compound verb literally means 'to stand off from'.

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-te-LEEM-fthay

Translations: he was caught, she was caught, it was caught, he was seized, she was seized, it was seized, he was apprehended, she was apprehended, it was apprehended, he was overtaken, she was overtaken, it was overtaken

Notes: This is a verb form indicating that the subject was caught, seized, or apprehended by someone or something. It describes an action that happened to the subject, often implying being caught in a specific act or situation, or being overtaken by an event or person.

Inflection: 3rd person singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G0758

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khone

Translations: ruler, a ruler, chief, a chief, prince, a prince, magistrate, a magistrate, leader, a leader

Notes: This word refers to a person in a position of authority or leadership. It can denote a ruler, a chief, a prince, or a magistrate. It is commonly used to describe those who hold power or are at the head of a group or organization.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule, to begin'. It refers to one who is first in rank or power, or one who begins something.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3735

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-khoo-ROH-sen

Translations: he fortified, he strengthened, he made strong, he secured

Notes: This verb describes the action of making something strong, secure, or fortified. It is used to indicate that a person or entity has built defenses or strengthened a position, often in a military or protective context.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΣΕΝ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΧΥΡΟΩ (ochyroo) comes from the Greek adjective ΟΧΥΡΟΣ (ochyros), meaning 'strong' or 'firm'. It describes the process of making something strong or fortified.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: he brought in, she brought in, it brought in, he led in, she led in, it led in

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΕΙΣΑΓΩ (eisago). It describes a completed action in the past, specifically 'bringing in' or 'leading in' someone or something. It implies an action of entry or introduction into a place or situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΣΑΓΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead into' or 'to bring into'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-GON

Translations: aqueduct, conduit, channel, a channel, a conduit, a course, a way

Notes: This word refers to a channel or conduit, especially one used for conveying water, such as an aqueduct. It can also refer more broadly to a course or a way. In the provided context, it clearly refers to an aqueduct or water channel.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΔΡΑΓΩΓΟΣ, ΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb 'AGO' (ἄγω), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring', combined with the suffix '-GOS' which forms nouns indicating a leader or a thing that leads/carries. Thus, it literally means 'that which leads or carries'.

G3736

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OH-ryx-en

Translations: dug, he dug, she dug, it dug, dug out, excavated

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὀρύσσω' (oryssō), meaning 'to dig' or 'to dig out'. It describes a completed action of digging performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). It can be used in contexts where something is excavated, like a trench, a well, or a foundation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΚΑΠΤΩ, ΔΙΟΡΥΣΣΩ

Etymology: The verb ὀρύσσω (oryssō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to words meaning 'to break up' or 'to tear'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KRO-toh-mon

Translations: precipitous, steep, abrupt, a precipitous place, a steep place

Notes: This word describes something that is cut off at the top or end, leading to a steep or precipitous drop. It is often used to describe cliffs, mountains, or other geographical features that are very steep and difficult to ascend or descend. It is a compound word formed from 'AKROS' (highest, outermost) and 'TEMNO' (to cut).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΟΜΟΣ, ΚΡΗΜΝΩΔΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek words 'AKROS' (highest, outermost) and 'TEMNO' (to cut), indicating something cut off at its extreme point.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-sen

Translations: he built, he did build, he constructed, he did construct, he erected, he did erect, he rebuilt, he did rebuild

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō). It means 'he built' or 'he constructed'. It describes the action of building or erecting something, often a physical structure like a house or a wall, but it can also be used metaphorically for building up or edifying a person or community.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee

Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed

Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

G4461

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: rap-SAH-kane

Translations: Rabshakeh

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Rabshakeh, a title of a high-ranking Assyrian official, often translated as 'chief cupbearer' or 'chief of the princes'. In the biblical narrative, Rabshakeh is known for delivering Sennacherib's messages to King Hezekiah of Judah, often with taunts and threats.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Rabshakeh is of Hebrew origin, derived from the title רַב שָׁקֵה (rav shaqeh), meaning 'chief cupbearer' or 'chief of the princes'. It is a title rather than a personal name.

G0521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEE-reh

Translations: he departed, he went away, he took away, he lifted off, he removed

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'apairō', meaning 'to take away', 'to lift off', or 'to depart'. In the given context, it most commonly refers to someone or something departing or going away. It describes an action of movement from one place to another, often implying a removal or withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from') + αἴρω (airō, 'to lift, to take up'). It literally means 'to lift off from' or 'to take away from'.

G1869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-EE-ren

Translations: he lifted up, she lifted up, it lifted up, he raised, she raised, it raised, he took up, she took up, it took up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, over) and the verb 'ΑΙΡΩ' (to lift, take up). It means 'to lift up', 'to raise', or 'to take up'. It is often used in contexts where someone raises their voice, their hand, or something else. It can also imply taking something up or away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΓΑΓΕΝ, ΥΨΩΣΕΝ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3166

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-meh-gah-LAU-khee-sen

Translations: he boasted, he boasted greatly, he was arrogant, he was proud

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'megalaucheo'. It describes an action completed in the past by a single male or unspecified subject. It means to boast excessively, to be arrogant, or to act proudly. It implies a sense of self-importance or grandiosity.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ (megalaucheo) is a compound word formed from ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large', and ΑΥΧΕΩ (aucheo), meaning 'to boast' or 'to vaunt'. Thus, it literally means 'to boast greatly'.

G5243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-ay-fah-NEE-an

Translations: arrogance, pride, haughtiness, a haughtiness, an arrogance

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being arrogant, proud, or haughty. It describes an excessive sense of self-importance or superiority, often leading to disdain for others. It is typically used in a negative sense, indicating a sinful or undesirable trait. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object or the subject of a verb, for example, 'He showed great arrogance' or 'Arrogance led to his downfall.'

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΤΥΦΟΣ, ΟΓΚΟΣ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4531

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-sah-LEF-thay-sahn

Translations: they were shaken, they were stirred, they were moved, they were agitated, they were disturbed

Notes: This word describes a state of being shaken, stirred, or moved, often implying instability or disturbance. It can refer to physical shaking, like an earthquake, or to a more metaphorical disturbance, such as a community being agitated or a person's mind being troubled. In the passive voice, as here, it indicates that the subjects experienced the action of being shaken or disturbed by an external force.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word σαλεύω (saleuō) is derived from the Greek word σάλος (salos), meaning 'a tossing, a rolling motion (of the sea)', or 'agitation'. It conveys the idea of being in a state of unsteady motion.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-an-ek-AL-es-an-toh

Translations: they called back, they recalled, they summoned back, they invited back

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes 'epi-' (upon, in addition to) and 'ana-' (up, again, back) combined with the verb 'kaleō' (to call). In the aorist middle/passive indicative, it means 'they called back' or 'they recalled' for themselves or for their own benefit, or 'they were called back'. It describes an action of summoning or inviting someone or something to return.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Middle/Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ANAKALEŌ, PROSKALEŌ

Etymology: The verb KALEŌ comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (to shout, to call).

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ka-LEH-san-toh

Translations: they called upon, they appealed to, they invoked, they named, they surnamed

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative middle voice, third person plural form of the verb 'epikaleō'. It means 'they called upon' or 'they appealed to'. It is a compound verb formed from 'epi' (upon, over) and 'kaleō' (to call). It describes an action where a group of people invoked or appealed to someone or something, often for help, protection, or by name.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G1655

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-leh-EE-moh-nah

Translations: merciful, compassionate, charitable, a merciful one

Notes: This word describes someone who is full of mercy, compassion, or pity. It is used to characterize individuals who show kindness and forgiveness, especially towards those in need or distress. It can also refer to someone who is charitable or gives alms. In the provided examples, it appears in the accusative case, often describing a quality of a person or entity.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΩΝ

G1600

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-pe-TA-san-tes

Translations: having spread out, spreading out, stretching out

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ekpetannymi', meaning 'to spread out' or 'to stretch forth'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often indicating a preceding or concurrent action. It can be translated as 'having spread out' or 'spreading out', depending on the context and nuance.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΟΙΓΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'ekpetannymi' is a compound of 'ek' (out of, from) and 'petannymi' (to spread, to expand). It signifies the action of spreading something outwards or extending it fully.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HAH-gee-os

Translations: holy, sacred, pure, saint, a saint

Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. It can refer to God Himself, to people who are consecrated to God, or to things that are dedicated to religious use. It is often used in a moral sense to describe purity or righteousness. When used as a noun, it refers to a saint or a holy one.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΌΣΙΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ΑΓΙΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'awe' or 'reverence', suggesting something that inspires veneration and is set apart.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-RAH-noo

Translations: (of) heaven, (of) the heavens, (of) sky, (of) the sky

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΥΡΑΝΟΥ (OURANOU), which is the genitive singular form of ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (OURANOS), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. It refers to the celestial dwelling place of God or the physical sky above the earth. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of heaven' or 'belonging to heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'high' or 'lofty'.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-ra-NOO

Translations: of heaven, of the heavens, of sky, of the sky

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΥΡΑΝΟΥ (ouranou), meaning 'of heaven' or 'of the heavens'. It refers to the celestial dwelling place of God, or simply the sky above the earth. It is commonly used in phrases like 'the kingdom of heaven' or 'birds of the air/sky'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (ouranos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the vault of the sky, the heavens, or the dwelling place of God.

G5035

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ta-KHOO

Translations: quick, swift, fast, quickly, swiftly, soon, immediately

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'quick' or 'swift', describing something that moves or happens at a high speed. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'quickly', 'swiftly', 'soon', or 'immediately', indicating the manner or timing of an action. For example, it can describe a 'swift witness' or an action that happens 'quickly'.

Inflection: Neuter Singular Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), Adverbial form (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΧΥ (tachy) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- meaning 'to touch, to handle', which evolved to imply speed or quickness in Greek.

G1874

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he answered, she answered, it answered

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ' (epakouō). It means 'to hear', 'to listen to', or 'to answer'. In ancient Greek, the aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, often completed. It implies a definite act of hearing or responding.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'ΑΚΟΥΩ' (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear upon' or 'to hear in response to', leading to the sense of listening attentively or answering.

G1634

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ET-rip-sen

Translations: he wiped out, he destroyed, he rubbed out, he blotted out, he abolished, he crushed

Notes: This word describes the action of completely removing, destroying, or obliterating something. It implies a forceful and thorough eradication, often used in contexts of wiping out enemies, destroying records, or abolishing practices. It can be understood as 'to rub out' or 'to wipe clean' in a figurative sense, leading to complete destruction or removal.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear away'. Thus, it literally means 'to rub out' or 'to rub away completely'.

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ANG-ge-los

Translations: angel, a angel, messenger, a messenger

Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who brings tidings. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or an angel. It is a masculine noun and is frequently used in the New Testament to denote celestial beings.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΓΕΛΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a root meaning 'to bring tidings' or 'to announce'. It is a common term in ancient Greek literature and religious texts.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tos

Translations: faithful, trustworthy, believing, true, a faithful one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is reliable, dependable, and worthy of trust. It can refer to a person who is faithful in their commitments or beliefs, or to God who is true to His promises. When used as a noun, it refers to a 'faithful one' or 'believer'. It is often used to describe someone who has faith or is a follower of a particular belief.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb 'πείθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. It relates to the concept of being persuaded or having trust, thus leading to the meaning of being trustworthy or faithful.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eth-EE-ken

Translations: he added, he put to, he increased, he continued

Notes: This verb means 'to add to,' 'to put to,' 'to increase,' or 'to continue.' It describes the action of joining one thing to another, making something larger or more numerous, or resuming an action. It is often used to indicate an action that follows or builds upon a previous one.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΘΗΚΕ, ΠΡΟΣΕΘΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΘΗΚΑΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place.'

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) Spirit, (to) spirit, (to) wind, (to) breath

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΙ (PNEUMATI), the dative singular form of ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (PNEUMA). It refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done, often translated with 'to' or 'by/in' depending on context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΝΟΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

G2078

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ES-kha-tah

Translations: last, outermost, uttermost, end, a last thing, the last things, the ends, the uttermost parts

Notes: This word refers to something that is at the very end, the furthest point, or the ultimate limit. As an adjective, it describes something as 'last' or 'outermost'. As a noun, it can refer to 'the end' or 'the last things', often in a temporal or spatial sense. It is frequently used in discussions about the end times or the final events.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural; or Neuter, Nominative, Plural; or Neuter, Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-sen

Translations: he called, he summoned, he urged, he exhorted, he comforted, he encouraged, he appealed, he implored, he requested

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to call to one's side, to summon, to urge, to exhort, to comfort, or to encourage. It can also mean to appeal to, to implore, or to request. Its specific meaning often depends on the context and the direct object it takes. In the provided examples, it seems to be used in the sense of urging or requesting someone to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5263

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DEIK-sen

Translations: he showed, she showed, it showed, he pointed out, she pointed out, it pointed out, he demonstrated, she demonstrated, it demonstrated, he instructed, she instructed, it instructed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under) and the verb ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ (to show). It means to show, point out, demonstrate, or instruct, often with the nuance of showing something from beneath or revealing something that was hidden. It is used to describe an action where someone reveals or explains something to another person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from beneath', and the verb ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. The combination suggests showing something from a hidden position or bringing it to light.

G0613

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-POH-kroo-fah

Translations: hidden, secret, obscure, apocryphal things, secrets

Notes: This word describes something that is hidden, concealed, or kept secret. It can refer to things that are not revealed or are difficult to understand. In a theological context, it often refers to writings or knowledge that are considered non-canonical or esoteric, hence 'apocryphal'. It can be used to describe hidden treasures, secret knowledge, or obscure sayings.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΑ, ΑΦΑΝΗ, ΑΔΗΛΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπόκρυφος (apokryphos) is derived from the Greek preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρύπτω (krypto), meaning 'to hide' or 'to conceal'. Thus, it literally means 'hidden away' or 'concealed'.

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G3854