Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' The Jewish War / Book Two / Chapter 3Book Two, Chapter 3
Interlinear version from Josephus' The Jewish War (Beta)
G4250
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: PRIN
Translations: before, sooner, until, ere
Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3724
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ho-RI-sai
Translations: to define, to determine, to appoint, to set boundaries, to decree
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'horizō'. It means to define, determine, appoint, or set boundaries. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun, expressing the purpose or result of an action, or as a complement to another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΖΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G2541
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAI-sa-ra
Translations: Caesar
Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used for Roman emperors. It is a proper noun, specifically referring to the Roman ruler or emperor, often used in the context of political or governmental authority.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" (Kaisar) is a transliteration of the Latin cognomen "Caesar", which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. It was adopted into Greek to refer to the Roman emperor.
G5053
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN
Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end
Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.
G3306
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-nee
Translations: remaining, abiding, dwelling, enduring, staying, a remaining one, an abiding one
Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative form of the present active participle of the verb 'ΜΕΝΩ' (menō). It describes something or someone that is remaining, abiding, or dwelling. It can function as an adjective, modifying a feminine noun, or as a substantive (a noun), referring to 'the one who remains' or 'the abiding one'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΗ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΣΑ
G0746
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ar-khe-LA-oo
Translations: of Archelaus
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun Archelaus. Archelaus was a common name in antiquity, most notably referring to Herod Archelaus, the son of Herod the Great, who ruled Judea, Samaria, and Idumea as an ethnarch.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Greek ἀρχή (arche, "first, chief") and λαός (laos, "people"), meaning "ruler of the people" or "leader of the people."
G3384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-tair
Translations: mother, a mother
Notes: This word refers to a female parent, a mother. It is a common noun used to denote the woman who has given birth to or raised a child. It can be used in various contexts to refer to a biological mother, an adoptive mother, or even a metaphorical mother figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'mother'. It is a widely attested word across various Indo-European languages.
G3120
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mal-THA-kay
Translations: soft, effeminate, delicate, a soft (woman)
Notes: This word describes something that is soft to the touch, or metaphorically, someone who is effeminate, weak, or lacking in moral strength. It can be used to describe a person's character or physical qualities. In the provided context, it appears to be used as a proper noun, 'Malthake', the mother of Archelaus, indicating it can also be a name.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΛΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ
G3552
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: noh-SEE-sah-sah
Translations: having been sick, having fallen ill, having suffered from illness
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'νοσέω', meaning 'to be sick' or 'to fall ill'. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action that was completed in the past by the subject. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates that the subject performed the action of becoming sick. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the woman, having been sick, went home'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ, ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΩ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oo-A-roo
Translations: of Varus, Varus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Publius Quinctilius Varus, a Roman general and politician. The form ΟΥ̓ΑΡΟΥ is the genitive singular of the name, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Varus'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Varus' is of Latin origin, a Roman cognomen meaning 'bow-legged' or 'knock-kneed'. It was adopted into Greek as Οὐάρος.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G2865
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ko-MEES-thay-san
Translations: they were brought, they were carried, they were conveyed, they were received
Notes: This verb describes the action of being brought, carried, or conveyed from one place to another. It can also mean to receive something, especially what is due or earned. In this form, it indicates that a group of people or things were the recipients of this action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ahs
Translations: (of) Syria
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the ancient region of Syria, located in the Middle East. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of Syria' or 'from Syria'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Aramaic, referring to the region of Aram.
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-to-LAI
Translations: letters, epistles, dispatches
Notes: This word refers to written communications, such as letters or official dispatches. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to the epistles written by apostles. It is a compound word, formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G0646
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-seh-ohs
Translations: of rebellion, of revolt, of defection, of apostasy
Notes: This word refers to a falling away, a defection, or a rebellion from a previous state, allegiance, or belief. It describes a deliberate abandonment or renunciation, often implying a separation from a religious or political authority. It is used to describe acts of revolt or a turning away from faith.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ἈΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΙΣ, ἈΠΟΦΥΓΗ
Etymology: The word ἀποστασία (apostasia) comes from the Greek verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand off, to depart, to withdraw'. It is formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'.
G4305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-ee-DOH-me-nos
Translations: having foreseen, having seen beforehand, having perceived beforehand
Notes: This word is a compound participle, combining the sense of 'before' (προ-) with 'seeing' (ἰδεῖν, from ὁράω). It describes someone who has seen or perceived something in advance, or who has foreseen an event. It is used to indicate a prior understanding or knowledge of a situation.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Middle Participle
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: OO-ah-ross
Translations: Varus
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Publius Quinctilius Varus, a Roman general and politician. He is most famously known for his defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD, where three Roman legions under his command were ambushed and destroyed by Germanic tribes. In Koine Greek texts, his name appears in historical accounts, such as those by Josephus, when discussing Roman administration or military events.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Varus' is of Latin origin, a Roman cognomen (surname) meaning 'bow-legged' or 'knock-kneed'. It was adopted into Koine Greek to refer to the specific historical figure.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-BEE
Translations: went up, ascended, climbed, came up, rose
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it went up' or 'ascended'. It describes an action of moving upwards, whether physically climbing, rising, or metaphorically ascending to a higher position or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΛΘΕΝ, ΕΒΗ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G4144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLOO-n
Translations: voyage, a voyage, sailing, a sailing
Notes: This word refers to a voyage or a sailing journey. It is typically used to describe the act of traveling by sea, often in the context of a ship's passage. It can be used as the direct object of a verb, indicating the journey itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΑΥΣΙΠΛΟΙΑ, ΠΛΟΙΟΝ
G1519, G2414
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Part of Speech: Prepositional Phrase
Sounds like: EES-ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah
Translations: into Jerusalem, to Jerusalem
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the proper noun 'Ἱεροσόλυμα' (Hierosolyma), which is the Greek name for Jerusalem. It indicates movement towards or entry into the city of Jerusalem. It is used to describe an action of going or bringing something into Jerusalem.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a fixed phrase)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3866
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pah-rah-kee-NOON-tahs
Translations: inciting, stirring up, provoking, moving, those inciting, those stirring up, those provoking, those moving
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'inciting' or 'stirring up'. It describes someone who is actively causing trouble or encouraging action, often in a negative sense. It can be used to refer to people who are agitating or provoking others.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩΝ, ΚΙΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ
G2722
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ka-THEK-sone
Translations: holding back, restraining, checking, holding fast, possessing, occupying, holding down, suppressing, holding in check, keeping
Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb 'κατέχω' (katechō), meaning 'to hold down, hold back, restrain, or possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that will happen in the future. It can indicate someone who will be holding back, restraining, or possessing something. For example, it might be used to describe someone who is about to take possession of something or someone who will be keeping a situation under control.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Future, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: ep-AY-day
Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.
G4267
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pro-DEE-lon
Translations: evident, clear, manifest, obvious, plain, a clear thing, an obvious thing
Notes: This word describes something that is clearly visible, apparent, or easily understood. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and 'δῆλος' (delos), meaning 'clear' or 'visible'. It is often used to indicate that something is openly displayed or made known, leaving no doubt as to its nature or truth. In the provided examples, it functions to describe something that became evident or was made manifest to observers.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΔΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΔΗΛΟΣ is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the adjective δῆλος (delos), meaning 'clear' or 'visible'. It signifies something that is 'clear before' or 'made manifest'.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: toh-PLEH-thos
Translations: the multitude, the crowd, the quantity, the great number
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the definite article 'τό' (to) and the noun 'πλήθος' (plēthos). It refers to a large number of people or things, a crowd, or a great quantity. It is used in sentences to indicate 'the multitude' or 'the crowd' as the subject or object.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G2270
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-reh-MEH-son
Translations: be quiet, be still, keep quiet, be at rest, calm down
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be quiet' or 'to be at rest'. It is often used as an imperative, commanding someone to calm down or be still. It can also describe a state of tranquility or cessation from activity.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΙΓΑΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ
Etymology: From ἤρεμος (ēremos, "quiet, still"), which is of uncertain origin.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tree-OHN
Translations: of three
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the numeral 'three'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or a partitive relationship, meaning 'belonging to three' or 'out of three'. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the third day of three' or 'from three months'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar words for 'three' in many other Indo-European languages.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G5010
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAHG-mah-tohn
Translations: of orders, of ranks, of divisions, of arrangements, of things ordered
Notes: This word refers to things that are arranged, ordered, or put in a specific sequence. It can denote a military division or a rank within an organization. It is used to describe an orderly arrangement or a specific command or ordinance.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: OH-peh-RAH-gohn
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word. It is highly likely a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. It could potentially be a compound word, but its exact meaning and usage are not clear from standard lexicons. It might be a transcription error or a very rare or specialized term not commonly found in Koine Greek texts.
Inflection: Unknown
G2240
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-ken
Translations: he came, she came, it came, he has come, she has come, it has come, he arrived, she arrived, it arrived
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of movement towards a speaker or a specified place. It is used to indicate that someone or something has reached a destination or has appeared.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist or Perfect Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lee
Translations: (to) a city, (to) the city, (in) a city, (in) the city, (for) a city, (for) the city
Notes: This word refers to a city or town. As a dative case, it indicates location, direction towards, or the indirect object of an action. For example, it can mean 'in the city,' 'to the city,' or 'for the city,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G2641
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-LEI-pei
Translations: leaves behind, forsakes, abandons, remains, bequeaths
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. It means to leave behind, abandon, forsake, or to cause to remain. It can also mean to bequeath something, like an inheritance. It is used to describe someone or something being left in a particular state or place, often with a sense of abandonment or remaining.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G5290, G1519
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Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen-EES
Translations: he returned into, he returned to, she returned into, she returned to, it returned into, it returned to
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the verb 'ὑπέστρεψεν' (hypestrepsen), meaning 'he/she/it returned', and the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to'. Together, it means 'he/she/it returned into' or 'he/she/it returned to' a place. It describes the action of going back to a location.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative (for ΥΠΕΣΤΡΕΨΕΝ); Does not inflect (for ΕΙΣ)
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G0490
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-tee-O-khee-an
Translations: Antioch
Notes: This word refers to Antioch, a significant ancient city located in Syria. It was a major center in the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods, and played an important role in early Christianity. It is used here as the object of a preposition or verb indicating motion towards it.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative
G1904
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ep-el-THOHN
Translations: having come upon, having come over, having come, having gone, having attacked, having arrived, having approached
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon' or 'to go over'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has arrived, approached, or even attacked. It is often used to describe an action that precedes another, functioning similarly to an English 'having done X' construction.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: SAH-bee-nos
Translations: Sabinus
Notes: Sabinus is a Latin proper name, commonly used for men in ancient Rome. It refers to a person named Sabinus. In Koine Greek texts, it is used to identify individuals with this Roman name, often appearing as a subject in sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Sabinus is of Latin origin, derived from the Sabines, an ancient Italic people who lived in central Italy. It means 'a Sabine' or 'belonging to the Sabines'.
G0874
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-for-MEEN
Translations: occasion, an occasion, opportunity, an opportunity, pretext, a pretext, starting point, a starting point
Notes: This word refers to a starting point, a base of operations, or a point of departure. It can also mean an occasion, opportunity, or pretext for something. It is often used to describe the means or reason by which an action is initiated or justified.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΚΑΙΡΙΑ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3930, G3502
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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun
Sounds like: pa-RES-khen neh-oh-teh-roh-poy-EE-as
Translations: he provided innovation, he caused revolution, he furnished new things, he brought about change, of innovation, of revolution, of new things, of change
Notes: This is a compound word formed by the verb 'παρέχω' (pareschō) meaning 'to provide' or 'to cause', and the noun 'νεωτεροποιία' (neōteropoiïa) meaning 'innovation' or 'revolution'. The combined form 'παρέσχεν νεωτεροποιίας' means 'he provided innovation' or 'he caused revolution'. The first part, 'παρέσχεν', is the aorist active indicative third person singular of 'παρέχω'. The second part, 'νεωτεροποιίας', is the genitive singular of 'νεωτεροποιία'. The phrase describes someone who brings about or is responsible for new developments or significant changes, often with a connotation of upheaval or rebellion.
Inflection: Verb: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative; Noun: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ΕΔΩΚΕΝ, ΚΑΙΝΟΤΟΜΙΑ
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G5432
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: froo-ROOS
Translations: guards, the guards
Notes: This word refers to guards, sentinels, or watchmen. It is used to describe individuals who are stationed to protect or keep watch over a place, person, or thing. It can be used in contexts of military protection, security, or even spiritual safeguarding.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΤΗΡΗΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΟΣ (phrouros) comes from the verb ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ (phroureo), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to ΠΡΟ (pro, 'before') and ΟΡΑΩ (horaō, 'to see'), suggesting 'one who sees before' or 'one who watches in front'.
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-do-nai
Translations: to hand over, to deliver, to betray, to commit, to entrust, to give up, to transmit
Notes: This word means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as handing over a person to authorities, delivering goods, or transmitting traditions or teachings. It can also carry the negative connotation of betraying someone or surrendering something.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside, by, along', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to give over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G0206
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-kras
Translations: top, highest, extreme, outermost, tip, summit, edge, end, a top, an edge
Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, highest point, or extreme edge. It can refer to the tip of an object, the summit of a mountain, or the outermost part of something. It is often used to denote the extreme or ultimate degree of something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΝ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἀκή' (akē), meaning 'a point' or 'edge'. It refers to the extreme point or summit of something.
G0971
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-bee-AH-zeh-toh
Translations: was forcing, was doing violence, was being forced, was suffering violence
Notes: This word describes an action of applying force or violence, either actively (forcing, doing violence) or passively (being forced, suffering violence). As an imperfect tense verb, it indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
G4089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pik-ROS
Translations: bitterly, grievously, harshly, severely, painfully
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "bitterly" or "grievously." It describes an action or state that is done with bitterness, sorrow, or harshness. It can be used to describe crying bitterly, suffering grievously, or speaking harshly.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΩΣ, ΧΑΛΕΠΩΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0937
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KAH
Translations: royal, kingly, imperial, a royal, a kingly, an imperial
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to a king or is characteristic of a king or kingdom. It can refer to things that are royal, kingly, or imperial in nature, such as royal property, commands, or even a royal person. It is used here in its neuter plural form.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
G5536
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRAY-ma-tah
Translations: money, wealth, goods, property, things, affairs
Notes: This word refers to money, wealth, or possessions. It can also broadly mean 'things' or 'affairs' in certain contexts, referring to matters or circumstances. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to money or financial resources.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ
G1328
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-REH-oo-nah
Translations: searched, investigated, examined, inquired
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to search thoroughly, investigate, or examine. It implies a diligent and careful inquiry into something, often with the aim of discovering hidden information or understanding a matter in depth. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and ἐρευνάω (ereunao), meaning 'to search'.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΕΥΝΑΩ, ΑΝΙΧΝΕΥΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-POY-thohss
Translations: having trusted, trusting, confident, having been persuaded, persuaded
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having trusted' or 'being confident'. It describes someone who has placed their trust or confidence in something or someone, and as a result, is in a state of being persuaded or confident. It is often used to describe a settled state of conviction or reliance.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩΝ, ΘΑΡΡΩΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3441
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MOH-non-toys
Translations: (to) only, (to) alone, (to) solitary
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ' (monos), meaning 'only' or 'alone'. It is used to describe something that is singular or exclusive. As a dative plural, it would typically be used to indicate 'to' or 'for' a group of things or people that are 'only' or 'alone' in some context, or 'to' or 'for' the 'only ones'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΟΝΟΣ (monos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to remain, to stay'. It signifies singularity or being by oneself.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G2641
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-leef-THEY-see
Translations: to those who were left, to those who remained, to those who were left behind
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kataleipō', meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone or something that has been left behind or has remained. In this form, it refers to a group of people who were left or remained.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΦΘΕΙΣΙ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΦΘΕΙΣΙ
G4757
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tays
Translations: to soldiers, for soldiers, with soldiers, by soldiers
Notes: This word refers to a soldier or a warrior. It is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' soldiers, or to indicate association, meaning 'with' or 'by' soldiers, depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΣΤΗΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thay
Translations: to multitude, to a multitude, to a great number, to a crowd, to a throng
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It is often used to describe a large gathering of people. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, meaning 'to/for/by/with a multitude' or 'to/for/by/with a great number'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ
G1401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOO-lon
Translations: of slaves, of servants, of bondservants
Notes: This word refers to individuals who are in a state of servitude or bondage, whether as slaves, servants, or bondservants. It is used to describe a group of such individuals, indicating possession or relationship, similar to saying 'belonging to slaves' or 'concerning servants'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΤΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΩΝ
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn
Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, the whole, everyone
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate the entirety of a group or quantity. In this form, it is the masculine or feminine accusative plural, meaning it refers to 'all' or 'everyone' as the direct object of a verb, or after a preposition that takes the accusative case.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἁ- (ha-), meaning 'together' or 'one and the same', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality or completeness of something.
G3695
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OP-li-sas
Translations: having armed, having equipped, having furnished, having prepared
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having armed" or "having equipped." It describes someone who has completed the action of arming or preparing themselves or others. It is often used to indicate a preceding action that sets the stage for what follows.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΟΠΛΙΣΑΣ, ΕΞΟΠΛΙΣΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΑΣ
Etymology: The verb ΟΠΛΙΖΩ (hoplizo) is derived from the noun ΟΠΛΟΝ (hoplon), meaning "a tool, implement, weapon." The verb therefore means to furnish with tools or weapons, or to arm.
G5257
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pee-REH-tays
Translations: (to) servants, (to) assistants, (to) officers, (to) ministers
Notes: This word refers to those who serve or assist, often in a subordinate capacity. It can describe a servant, an attendant, an officer, or a minister, particularly one who serves in a public or official capacity. It is used to denote someone who acts under the direction of another, often performing duties that are practical or administrative.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΙ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ
G5530
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ray-toh
Translations: he used, he was using, he employed, he was employing
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai). It means 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes an object in the dative case, indicating what is being used or for what purpose.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΑΙ
G4124
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pleh-oh-nex-EE-as
Translations: of covetousness, of greed, of avarice, of graspingness, of overreaching
Notes: This word refers to the desire to have more, often at the expense of others. It describes an insatiable craving for possessions or power, leading to unfair gain or advantage.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΑΡΓΥΡΙΑ, ΑΡΠΑΓΗ
G1763
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-STA-sees
Translations: occurrence, presence, a presence, a standing in, an onset, an attack, an objection, an opposition
Notes: This word refers to the act of standing in or being present, often implying an occurrence or the arrival of something. It can also denote an onset or attack, or more abstractly, an objection or opposition. In the provided context, it seems to refer to the 'occurrence' or 'arrival' of a festival.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ἘΝΣΤΑΣΙΣ (enstasis) comes from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', and the noun στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing in' or 'a state of being in'.
G4005
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pen-tay-kos-TAYS
Translations: of Pentecost, of the fiftieth
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Pentecost, which is celebrated on the fiftieth day after Passover. It is also adopted in Christianity as a major feast day commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles. It is used to indicate the time or occasion of this festival.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek adjective πεντηκοστός (pentēkostós), meaning 'fiftieth', derived from πεντήκοντα (pentēkonta), meaning 'fifty'. The festival is named for occurring on the fiftieth day after Passover.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-toh
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner
Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-LOO-sin
Translations: they call, they name, they invite
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they call' or 'they name'. It can also be used in the sense of 'they invite'. It describes an action performed by a group of people, such as calling someone by a name or inviting them to a place.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G1859
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-or-TEN
Translations: feast, festival, a feast, a festival
Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or a holiday, often involving celebrations or special observances. It is commonly used in contexts describing Jewish or Christian feasts, such as the Feast of Unleavened Bread or the Feast of Tabernacles. It can also refer more generally to any festive occasion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ
G2033
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EP-tah
Translations: seven
Notes: This word means 'seven' and is used to denote the number 7. It is an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number in a sentence. It functions like an adjective, modifying nouns to indicate a quantity of seven.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'seven'. It is cognate with similar words for 'seven' in many other Indo-European languages.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: gih-no-MEH-nayn
Translations: being, becoming, happening, taking place, occurring
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or in the process of happening. It can be translated as 'being', 'becoming', 'happening', or 'taking place', depending on the context. For example, it might describe 'the thing happening' or 'the one who is becoming'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΗΝ
G1659
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: heb-do-MA-das
Translations: weeks
Notes: This word refers to a period of seven days, commonly known as a week. It is used to denote a duration of time, similar to how 'weeks' is used in English.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
G0706
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: a-rith-MON
Translations: number, a number, sum, total
Notes: This word refers to a quantity or a count of things. It is used to denote a specific amount or a total sum, often appearing in contexts where enumeration or calculation is involved.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΜΕΤΡΟΝ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-mer-OHN
Translations: of days
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'day'. It refers to a period of 24 hours, or more broadly, a specific period of time or an era. As a genitive plural, it is often used to indicate possession, origin, or a temporal relationship, such as 'during the days' or 'belonging to the days'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the period of daylight, contrasting with night.
G4343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-ay-go-REE-an
Translations: appellation, address, a name, a title, a designation
Notes: This word refers to an address, an appellation, or a name given to someone or something. It can also mean a title or a designation. It is used to describe the act of addressing someone or the name by which they are called.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑ, ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ, ΚΛΗΣΙΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ekh-OO-san
Translations: having, possessing, holding, a having, a possessing, a holding
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἘΧΩ', meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action or state. In this form, it describes a feminine singular noun that is the direct object of a verb, indicating that it is 'the one having' or 'the one possessing' something.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Feminine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΕΝΗΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4914
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: soon-AY-thays
Translations: customary, usual, habitual, common, ordinary, a customary thing, a usual thing
Notes: This word describes something that is customary, usual, or habitual. It refers to practices, behaviors, or things that are common or ordinary due to repeated occurrence or tradition. It can be used to describe a person who is accustomed to something, or a thing that is commonly done or seen.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΘΙΜΟΣ, ΕΙΩΘΩΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: From σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ἔθος (ethos), meaning 'custom' or 'habit'. It literally means 'having the same custom' or 'being together in habit'.
G2356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thrays-KAY-ah
Translations: religion, worship, religious observance, a religion
Notes: This word refers to religion or religious worship, specifically emphasizing the outward expression and practice of one's faith. It denotes the system of religious beliefs and practices, or the act of performing religious duties and rituals. It can be used to describe a specific religious system or the general concept of piety and devotion.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to tremble', possibly referring to the awe or reverence felt in the presence of the divine. It describes the outward expression of religious devotion.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gen
Translations: gathered, collected, assembled
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb συναγω (synago). It means to gather together, collect, or assemble. It is a compound word formed from the preposition συν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb αγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead or bring together'. It is used to describe the action of bringing people or things into one place.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G1218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DAY-mon
Translations: people, a people, the people, (to) the people, (to) a people
Notes: This word refers to the common people, the populace, or a community. It is used to denote the general body of citizens or inhabitants of a place. In this form, it is the accusative singular of the noun, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-gah-NAK-tee-sis
Translations: indignation, an indignation, vexation, displeasure
Notes: This word refers to a strong feeling of displeasure, indignation, or vexation. It describes a state of being greatly annoyed or angered by something perceived as unfair, unjust, or unworthy. It can be used to describe the emotional reaction to a situation or event.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΘΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀγανάκτησις (aganaktēsis) is derived from the verb ἀγανακτέω (aganakteō), meaning 'to be indignant' or 'to be greatly displeased'.
G4936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ed-RAH-men
Translations: ran together, gathered, assembled, came together
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΡΕΧΩ (trechō), meaning 'to run'. Therefore, it literally means 'to run together'. It is used to describe people or things coming together quickly, often in a crowd or for a common purpose. It can imply a swift gathering or a convergence.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΡΕΧΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΡΕΧΩ (trechō), meaning 'to run'. The verb ΤΡΕΧΩ itself comes from an ancient root meaning 'to run'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: goon
Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate
Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G550
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-PEH-ee-ron
Translations: infinite, boundless, immense, endless, unlimited, a boundless thing, the infinite
Notes: This word describes something without limit or end, whether in space, time, or quantity. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can be substantivized and used as a noun itself, referring to 'the infinite' or 'a boundless thing'. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πεῖρα' (peira, meaning 'end' or 'limit').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΤΕΛΕΣ, ἈΠΕΡΑΝΤΟΣ, ἈΝΕΚΛΕΙΠΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΠΕΙΡΟΝ is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not', 'without') and πεῖρα (peira, 'end', 'limit', 'boundary'). It literally means 'without end' or 'without limit'.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: tays-gah-li-LAI-as
Translations: of Galilee
Notes: This is a compound word formed by the definite article 'ΤΗΣ' (the) and the proper noun 'ΓΑΛΙΛΑΙΑ' (Galilee). It refers to the region of Galilee. As a genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of Galilee'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Hebrew גָּלִיל (galil), meaning 'circle' or 'region'.
G2489
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-doo-MAH-ee-as
Translations: (of) Idumaea
Notes: Idumaea was a historical region located south of Judea, corresponding to the biblical land of Edom. It was inhabited by the Edomites, who were descendants of Esau. The word is used to refer to this specific geographical area.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Edom', referring to the land and descendants of Esau.
G2416
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: yeh-ree-KHOON-tos
Translations: of Jericho
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of 'Jericho', referring to the ancient city located in the Jordan Valley, known for its historical and biblical significance. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the walls of Jericho' or 'the road to Jericho'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G2446
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-or-DAH-neen
Translations: Jordan, the Jordan
Notes: This word refers to the Jordan River, a significant geographical feature in the Middle East, particularly in biblical contexts. It is used to denote the river itself, often in phrases describing crossing or being near it.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G4005
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: peh-RAH-yahs
Translations: Perea, the region beyond, the country beyond the Jordan
Notes: This word refers to Perea, a geographical region east of the Jordan River. It was a district in ancient Palestine, often associated with the territory of Herod Antipas. It is used to denote the specific area across the Jordan from Judea and Samaria.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek word πέραν (peran), meaning 'beyond' or 'across'. It refers to the land 'beyond' the Jordan River.
G5242
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-per-EY-khen
Translations: it excelled, it surpassed, it was superior, it was preeminent, it stood out
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, it means 'to hold above', 'to be superior', or 'to excel'. It describes something that is prominent, outstanding, or has a higher position or quality compared to others. It is often used to indicate superiority in rank, power, or excellence.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over, above, beyond', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have, hold'. The combination signifies 'to hold above' or 'to be superior'.
G4288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-thy-MEE-ais
Translations: with eagerness, with readiness, with willingness, with zeal, with enthusiasm
Notes: This word refers to a state of eagerness, readiness, or willingness to do something, often implying a positive and enthusiastic attitude. It describes the quality of being prompt and zealous in action or disposition. In a sentence, it would describe the manner in which an action is performed, indicating a strong desire or willingness.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΠΡΟΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ΣΠΟΥΔΗ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-DROHN
Translations: of men
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), which means 'man' or 'husband'. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of men' or 'belonging to men'. It is used to refer to adult males collectively.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'man'.
G1103
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: GNAY-see-os
Translations: genuine, true, legitimate, sincere, authentic, real
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being true, authentic, or legitimate. It can refer to a person who is sincere or a thing that is real and not counterfeit. It is often used to emphasize the true nature or origin of something.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ
Etymology: From γένος (genos, “race, stock, family”), referring to something that is 'of the family' or 'of the true stock'.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2449
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-as
Translations: of Judea
Notes: This word refers to Judea, a historical region in the Southern Levant. In ancient times, it was the name of the mountainous southern part of the Kingdom of Judah, and later a Roman province. It is often used to specify the origin or location of something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-os
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often implying a distinct group or community. It is commonly used to refer to the people of God, or a specific population within a region. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'.
G1232
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-NEE-man-tes
Translations: distributing, having distributed, dividing, having divided, apportioning, having apportioned
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'διανέμω', meaning 'to distribute', 'to divide', or 'to apportion'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It often implies the completion of the action of distribution or division before the main verb's action takes place. For example, 'having distributed the goods, they left'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΝΕΜΩ
Etymology: The word διανέμω (dianemō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: SFAHS
Translations: unknown, possibly a fragment
Notes: This word appears to be a fragment or a misspelling of a Koine Greek word. It is not a complete word on its own. Based on the provided examples, it might be part of a proper noun like 'ΜΑΣΦΑΣΣΑΤ' (Masphassat), which is a place name, or a truncation of a word like 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάγιον' (safe sacrifice) or 'ἀκίνδυνον σφάλλω' (to make safe from stumbling). Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and usage are unclear. It is highly probable that this is a typo or an incomplete word.
Inflection: Unknown
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ice-TREE-ah
Translations: into three parts, in three ways, threefold
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating division or distribution into three parts. It describes an action or state that is done or exists in a threefold manner or by dividing into three sections. For example, it could be used to describe an army dividing itself into three divisions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΧΗ, ΤΡΙΣΣΑΚΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΤΡΙΑ is derived from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the numeral ΤΡΙΑ (tria), meaning 'three'. It literally means 'into three'.
G3313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-ree
Translations: parts, regions, divisions, shares
Notes: This word refers to a part, portion, or division of something. It can also denote a region, a share, or a party/faction. In the provided examples, it is used to mean 'parts' or 'regions'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΤΜΗΜΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ
G5148
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: tree-KHEE
Translations: in three parts, in three ways, threefold
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in three parts' or 'three ways'. It describes an action or state that is divided or occurs in three distinct divisions or manners. For example, it can be used to describe an army dividing into three groups or a task being done in three different ways.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΣΣΗ, ΤΡΙΧΑ
Etymology: This word is derived from the numeral 'τρεῖς' (treis), meaning 'three', combined with the adverbial suffix '-χῆ'.
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: strah-toh-peh-DEH-ohn-tai
Translations: they encamp, they pitch camp, they set up camp
Notes: This word describes the action of setting up a military camp or stationing troops. It is used to indicate that a group of people, typically soldiers, are establishing their temporary living quarters in a particular location. It is a compound word, combining 'στρατός' (army) and 'πέδον' (ground).
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ is derived from the noun στρατόπεδον (stratopedon), meaning 'camp' or 'encampment'. This noun itself is a compound of στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment', and πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G0976
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bor-EH-yoh
Translations: northern, to the north, in the north, at the north
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'northern' or 'of the north'. It is used to describe something that is located in or pertains to the northern direction or region. For example, it could refer to a 'northern wind' or 'northern regions'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2411, G2824
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-KLEE-mah-tee
Translations: (to) the sacred region, (to) the temple area, (to) the holy district
Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'ἱερόν' (sacred place, temple) and 'κλίμα' (region, climate, slope). It refers to a sacred region or the area surrounding a temple. In its dative form, it indicates the recipient or location of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'at'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
G3314
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-seem-bree-NOH
Translations: to the southern, to the midday, to the noon
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'southern' or 'midday'. It describes something located in the south or related to the time of noon. It is used to modify a noun, indicating its direction or time association.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΗΜΒΡΙΝΟΣ (mesēmbrinos) is derived from the noun ΜΕΣΗΜΒΡΙΑ (mesēmbría), meaning 'midday' or 'south'. This noun is a compound of ΜΕΣΟΣ (mesos), meaning 'middle', and ΗΜΕΡΑ (hēmera), meaning 'day', literally 'middle of the day'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hip-po-DRO-mon
Translations: hippodrome, a hippodrome, racecourse, a racecourse
Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'ἵππος' (hippos), meaning 'horse', and 'δρόμος' (dromos), meaning 'a course' or 'a running'. It refers to an ancient Greek stadium or arena used for horse racing and chariot racing. It is typically used to denote the specific location where such races take place.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'ΙΠΠΟΔΡΟΜΟΣ' is derived from the Ancient Greek 'ἵππος' (hippos, 'horse') and 'δρόμος' (dromos, 'course' or 'running'). It literally means 'horse-running place'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tree-TAY-moy-rah
Translations: a third part, a third share
Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to a third part or a third share of something. It is used to denote a division into three equal portions, or a portion that constitutes one-third of a whole. For example, one might speak of receiving a 'tritemoira' of an inheritance.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΤΗΜΟΙΡΑ (tritēmoira) is a compound of ΤΡΙΤΟΣ (tritos), meaning 'third', and ΜΟΙΡΑ (moira), meaning 'part' or 'share'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G0933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-oyce
Translations: royal palace, royal court, kingdom, (to) royal quarters, (to) the palace
Notes: This word refers to a royal palace or the royal court. It is often used in the plural to denote the royal quarters or the king's residence. It can also refer to a kingdom in a broader sense. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating a location where an action takes place, specifically 'in the royal quarters' or 'in the palace'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word βασίλειον (basileion) is derived from the adjective βασίλειος (basileios), meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', which in turn comes from βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to that which pertains to a king.
G1416
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DYS-in
Translations: setting, sunset, west, a setting, a sunset, a west
Notes: This word refers to the act of setting, particularly of the sun or other celestial bodies. It can also refer to the direction where the sun sets, which is the west. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate the time of day when the sun goes down or the geographical direction of the west.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΣΜΗ
Etymology: From the verb δύω (dyō), meaning 'to enter, to sink, to set'. It refers to the action of something sinking or setting, especially the sun.
G4035
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-ka-THEH-zoh-meh-noy
Translations: sitting around, besieging, blockading, encamping around
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'sitting around' or 'encamping around'. It is often used in a military context to describe the act of besieging or blockading a place, implying a surrounding and persistent presence. It can also simply mean to sit down around something or someone.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΕΧΩ
G3839
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pan-takh-O-then
Translations: from all sides, from every direction, on every side, everywhere
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from all directions' or 'on every side'. It is used to indicate that something originates from, or is present in, every possible direction or location. It conveys a sense of comprehensiveness or universality regarding origin or presence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΥ, ΠΑΝΤΗ
Etymology: This word is formed from the root 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', combined with a suffix indicating 'from a place'. It denotes 'from all places' or 'from every direction'.
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAH-ee-oos
Translations: Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to denote the inhabitants or citizens of Rome, or more broadly, those associated with the Roman state. In the provided context, it is used to indicate the destination or object of an action involving the Romans.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G4172
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-po-li-OR-koon
Translations: they were besieging, they besieged, they were blockading, they blockaded
Notes: This word describes the action of besieging or blockading a city or a place. It is typically used to indicate a military action where an army surrounds a location to cut off supplies and force a surrender. The form indicates that the action was ongoing in the past, or completed in the past by a group of people.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G5264
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-po-DEI-sas
Translations: having feared, being afraid, fearing, having been afraid
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ὑποδείδω' (hypodeidō), meaning 'to fear secretly' or 'to be somewhat afraid'. It describes an action of fearing that has already occurred, often indicating the cause or circumstance for a subsequent action. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΔΕΙΣΑΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΣ
Etymology: The verb 'ὑποδείδω' (hypodeidō) is a compound of the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear'. The root 'δείδω' is an ancient Greek verb for fear, related to the concept of dread or terror.
G5427
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fro-NEE-ma-ta
Translations: thoughts, minds, purposes, aspirations, attitudes, dispositions
Notes: This word refers to one's thoughts, mindset, or way of thinking, often implying a deep-seated purpose, attitude, or disposition. It can describe the inner workings of the mind, including intentions, aspirations, or even prideful attitudes. It is used in various contexts to convey the mental state or inclination of a person or group.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
G4912
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb
Sounds like: soon-EH-khace
Translations: continuous, constant, pressing, holding together, afflicting, distressed, constrained, urgent
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ΣΥΝΕΧΩ (synechō), which means 'to hold together,' 'to constrain,' 'to press upon,' or 'to afflict.' As an adjective, it describes something that is continuous, constant, or urgent. It can also function as a participle, indicating an ongoing action of holding, pressing, or afflicting. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.'
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Present Active Participle; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Adjective
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΑΛΕΙΠΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΟΝΟΣ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΧΩ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' This combination conveys the sense of holding or keeping things together, or of being held or pressed upon.
G0032
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ANG-geh-looce
Translations: angels, messengers
Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who is sent. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or angel. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of a verb, meaning 'angels' or 'messengers'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word ἄγγελος (angelos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from an earlier form meaning 'one who brings a message'.
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EP-em-pen
Translations: he was sending, she was sending, it was sending, he sent, she sent, it sent
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to send'. It describes an action of sending that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time. It is used when the subject of the verb is a singular third person, such as 'he', 'she', or 'it'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: OO-ah-RON
Translations: Varon, Varus
Notes: This is a proper noun, specifically the name 'Varus' (or 'Varon' in some transliterations), which was a common Roman cognomen. It refers to a specific individual and is used in sentences to identify that person.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Varus' is of Latin origin, a Roman cognomen meaning 'bow-legged' or 'knock-kneed'. It was a common family name in ancient Rome.
G1879
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-am-YOO-nayn
Translations: to help, to assist, to come to the aid of, to defend
Notes: This word means to help, assist, or come to the aid of someone, often in a defensive or protective manner. It implies providing support against an attack or difficulty. It is used to describe actions where one person or group offers protection or relief to another.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ἈΡΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπαμύνω (epamúnō), from ἐπί (epí, "upon, to") + ἀμύνω (amúnō, "to ward off, defend").
G5035
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: TA-khei
Translations: quick, swift, fast, speedy, soon, quickly, swiftly, speedily
Notes: This word describes something that is quick, swift, or fast. It can be used to describe a person, an action, or a process. When used as an adverb, it indicates that something happens quickly or soon.
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter; or Dative, Singular, Feminine; or Adverbial form
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΑΧΕΙ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-nos
Translations: begging, imploring, praying, asking, entreating, one who begs, he who begs
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'δέομαι' (deomai), meaning 'to beg,' 'to implore,' or 'to pray.' It describes someone who is in the act of making an earnest request or supplication. It can be translated as 'begging,' 'imploring,' or 'praying,' and often functions as a substantive, meaning 'one who begs' or 'he who begs,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΩΝ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G1021
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bra-DY-noy
Translations: delay, linger, be slow, hesitate
Notes: This word means to be slow, to delay, or to linger. It describes the act of taking more time than expected or necessary, often implying hesitation or a lack of urgency. It can be used in contexts where someone is slow to act or to arrive.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩ, ΟΚΝΕΩ
G2696
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-koh-pay-soh-MEH-noo
Translations: of (one) about to be cut down, of (one) about to be severely beaten, of (one) about to be hewn down, of (one) about to be smitten
Notes: This word is a future passive participle, indicating an action that will be done to the subject. It is derived from the verb 'κατακόπτω' (katakoptō), which means 'to cut down,' 'to hew down,' or 'to strike severely.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun, but also carries verbal force, indicating an action. In this form, it describes someone or something that is 'about to be cut down' or 'about to be severely beaten.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ
Etymology: The word κατακόπτω (katakoptō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to cut.'
G5001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAHG-mah-tos
Translations: (of) order, (of) arrangement, (of) a division, (of) a company, (of) a troop
Notes: This word refers to an orderly arrangement, a fixed succession, or a division or company of soldiers. It is used to describe things that are set in a particular order or sequence, or a group that is organized in a specific way, such as a military unit. The form provided is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G5308
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hyp-see-LOH-tah-ton
Translations: highest, a highest, most high, a most high, loftiest, a loftiest, most exalted, a most exalted
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ὑψηλός' (hypsēlos), meaning 'high' or 'lofty'. As a superlative, it means 'highest', 'most high', 'loftiest', or 'most exalted'. It is used to describe something that is at the greatest height or of the greatest eminence or importance. In the provided examples, it describes the 'highest' elephant or the 'highest' tower of a fortress.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative
Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΚΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ
G5432
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: phroo-REE-oo
Translations: of a garrison, of a fortress, of a stronghold, of a guard, of a prison
Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a garrison, fortress, or stronghold, used for defense or as a place of confinement. It can also refer to the act of guarding or keeping watch. In the provided context, it clearly refers to a physical structure.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ
Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'.
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-gon
Translations: tower, a tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, which is a tall, narrow building or structure. It can be used to describe a watchtower, a fortified structure, or any elevated building. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating something that is built, attacked, or observed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-na-BAS
Translations: going up, having gone up, ascending, having ascended
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀναβαίνω, meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often functioning adverbially to modify a verb or adjectivally to describe a noun. It indicates someone who has performed the action of going up or ascending.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΝΙΩΝ
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-lay-toh
Translations: was called, used to be called, he was called, she was called, it was called
Notes: This is the third person singular, imperfect indicative form of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In this form, it translates to 'was called' or 'used to be called', indicating an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It can be used to describe someone or something being named or referred to by a particular title.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice
Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin calo ('to call out') and English 'hail'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: fah-sah-AY-loss
Translations: Phasaelus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male individual named Phasaelus. It is used to identify a specific person in historical or narrative contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Phasaelus is of Semitic origin, likely Aramaic or Hebrew, and was common in the Herodian dynasty. It is the Greek transliteration of a name that means 'God has acted' or 'God has made'.
G2034
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ep-OH-noo-mon
Translations: eponymous, named after, bearing the name of, a namesake
Notes: This word describes something that is named after a person, place, or thing. It indicates that the subject bears the name of someone or something else, often to honor or commemorate them. For example, a building might be 'eponymous' if it is named after its founder.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ὈΝΟΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ὈΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΩΝΥΜΟΣ (epōnymos) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'after', and ὄνομα (onoma), meaning 'name'. Thus, it literally means 'upon a name' or 'named after'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-ohn
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.
G80
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FON
Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman
Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G2264
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-RO-doo
Translations: of Herod
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Herod. It refers to various rulers of Judea mentioned in the New Testament, most notably Herod the Great, who was king at the time of Jesus' birth, and his son Herod Antipas, who ruled during Jesus' ministry and ordered the execution of John the Baptist. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the house of Herod' or 'the time of Herod'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1311
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: dee-ahf-thar-EN-tah
Translations: corrupted, destroyed, ruined, spoiled, perished, having been corrupted, having been destroyed, having been ruined, having been spoiled, having perished
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been corrupted' or 'having been destroyed'. It describes something that has undergone a process of decay, ruin, or moral corruption. It is often used to indicate a state of being ruined or spoiled, either physically or morally.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb ΦΘΕΙΡΩ (PHTHEIRO), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. Thus, it signifies a complete or thorough destruction or corruption.
G3934
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-THON
Translations: of Parthians, Parthians
Notes: This word refers to the Parthians, an ancient Iranian people who inhabited the region of Parthia, located in what is now northeastern Iran. The word is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the Parthians'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
G1782
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-TEF-then
Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ
Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.
G2686
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-SAY-en
Translations: he waved, he shook, he motioned, he beckoned
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σείω (seiō), meaning 'to shake' or 'to move'. Together, it means to shake down, or more commonly, to wave or motion with the hand, often to command silence or attention. It describes an action of signaling or directing through a physical gesture.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΕΙΩ, ΝΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΕΥΩ
G5010
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAG-ma-tee
Translations: (to) order, (to) arrangement, (to) division, (to) a division, (to) a company, (to) a troop
Notes: This word refers to an arrangement, an orderly disposition, or a division, such as a military division or company. It describes something that is set in order or arranged. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or beneficiary of an action related to order or a specific group.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΣΥΝΤΑΓΜΑ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G2025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-khei-REH-in
Translations: to attempt, to undertake, to lay hands on, to attack, to try
Notes: This verb means to put one's hand to something, to undertake an action, or to attempt to do something. It can also carry the sense of laying hands on someone, which can imply an attack or an act of violence. It is often used to describe the initiation of an action or an effort to achieve a goal.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the noun χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'to put one's hand upon'.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oys
Translations: to enemies, to hostile ones, to foes
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war, commonly translated as 'enemies' or 'foes'. It is used here in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' these hostile parties.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1611
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ek-PLEEK-seen
Translations: astonishment, amazement, wonder, awe, an astonishment, an amazement, a wonder, an awe
Notes: This word refers to a state of being overwhelmed by something unexpected or extraordinary, leading to a sense of wonder, shock, or profound surprise. It describes the feeling one experiences when confronted with something truly remarkable or astonishing. It is often used to describe the reaction to a miracle, a powerful teaching, or an impressive display.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΟΣ, ἘΚΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OOD
Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G5359
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toos-SFEH-teh-roos
Translations: their own, their
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'their own' or 'their'. It emphasizes that something belongs specifically to the subject of the sentence, often implying a sense of personal possession or belonging. It is used to describe things that are characteristic of or belong to a group of people.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΙΔΙΟΣ
G2597
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-nayn
Translations: to go down, to come down, to descend
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Therefore, it means 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It is used to describe movement from a higher place to a lower one, whether literally (e.g., descending a mountain) or figuratively (e.g., coming down from heaven).
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. ΒΑΙΝΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.
G2292
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THAR-rei
Translations: he was confident, he was courageous, he was bold, he was of good courage
Notes: This word describes someone who was confident, courageous, or bold. It is used to express a state of having good cheer or being unafraid, often in the face of adversity. It is an imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ
G3889
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: pa-ra-peis-THEN-tes
Translations: having been persuaded, having been misled, having been deceived, having been enticed
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and 'πείθω' (peithō, meaning 'to persuade'). As a participle, it describes someone who has been persuaded or misled. It is used to indicate an action that has already occurred and describes the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΔΟΛΙΟΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΠΕΙΘΩ is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside, by,' and πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade, to convince.' The root πείθω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind, to tie,' which evolved to mean 'to trust, to persuade' in Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4757, G4279
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Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tai pro-pee-DOH-sin
Translations: soldiers leap forward, soldiers rush forward, the soldiers leap forward, the soldiers rush forward
Notes: This appears to be a compound word or two words written together without a space, which is common in ancient Greek texts. It combines the noun 'ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙ' (soldiers) and the verb 'ΠΡΟΠΗΔΩΣΙΝ' (they leap forward or they rush forward). Therefore, the combined meaning is 'soldiers leap forward' or 'soldiers rush forward'. It describes an action where soldiers quickly move forward, often with force or eagerness.
Inflection: ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙ: Nominative, Plural, Masculine. ΠΡΟΠΗΔΩΣΙΝ: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural.
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΧΩ
G2413
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-RON
Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.
G3163
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MA-khen
Translations: battle, fight, combat, a battle, a fight, a combat
Notes: This word refers to a battle, fight, or combat. It is typically used to describe a physical conflict or struggle between individuals or groups. It can be used in contexts ranging from a small skirmish to a large-scale war.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ
G2900
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kar-te-RAN
Translations: strong, firm, steadfast, enduring, a strong, a firm, a steadfast, an enduring
Notes: This word describes something as strong, firm, or steadfast. It can refer to physical strength, as in a strong wall or a strong battle, or to a firm resolve or enduring quality. It is used to qualify a noun, indicating its robust or unyielding nature.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΣ (karteros) comes from the Greek root ΚΑΡΤΟΣ (kartos), meaning 'strength' or 'might'. It is related to verbs signifying endurance and perseverance.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oys
Translations: to Jews, for Jews, with Jews, among Jews
Notes: This word refers to Jews or Jewish people. It is a plural noun in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It can be translated as 'to Jews,' 'for Jews,' 'with Jews,' or 'among Jews,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G4886
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-AP-too-sin
Translations: they join, they unite, they connect, they engage in battle, they come into conflict
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to join together, unite, or connect. In a military context, it often means to engage in battle or come into conflict with an enemy. It describes an action where multiple entities come together or are brought into relation with each other.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DACE
Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no
Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kath-yoo-PER-then
Translations: from above, above, over
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from above' or 'over'. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against), 'ὑπέρ' (over, above), and the suffix '-θεν' (indicating origin or direction from). It is used to indicate a position or origin that is higher than something else.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΕΠΑΝΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound adverb derived from the preposition 'κατά' (down, against), the preposition 'ὑπέρ' (over, above), and the suffix '-θεν' (from, indicating origin).
G1879
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ay-MOO-nen
Translations: he helped, he aided, he assisted, he defended, he came to the rescue
Notes: This word describes the action of providing help, aid, or assistance to someone, often in a situation of need or danger. It implies coming to the defense or rescue of another. It is used in the third person singular, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' performed the action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΑΡΩΓΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἐπαμύνω (epamynō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epí), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ἀμύνω (amynō), meaning 'to ward off', 'to defend', or 'to help'. Thus, it literally means 'to ward off for' or 'to help upon'.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: Unknown
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a garbled concatenation of two distinct Koine Greek words: 'ΠΕΡΙΗΣΑΝ' (periēsan) and 'ἘΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ' (empeiria). 'ΠΕΡΙΗΣΑΝ' is the 3rd person plural imperfect indicative of the verb 'ΠΕΡΙΕΙΜΙ' (perieimi), meaning 'they were around', 'they survived', or 'they excelled'. 'ἘΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ' is a noun meaning 'experience' or 'skill'. As a single word, 'ΠΕΡΙΗΣΑΝἘΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ' is not a recognized Koine Greek term and its meaning is unclear.
Inflection: Unknown
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-moo
Translations: (of) war, (of) battle, (of) conflict
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'polemos', meaning 'war' or 'battle'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' in English, such as 'of war' or 'from war'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ
G0553
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PEI-ron
Translations: inexperienced, ignorant, unskilled, unacquainted with, boundless, infinite
Notes: This word describes someone who lacks experience, knowledge, or skill in a particular area, or something that is without limit or boundary. It can be used to describe a person who is ignorant or unskilled, or to describe a concept that is infinite. In the provided context, it refers to those who are inexperienced or ignorant.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΣ, ΑΜΑΘΗΣ, ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πεῖρα (peira), meaning 'trial', 'experience', or 'attempt'. Thus, it literally means 'without experience' or 'untried'.
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-nah-BAN-tes
Translations: having gone up, having ascended, having come up, having climbed, having embarked
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It is often used to describe people who have gone up to a higher place, such as a city, a mountain, or a ship. It can also refer to coming up from a lower place, like out of water.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΙΟΝΤΕΣ
G4744
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sto-AS
Translations: of a portico, of a colonnade, of a porch, of a stoa
Notes: This word refers to a portico, a colonnade, or a covered walkway, often with columns, typically found in ancient Greek and Roman architecture. It was a common public space used for walking, meeting, and philosophical discussions. The term 'Stoic' philosophy derives its name from the Stoa Poikile (Painted Porch) in Athens, where its founders taught. This form of the word indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand', suggesting a place where one stands or is supported.
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEES
Translations: of head, of a head, of a leader, of a source
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or source of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the head' or 'belonging to the head'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-FEE-eh-san
Translations: they were sending away, they were letting go, they were forgiving, they were permitting, they were leaving
Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'they were sending away,' 'they were letting go,' 'they were forgiving,' 'they were permitting,' or 'they were leaving.' For example, it could describe people continuously releasing something, or repeatedly forgiving someone.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ἘΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ
G0956
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEH-lee
Translations: arrows, darts, missiles
Notes: This word refers to arrows, darts, or other projectiles. It is typically used in a military or hunting context, describing weapons that are shot from a bow or thrown. It can also be used metaphorically to describe things that are swift or piercing.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΟΞΕΥΜΑΤΑ, ΒΟΛΙΔΕΣ
G4937
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-TREE-bon-toh
Translations: they were being crushed, they were being broken, they were being shattered, they were being bruised
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΤΡΙΒΩ (tribō), meaning "to rub, wear out, or crush." In this form, it describes an ongoing action in the past where a group of people or things were being crushed, broken, or shattered. It implies a state of being severely damaged or destroyed.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΟΝΤΟ, ΡΗΓΝΥΝΤΟ
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G0509
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AH-noh-then
Translations: from above, from the top, again, anew, from the beginning
Notes: This word is an adverb that can have both a spatial and a temporal meaning. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from the top,' indicating origin or direction from a higher place. Temporally, it means 'again,' 'anew,' or 'from the beginning,' indicating a repetition or a fresh start. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΚ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΝΩΘΕΝ is formed from the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above,' combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from' a place. Thus, it literally means 'from above' or 'from an upper place,' and by extension, 'from the beginning' or 'again'.
G0906
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: BAL-lon-tas
Translations: throwing, casting, putting, laying, placing
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It describes an ongoing action of throwing, casting, putting, or placing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. For example, it could describe someone 'throwing' or 'casting' something, or 'putting' something down.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G0293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-myoo-NES-thai
Translations: to defend oneself, to ward off, to repel, to avenge oneself, to retaliate
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΜΥΝΩ'. It means to defend oneself, to ward off an attack, or to retaliate against someone. It is used when the subject of the verb is acting to protect themselves or to get back at someone.
Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ἈΛΕΞΩ, ἈΠΟΚΡΟΥΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'ἈΜΥΝΩ' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to keep off' or 'to ward off'.
G4488
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HRAH-dee-os
Translations: easy, ready, willing, quick
Notes: This word describes something that is easy to do, readily available, or someone who is willing and quick to act. It is an adjective that modifies a noun, indicating a quality of ease or readiness. The form provided, 'ΡΑΔΙΟΝἨΝ', appears to be a misspelling or a highly unusual inflection of the word 'ῥᾴδιος' (rhadios), which means 'easy' or 'ready'. The expected accusative feminine singular would be 'ῥᾳδίαν' or 'ῥᾳδίην'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine (likely a misspelling of ῥᾳδίαν or ῥᾳδίην)
Synonyms: ΕΥΚΟΛΟΣ, ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁dʰ-yo- 'easy', from *wreh₁dʰ- 'to grow, to make easy'.
G4950
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: soos-TAH-deen
Translations: closely, hand to hand, in close combat, in close array
Notes: This word describes an action performed in a close, compact, or hand-to-hand manner. It is often used in contexts of combat or close proximity, indicating a lack of distance between participants or objects. For example, it could describe soldiers fighting in close quarters or objects being tightly packed together.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ
Etymology: From the verb συνίστημι (synistēmi), meaning 'to set together, to stand together, to bring together'. The adverbial ending -δην indicates manner.
G3164
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: mah-KHO-meh-noos
Translations: fighting, contending, warring, struggling
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to fight'. It describes individuals who are actively engaged in a conflict or struggle. It can refer to physical combat, but also to verbal disputes or spiritual struggles, depending on the context. It is used to describe those who are in the act of fighting or contending.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient root, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be able, to be strong'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to describe various forms of combat and struggle.
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-neen
Translations: to endure, to remain, to persevere, to bear up under, to stand firm
Notes: This word means to remain under, to endure, or to persevere. It implies a steadfastness in the face of difficulties, trials, or suffering, indicating a willingness to bear up under adverse circumstances rather than giving up. It can also mean to wait patiently for something or someone.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ, ΑΝΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Thus, it literally means 'to remain under' or 'to abide under', conveying the sense of enduring or persevering through something.
G2669
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-poh-noo-MEH-noy
Translations: oppressed, afflicted, worn out, distressed, hard-pressed, exhausted
Notes: This word describes someone who is severely oppressed, afflicted, or worn out by hardship or toil. It implies being burdened or distressed to a great extent, often to the point of exhaustion. It is used to describe individuals or groups suffering under difficult circumstances.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΚΟΥΧΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word καταπονέω (kataponeō) is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil' or 'to labor'. Thus, it literally means 'to toil down' or 'to labor against', conveying the sense of being worn down by effort or oppression.
G0297
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: am-fo-TEH-ron
Translations: (of) both, (of) both parties, (of) both sides
Notes: This word means 'of both' or 'of both parties/sides'. It is an adjective used to refer to two distinct entities or groups, indicating that something pertains to or is shared by both of them. It is typically used in a context where two things have already been mentioned or are clearly implied.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G5254, G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-PIM-pra-sin
Translations: to set on fire, to burn, to set fire to, to burn down
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and the verb ΠΙΜΠΡΑΩ (pimpraō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. The compound word means to set something on fire, often implying a more complete or destructive burning, or perhaps a secret or insidious burning. It describes the action of causing something to burn or be consumed by fire.
Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΙΜΠΡΑΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΡΑΩ
G4744
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sto-AS
Translations: porticoes, a portico, colonnades, a colonnade
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling of 'στοάς' (stoas), which is the accusative plural form of 'στοά' (stoa). A stoa is a covered walkway or portico, typically with columns on one side and a wall on the other, often found in ancient Greek architecture. It was used as a public space for walking, meeting, and conducting business. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'porticoes' or 'colonnades' that are being acted upon.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'στοά' (stoa) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂- meaning 'to stand'. It refers to a standing structure, specifically a covered colonnade or portico.
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gah
Translations: works, deeds, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or things done. It can encompass both good and bad deeds depending on the context, describing the outcome or result of an effort. It is often used to describe the actions of people or God.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ
G2298
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: thav-ma-SEE-ah
Translations: wonderful, marvelous, amazing, a wonder, marvelous things, wonders
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'wonderful' or 'marvelous'. When used in the neuter plural, as in the examples, it often functions as a noun meaning 'wonders' or 'marvelous things'. It describes something that causes astonishment or admiration due to its extraordinary nature.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ, ΕΚΠΛΗΞΙΣ
G3172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-GEH-thoos
Translations: of greatness, of magnitude, of size, of stature
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being great in size, extent, or importance. It can describe physical dimensions, such as the size of an object or a person's stature, or it can refer to the significance or grandeur of something. It is often used to emphasize the impressive nature of a subject.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ
G4189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-ly-te-LEI-as
Translations: of great expense, of costliness, of extravagance, of luxury, of splendor, of magnificence
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being very expensive, costly, or luxurious. It describes something that is characterized by great expense, splendor, or extravagance, often implying a high degree of value or opulence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΑΠΑΝΗΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΙΑΣ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΥ
G1752
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EN-eh-ken
Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of, (of) for, (of) by reason of
Notes: ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an improper preposition that typically takes the genitive case, meaning 'because of' or 'on account of'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It is used to express the cause or reason behind an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect; takes the genitive case when used as a preposition.
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an ancient Greek word, likely formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and a form related to 'heka' (on account of). It has been in use since classical Greek and continued into Koine Greek.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G1810
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eks-AIF-nees
Translations: suddenly, unexpectedly, at once
Notes: This word is an adverb that describes an action or event happening without warning or preparation. It indicates an abrupt and unforeseen occurrence, similar to how one might say 'all of a sudden' in English. It is used to emphasize the suddenness of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑἸΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ἈΦΝΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ is an adverb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the noun αἴφνης (aiphnes, 'suddenness'), which itself is related to ἄφνω (aphno, 'suddenly'). It conveys the sense of something emerging 'out of suddenness'.
G5395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FLOH-goss
Translations: of flame, of a flame, of fire
Notes: This word refers to a flame or a blaze of fire. It is used to describe the visible, gaseous part of a fire. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of flame' or 'of fire'. It can be used in contexts describing the destructive power of fire or its illuminating quality.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΥΡ
Etymology: From a primary root meaning 'to burn' or 'to shine'. It is related to words describing light and heat.
G4024
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-rees-kheh-THEN-tes
Translations: having been surrounded, having been enclosed, having been held, having been contained, having been seized
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb περιέχω (periechō), meaning 'to surround, enclose, contain, or seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred to the subject. In this form, it indicates that the subjects have undergone the action of being surrounded, enclosed, or seized. It is a compound word formed from περί (peri, 'around') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, hold').
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: en-OW-tay
Translations: she, herself, it, itself, the same, a same
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun or adjective 'αὐτός' (autos). It means 'she,' 'herself,' 'it,' 'itself,' or 'the same.' It is used to refer back to a previously mentioned feminine noun or to emphasize a feminine subject. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'the same' or 'itself' when used attributively.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
G1311
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ef-THA-ree-san
Translations: they were corrupted, they were destroyed, they perished, they were ruined
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phtheiro), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy.' Together, it means to utterly corrupt, destroy, or ruin. In the passive voice, as seen here, it indicates that the subjects were corrupted, destroyed, or perished.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-OHN
Translations: of enemies, of adversaries, of foes
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone, often translated as 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. It is the genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, so it typically translates as 'of enemies' or 'belonging to enemies'. It is used to describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΩΝ
G4072
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pay-DON-tes
Translations: leaping, jumping, springing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to leap' or 'to jump'. It describes individuals who are in the act of leaping or jumping. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the leaping men'), or adverbially, describing how an action is performed (e.g., 'they came leaping'). It implies a vigorous or sudden movement.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΚΙΡΤΩΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΗΔΑΩ (pēdaō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to leap' or 'to spring'.
G1519, G0846
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Part of Speech: Prepositional Phrase, Adverbial Phrase
Sounds like: eis-ow-TOOS
Translations: into them, to them, against them, upon them
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed from the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the accusative masculine plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It indicates motion or direction towards a group of masculine or common gender individuals, or a hostile action against them. It can also denote a state of being 'among them' or 'upon them'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥΣ, ἘΠ' ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G3588, G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverbial Phrase
Sounds like: too-pi-SOH
Translations: backward, backwards, behind, to the rear
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed from the genitive singular masculine/neuter definite article 'τοῦ' (tou) and the adverb 'ὀπίσω' (opisō). It functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'backward' or 'to the rear'. It indicates movement or position in a direction opposite to the front.
Inflection: Does not inflect (fixed phrase)
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khoos
Translations: of a wall, of a city wall, of a fortification
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive structure like a city wall or a fortification. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to a wall, such as 'the strength of a wall' or 'the top of a wall'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΙΣΜΑ
G1620
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-krem-NEE-zon-toh
Translations: they were being thrown down, they were being cast down, they were being hurled down
Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect passive tense, third person plural. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where the subjects were being thrown or cast down from a height. It implies a forceful or violent removal from a high place.
Inflection: Imperfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΟ, ΡΙΠΤΟΥΝΤΟ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G0276
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-may-khah-NEE-ahs
Translations: of perplexity, of distress, of helplessness, of difficulty, of impossibility
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without resources, at a loss, or in a difficult situation. It describes a feeling of helplessness or perplexity when faced with an insurmountable problem or an impossible task. It is often used to describe a situation where there is no way out or no solution.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-oys
Translations: one's own, his own, her own, its own, their own, private, peculiar, proper, a private, a peculiar
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique relationship, indicating something that belongs specifically to a person or group, or is characteristic of them. It can be used substantively, meaning 'one's own people' or 'one's own things'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂, ΟἸΚΕΙ͂ΟΣ
G3162
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KSEE-feh-sin
Translations: (to) swords, (with) swords, (by) swords
Notes: This word refers to swords, which are weapons with a long blade used for cutting or thrusting. As a dative plural form, it indicates the instrument by which an action is performed, or the indirect object to which something is directed. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'by means of swords' or 'with swords'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poor
Translations: fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to the element of fire. It is commonly used in a literal sense to denote burning, heat, or light. Metaphorically, it can represent divine judgment, purification, testing, or the presence of God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G5348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ef-THA-non
Translations: they were arriving, they were reaching, I was arriving, I was reaching, they arrived, they reached, I arrived, I reached
Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating an action that was ongoing, repeated, or attempted in the past. It can mean 'to arrive,' 'to reach,' 'to come before,' or 'to anticipate.' It describes a past action that was not necessarily completed or that continued over a period.
Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-soy
Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many
Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: DEH-kah-THER-pyoo-san-tes
Translations: creeping ten, ten-creeping, ten-crawling
Notes: This word appears to be a compound participle, likely a misspelling or a very rare form of *δεκαέρποντες* (dekaerpontes), meaning 'ten-creeping' or 'ten-crawling'. It would describe something that moves by creeping or crawling, specifically with ten parts or in a manner associated with the number ten. Given the context, it might refer to something that has ten legs or moves in a ten-fold manner. It is a compound of 'δέκα' (deka, meaning ten) and a form of 'ἕρπω' (herpō, meaning to creep or crawl).
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist Active Participle
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAY-khon
Translations: of a wall, of walls
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive structure like a city wall or a fortification. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of walls' or 'belonging to walls'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΗ, ΤΕΙΧΕΑ
G2240
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HEEK-san
Translations: they had come, they were present, they arrived
Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect or aorist indicative form of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come,' 'to be present,' or 'to arrive.' It describes an action of coming or arriving that occurred in the past, often emphasizing the state of having arrived or being present.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Imperfect or Aorist
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-meh-tah-khee-RIS-toy
Translations: easy to handle, manageable, pliable, tractable
Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning "easy to handle" or "manageable." It describes something or someone that is readily controlled, manipulated, or dealt with without difficulty. It can refer to objects, situations, or even people who are compliant or easily influenced.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΧΕΙΡΗΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΕΙΘΗΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of three elements: εὖ (eu, meaning 'well' or 'good'), μετά (meta, meaning 'with' or 'after'), and χείρ (cheir, meaning 'hand'). The suffix -ιστος forms an adjective indicating capability or ease, thus literally meaning 'well-handled' or 'easy to handle'.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-o-lo-LO-ton
Translations: of those who have perished, of those who have been destroyed, of the lost, of the ruined
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'ἀπόλλυμι' (apollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to perish'. It refers to a group of people or things that have already been destroyed, lost, or ruined. It is often used to describe those who are spiritually lost or condemned.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ
G1167
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEH-oos
Translations: (of) fear, (of) terror, (of) awe, (of) dread
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'fear,' 'terror,' or 'awe.' It describes a state of intense apprehension or reverence. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often indicating the source or nature of something, such as 'full of fear and confusion.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΕΟΣ (deos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words signifying 'to bind' or 'to be afraid.'
G4650
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: skeh-das-THEN-tone
Translations: having been scattered, having been dispersed, of those who were scattered, of those who were dispersed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'skedannymi', meaning 'to scatter' or 'to disperse'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes a group of people or things that have been scattered or dispersed, often implying a state of being spread out or separated. It functions like an adjective modifying a noun in the genitive case, or can stand on its own as a substantive, meaning 'of those who were scattered'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΕΔΑΝΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The verb σκέδαννυμι (skedannymi) comes from an earlier form σκίδνημι (skidnēmi), which is related to the root *sked-, meaning 'to split, scatter'.
G2047
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-RAY-moh
Translations: to a desert, in a desert, to a wilderness, in a wilderness, to a desolate place, in a desolate place
Notes: This word refers to a desert, wilderness, or desolate place. It is used to describe an uninhabited or sparsely populated area, often barren or uncultivated. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating location ('in the wilderness') or direction ('to the wilderness').
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2343
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thay-sa-OO-roh
Translations: to store up, to lay up, to treasure, to hoard, to save, to accumulate
Notes: This verb means to store up or lay up something, often referring to wealth, treasures, or provisions. It can also imply accumulating or hoarding. It is used to describe the act of gathering and keeping things for future use, whether literally or figuratively.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΗΣΑΥΡΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΤΑΜΙΕΥΩ
Etymology: From the noun θησαυρός (thēsauros), meaning 'treasure' or 'storehouse'. The verb is derived from this noun, indicating the action of creating or using a treasure/storehouse.
G4363
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-pes-ON-tes
Translations: falling down, having fallen down, prostrating themselves, prostrating himself, prostrating herself
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō), meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall down before'. It describes an action of falling down, often in an act of supplication, worship, or reverence. It can be used to describe someone prostrating themselves before another person or a deity, indicating humility or submission.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō) is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in front of', and 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'.
G4757
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tai
Translations: soldiers, the soldiers
Notes: This word refers to soldiers, military personnel, or warriors. It is typically used in a plural sense to denote a group of individuals serving in an army or military force. It can be used in sentences to refer to a body of troops or individual members of the military.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΟΠΛΙΤΑΙ
G5071
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: tet-ra-KO-see-ah
Translations: four hundred
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'four hundred'. It is used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of 400. It functions similarly to an adjective, agreeing in number, gender, and case with the noun it modifies, though it can also be used substantively.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter. It can also be used for Masculine or Feminine nouns in these cases.
Etymology: The word ΤΕΤΡΑΚΟΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek prefix ΤΕΤΡΑ- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the root for 'hundred', -ΚΟΣΙΑ (-kosia).
G5007
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TA-lan-tah
Translations: talents, a talent
Notes: A talent was a unit of weight and money in ancient times, typically a very large sum. It could refer to a weight of precious metal, such as silver or gold, or a corresponding amount of currency. It is used here in the plural form.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- 'to lift, support, weigh'. It refers to something weighed or balanced.
G1283
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-san
Translations: plundered, they plundered, they seized as spoil, they carried off as plunder
Notes: This word describes the act of plundering, seizing, or carrying off something as spoil. It implies a forceful and often violent taking of possessions, typically after a conquest or attack. It is used to describe what a group of people did.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize', 'to snatch', or 'to carry off'. The prefix διά intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.
G5608
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OH-no-sah
Translations: I bought, he bought, she bought, it bought
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to buy' or 'to purchase'. The form 'ΩΝΟΣΑ' is the first person singular or third person singular, aorist active indicative, meaning 'I bought' or 'he/she/it bought'. It describes a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Singular
Etymology: From ὤνη (ōnē), meaning 'purchase price' or 'gain'.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2813
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ek-LAH-pee
Translations: was stolen, was carried off by stealth, was plundered
Notes: This is a verb in the aorist passive indicative form, meaning 'was stolen' or 'was carried off by stealth'. It describes an action that happened in the past and was done to the subject, rather than by the subject. The prefix 'δι-' (di-) can intensify the action or indicate a thoroughness, suggesting something was completely stolen or carried away.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G0147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-THROI-sen
Translations: gathered, assembled, collected, mustered
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gather', 'to assemble', or 'to collect'. It is used to describe the act of bringing people or things together into one place. The form 'ἨΘΡΟΙΣΕΝ' specifically indicates that someone 'gathered' or 'assembled' something in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ
Etymology: The word ἀθροίζω (athroizō) comes from the Greek word ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded together' or 'in a mass'. It is related to the word θρόος (throos), which refers to a noise or clamor, suggesting a crowd.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is used to denote the Jewish people collectively or individually. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the focus of a statement.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gohn
Translations: of works, of deeds, of actions, of tasks
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or tasks. It is often used in a broad sense to describe anything that is done or produced, whether good or bad. It can refer to physical labor, moral conduct, or the results of an activity.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ
G5356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: phtho-RAH
Translations: corruption, destruction, decay, ruin, a corruption, a destruction
Notes: ΦΘΟΡΑ refers to the process of decay, ruin, or destruction, often implying a state of moral or physical deterioration. It describes the perishing of something, whether it's a physical object, a living being, or a moral quality. It is used to denote the opposite of incorruption or immortality.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΔΙΑΦΘΟΡΑ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G4119, G2532
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Conjunction
Sounds like: PLAY-oos-KAI
Translations: more and, greater and, many and, much and
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adjective ΠΛΕΙΟΥΣ (pleious) and the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai). ΠΛΕΙΟΥΣ is the comparative form of ΠΟΛΥΣ (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', and translates to 'more' or 'greater'. ΚΑΙ means 'and'. Together, ΠΛΕΙΟΥΣΚΑΙ means 'more and' or 'greater and', indicating an increase or comparison followed by an additional element. It functions to connect two ideas or elements, with the first element being emphasized as 'more' or 'greater'.
Inflection: ΠΛΕΙΟΥΣ: Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural. ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect.
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΝΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ, ΚΑΙΠΕΡ
G3163
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-khee-MOH-teh-roos
Translations: more warlike, more combative, more fighting, those more warlike, those more combative
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'μάχιμος' (machimos), meaning 'warlike' or 'combative'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of this quality, meaning 'more warlike' or 'more combative'. It is used to describe individuals or groups who are more inclined to fight or are more skilled in combat than others. In this inflected form, it functions as a direct object in a sentence, referring to multiple masculine entities.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Comparative
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΚΩΤΕΡΟΥΣ, ΕΝΟΠΛΟΤΕΡΟΥΣ
G1999
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-soon-es-TEE-sen
Translations: gathered together, assembled, caused to rise up, stirred up, incited
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefixes ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition') and σύν (syn, 'with, together') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand, to cause to stand'). It means to gather or assemble people together, often with the implication of causing them to rise up or stirring them into action, such as inciting a rebellion or a crowd against someone. It describes the act of bringing individuals into a collective group or causing a collective movement.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G4514
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys
Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans
Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.
G4024
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-ris-KHON-tes
Translations: having surrounded, having encompassed, having contained, having held around, having seized, having taken possession of
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'periechō', meaning 'to surround' or 'to encompass'. It describes an action of enclosing or holding something within limits. It can also imply seizing or taking possession of something by surrounding it. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject as having performed the action of surrounding or containing.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-pee-LOO-oon
Translations: threatened, were threatening
Notes: This word means 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. It is used to describe an action of making threats, often implying an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They were threatening to harm him' or 'They threatened him repeatedly'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
G1311
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-af-THAY-reen
Translations: to corrupt, to destroy, to ruin, to spoil, to pervert, to lead astray, to seduce, to waste, to decay
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy.' It signifies a thorough or complete destruction, corruption, or perversion. It can be used to describe the physical destruction of objects, the moral corruption of individuals or societies, or the spoiling of something good. In a moral sense, it implies leading someone astray or seducing them from a proper path.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ
G5035
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: THAT-ton
Translations: sooner, more quickly, faster
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adverb 'quickly'. It means 'more quickly' or 'sooner'. It is used to indicate that an action happens with greater speed or at an earlier time than something else. For example, one might say 'he came sooner' or 'they acted more quickly'.
Inflection: Comparative degree, Neuter Singular (used adverbially)
Synonyms: ΤΑΧΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΤΕΡΟΝ
G0565
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PI-oy-en
Translations: they would go away, they might go away, they would depart, they might depart
Notes: This word is a verb indicating movement away from a place or person. It describes the action of departing or going away, often with a sense of finality or separation. As an optative mood, it expresses a wish, a potential action, or a hypothetical situation, suggesting what 'they would' or 'they might' do.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Optative, Active, Present
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ
G5261
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-piss-KHNOO-n-toh
Translations: they promised, they were promising
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to undertake'. It is formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb 'ἰσχνέομαι' (ischneomai), which is related to 'ἔχω' (echō) meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this form, it describes an action of promising that was ongoing or repeated in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The verb ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (ischneomai), which is a middle voice form related to ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under an obligation' or 'to take upon oneself'.
G0089
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-DEH-ee-ah
Translations: freedom, a freedom, liberty, a liberty, license, a license, permission, a permission, impunity, an impunity
Notes: This word refers to freedom from fear, danger, or restraint. It can mean liberty, permission, or license to do something, often implying a lack of hindrance or punishment. It is used to describe a state of security or the ability to act without impediment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-BEE-noh
Translations: Sabinus
Notes: This word refers to Sabinus, a common Roman surname or cognomen. In the provided context, it appears to refer to a specific individual named Sabinus, likely a Roman military figure or official. It is used as a proper name.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: This is a Greek transliteration of the Latin cognomen 'Sabinus', which means 'Sabine' or 'from the Sabines', referring to an ancient Italic tribe.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noh
Translations: (to) wishing, (to) desiring, (to) intending, (to) purposing, (to) willing
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai). It describes someone who is currently wishing, desiring, or intending to do something, and is used in a context where the action is directed towards or for the benefit of that person. It functions like an adjective modifying a noun or pronoun in the dative case.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G5010, G1831
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Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
Sounds like: TAG-ma-tos EX-ee-eh-nai
Translations: of a troop to go out, of a division to go out, to go out from a troop, to depart from a division
Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the genitive singular of the noun 'τάγμα' (tagma), meaning 'order, division, troop, company', and the present active infinitive of the verb 'ἐξέρχομαι' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out, come out, depart'. The phrase collectively means 'to go out from a troop' or 'to depart from a division'. It describes the action of leaving a military unit or an organized group.
Inflection: ΤΑΓΜΑΤΟΣ: Singular, Genitive, Neuter; ἘΞΙΕΝΑΙ: Present, Active, Infinitive
G4846
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-LAM-bah-non
Translations: they were helping, they were assisting, they were seizing, they were arresting, they were conceiving
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν' (together with) and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to seize). In its imperfect active indicative form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can mean to help or assist someone, to seize or arrest someone, or to conceive (as in, to become pregnant). The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΠΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLEY-OOS
Translations: more, many, numerous, a greater number
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. It is used to indicate a greater quantity or number of something, often translated as 'more' or 'more numerous'. It can be used with a genitive case to mean 'more than' or followed by 'η' (than) to express comparison.
Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΝΑ, ΠΟΛΛΟΙ
G0937
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KOHN
Translations: of royal things, of royal possessions, of the king's possessions, of the royal treasury, of the king's property
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'βασιλικός', meaning 'royal' or 'belonging to a king'. It describes something as pertaining to a king, a kingdom, or royalty. In this inflected form, it typically refers to things that are royal or belong to the king, such as royal property, royal funds, or royal family members, often implying possession or origin.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΣ
Etymology: The word 'βασιλικός' (basilikos) is derived from 'βασιλεύς' (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to anything pertaining to a king or kingdom.
G0847
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ow-toh-moh-LAY-san-tes
Translations: deserting, having deserted, defecting, having defected, going over, having gone over
Notes: This word describes the action of deserting or defecting, often from one's military or political allegiance. It implies a voluntary change of sides, usually to an enemy or opposing force. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who has performed this action or the manner in which an action was performed.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G3305
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN-toy
Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly
Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-le-mee-ko-TA-ton
Translations: most warlike, most hostile, most skilled in war, the most warlike, the most hostile
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πολεμικός' (polemikos), meaning 'warlike' or 'hostile'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of this quality, thus 'most warlike' or 'most hostile'. It is used to describe something or someone that is exceptionally inclined to war, skilled in warfare, or extremely hostile. In the provided examples, it describes a 'part' or a 'tribe' as being the most warlike.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΙΜΩΤΑΤΟΝ, ΕΧΘΡΙΚΩΤΑΤΟΝ
Etymology: The word derives from the noun 'πόλεμος' (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix '-ικος' forms adjectives, and '-ώτατον' indicates the superlative degree.
G3313
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MEH-ross
Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side
Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.
G4575
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: seh-bas-TEE-noy
Translations: Augustan soldiers, Sebastenians, imperial troops
Notes: This word refers to soldiers or people associated with the Roman emperor Augustus, or more specifically, inhabitants or soldiers from the city of Sebaste. It is a plural noun, indicating a group of such individuals. In historical contexts, it often denotes imperial troops or a specific military unit named after Augustus.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: Derived from the Greek word 'Σεβαστός' (Sebastos), which is the Greek equivalent of the Latin 'Augustus', meaning 'reverend' or 'venerable'. It was a title given to Roman emperors, particularly the first emperor, Augustus. The suffix '-ηνοι' indicates a group or people associated with the root.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: trees-KHEE-lee-oy-ROO-foss
Translations: Rufus and three thousand, three thousand Rufuses
Notes: This is a compound proper noun, likely referring to a group of three thousand men associated with or led by a person named Rufus. It combines the numeral 'three thousand' (ΤΡΙΣΧΙΛΙΟΙ) with the proper name 'Rufus' (ΡΟΥΦΟΣ). In context, it would refer to 'Rufus and three thousand (men)' or 'three thousand Rufuses', possibly a specific military unit or faction.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: GRAH-tos
Translations: Gratus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name, Gratus. In the provided context, Gratus appears to be a leader or a significant individual, possibly a military commander, as he is described as 'the leader of the royal infantry'. Proper nouns like this are used to identify specific people, places, or things.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Gratus is of Latin origin, meaning 'pleasing' or 'agreeable'. It was a common Roman cognomen.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G3979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ZOOS
Translations: footmen, infantry, those on foot, a footman, an infantryman
Notes: This word refers to people who travel or fight on foot, such as foot soldiers or infantry. It is often used in contrast to those who travel by horse or chariot. In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of soldiers or travelers who are not mounted.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΗΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G4514
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ROO-foss
Translations: Rufus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male individual named Rufus. It is used as a personal name in various historical and biblical contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Rufus is of Latin origin, meaning 'red' or 'red-haired'. It was a common Roman cognomen.
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hip-PEIS
Translations: horsemen, cavalry, a horseman
Notes: This word refers to horsemen or cavalry. It is used to describe individuals who ride horses, especially in a military context, or a group of such individuals. It can also refer to the cavalry as a military unit.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΠΠΟΤΑΙ, ΙΠΠΟΔΡΟΜΟΙ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAH-teh-ross
Translations: each, each one, both
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'each' or 'each one' of two distinct entities. It is used to refer to one of two individuals or groups, emphasizing their distinctness while still considering them within a pair. It can also be translated as 'both' when referring to two things individually rather than as a collective unit.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΙ
Etymology: From a combination of the prefix 'heka-' (each) and 'heteros' (other). It refers to one of two, or each of two.
G2532, G5561
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: kahee-KHO-rees
Translations: and apart from, and without, and separate from, even apart from, even without
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction "καί" (kai), meaning "and" or "even," and the preposition "χωρίς" (choris), meaning "apart from" or "without." Therefore, "καιχωρίς" means "and apart from" or "even without." It is used to indicate an additional separation or exclusion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G5218
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pee-KO-oo
Translations: obedient, submissive, subject, a subject, subjects
Notes: This word describes someone who is obedient, submissive, or subject to another. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Thus, it literally means 'hearing under' or 'listening under', implying submission to what is heard or commanded. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are under the authority of someone else, or who readily comply with commands.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΚΟΣ
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-ohs
Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a mighty work. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something, such as 'of power' or 'of strength'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ
G0259
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: al-KAYN
Translations: strength, might, power, force, a strength, a might, a power, a force
Notes: This word refers to physical strength, might, or power. It can be used to describe the inherent ability or force possessed by a person or entity. It is often used in contexts referring to physical prowess or the capacity to exert force.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
G4907
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soo-NEH-sin
Translations: understanding, intelligence, discernment, an understanding, an intelligence, a discernment
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of understanding, intelligence, or discernment. It denotes the ability to comprehend, perceive, and make sense of information or situations. It is often used in contexts related to wisdom, insight, and the capacity for sound judgment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ
G4499
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: roh-PEH
Translations: turn, a turn, turning, inclination, moment, a moment, scale, weight, decision, outcome
Notes: This word refers to a turning, an inclination, or a decisive moment. It can describe the turning of a scale, indicating a slight weight or a decisive factor. It is often used to denote a critical point in time, a turning point, or the outcome of a situation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΚΛΙΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb ῥέπω (rhepo), meaning 'to incline, to turn the scale'.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ETH-en-toh
Translations: they added, they put to, they continued, they did again
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to add to,' 'to put to,' or 'to continue.' It can also imply doing something again or further. It is often used to describe an action that is repeated or an increase in quantity or intensity. For example, it might be used to say 'they added more people' or 'they continued to sin.'
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΑ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1759
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-EH-kin-toh
Translations: they were urgent, they pressed upon, they insisted, they lay upon, they were laid upon
Notes: This word describes an action of pressing upon, urging, or insisting with force or persistence. It can also mean to lie upon or be laid upon something. It implies a strong, persistent action or pressure, often in a hostile or demanding manner.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΚΕΙ͂ΜΑΙ, ἘΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and ΚΕΙ͂ΜΑΙ (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'.
G4147
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-lee-OR-kee-ah
Translations: siege, a siege
Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation of surrounding a place and cutting off its supplies to compel its surrender. It is a compound word derived from 'πόλις' (polis, city) and 'ἔργον' (ergon, work/deed), literally meaning 'city-work' or 'city-deed'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb πολιορκέω (poliorkeō, to besiege), which is a compound of πόλις (polis, city) and ἔργον (ergon, work, deed). It literally means 'city-work' or 'city-deed', referring to the act of besieging a city.
G3588, G5098
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Part of Speech: Article, Noun
Sounds like: TON-tee-KHON
Translations: of the walls, of walls
Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the genitive plural definite article 'of the' and the genitive plural of the noun 'wall'. It refers to something belonging to or associated with multiple walls. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to 'of the walls' in English.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter
G0260
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: AH-mah
Translations: at the same time, together, with, at once, simultaneously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the same time' or 'together'. It emphasizes simultaneity or togetherness of actions or people. It can also function as an improper preposition, taking the dative case, to mean 'together with' or 'with'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΥ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying 'together' or 'at the same time' in various Indo-European languages.
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pei-ROH-meh-noi
Translations: trying, attempting, testing, making trial of, experiencing
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are trying,' 'those who are attempting,' or 'those who are testing.' It describes an ongoing action of making an effort, putting something to the test, or experiencing something. It can be used to describe people who are actively engaged in an endeavor or who are undergoing a trial.
Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ
G4510, G1796
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: sah-BEE-noh-nem-boh-OHN-tes
Translations: shouting at Sabinus, crying out against Sabinus
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the proper noun 'Sabinus' and the verb 'to shout at' or 'to cry out against'. It describes a group of people who are actively shouting at or crying out against Sabinus. The form indicates that the action is ongoing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
G0565
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pee-EH-nai
Translations: to go away, to depart, to leave, to go off
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀπεῖμι', meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, specifically leaving a location. It can be used in various contexts to indicate a physical departure or a general act of going.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ἘΞΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word 'ἀπεῖμι' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'εἶμι' (eimi), meaning 'to go'.
G3361, G3366
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MAYD
Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: em-po-DON
Translations: in the way, hindering, an obstacle, an impediment
Notes: This word is an adverbial expression meaning 'in the way' or 'as an impediment'. It is often used to describe something that obstructs progress or prevents an action from taking place. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'πούς' (foot), literally meaning 'in the feet' or 'at the feet', hence 'in the way'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (used adverbially, but derived from the genitive plural of a noun)
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΜΑ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΜΠΟΔΩΝ is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and the genitive plural of the noun ΠΟΥΣ (foot). It literally means 'in the feet' and evolved to mean 'in the way' or 'hindering'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai
Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born
Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-noo
Translations: (of) time, time
Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOO
Translations: (of) much, (of) many, (of) great, (of) a great deal
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much,' 'many,' or 'great.' It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or a partitive relationship, meaning 'of much' or 'of many.' It can modify both countable and uncountable nouns.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G2892
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: koh-MEE-zoh-meh-noys
Translations: receiving, carrying, obtaining, bringing, recovering, getting, being carried, being brought
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κομίζω'. It describes an action of receiving, carrying, or obtaining something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate an ongoing action or state. It can refer to the act of bringing something to oneself or to another, or to the act of being carried or brought by someone or something else.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Middle or Passive Voice, Present Tense
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΤΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word κομίζω (komizō) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kem-, meaning 'to grasp, to hold'. It is related to words signifying care, provision, and acquisition.
G3961
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-tree-on
Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary
Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.
G0847
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ow-toh-noh-MEE-ahn
Translations: autonomy, self-governance, independence, an autonomy, a self-governance, an independence
Notes: This word refers to the state of being self-governing or independent. It describes the freedom of a group or individual to make their own laws and decisions without external control. It is often used in contexts relating to political or social independence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΑΡΚΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. Thus, it literally means 'self-law' or 'self-rule'.
G0027, G3303
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Particle
Sounds like: ah-gah-peh-TON-men
Translations: beloved, dear, loved, pleasing, agreeable, indeed, truly, on the one hand, certainly
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adjective 'ἀγαπητόν' (agapēton) and the particle 'μέν' (men). 'Ἀγαπητόν' means 'beloved' or 'dear', often referring to something that is pleasing or agreeable. 'Μέν' is a particle used to introduce a clause, often in contrast with a following clause introduced by 'δέ' (de), meaning 'on the one hand... on the other hand'. It can also simply emphasize a statement, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'. Together, 'ἀγαπητόν μέν' would mean 'indeed beloved' or 'certainly pleasing', often setting up a contrast.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (for ἀγαπητόν); Does not inflect (for μέν)
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΗΔΥΣ
G5260
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pex-el-THAYN
Translations: to go out from under, to escape, to withdraw, to get out, to come out from under
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb ὑπεξέρχομαι (hypexerchomai), which is a compound verb formed from three parts: ὑπό (hypo, 'under' or 'from under'), ἐξ (ex, 'out of'), and ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come' or 'to go'). It means to go out from under something, implying an escape or withdrawal from a place or situation, often with the nuance of getting out from beneath a burden or constraint. It describes the action of leaving a place or situation, particularly one that might be oppressive or dangerous.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ
G0569
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PIS-tay
Translations: he was disbelieving, she was disbelieving, it was disbelieving, he did not believe, she did not believe, it did not believe
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb ἀπιστέω (apisteō), meaning 'to disbelieve' or 'not to believe'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, 'he was disbelieving' or 'she did not believe'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ, ΑΠΕΛΠΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἀπιστέω (apisteō) is derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πιστεύω (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. Thus, it literally means 'not to believe' or 'to be without faith'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G5261
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pos-KHEH-seh-sin
Translations: promises, pledges, assurances
Notes: This word refers to promises, pledges, or assurances given by someone. It is often used in the context of commitments or declarations of future action. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold', implying something held out or offered.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΙΑ, ΔΩΡΕΑ
G4239
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRAH-on
Translations: gentle, meek, mild, kind
Notes: This word describes someone or something as gentle, meek, or mild in disposition or character. It implies a calm, humble, and non-aggressive nature. It can be used to describe a person's temperament or the quality of an action or object.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΗΠΙΟΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΗΣ
Etymology: The word "πραός" (praos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'soft' or 'mild'.
G1185
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEH-leh-ar
Translations: bait, a bait, lure, a lure, snare, a snare
Notes: This word refers to bait, a lure, or a snare, something used to entice or trap. It can be used literally for fishing or hunting, or metaphorically for something that tempts or deceives someone into a dangerous or undesirable situation.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΘΗΡΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'to entice' or 'to catch'.
G1749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-NEH-drahn
Translations: ambush, a trap, a lying in wait, an ambush
Notes: This word refers to a hidden position from which to make a surprise attack, or the act of lying in wait. It can also refer to a trap or snare. It is often used in contexts involving military strategy or deceit.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΓΙΣ
G5283
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pop-TEH-oo-en
Translations: suspected, was suspecting, had suspicion, was apprehensive
Notes: This word means to suspect, to be suspicious of, or to be apprehensive. It describes the act of having a feeling or belief that something is true, especially something bad, without proof. It can also imply a sense of distrust or fear regarding a person or situation. In the provided examples, it is used to convey that someone was suspecting or had suspicions about a situation or person.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΝΟΕΩ, ΥΠΟΠΤΟΣ ΕΙΜΙ
G0996
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-AY-theh-ee-an
Translations: help, aid, assistance, a help, an aid, an assistance
Notes: This word refers to help, aid, or assistance. It is used to describe the act of providing support or relief to someone in need. It can be used in various contexts where assistance is offered or received.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΙΑ, ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΗ
G1679
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-pee-ZOHN
Translations: hoping, one who hopes, trusting, one who trusts, expecting, one who expects
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hoping,' 'trusting,' or 'expecting.' It describes someone who is currently in a state of hope or trust. It is often used to describe a person who places their hope or confidence in someone or something, frequently in God.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩΝ
G1304
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-TREE-ben
Translations: spent, was spending, passed, was passing, continued, was continuing, stayed, was staying, tarried, was tarrying
Notes: This word describes the action of spending time, passing time, or continuing in a place or activity. It can also mean to stay or tarry somewhere. It is often used to indicate a prolonged period of time spent in a particular location or engaged in a specific action.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ
G4145
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-lee-OR-kee-an
Translations: siege, a siege, besieging, blockading
Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation of surrounding a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. It is often used in contexts of warfare and military strategy.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ
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