2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-traf-EE

Translations: return, turn back, be converted, turn around, turn to

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'epistrepho', meaning to return, turn back, or be converted. It describes the act of changing direction, either physically or metaphorically, often implying a turning towards something or someone, or a turning away from a previous state or path. It can refer to a physical return to a place or a spiritual conversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-traf-ee-SEH-tai

Translations: he will be converted, he will be turned, he will return, he will turn back

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a future action of being turned or returning. It is often used in a spiritual sense to mean 'to be converted' or 'to turn to God,' but can also refer to a physical turning or returning. It implies a change of direction or allegiance.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and στρέφω (strephō, 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G4014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-lee

Translations: take away, remove, cut off, circumcise, abolish

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from περί (peri, meaning 'around' or 'about') and αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'). It generally means to take away, remove, or abolish something. In some contexts, particularly in the Septuagint, it can specifically refer to the act of circumcising. It is used to describe the action of removing something from a place or a person, or to eliminate a condition or practice.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word περιαιρέω is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Its meaning evolved from 'taking around' to 'taking away' or 'removing'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah-tos

Translations: mouth, a mouth, (of) mouth, (of) a mouth

Notes: This word refers to the mouth, either literally as a part of the body (of humans or animals) or metaphorically as the source of speech, utterance, or command. It is often used in contexts related to speaking, declaring, or consuming.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΜΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stom-n-, meaning 'mouth'. It is related to words for mouth in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G2125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-lah-BEE-thay

Translations: be cautious, be afraid, fear, reverence, respect, take heed

Notes: This word means to be cautious, to be afraid, or to show reverence. It implies a careful and respectful attitude, often out of fear of consequences or respect for authority. It can be used in contexts where one needs to be careful not to do something, or to show proper respect towards someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΙΔΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΛΑΒΕΟΜΑΙ is derived from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Thus, it originally meant 'to take well' or 'to handle carefully', evolving to mean 'to be cautious' or 'to show reverence'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2920

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-sees

Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, a decision, condemnation, a condemnation, justice, a justice, accusation, an accusation, dispute, a dispute

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also denote the outcome of a judgment, such as condemnation or justice. In some contexts, it refers to a dispute or accusation. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word κρίσις (krisis) comes from the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It refers to the act or result of judging.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sa-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem), which refers to the city of Jerusalem. It is a significant city in the Bible, often mentioned as the capital of Judea and the location of the Temple. It is used to denote the geographical city.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of ancient Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound of two elements, 'yara' (to found) and 'shalem' (peace or a deity's name).

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sa-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem), which refers to the city of Jerusalem. It is a proper noun used to denote the ancient capital city of Judea, significant in Jewish and Christian traditions. It is typically used as the name of the city itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ἱερουσαλήμ is of Hebrew origin, from יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim). It is believed to mean 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G3503

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: neh-OH-mah-tah

Translations: new ground, fallow ground, fresh ground, new things, innovations

Notes: This word refers to ground that has been recently tilled or broken up for the first time, often called fallow ground or new ground. Metaphorically, it can refer to new beginnings or innovations. It is used in contexts where a fresh start or a change in approach is being emphasized, particularly in agricultural metaphors related to preparing the soil for planting.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-KAN-thais

Translations: thorns, thistles, prickles

Notes: This word refers to thorns, thistles, or any prickly plant. It is often used metaphorically to describe difficulties, troubles, or things that hinder growth or progress, much like thorns can choke out good plants. It can also refer to the sharp points or spines themselves.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΛΟΙ, ΣΚΟΛΟΠΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΑΝΘΑ' (akantha) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb 'ακίζω' (akizo), meaning 'to sharpen'.

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-tmee-THEH-tai

Translations: let him be circumcised, he must be circumcised, it must be circumcised

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'peritemnō', meaning 'to circumcise'. It is used to express a command or necessity for someone or something to undergo circumcision. It often appears in contexts related to religious or ritualistic practices, particularly in discussions of the Mosaic Law.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'peri' (around) and the verb 'temnō' (to cut). Thus, literally 'to cut around'.

G4014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EL-es-theh

Translations: take away, remove, put away, take off, cast off, cut off, take around

Notes: This word means to take away, remove, or put away something from around oneself or from a place. It can also mean to take off or cast off, as in clothing or burdens. In a broader sense, it implies a complete removal or separation. It is a compound word formed from περί (peri, meaning 'around') and αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take').

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative Mood, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-teh-MES-thai

Translations: to be circumcised, to circumcise oneself

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'περιτέμνω' (peritemno), meaning 'to cut around' or 'to circumcise'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often expressing purpose, result, or the subject/object of another verb. In the middle voice, it implies the subject performs the action on themselves or for their own benefit, hence 'to circumcise oneself'. In the passive voice, it means the subject receives the action, 'to be circumcised'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-teh-MEH-sthai

Translations: to be circumcised, to circumcise oneself

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (around) and 'τέμνω' (to cut). It means to cut around, specifically referring to the act of circumcision. In the New Testament, it is often used in a literal sense regarding the Jewish practice of circumcision, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to a spiritual cutting away of sin or the old self.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΕΜΝΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περί (peri, “around”) + τέμνω (temnō, “to cut”).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4641

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sklay-roh-kar-DEE-an

Translations: hardness of heart, a hardness of heart

Notes: This word refers to a state of spiritual insensitivity or obstinacy, particularly in the face of divine truth or commands. It describes a stubborn refusal to understand or respond to God's will, often implying a moral or spiritual dullness. It is typically used in the accusative case when it is the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'hardness of heart' as the thing being acted upon or described.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΥΝΩ

G4641

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sklay-roh-kar-DEE-an

Translations: hardness of heart, a hardness of heart, stubbornness, obstinacy

Notes: This is a compound noun meaning 'hardness of heart' or 'stubbornness'. It refers to a state of spiritual insensitivity or resistance to God's will and truth. It describes a person who is unyielding, unrepentant, and unwilling to listen or change, often used in a negative sense regarding spiritual or moral obduracy.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: σκληρός (sklēros), meaning 'hard' or 'harsh', and καρδία (kardia), meaning 'heart'. It literally means 'hard-heartedness'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2730

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-KOON-tes

Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, residing, living, those who dwell, those who inhabit, those who reside, those who live

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes someone or something that is currently dwelling or residing in a place. When used as a noun, it refers to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a particular area. It is often used to describe people living in a specific region or on the earth.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thay

Translations: go out, come out, depart, exit, proceed

Notes: This word describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state to another. It can refer to physical departure, but also to something emerging or proceeding from a source, such as a word or a spirit. It is often used in contexts of leaving a location or a group.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to come out' or 'to go out'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THOO-mos

Translations: passion, anger, rage, wrath, indignation, a passion, a rage

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense, emotional state. It can denote a passionate outburst, a fit of anger, or a deep-seated wrath or indignation. It is often used to describe a powerful emotional response, sometimes impulsive and volatile.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed primary word meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It refers to the soul as the seat of emotion, hence 'passion' or 'anger'.

G1572

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-kow-THEE-seh-teh

Translations: will be burned, will be inflamed, will be kindled, will be set on fire

Notes: This word describes something being intensely heated or set ablaze. It implies a process where something becomes inflamed or consumed by fire, often with a strong or complete effect. It is a compound word formed from 'εκ' (out, from) and 'καιω' (to burn).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΑΙΩ is derived from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΚΑΙΩ (kaiō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to kindle'. It signifies a complete or intense burning.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G4570

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sbeh-SOH

Translations: I will extinguish, I will quench, I will put out

Notes: This word is the future active indicative form of the verb 'σβέννυμι' (sbennymi), meaning 'to extinguish' or 'to quench'. It describes the action of putting out a fire, light, or flame, or metaphorically, suppressing something like a desire or a spirit. In the provided context, it refers to someone who would extinguish or put out a fire.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G0312

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nang-GEH-lah-teh

Translations: announce, declare, report, tell, proclaim, bring word, make known

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ανα' (again, up, back) and 'αγγελλω' (to announce, report). It means to announce, declare, or report something, often with the nuance of bringing back a message or making something known publicly. It is frequently used in the context of proclaiming news or a message.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ is derived from the preposition ΑΝΑ (ana), meaning 'up,' 'again,' or 'back,' and the verb ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angello), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' The combination suggests the action of bringing a message back or making something known publicly.

G191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koos-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be heard, let him hear, let her hear, let them hear

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Specifically, it is an aorist passive imperative, meaning it expresses a command or instruction for something to be heard or for someone to listen. It implies a command for an action to be completed, often translated as 'let it be heard' or 'let him/her/them hear/listen'. It is used to give a direct command or instruction.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular or Plural, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΤΩ, ΕΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΤΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- (to hear), related to English 'hear'.

G4591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: say-MAH-neh-tai

Translations: it is signified, it is indicated, it is shown, it is made known, it is announced, it is commanded

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, middle or passive voice form of the verb ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ (sēmainō). It means 'it is signified,' 'it is indicated,' or 'it is made known.' In the middle voice, it could imply that something signifies itself or is indicated for oneself. In the passive voice, it means that something is being signified or indicated by an external agent. It describes an action where a sign, meaning, or command is conveyed or becomes apparent.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΥΤΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-akh-THEE-teh

Translations: be gathered, be assembled, come together, gather together, assemble

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. It implies a coming together of people or things from different places into one location. It is often used in the imperative to command a group to convene or meet.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΕΤΕ

Etymology: The word συνάγω (synagō) is a compound of σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-el-THOH-men

Translations: let us enter, let us go in, let us come in

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, 'εἰσέρχομαι' means 'to go into', 'to come into', or 'to enter'. The form 'εἰσελθῶμεν' is a hortatory subjunctive, expressing an exhortation or suggestion for a group, hence 'let us enter'. It is used to encourage or propose an action for the speaker and others.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking up, having taken up, taking along, having taken along, receiving, having received, resuming, having resumed

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, masculine plural, nominative case of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω (analambanō). It means 'to take up,' 'to take along,' 'to receive,' or 'to resume.' As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or circumstance of the action. For example, it could describe a group of people who, having taken something up, then proceed to do something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναλαμβάνω (analambanō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive.' The combination suggests the action of taking something up or back.

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEV-geh-tai

Translations: flee, escape, run away, you flee, you escape, you run away

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to flee, escape, or run away. It is often used as an imperative, commanding a group of people to flee or escape from a situation or place. It can also describe the act of someone or something being avoided or shunned.

Inflection: Present, Imperative, Middle/Passive Voice, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΕΥΓΩ (pheugō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee, to run away'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G4622

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-OHN

Translations: Zion

Notes: Zion refers to a specific hill in Jerusalem, often used to denote the city of Jerusalem itself, especially its spiritual and theological significance as the dwelling place of God and the center of His people. It can also refer to the heavenly Jerusalem or the spiritual community of believers.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΥΣΑΛΗΜ

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin (צִיּוֹן, Tsiyyon), meaning 'fortification' or 'citadel'. It was originally the name of a Jebusite fortress in Jerusalem, which King David conquered and made his capital.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kah

Translations: evil things, bad things, evils, misfortunes, troubles, a bad thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As 'ΚΑΚΑ', it typically functions as a neuter plural noun or adjective, referring to 'evil things', 'bad things', 'misfortunes', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are morally wrong, harmful, or unpleasant. For example, it can be used to speak of calamities or wicked deeds.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΑ, ΦΑΥΛΑ, ΒΛΑΒΕΡΑ

G1863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ah-GO

Translations: to bring upon, to bring in, to lead on, to induce, to inflict

Notes: This verb means to bring something upon someone or something, often with the sense of bringing a consequence, a punishment, or a benefit. It can also mean to lead someone into a place or a state, or to induce an action. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, to) and the verb ΑΓΩ (to lead, to bring).

Inflection: First person singular, present active indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΕΡΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΓΩ is derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. This etymology reflects its core meaning of bringing something to or upon a subject.

G4938

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-tree-BEEHN

Translations: destruction, a destruction, ruin, a ruin, breaking, a breaking, affliction, an affliction

Notes: This word refers to a breaking, crushing, or shattering, often implying destruction or ruin. It can also denote a state of affliction or distress, as if one is 'broken' by circumstances. It is used to describe physical destruction, like a ship being broken apart, or metaphorical destruction, such as the ruin of a house or the breaking of one's spirit through suffering.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΟΦΗ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee

Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed

Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee

Translations: he went up, he ascended, he came up, he rose

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΑΝΕΒΗ, which is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō). It means 'he went up,' 'he ascended,' or 'he came up.' It describes an action of moving upwards, whether physically ascending a place, rising from a state, or appearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up') and βαίνω (baínō, 'to go, step').

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EE-ren

Translations: he took out, he took away, he removed, he rescued, he delivered

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ἐξαίρω' (exairō), meaning 'to take out, to remove, to rescue, or to deliver'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. It is often used in contexts of removing something undesirable or rescuing someone from danger.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΞΑΙΡΩ (exairō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (airō), meaning 'to lift, to take up, or to take away'.

G2365

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEE-neh

Translations: sand, a sand, heap of sand, shore, a shore

Notes: This word refers to sand, a heap of sand, or a sandy shore. It is often used to describe a large quantity of something, like 'sand of the sea' to denote innumerable things. It can also refer to the edge of the land where it meets the water.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΜΜΟΣ, ΨΑΜΜΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to words describing heaps or piles.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kath-eh-reh-THEH-son-teh

Translations: they will be pulled down, they will be torn down, they will be overthrown, they will be destroyed

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'kathaireo', meaning 'to take down, pull down, destroy, or abolish'. In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people or things will be pulled down, torn down, overthrown, or destroyed in the future. It describes an action that will be done to the subject, rather than by the subject.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: From the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Together, they form the idea of 'taking down' or 'pulling down'.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-ther-eh-THEH-son-tai

Translations: they will be pulled down, they will be torn down, they will be destroyed, they will be overthrown, they will be cast down, they will be abolished, they will be deposed

Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action that will happen to a group of subjects in the future. It means 'they will be pulled down' or 'they will be destroyed'. It is used to describe the future passive action of something being brought down, demolished, or removed from power or existence. For example, it could refer to buildings being torn down, or authorities being overthrown.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2042

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-reh-THEE-son-tai

Translations: they will be provoked, they will be irritated, they will be stirred up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἐρεθίζω (erethizō, meaning 'to provoke' or 'to stir up'). The word means 'they will be provoked' or 'they will be stirred up against'. It describes an action where a group of people will be incited to anger or opposition by an external force.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΠΡΟΚΑΛΕΣΟΝΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TAS

Translations: them, these, those, her, it, the same

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' (intensive), 'he, she, it, they' (personal pronoun, often emphatic), or 'the same' (demonstrative). In this specific inflected form, it is the accusative plural feminine, meaning it refers to multiple feminine objects or persons as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can be translated as 'them' (feminine), 'these' (feminine), or 'those' (feminine).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G4024

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-ZOH-sas-theh

Translations: gird yourselves, prepare yourselves, put on a belt, put on sackcloth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gird oneself' or 'to put on a belt'. In ancient times, people wore long robes, and to prepare for action (like running, working, or fighting), they would 'gird' themselves by tucking up their robes and securing them with a belt. It can also metaphorically mean to prepare oneself for a task or a spiritual battle. In some contexts, it can refer to putting on sackcloth as a sign of mourning or repentance.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ

G2875

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KOP-tes-thai

Translations: to cut, to strike, to lament, to mourn, to be cut, to be struck, to strike oneself, to beat one's breast, to lament, to mourn

Notes: This word is the present middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'κόπτω'. In the active voice, it means 'to cut' or 'to strike'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to strike oneself' or 'to beat one's breast', which is a common gesture of grief, thus leading to the meaning 'to lament' or 'to mourn'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be cut' or 'to be struck'. It describes an action of striking or cutting, or the resulting state of being struck or lamenting.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ

G249

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-lah-LAK-sah-teh

Translations: cry aloud, shout, wail, lament, utter a war-cry, shout for joy

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to cry aloud, shout, or wail. It can be used in various contexts, from expressing grief or lamentation to uttering a war-cry or shouting for joy. It often implies a loud, emotional, or intense vocalization.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ, ΟΛΟΛΥΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀλαλάζω (alalazō) is an onomatopoeic word, meaning it imitates the sound it describes. It is derived from the cry 'ἀλαλαί' (alalái), which was a war-cry or a shout of joy or lament.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pes-TRA-fee

Translations: turned, was turned, returned, was returned, turned back, was turned back

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to turn around'. In this specific form, it indicates an action that happened in the past, often implying a turning back or a return. It can be used to describe someone or something changing direction, either literally or figuratively, such as turning away from sin or returning to a previous state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since

Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEI-tai

Translations: will perish, will be destroyed, will be lost, will be ruined

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or variant of 'ἀπολεῖται' (apoleitai), which is the future tense, middle or passive voice, third person singular form of the verb 'ἀπόλλυμι' (apollymi). It means 'to perish,' 'to be destroyed,' or 'to be lost.' In a sentence, it describes something or someone undergoing destruction, ruin, or loss in the future.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: OLOTHREUO, EXOLETHREUO

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2776

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAH-rah

Translations: head, a head, top, summit, chief, ruler, source, origin

Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body, but it can also be used metaphorically to denote the top or summit of something, or a person in a position of authority, such as a chief or ruler. It can also signify the source or origin of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kerh₂-, meaning 'head, top'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to the head or a high point.

G1839

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-STEE-son-tai

Translations: they will be amazed, they will be astonished, they will be beside themselves, they will be out of their mind

Notes: This word is the third person plural future indicative active form of the verb ΕΞΙΣΤΗΜΙ (existēmi). It describes a state of being 'out of oneself' or 'beside oneself,' often due to astonishment, amazement, or even mental derangement. In this form, it indicates that a group of people will experience such a state in the future. It can be used to describe a powerful emotional or mental reaction to something extraordinary or unexpected.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΕΚΠΛΑΓΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thav-MA-son-teh

Translations: will marvel, will wonder, will be amazed, will be astonished

Notes: This word is a future active participle, indicating an action that will happen in the future. It describes someone who will marvel, wonder, or be amazed at something. It can function adjectivally or substantively, meaning it can describe a noun or act as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who will marvel').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Future Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΕΚΘΑΜΒΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ comes from the noun ΘΑΥΜΑ (THAUMA), meaning 'a wonder' or 'a marvel'. It describes the state of being filled with wonder or astonishment.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tai

Translations: prophets, (to) prophets, (of) prophets

Notes: This word refers to individuals who speak on behalf of God or a deity, often foretelling future events or delivering divine messages. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΑΙ' is the plural form, which can function as nominative (the subject of a sentence), dative (indicating to whom or for whom something is done), or vocative (used for direct address).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks before' or 'one who speaks for' (another).

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thav-MAH-son-tai

Translations: they will wonder, they will marvel, they will be amazed

Notes: This word means to wonder, marvel, or be amazed. It describes a strong emotional reaction to something surprising, impressive, or extraordinary. It is often used to express astonishment or admiration, and can be followed by a preposition indicating the object of wonder.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΜΒΕΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ comes from the Greek word θαῦμα (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel, a spectacle'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pah

Translations: I said, I spoke

Notes: This is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action of speaking or saying something in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I said to them' or 'I spoke the word'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb λέγω (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, recount, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to say' or 'to speak', often implying a reasoned or deliberate utterance.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1203

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DES-po-tah

Translations: O Master, O Lord, O Sovereign

Notes: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΑ is a Koine Greek noun meaning 'master' or 'lord'. It is used as a respectful form of direct address, particularly when speaking to God or a powerful ruler, emphasizing their authority and ownership over others.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ is a compound word derived from the Greek words δόμος (domos), meaning 'house', and πόσις (posis), meaning 'husband' or 'master'. Thus, it originally referred to the 'master of the house'.

G0686

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: A-RA

Translations: then, therefore, consequently, so, perhaps, indeed, really, surely

Notes: This word is a particle used to introduce a question, an inference, or to emphasize a statement. It can indicate a logical consequence, meaning 'therefore' or 'so'. It can also be used in questions to imply an expectation or to express surprise, sometimes translated as 'then' or 'surely'. Its precise meaning often depends on the context and the type of sentence it appears in.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΔΗ

Etymology: This particle is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It is a primary particle in Koine Greek.

G538

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pah-TAH-oh

Translations: deceive, cheat, mislead, beguile

Notes: This word is the first person singular present active indicative form of the verb ἀπατάω (apatáō), meaning 'to deceive' or 'to mislead'. It describes the act of intentionally causing someone to believe something that is not true, often through trickery or false appearances. It can also be interpreted as the third person singular present active imperative, meaning 'let him/her/it deceive'.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative (I deceive) OR Third Person Singular, Present, Active, Imperative (Let him/her/it deceive)

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπατάω (apatáō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to cause to stumble' or 'to trip up'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the proper noun 'Jerusalem'. It refers to the ancient city in the Middle East, which is highly significant in religious texts. As a proper noun, it functions as the name of a specific place.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a proper noun, but the full form Ἱερουσαλήμ can be indeclinable or inflect in various cases)

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is an ancient name with roots in the Canaanite language, predating the Israelite settlement.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, quietness, rest, harmony

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can describe a cessation of war, a state of quietness, or a harmonious relationship between individuals or groups. It is a common word used in various contexts to denote well-being and absence of conflict.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-noh

Translations: (to) that, (to) those

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'those'. It is used to point out something or someone at a distance, or something previously mentioned. In this dative form, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument, often translated with 'to' or 'for' or simply as 'that' when modifying a dative noun, as in 'in that time'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: (to) that, (for) that, that (one)

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something or someone distant in time or space from the speaker. It is used to point out a specific person or thing, often in contrast to something closer or more immediate. In this dative singular form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: Spirit, a spirit, wind, breath

Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (pneuma). It refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In theological contexts, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a human spirit, a demonic spirit, or simply the physical breath or a gust of wind. It is used to describe an invisible, powerful force or essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G2049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-reh-MOH

Translations: to make desolate, to lay waste, to destroy, to devastate, to leave desolate

Notes: This verb means to make something desolate, to lay it waste, or to destroy it. It describes the act of causing a place or thing to become empty, deserted, or ruined. It can be used to describe the destruction of cities, lands, or even the desolation of a person's life or spirit.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, desert'. The verb form means to make something desolate.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no, neither, nor

Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning 'not' or 'no'. The apostrophe (coronis) indicates an elision, meaning a final vowel has been dropped. The full form is typically 'οὐ' (ou) before a consonant, 'οὐκ' (ouk) before a vowel with a smooth breathing, and 'οὐχ' (ouch) before a vowel with a rough breathing. It is used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating a factual negation. For example, 'οὐκ ἔστιν' means 'it is not'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (particle)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ud- (not, out).

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-RON

Translations: clean, pure, innocent, a clean thing, a pure thing

Notes: This word describes something that is free from dirt, defilement, or moral impurity. It can refer to physical cleanliness, ritual purity, or moral blamelessness. It is often used to describe things that are unmixed or unadulterated. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating its state of purity or cleanliness.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb καθαίρω (kathairō), meaning 'to cleanse' or 'to purify'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'οὐ' (not) and the enclitic particle 'δέ' (but, and). The apostrophe indicates an elision, meaning the final vowel of 'οὐδέ' has been dropped before a word starting with a vowel. It functions to negate a preceding statement or to introduce an additional negative element, often translated as 'and not', 'neither', or 'nor'. It can also emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (particle/conjunction), but the final vowel is elided before a word beginning with a vowel.

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ, ΟΥΤΕ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOH

Translations: I speak, I say, I talk, I tell

Notes: This verb means to speak, say, or talk. It can refer to uttering sounds, expressing thoughts, or communicating information. It is often used in the context of public speaking, teaching, or giving a message. It can also refer to the act of making a sound, even by animals or inanimate objects.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an onomatopoeic word, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-bee-SEH-tai

Translations: he will go up, she will go up, it will go up, he will ascend, she will ascend, it will ascend, he will come up, she will come up, it will come up

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'anabaino', meaning 'to go up', 'to ascend', or 'to come up'. It describes an action of moving upwards or to a higher place that will occur in the future. It can refer to physical ascent, like climbing a mountain, or metaphorical ascent, like rising in status. It is often used in contexts of movement towards a specific destination or a higher position.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive (deponent), Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ANERCHOMAI, ANABIBADZO

Etymology: The word 'anabaino' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ana' (meaning 'up' or 'upwards') and the verb 'baino' (meaning 'to go' or 'to step').

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-ta-GAYSS

Translations: you bring down, you bring back, you lead down, you lead back, you land, you put in, you bring ashore, you bring home

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'κατάγω' (katago), meaning 'to bring down' or 'to lead down'. It can refer to bringing someone or something from a higher place to a lower one, or more specifically, bringing a ship to land or putting into port. It can also mean to bring someone back or home.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2635

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-teh-GEES

Translations: storm, a storm, tempest, a tempest, whirlwind, a whirlwind

Notes: This word refers to a violent storm, a tempest, or a whirlwind. It describes a sudden and destructive atmospheric disturbance, often used metaphorically to describe a tumultuous event or period of distress. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΕΛΛΑ, ΛΑΙΛΑΨ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΓΙΣ (katagis) is derived from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the root of the verb ΑΓΝΥΜΙ (agnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to shatter'. Thus, it literally means 'that which breaks down' or 'that which shatters', referring to the destructive force of a storm.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOO

Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself, (to) him, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) itself

Notes: The word "ΑΥΤΩΟΥ" appears to be a misspelling or scribal error for "ΑΥΤΟΥ". "ΑΥΤΟΥ" is a form of the pronoun "ΑΥΤΟΣ" (autos), meaning "himself, herself, itself, themself" or "the same." In the genitive case, it translates to "of him," "of it," "his," or "its." In the dative case, it translates to "to him," "to it," "for him," or "for it." It can be used to emphasize the subject or object, or to indicate possession or indirect object.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is a fundamental pronoun in Koine Greek, used extensively to refer back to a previously mentioned noun or to emphasize identity.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-lie-poh-ROO-men

Translations: we are distressed, we are afflicted, we are miserable, we are suffering hardship

Notes: This word describes a state of being distressed, afflicted, or suffering hardship. It implies enduring toil and difficulty, often with a sense of weariness or misery. It is used to express a condition of being worn out by troubles or labor.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΑΙ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΤΑΛΑΣ (talas), meaning 'wretched' or 'miserable', and ΠΩΡΟΣ (pōros), meaning 'callus' or 'hardship'. It literally means 'to be worn out by hardship' or 'to suffer misery'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-lah-ee-po-ROO-men

Translations: we are distressed, we are afflicted, we are miserable, we are suffering, we are toiling, we are struggling

Notes: This word describes a state of being distressed, afflicted, or miserable, often due to hardship, toil, or suffering. It implies a struggle against difficult circumstances or a feeling of being worn out by troubles. It is used to express a condition of enduring hardship or being in a state of misery.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΥΧΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ

G2549

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-KEE-as

Translations: (of) evil, (of) malice, (of) wickedness, (of) depravity, evil, an evil, malice, a malice, wickedness, a wickedness, depravity, a depravity

Notes: This word refers to the inherent badness, wickedness, or depravity of character. It can also denote malice or ill-will towards others. It is often used in contexts describing moral corruption or harmful actions stemming from a bad disposition.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΙΑ (kakia) comes from the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It refers to the state or quality of being bad.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-kho-sin

Translations: they are, they exist, they possess, they have, they belong, they are present

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to be present'. It can also mean 'to possess' or 'to have', indicating a state of being or ownership. It is often used to describe something that truly is or genuinely exists, or to denote a pre-existing condition or state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupo, “under”) + ἄρχω (archō, “to begin, to rule”). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be originally'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G3053

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOI

Translations: thoughts, reasonings, calculations, imaginations, considerations, plans

Notes: This word refers to inner thoughts, reasonings, or calculations that occur in the mind. It can encompass a wide range of mental activities, from logical deductions and plans to inner reflections and even evil imaginations, depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΕΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'λογισμός' (logismos) is derived from the verb 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, calculate, consider'. This verb, in turn, comes from 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word, reason, account'.

G3053

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOY

Translations: thoughts, reasonings, calculations, considerations, imaginations, purposes

Notes: This word refers to inner thoughts, reasonings, or calculations. It can describe the process of thinking or the results of that process, often implying a deliberate consideration or a purpose formed in the mind. It can carry a neutral, positive, or negative connotation depending on the context, referring to good or evil thoughts.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΕΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ (logismos) is derived from the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, calculate, consider'. It is related to λόγος (logos), which means 'word, reason, account'.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G0312

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-GEL-lon-tos

Translations: (of) announcing, (of) reporting, (of) declaring, (of) telling

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present active participle of the verb 'anagello'. It describes an ongoing action of announcing, reporting, or declaring. It functions adjectivally or substantively, often indicating the one who is doing the announcing or reporting, or the act itself in a genitive construction.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koo-sthee-SEH-teh

Translations: you will be heard, you will hear, you will be listened to

Notes: This word is a verb in the future passive indicative tense. It means 'you (plural) will be heard' or 'you (plural) will be listened to'. In some contexts, especially in Koine Greek, the passive voice can sometimes carry a middle voice sense, implying 'you (plural) will hear' or 'you (plural) will listen' (to yourselves or for yourselves), though the primary meaning is passive. It describes an action that will happen to the subject in the future.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: AKOUO, AKROAOMAI, PROSAKOUO

G3557

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-nos

Translations: toil, labor, pain, suffering, distress, a toil, a labor, a pain, a suffering, a distress

Notes: This word refers to physical exertion, hard work, or the effort involved in an activity. It can also denote the resulting pain, suffering, or distress that comes from such labor or from a difficult situation. It is often used in contexts describing the hardships or afflictions one might endure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ

Etymology: From the root *pen-, meaning 'to toil, labor'. It is related to the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to work hard, suffer'.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G2181

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EF-rem

Translations: Ephraim, of Ephraim

Notes: Ephraim is a proper noun, referring to one of the twelve tribes of Israel, descended from Joseph's son Ephraim. It can also refer to the territory occupied by this tribe or the northern kingdom of Israel, as Ephraim was the dominant tribe within it. The apostrophe at the end (keraia) indicates that the word is being used as a numeral, representing the number 5, but in this context, it is clearly a proper noun and the apostrophe likely indicates a genitive case or an elision, though it's most commonly seen as a genitive marker in this usage.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive

Etymology: The name Ephraim is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'. It is derived from the Hebrew verb 'parah' (to be fruitful).

G4966

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sys-tro-FEH

Translations: a gathering, a conspiracy, a riotous assembly, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often with a negative connotation, implying a tumultuous crowd, a riotous mob, or a conspiracy. It describes a situation where people are 'turned together' or 'rolled up together' for a common purpose, which can be illicit or disorderly. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'στροφή' (a turning, a twisting).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΣΥΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΣΤΡΟΦΗ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the noun ΣΤΡΟΦΗ (strophe), meaning 'a turning' or 'a twisting.' It literally means 'a turning together' or 'a twisting together,' which evolved to describe a gathering or conspiracy.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-khon-tai

Translations: they come, they go, they are coming, they are going

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used to describe the action of multiple subjects moving towards or away from a place. It can refer to a physical movement or a metaphorical arrival or departure.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΙΝ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek, used to express movement.

G3113

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-kro-THEN

Translations: from afar, from a distance, far off

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating distance, meaning 'from afar' or 'from a distance'. It describes an action or state that originates from a distant point or occurs at a significant remove. It can be used to describe someone seeing something from far away, or an event happening at a distance.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΤΗΛΕ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΜΑΚΡΟΣ (makros), meaning 'long' or 'far'. The suffix -θεν indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-doh-kahn

Translations: they gave, they did give, they granted, they delivered

Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, specifically the aorist active indicative, meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving, granting, or delivering that was completed in the past by a group of people. It is often used to describe a straightforward act of bestowing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΩΚΑΝ, ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, indicating a continuous or repeated action in its present forms, though here it is in the aorist, which focuses on the completed action.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-LAS-son-tes

Translations: keeping, guarding, observing, watching, preserving, a keeper, a guard

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'keeping' or 'guarding'. It describes an ongoing action of protecting, watching over, or adhering to something. It can be used to describe someone who is actively engaged in the act of guarding or observing, or someone who is preserving a custom or law. It often functions adjectivally, describing the subject performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G2039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-TEE-dehv-mah-tah

Translations: practices, deeds, customs, pursuits, habits, a practice, a deed, a custom, a pursuit, a habit

Notes: This word refers to practices, customs, or pursuits, often implying a habitual way of acting or a chosen course of life. It can describe a person's characteristic actions or the established customs of a group. It is a compound word derived from 'ἐπιτηδεύω' (epitēdeuo), meaning 'to pursue' or 'to practice'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΝΟΜΙΜΑ

G4089

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PIK-rah

Translations: bitter, bitterness, a bitter thing, a bitter experience

Notes: This word describes something that is bitter, either literally in taste or figuratively in an emotional or experiential sense. It can refer to a bitter taste, a bitter feeling like grief or resentment, or a bitter experience or outcome. It is often used to describe something harsh, severe, or unpleasant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΚΡΟΝ, ΠΙΚΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word "ΠΙΚΡΑ" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peik-, meaning 'to cut, to prick', which evolved to describe a sharp or pungent taste.

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AL-goh

Translations: to grieve, to be in pain, to suffer, to ache, to feel pain

Notes: This verb describes the experience of physical or emotional pain, grief, or suffering. It can be used to express a general state of distress or a specific feeling of aching.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΑΩ, ΠΑΘΩ, ΛΥΠΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'αλγέω' (algéō) from which 'αλγώ' (algō) is derived, comes from the ancient Greek word 'ἄλγος' (álgos), meaning 'pain, grief, distress'.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G4682

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: spa-RAS-seh-tai

Translations: is torn, is rent, is convulsed, is thrown into convulsions

Notes: This word describes something being violently torn, rent, or convulsed. It is used to express a state of being violently agitated or distressed, often referring to physical or emotional turmoil. As a passive form, it indicates that the subject is receiving the action, meaning it is being torn or convulsed by something else.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΠΑΡΑΤΤΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G2896

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: krow-GAYN

Translations: cry, a cry, outcry, a shout, shouting

Notes: This word refers to a loud vocal expression, such as a cry, shout, or outcry. It can denote a sound of distress, a call for help, or a general loud noise made by a person or group. It is often used in contexts where a strong emotional or urgent vocalization is being made.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΗ, ΦΩΝΗ, ΚΡΑΥΓΑΣΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΥΓΗ (kraugē) is derived from the verb κράζω (krazō), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shriek'. It refers to the act or sound of crying out.

G5004

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-lai-po-REE-an

Translations: misery, distress, affliction, hardship, a misery, a distress, an affliction, a hardship

Notes: This word refers to a state of misery, distress, or affliction. It describes a condition of suffering or hardship. It is often used to convey a sense of deep trouble or difficulty.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣΙΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the adjective ταλαίπωρος (talaipōros), meaning 'wretched' or 'suffering', which is a compound of τάλαν (talan, 'suffering, enduring') and πῶρος (pōros, 'callus, hard skin', metaphorically 'hardship'). Thus, it literally means 'enduring hardship'.

G4938

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-TREE-moh

Translations: crushing, destruction, ruin, brokenness, a crushing, a destruction, a ruin, a brokenness

Notes: This word refers to the act or result of crushing, breaking, or shattering something. It can denote physical destruction, ruin, or a state of brokenness, often implying a severe and complete breaking. It is typically used to describe the state of something that has been utterly shattered or destroyed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word σύντριμμα (syntrimma) is derived from the verb συντρίβω (syntribō), meaning 'to crush together, to break in pieces'. It is formed with the prefix σύν- (syn-), meaning 'with, together', and the root τριβ- (trib-), related to 'rub, wear away, break'.

G1941

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-kah-LEE-tah-ee

Translations: calls upon, invokes, appeals to, is called, is named

Notes: This word is a misspelling or variant of the Koine Greek verb "ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΙΤΑΙ" (epikaleitai). The correct form means "he/she/it calls upon," "invokes," or "appeals to." It can also be used in the passive voice to mean "is called" or "is named." It describes the act of addressing someone or something, often for help or identification.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: te-ta-le-PO-ree-ken

Translations: has suffered, has been afflicted, has been distressed, has been miserable, has been wretched

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ταλαιπωρέω' (talaipōreō). It describes a state of having suffered, been afflicted, or become miserable. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, emphasizing the enduring state of distress or wretchedness. The form 'τεταλεπώρηκεν' is a common misspelling or variant of 'τεταλαιπώρηκεν' found in some manuscripts.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΑΚΩΚΕΝ, ΠΕΠΟΝΘΕΝ, ΕΘΛΙΨΕΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-tah-lai-POH-ray-ken

Translations: has suffered, has been distressed, has been afflicted, has been miserable, has been wretched

Notes: This word describes a state of having suffered, been distressed, or endured hardship. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, meaning someone or something has become miserable or wretched and remains in that state. It is often used to describe the condition of a person or a place that has undergone significant difficulty or affliction.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ, ΠΑΣΧΩ

G0869

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AF-noh

Translations: suddenly, unexpectedly, all at once

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'suddenly' or 'unexpectedly'. It is used to describe an action that happens without warning or preparation, often implying a quick or abrupt occurrence. It can modify verbs to indicate the manner in which an action takes place.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an adverbial formation from an obsolete adjective related to 'unseen' or 'unlooked for'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-tah-lai-po-REH-keh

Translations: has suffered, has been distressed, has been miserable, has been afflicted

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ταλαιπωρέω'. It describes a state of having suffered, been distressed, or been miserable. The prefix 'τε-' indicates the perfect tense, signifying a completed action with ongoing results. The provided examples show that the word is often misspelled in manuscripts as 'τεταλεπωρηκε' instead of the correct 'τεταλαιπωρηκε'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΠΑΣΧΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-tah-lai-POH-ree-keh

Translations: has suffered, has been afflicted, has been distressed, has been miserable, has been wretched

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'talaiporeo'. It describes a state of having suffered, been afflicted, or been distressed, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It implies a condition of misery or wretchedness that has come about and continues.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΝΘΕ, ΕΘΛΙΨΕ

Etymology: The verb ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ (talaiporeo) is derived from the adjective ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΣ (talaiporos), meaning 'wretched' or 'miserable'. This adjective is a compound of ΤΑΛΑΣ (talas), meaning 'suffering' or 'wretched', and ΠΩΡΟΣ (poros), meaning 'callus' or 'hardship', literally referring to 'enduring hardship'.

G4636

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: skay-NAY

Translations: tent, a tent, tabernacle, a tabernacle, dwelling, a dwelling, booth, a booth

Notes: This word refers to a temporary dwelling or shelter, such as a tent or a booth. It can also refer to a more permanent, sacred structure like the Tabernacle in the Old Testament. It is used to describe a place of habitation, whether literal or figurative.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word "skēnē" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb "skēnoō" (to dwell in a tent).

G1288

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-es-PAS-thay-san

Translations: they were torn apart, they were scattered, they were broken up

Notes: This word describes something being torn apart, scattered, or broken up, often with violence or force. It is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to tear'. It is used to indicate a complete separation or destruction of something into pieces.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ (diaspaō) is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to tear'. It signifies the action of pulling something apart or tearing it asunder.

G1396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEH-ris

Translations: strife, contention, envy, a strife, a contention, an envy

Notes: This word refers to a state of conflict, dispute, or rivalry. It describes a situation where there is strong disagreement or competition, often leading to quarrels or discord among people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΦΙΛΟΝΕΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΔΕΡΙΣ' is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'δέρειν' (derein), meaning 'to flay' or 'to beat', suggesting a connection to violent conflict or tearing apart.

G5343

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: FEV-gon-tas

Translations: fleeing, running away, escaping, fugitives, those fleeing

Notes: ΦΕΥΓΟΝΤΑΣ is a present active participle derived from the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ, which means 'to flee,' 'to escape,' or 'to run away.' It describes someone who is actively in the process of fleeing or escaping. When used substantively, it refers to 'those who are fleeing' or 'fugitives.' It can function as a noun, referring to a group of people who are in flight.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative Plural; or Masculine, Nominative Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΡΑΠΕΤΑΙ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-KOO-ohn

Translations: hearing, listening, one who hears, one who listens

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'akouō', meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of hearing or listening. It can be translated as 'hearing' (as an action) or 'one who hears' (referring to the person). It describes an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩΝ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂kowh₂- 'to hear'.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-goo-MEH-noy

Translations: leading, guiding, ruling, considering, thinking, regarding, believing, supposing, being a leader, being a chief

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling of ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ (HEGOUMENOI), which is the present middle/passive participle, nominative/vocative masculine plural of the verb ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ (HEGEOMAI). The verb ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ means 'to lead, guide, rule, or consider/think'. In this form, it refers to 'those who are leading' or 'those who are considered/thought'. It can describe leaders, rulers, or people who are in a position of authority or influence. It can also refer to people who are thinking or considering something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Vocative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ

G2234

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-DEE-san

Translations: they made sweet, they sweetened, they made pleasant

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ηδύνω' (hedyno), meaning 'to make sweet' or 'to make pleasant'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, indicating that they caused something to become sweet or pleasant.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Etymology: The root 'ηδύς' (hedys) means 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. The verb 'ηδύνω' is derived from this adjective, indicating the act of making something sweet or pleasant.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-EG-noh-sa

Translations: I knew, I recognized, I understood, I learned, I perceived, I came to know, I became aware of

Notes: This word describes the act of coming to a full or accurate knowledge of something, often implying a deeper understanding or recognition after initial observation. It can refer to recognizing a person, understanding a truth, or becoming fully aware of a situation. It is a compound verb, combining 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, in addition) and 'ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ' (to know).

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΚΑΤΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ (ginosko), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know.' The prefix intensifies the meaning of knowing, suggesting a more complete or accurate knowledge.

G1914

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-BLEP-sah

Translations: I looked upon, I looked at, I regarded, I paid attention to, I had respect for, I considered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΒΛΕΠΩ (BLEPO), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. In its aorist form, ΕΠΕΒΛΕΨΑ signifies a completed action of looking upon, regarding, or paying attention to something or someone. It often implies a focused or intentional gaze, sometimes with a sense of care, respect, or consideration.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-then

Translations: nothing, no one, not anything, a nothing

Notes: This word means 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is an alternative form of 'οὐδέν' (ouden) and functions as a negative pronoun or adjective. It is used to express the complete absence or non-existence of something or someone. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'he has nothing' or 'there is no one'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΙΣ (oudeis) is a compound of ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and ΔΕΙΣ (deis, 'one', related to εἷς, heis). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: they saw, I saw, to see, having seen

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It can function as a third-person plural indicative ('they saw'), a first-person singular indicative ('I saw'), or, less commonly, as an infinitive or participle depending on the context, conveying the action of seeing or perceiving something in a completed past action. It is often used to introduce a new observation or event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural; or Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Aorist, Active, Infinitive; or Aorist, Active, Participle (Neuter Singular Nominative/Accusative)

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'εἶδον' (eidon) serves as the aorist form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see'. It is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G3588, G3739

Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HAY

Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

G5141

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: TREH-mon-tah

Translations: trembling, quaking, shaking, a trembling one, a quaking one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'trembling' or 'quaking'. It describes something or someone that is in a state of shaking or vibrating, often due to fear, cold, or instability. It can be used to describe mountains shaking, people trembling with fear, or anything that is in a state of agitation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΕΙΟΜΕΝΑ, ΦΟΒΟΥΜΕΝΑ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5015

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: tah-RAS-soh-meh-noos

Translations: troubled, disturbed, agitated, being troubled, being disturbed, being agitated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'tarassō', meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in a state of being troubled, disturbed, or agitated. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'those who are troubled' or 'the troubled ones'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΙΝΟΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ (tarassō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stir, to agitate'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of disturbance or confusion.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-thro-pos

Translations: human, man, person, a human, a man, a person

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (nomina sacra) for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, meaning 'human being' or 'man'. It refers to a person in general, without distinction of gender, or specifically to a male human. It can be used to refer to mankind collectively or to an individual. It is often used in contrast to God or animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: The etymology of ἄνθρωπος is uncertain, but it is thought to be a compound word. One theory suggests it comes from ἀνήρ (man) and ὤψ (face), meaning 'man-faced'. Another theory connects it to ἀνατρέπω (to turn up, to look up), suggesting 'one who looks upward'.

G4422

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-TOH-ee-toh

Translations: was terrified, was startled, was frightened, was dismayed, was agitated

Notes: This word describes a state of being terrified, startled, or agitated. It is used to convey a sudden and strong feeling of fear or dismay, often causing one to shrink back or be thrown into confusion. The form given is the imperfect middle/passive, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past, experienced by the subject.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΕΚΦΟΒΕΩ

G2806

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kar-MAY-los

Translations: Carmel

Notes: Carmel refers to a prominent mountain range in ancient Palestine, known for its fertility and beauty. It is often mentioned in biblical texts as a symbol of prosperity and a significant geographical landmark. It can also refer to a town located on the mountain.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word Καρμηλος (Karmelos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word כַּרְמֶל (Karmel), meaning 'garden-land' or 'fruitful land', reflecting the region's lush vegetation.

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-mos

Translations: desolate, desert, wilderness, solitary, a desert, a wilderness

Notes: This word describes something that is desolate, uninhabited, or solitary. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate its deserted nature. As a noun, it refers to a desert or wilderness area, a place that is empty or uncultivated. It is often used to describe uninhabited regions or places where people withdraw for solitude.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine; or Nominative/Accusative, Plural, Neuter (as a noun, 'desert places'); or Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Neuter (as a noun, 'a desert place'). It can also be used as an adjective with various inflections.

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word. It describes a place that is empty or uninhabited, often referring to a wilderness or desert.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS-eh

Translations: all, every, whole, a whole, every one, everyone

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' or 'whole.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can refer to 'all people,' 'every day,' or 'the whole house.' Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the noun it modifies and the context, but it generally conveys a sense of completeness or universality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every.' It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its ancient origin and widespread usage.

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-pep-yoo-RIS-me-ne

Translations: burned, set on fire, consumed by fire, inflamed

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'empyrizō', meaning 'to set on fire' or 'to burn up'. It describes something that has been completely burned or consumed by fire, or metaphorically, something that is inflamed or passionately affected. It indicates a completed action with lasting results.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word 'empyrizō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'en' (in, into) and the verb 'pyrizō' (to set on fire), which itself derives from 'pyr' (fire).

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THY-moo

Translations: (of) passion, (of) anger, (of) wrath, (of) indignation, (of) a passion, (of) an anger, (of) a wrath, (of) an indignation

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense and sudden, emotional outburst or passion. It can denote anger, wrath, or indignation, often with the implication of a boiling or surging emotion. It describes a powerful emotional state, sometimes referring to the seat of emotions or the soul itself.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to rush, to rage', referring to a strong, often violent, emotional state.

G0008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-fah-nis-THEY-san

Translations: they were made to disappear, they were destroyed, they vanished, they perished

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb aphanízō. It means to cause something to disappear, to destroy, or to make something vanish. In this form, it indicates that a group of subjects were themselves made to disappear or were destroyed, emphasizing the action being done to them rather than by them. It describes an event that happened in the past, completed at a specific point.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ

G4655

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soos-koh-TAH-seh-toh

Translations: let it be darkened, let it be made dark, let it become dark

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'σκοτάζω' (skotazo), meaning 'to darken' or 'to become dark'. Therefore, 'συσκοτάζω' means 'to darken completely' or 'to become utterly dark'. The form 'ΣΥΣΚΟΤΑΣΕΤΩ' is an imperative, commanding something to become dark or be darkened.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Imperative, Active

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ, ΣΚΟΤΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'συσκοτάζω' (syskotazo) is derived from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'σκοτάζω' (skotazo), meaning 'to darken' or 'to become dark'. The root 'σκοτάζω' itself comes from 'σκότος' (skotos), meaning 'darkness'.

G4656

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sys-ko-TA-sa-toh

Translations: let it be darkened together, let it be completely darkened, let it be utterly darkened

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'σκοτάζω' (skotazo), meaning 'to darken.' It implies a complete or collective darkening, often used in a figurative sense to describe a state of confusion, ignorance, or moral blindness. It is a command or wish for something to become thoroughly dark.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Imperative, Active

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ, ΣΚΟΤΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ (skotazo), meaning 'to darken.' ΣΚΟΤΑΖΩ itself derives from ΣΚΟΤΟΣ (skotos), meaning 'darkness.'

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-rah-NOS

Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky

Notes: This word refers to the 'heaven' or 'sky'. It can denote the physical sky above the earth, the dwelling place of God and the angels, or the spiritual realm. In the New Testament, it often refers to the abode of God and the blessed, or the celestial sphere. It is frequently used in the plural (heavens) to refer to the same concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to 'high' or 'covering'. It refers to the 'vault of heaven' as a covering.

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This adverb has a dual meaning depending on the context. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from a higher place'. Temporally or conceptually, it can mean 'again', 'anew', or 'from the beginning'. In some theological contexts, particularly in the Gospel of John, it carries the significant meaning of 'born from above' or 'born again', emphasizing a spiritual rebirth initiated by God. It can describe the origin of something (from above) or the repetition or renewal of an action (again/anew).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΑΛΑΙ, ΠΑΛΙΝ, ΕΞΑΡΧΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition ΑΝΩ (ANO), meaning 'up' or 'above', combined with the suffix -ΘΕΝ (-THEN), which indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G3340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-no-EH-soh

Translations: I will repent, I will change my mind, I will change my purpose

Notes: This word means to change one's mind, to feel remorse, or to repent. It implies a change of heart and a turning away from past actions or beliefs. It is often used in a religious context to signify a turning away from sin and towards God. In a sentence, it would be used as a future action, for example, 'I will repent of my sins.'

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ

G3729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ohr-MEH-sa

Translations: I rushed, I urged on, I set in motion, I started, I charged

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ὁρμάω' (hormaō), meaning 'to rush,' 'to urge on,' or 'to set in motion.' It describes a past action where the speaker initiated a rapid movement or impelled something forward. It can be used to describe a sudden, forceful movement or the act of starting something with vigor.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΧΩ, ΕΠΕΙΓΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G2462

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hip-PEH-ohs

Translations: of a horseman, of a rider, of a cavalryman, horseman, rider, cavalryman

Notes: This word refers to a person who rides a horse, such as a horseman, a rider, or a cavalryman. It is often used in a military context to denote a soldier who fights on horseback. In this specific form, it is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'of a horseman'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΠΠΕΥΣ, ΚΑΒΑΛΛΑΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word Ἱππεύς (Hippéus) comes from ἵππος (híppos), meaning 'horse'. It refers to someone associated with horses.

G1792

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-te-ta-MEH-noo

Translations: of stretched, of strained, of intense, of drawn tight

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'enteino'. It describes something that has been stretched, strained, or drawn tight, often implying intensity or readiness. It is used to modify a noun, indicating possession or a descriptive quality.

Inflection: Perfect Participle, Passive Voice, Singular, Genitive Case, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΠΙΤΕΤΑΜΕΝΟΥ

G0402

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ekh-OH-ray-san

Translations: they withdrew, they departed, they went away, they retired

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, 'up' or 'back') and 'χωρέω' (chōreō, 'to go' or 'to make room'). It means to withdraw, depart, or go away, often implying a movement away from a place or situation, sometimes for safety or privacy. It is commonly used to describe someone leaving a place or retreating.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ekh-OH-ray-sen

Translations: he withdrew, she withdrew, it withdrew, he departed, she departed, it departed, he retired, she retired, it retired

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, departing, or retiring from a place or situation. It implies a movement away, often for reasons of safety, privacy, or to avoid something. It is typically used to describe a person or group moving away from a location.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to go' or 'to make room'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room away from'.

G1524

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-eh-DY-san

Translations: they entered, they crept in, they slipped in, they stole in

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εις' (into) and the verb 'δύνω' (to enter, to sink). It means 'to enter into', 'to creep into', or 'to slip into', often implying a surreptitious or stealthy entry. It describes the action of moving into a place or situation, sometimes with the connotation of doing so unnoticed or by illicit means. It is used to describe a group of people performing this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΣΔΥΝΩ

G2928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ry-BEE-san

Translations: they were hidden, they hid themselves, they concealed themselves

Notes: This word describes an action where a group of people or things were hidden or concealed, often implying that they hid themselves. It is used to indicate that something or someone became unseen or was put out of sight, either by an external force or by their own action. It is a compound word, formed from the prefix 'εκ-' (ek-) meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'κρύπτω' (krypto) meaning 'to hide'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee-sahn

Translations: they went up, they ascended, they climbed

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist indicative form of the verb 'ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ', meaning 'to go up', 'to ascend', or 'to climb'. It describes an action of moving upwards, often in the context of physical elevation, such as going up a mountain, a building, or to a city like Jerusalem, which was considered geographically higher. It can also be used metaphorically for rising in status or appearing.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1459

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-ka-te-LEEF-thay

Translations: was forsaken, was left behind, was abandoned

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'egkataleipo', meaning 'to leave behind', 'to abandon', or 'to forsake'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being left or abandoned. It is often used in contexts of being deserted or left alone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ (egkataleipo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en, 'in' or 'among'), the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata, 'down' or 'against'), and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipo, 'to leave'). This combination emphasizes the act of leaving someone or something completely behind or in a state of abandonment.

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TOH-kee

Translations: I settled, they settled, to settle, to dwell, to inhabit

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'κατοικέω' (katoikeō), which means 'to settle down, to dwell, or to inhabit'. It describes the act of establishing residence or living in a place. The form 'ΚΑΤΩΚΙ' specifically appears to be an aorist active indicative form, likely third person singular or plural, indicating an action that occurred in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΕΝΟΙΚΕΩ

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TOH-kay

Translations: he dwelt, he inhabited, he lived, he settled

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes an action of dwelling or settling that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It is a compound word formed from 'kata' (down, completely) and 'oikeō' (to dwell).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΖΑΩ, ΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ (katoikeō) is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It signifies dwelling in a settled or permanent manner.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-BAH-lee

Translations: clothe, put on, wear, cast around, surround, encompass, throw around

Notes: This word means to put on clothing, to wear something, or to cast something around oneself or another. It can also mean to surround or encompass. It is often used in the context of dressing oneself or others, or of something being wrapped around or enclosing something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ΠΕΡΙ (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Thus, literally 'to throw around'.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kos-MAY-see

Translations: adornment, decoration, ornament, an adornment, a decoration, an ornament

Notes: This word refers to outward decoration, ornamentation, or embellishment. It can describe anything that adds beauty or order, such as clothing, jewelry, or even the arrangement of things. It is often used in contexts related to personal appearance or the beautification of objects.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΚΑΛΛΩΠΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΣΜΗΣΗ (kosmēsis) is derived from the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to adorn, to decorate', which itself comes from the noun κόσμος (kosmos), meaning 'order, arrangement, world, ornament'.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G5553

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khry-SOH

Translations: gold, a gold, (to) gold, (with) gold, (in) gold

Notes: This word refers to gold, the precious metal. It is often used to describe objects made of gold or to indicate the presence of gold. In the provided examples, it appears in the dative case, often with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in/with) or 'τῷ' (to/for/with), indicating the material or the means.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'χρυσός' (chrysos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of 'yellow' or 'golden' color.

G4714

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STEE-bee

Translations: antimony, stibium, kohl

Notes: This word refers to antimony, a metallic element, or more specifically, a cosmetic powder made from antimony sulfide, commonly known as kohl. It was used in ancient times, particularly by women, to darken the eyelids and eyebrows, enhancing the eyes. It is typically used as a direct object in sentences, often with verbs related to applying or anointing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word is of Egyptian origin, likely borrowed into Greek. It refers to the mineral antimony sulfide, which was used as a cosmetic.

G3150

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: mah-TAH-on

Translations: in vain, vainly, without cause, to no purpose

Notes: This word describes an action or effort that is useless, futile, or without any real purpose or effect. It indicates that something is done to no avail or without a valid reason, often implying a sense of emptiness or lack of substance in the outcome.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ)

Synonyms: ΚΕΝΩΣ, ΔΩΡΕΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ (mataios), from which ΜΑΤΕΟΝ is derived, comes from the root μάτη (matē), meaning 'folly' or 'error'. It describes something that is empty, useless, or without purpose, reflecting a sense of futility or lack of substance.

G3152

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mah-TAH-ee-on

Translations: vain, empty, useless, worthless, futile, a vain thing, an empty thing

Notes: This word describes something that is without substance, purpose, or value. It refers to things that are futile, ineffective, or morally empty. It can be used to describe actions, words, or even people that lack true significance or lasting benefit.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΣ, ΑΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ (mataios) is derived from the Greek root μάτη (matē), meaning 'folly, error, failure'. It describes something characterized by or leading to such a state.

G5611

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-ra-ee-SMOS

Translations: beauty, adornment, outward show, a beauty, an adornment

Notes: This word refers to outward beauty or adornment, often implying a superficial or external display rather than inner quality. It describes something that is made beautiful or attractive, typically in a decorative sense. It can be used in sentences to describe the act or result of beautifying or adorning something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΚΑΛΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὡραῖος (hōraios), meaning 'beautiful, timely, seasonable', which comes from ὥρα (hōra), meaning 'hour, season, time'. The suffix -ισμος (-ismos) indicates an action or result.

G0683

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-OH-san-toh

Translations: they thrust away, they rejected, they pushed away, they cast off, they put away

Notes: This word describes the action of pushing or thrusting something away, often with the implication of rejection or repudiation. It can be used to describe physically pushing something away, or metaphorically rejecting an idea, person, or responsibility. In this form, it indicates that a group of people performed this action upon themselves or for their own benefit (middle voice) or that they were the recipients of the action (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΩΘΕΩ is formed from the prefix ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'away from', and the verb ΩΘΕΩ (OTHEO), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. Thus, it literally means 'to push away from'.

G2037, G2038

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: eh-RAS-teh

Translations: lover, a lover, you (all) love, love (you all)

Notes: This word, 'ERASTE', can be interpreted in two primary ways in Koine Greek, depending on the original diacritics. It could be the vocative plural of the noun 'ἐραστής' (erastēs), meaning 'lover', used when addressing multiple lovers. Alternatively, it could be the second person plural present active imperative of the verb 'ἐράω' (eraō), meaning 'to love', used as a command for multiple people to love. The context of the sentence would determine the correct meaning.

Inflection: Vocative Plural (Noun) or Second Person Plural Present Active Imperative (Verb)

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ΑΓΑΠΑΩ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G5605

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oh-dee-NOO-ses

Translations: of one travailing, of one in labor, of one suffering birth pangs

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ōdinō', which means 'to travail' or 'to be in labor'. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it describes a female individual who is currently experiencing or has experienced the act of childbirth or intense suffering akin to birth pangs. It is often used metaphorically to describe intense pain, struggle, or the process of bringing something new into existence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΟΥΣΗΣ, ΓΕΝΝΩΣΗΣ

Etymology: The verb ὠδίνω (ōdinō) is derived from the noun ὠδίς (ōdis), meaning 'birth pang, travail, labor pain'.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-koo-sah

Translations: I heard, I did hear, I have heard

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'akouō', meaning 'to hear'. It describes a completed action of hearing in the past, specifically by the speaker ('I'). It is used to state that one has perceived something through sound, or has understood or paid attention to something. For example, 'I heard the voice' or 'I heard what you said'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G4416

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: PRO-toh-TOH-koo-sees

Translations: of one giving birth for the first time, of a firstborn, of a firstborn child, of a firstborn son, of a firstborn daughter

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'first' (πρῶτος) and 'to give birth' (τίκτω). It describes someone who is giving birth for the first time, or more generally, refers to the firstborn of a family or group. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Active, Present Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΓΕΝΟΥΣ

G1635

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-loo-THEH-seh-tai

Translations: will be faint, will be exhausted, will be disheartened, will be weakened, will be released

Notes: This word is a future passive form of the verb 'eklyo'. It describes a state of becoming faint, exhausted, or disheartened. It can also refer to being released or unloosed. It implies a loss of strength, energy, or courage, often due to hardship or weariness.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΜΝΩ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'eklyo' is a compound verb formed from 'ek' (out of, from) and 'lyo' (to loose, to release). Thus, it literally means 'to loose out' or 'to unloose', which extends to the sense of becoming unstrung, weak, or faint.

G3935

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EE-say

Translations: will let go, will relax, will neglect, will allow, will permit, will pass by

Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action that will happen in the future. It means to let go, relax, neglect, or allow something. It can also mean to pass by or disregard. In a physical sense, it can refer to relaxing or letting go of a grip, as in the example usage where it refers to hands being relaxed or weakened.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΑΩ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G3708

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OM-moy

Translations: eyes, (of) eyes, (to) eyes

Notes: This word refers to the 'eyes' or 'sight'. It is the plural form of ὄμμα (omma), which means 'eye'. Depending on the context, it can function as a nominative, accusative, or dative plural. It is commonly used to describe the physical organs of sight or, metaphorically, one's perception or understanding.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΦΘΑΛΜΟΙ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ὄπτομαι (optomai, 'to see').

G1631

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-LEE-po

Translations: to fail, to cease, to come to an end, to faint, to be wanting, to be exhausted, to be eclipsed

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or variant of ΕΚΛΙΠΕΙΝ (ekleipein), which is the aorist infinitive form of the verb ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ (ekleipo). The verb means 'to fail,' 'to cease,' 'to come to an end,' or 'to faint.' It can describe something that runs out, disappears, or loses strength. For example, one's strength might fail, or a supply might run out. It can also refer to an eclipse of the sun or moon.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive (likely a misspelling of ΕΚΛΙΠΕΙΝ)

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΠΑΥΩ

Etymology: From ΕΚ (ek, 'out of') and ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipo, 'to leave, to fail'). It literally means 'to leave out' or 'to fail from'.

G1631

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-LEI-pei

Translations: fails, is failing, fails utterly, is utterly failing, comes to an end, is coming to an end, ceases, is ceasing, passes away, is passing away, is lacking, is wanting, is exhausted, is consumed, to fail, to be lacking, to come to an end, to cease, to pass away, to be exhausted, to be consumed

Notes: This word describes something that is failing, coming to an end, or ceasing to exist. It can also mean to be lacking or to be utterly consumed. It is often used to describe the cessation of something, like a supply or a period of time.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to fail'. Thus, it literally means 'to leave out' or 'to fail utterly'.

G0337