Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Isaiah / Chapter 50Isaiah, Chapter 50
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-toh
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner
Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-os
Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.
G4169
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: POY-on
Translations: what kind of, what sort of, which, what, a certain, some
Notes: This word is an interrogative and indefinite adjective or pronoun. As an interrogative, it asks about the nature or quality of something, translating to 'what kind of' or 'which'. As an indefinite, it refers to an unspecified kind or quality, meaning 'a certain' or 'some'. It is used to inquire about or indicate the character, quality, or type of a person or thing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΠΟΙΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G0976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEEB-lee-on
Translations: book, scroll, a book, a scroll
Notes: This word refers to a book or a scroll, which was the common form of written material in ancient times. It is a diminutive of the word βίβλος (biblos), meaning 'papyrus' or 'book'. It is used to denote a written document, a record, or a volume of text. For example, one might read 'the book' or 'the scroll' of a prophet.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΟΣ, ΓΡΑΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek βίβλος (biblos, “papyrus, book”), which is thought to be of Egyptian origin, referring to the city of Byblos, a Phoenician city known for exporting papyrus.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G646
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pos-ta-SEE-oo
Translations: of apostasy, of a falling away, of a defection, of rebellion, of divorce
Notes: This word refers to a falling away, defection, or rebellion from a previously held belief, loyalty, or position. It can also specifically refer to a bill of divorce or a certificate of divorce in a legal context. It describes a state of abandonment or desertion.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΡΗΞΕΩΣ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΕΩΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-tros
Translations: of mother, of a mother, mother's
Notes: ΜΗΤΡΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΜΗΤΗΡ, meaning 'mother'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, similar to how 'of mother' or 'mother's' is used in English. For example, 'the house of the mother' or 'the mother's house'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'mother'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1821
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ah-peh-STEE-lah
Translations: I sent out, I sent forth, I dispatched
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'ἀποστέλλω' (to send away, to dispatch). It means to send out or send forth, often with a sense of commissioning or dispatching someone for a specific purpose. It implies a definitive act of sending from one place to another, or from a sender to a recipient.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ
G1821
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ap-es-TEI-la
Translations: I sent out, I dispatched, I sent forth
Notes: This word means to send out or dispatch someone or something, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a sending forth from a particular place or authority. It is used to describe the act of commissioning or delegating someone for a task.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ (apostellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out from'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEN
Translations: her, it, herself, itself
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΑΥΤΗΝ (autēn), which is the accusative singular feminine form of the pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (autos). It typically means 'her' or 'it' when referring to a feminine noun. It can also be used reflexively to mean 'herself' or 'itself'. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G5268
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pokh-REH-oh
Translations: indebted, under obligation, a debtor, one who owes
Notes: This word describes someone who is under obligation or indebted, either financially or morally. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person who is obligated, or as a noun referring to a debtor or someone who owes something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and ΧΡΕΩ (CHREO), related to 'debt' or 'obligation'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΦΕΙΛΕΤΗΣ, ΕΝΟΧΟΣ
Etymology: From the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and a derivative of ΧΡΕΟΣ (CHREOS), meaning 'debt' or 'obligation'.
G4291
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pep-RAH-ka
Translations: I have sold, I sold
Notes: This is a verb in the perfect active indicative, first person singular. It means 'I have sold' or 'I sold'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results or a state resulting from a past action. It is used to describe an action of selling something that has been completed in the past.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΩΛΗΚΑ
Etymology: The word πιπράσκω (pipraskō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to give' or 'to exchange'. It is the more common verb for 'to sell' in Koine Greek.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: behold, look, see, lo, here is, here are
Notes: This word is an interjection used to draw attention to something, similar to 'behold' or 'look!' in English. It can introduce a new or important statement, often emphasizing what follows. It can also be used to present something, meaning 'here is' or 'here are'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΡΑ, ΒΛΕΠΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'. It functions as an interjection.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-aiss
Translations: to sins, in sins, with sins, by sins
Notes: This word refers to sins or trespasses. It is used to describe actions or states that are contrary to divine law or moral principles. In a sentence, it often indicates the means, instrument, or location related to sin.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑΣΙΝ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑΙΣ
G4097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-RAH-thee-teh
Translations: you were sold, you have been sold
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be sold'. It describes an action that happened in the past, specifically that a group of people ('you all') were the recipients of being sold. It is often used in contexts of being sold into slavery or servitude, or more generally, being given away for a price.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb ΠΙΠΡΑΣΚΩ is a reduplicated present form of the root ΠΡΑΩ, meaning 'to sell'. It is related to the verb ΠΡΑΣΣΩ (prassō), which means 'to do' or 'to accomplish', suggesting an original sense of 'to put into action' or 'to bring about a sale'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Article
Sounds like: TES
Translations: all, every, whole, any, each, the
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Koine Greek word 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. Without diacritics, 'ΤΕΣ' most commonly represents the feminine plural nominative, accusative, or vocative form of 'πᾶς', which would be 'πᾶσαι' (pasai) or 'πάσας' (pasas) or 'πᾶσες' (pases) in modern Greek. It can also function as a part of the definite article, 'ταῖς' (tais), meaning 'the' (feminine plural dative), or 'τῆς' (tes), meaning 'of the' (feminine singular genitive). In context, it typically refers to a group of feminine nouns, indicating that 'all' or 'every' member of that group is included. For example, 'all women' or 'every city'.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative (from πᾶς); or Feminine, Plural, Dative (from ὁ); or Feminine, Singular, Genitive (from ὁ)
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-ME-es
Translations: lawlessnesses, iniquities, transgressions
Notes: This word refers to acts or states of lawlessness, wickedness, or iniquity. It describes a disregard for divine or moral law, often implying a state of rebellion against God's will. It is used to denote specific acts of sin or a general condition of unrighteousness.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΝΟΜΙΑ (anomia) is a compound word formed from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'νομος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. Thus, it literally means 'without law' or 'lawlessness'.
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-ais
Translations: (to) lawlessness, (to) iniquity, (to) unrighteousness, (to) wickedness
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without law, or more commonly, a disregard for or violation of divine or moral law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or wickedness. It describes actions or a lifestyle that is contrary to God's will or established moral principles. In a sentence, it would be used to describe the nature of certain deeds or the state of a person or group.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-ter-ah
Translations: mother, a mother
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΜΗΤΕΡΑ (METERA), the accusative singular form of the noun ΜΗΤΗΡ (METER), meaning 'mother'. It refers to a female parent. In the provided context, it is used in phrases like 'seeing the mother' or 'to Maryam his mother', indicating its role as the object of an action or a possessive relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1360
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: dee-OH-tee
Translations: because, for, since
Notes: ΔΙΟΤΙ is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia, 'through, on account of') and the conjunction ΟΤΙ (hoti, 'that, because'). It is used to introduce a clause that provides the reason or cause for something stated in the main clause, similar to 'because' or 'for' in English. It explains why something is the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-thon
Translations: I came, I went, they came, they went
Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I came/went' (first person singular) or 'they came/went' (third person plural), depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ
Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-thro-pos
Translations: man, human being, person, a man, a human being, a person
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthropos). It refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It can also specifically denote a male person, a man, in contrast to a woman. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to humanity as a whole or to individual people.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos), possibly from ἀνήρ (anēr, “man”) and ὤψ (ōps, “face, eye”), or from ἀνά (aná, “up”) + τρέπω (trepō, “to turn”), referring to an upright posture.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind
Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek word ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ. It refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is used to denote an individual of the human race, often in contrast to God or animals.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), suggesting 'one who has a man's face' or 'up-looking'.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAH-leh-sah
Translations: I called, I have called, I invited, I have invited, I summoned, I have summoned
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'I' performed the action of calling or inviting someone or something. It can be used in various contexts, such as calling out a name, inviting guests, or summoning someone to a specific place or purpose.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G1874
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ah-KOO-ohn
Translations: hearing, listening, answering, heeding, granting a request
Notes: This word describes the act of listening attentively, hearing, or giving heed to something or someone. It often implies not just hearing a sound, but also understanding and responding, particularly in the sense of answering a prayer or granting a request. In the provided context, it refers to someone who listens or answers.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: hoo-pah-koo-OHN
Translations: obeying, listening, he who obeys, one who obeys, a listener, a hearer
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, meaning 'to obey' or 'to listen to'. As a participle, it can function as a verb, an adjective, or a noun. When used as an adjective, it describes someone or something that is obeying or listening. When used as a noun, it refers to 'the one who obeys' or 'the one who listens'. It implies a readiness to hear and comply with instructions or authority.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under' or 'in response to', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (AKOUO), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen in response to', conveying the sense of obedience or compliance.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: is-KHOO-eh
Translations: he is strong, she is strong, it is strong, he prevails, she prevails, it prevails, he is able, she is able, it is able, he has power, she has power, it has power
Notes: This word is a verb that means to be strong, to have power, or to prevail. It describes the state of possessing strength, capability, or influence. It can be used to indicate that someone or something is effective, valid, or has authority.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
Etymology: From ἰσχύς (ischys, "strength, might").
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEIR
Translations: hand, a hand, power, agency, a means
Notes: This word refers to a hand, but it can also be used metaphorically to signify power, authority, or agency. It often appears in phrases like 'by the hand of' to indicate that something is done through someone's agency or power. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr- (hand).
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G4506
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: RHOO-sas-thai
Translations: to rescue, to deliver, to save, to set free
Notes: This word is an aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ῥύομαι' (rhyomai) or 'ῥύω' (rhyo), meaning 'to draw, to drag, to pull'. In the middle voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to draw to oneself', which then evolved to 'to rescue, deliver, or save' someone or something from danger or harm. It is often used in contexts of divine intervention or protection.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΩ
G2480
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: iss-KHOO-oh
Translations: to be strong, to be able, to prevail, to have power, to be valid, to be effective, to have strength, to be healthy
Notes: This verb means to be strong, to have power, or to be able to do something. It can describe physical strength, mental capacity, or the ability to achieve a goal. It is often used to indicate that someone or something has the necessary force or authority to accomplish a task or overcome an obstacle. It can also refer to the validity or effectiveness of something, such as a law or an argument.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
Etymology: From 'ισχύς' (ischys), meaning 'strength' or 'might'. It denotes the possession of inherent power or ability.
G1807
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ai-RES-thai
Translations: to take out, to deliver, to rescue, to pluck out, to choose
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'exaireō'. It means to take something out from a place or situation, often implying removal, rescue, or deliverance. It can also mean to choose or select something. It is used to express the action of taking out or delivering without specifying a subject or tense.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1650
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LEG-mo
Translations: to rebuke, to reprove, to convict, to expose, to put to shame, to correct, to admonish
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΕΛΕΓΜΟΣ (elegmos)'. It refers to the act of rebuking, reproving, or convicting someone, often with the intent to correct or expose wrongdoing. In the dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G0003
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pee-LAY
Translations: threat, a threat, menace, a menace
Notes: This word refers to a threat or a menace, an expression of an intention to inflict harm or punishment. It is often used in contexts where someone is warning or intimidating another person or group.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΑΠΕΙΛΗ' (apeilē) is derived from the verb 'ἀπειλέω' (apeileō), meaning 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word.
G1849
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-er-ay-MOH-soh
Translations: I will lay waste, I will make desolate, I will devastate, I will destroy
Notes: This word describes the act of making something completely desolate, barren, or uninhabited. It implies a thorough destruction or abandonment, leaving a place empty and ruined. It is often used in prophetic contexts concerning judgment or destruction.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΗΜΟΩ (exeremoo) is derived from the prefix εκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ερημοω (eremoo), meaning 'to make desolate'. The root ερημος (eremos) means 'desolate' or 'desert'.
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-LAS-san
Translations: sea, a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thay-SOH
Translations: I will place, I will put, I will set, I will lay, I will appoint
Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'τίθημι', meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, such as 'I will place' or 'I will set'. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of putting something down, establishing something, or appointing someone.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΗΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΘΗΣΩ
G4215
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poh-ta-MOOS
Translations: rivers
Notes: This word refers to rivers, which are large natural streams of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another river. It is used to describe multiple bodies of flowing water.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G2048
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-REH-moos
Translations: deserted, desolate, solitary, uninhabited, waste, lonely
Notes: This word describes something that is empty, uninhabited, or desolate. It can refer to a physical place like a desert or a wilderness, or it can describe a state of being lonely or abandoned. In the provided context, it likely refers to a region becoming desolate or uninhabited.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΟΙΚΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ΕΡΗΜΟΣ' (erēmos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἔρημος' (erēmos) meaning 'solitary' or 'deserted'.
G3583
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: xay-ran-THEH-son-teh
Translations: they will be dried up, they will wither, they will be parched
Notes: This word is a future passive indicative verb, third person plural, meaning 'they will be dried up' or 'they will wither'. It describes an action that will happen to a group of subjects, where they are the recipients of the drying or withering process. It is often used in contexts describing plants, land, or other things that lose moisture and vitality.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
G3583
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: xee-ran-THEH-son-tai
Translations: they will be dried up, they will wither, they will become parched
Notes: This word is the future passive indicative form of the verb 'ξηραίνω' (xērainō), meaning 'to dry up' or 'to wither'. It describes something, typically plants or water, that will become dry or parched in the future. It can also be used metaphorically for things that lose their vitality or become unproductive.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΞΗΡΑΙΝΩ, ΜΑΡΑΙΝΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2486
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ikh-THOO-es
Translations: fish
Notes: This word refers to 'fish' as an animal. It is the plural form of the noun 'ichthys'. In ancient contexts, fish were a common food source and held symbolic significance in various cultures, including early Christianity.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-neh
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to be present, to belong, to be possible
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or to express that something exists or is present. It is a very common and fundamental verb.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur
Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.
Inflection: Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.
G2809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kloo-DON
Translations: wave, a wave, surge, a surge, billow, a billow, storm, a storm
Notes: This word, 'ΥΔΩΝ', appears to be a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek word 'ΚΛΥΔΩΝ' (klydon), which means a wave, surge, or a violent commotion of the sea, often referring to a storm or tempest. It describes the turbulent movement of water, particularly large waves. It is typically used in contexts related to the sea or large bodies of water.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΜΑ, ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HY-dohr
Translations: water, a water
Notes: This word refers to water, a fundamental element. It is commonly used in various contexts to denote liquid, especially drinking water, or bodies of water like rivers or springs. The final apostrophe-like mark is a keraia, indicating that the word is being used as a numeral. In this specific context, ΥΔΩΡ' represents the number 474. However, it is much more likely that the mark is a scribal error or a coronis indicating an elision, and the word is simply 'water'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to words for water in many other Indo-European languages.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NOON-teh
Translations: dying, having died, to die, to be dead
Notes: This word is the masculine plural nominative or vocative participle of the verb 'to die'. It describes individuals who are in the process of dying or have already died, functioning as an adjective or a substantive.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΟΙΜΑΩ
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-thah-NOON-tai
Translations: they will die, they are about to die
Notes: This word is a verb indicating the future action of dying. It is used to describe the cessation of life for multiple subjects. It is often found in contexts discussing mortality or the end of life.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G1372
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DIP-see
Translations: he thirsts, she thirsts, it thirsts, you (singular) thirst, thirst (imperative), to thirst
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'διψάω' (dipsao), meaning 'to thirst' or 'to be thirsty'. Without diacritics, 'ΔΙΨΙ' most commonly represents either the 3rd person singular present active indicative ('he/she/it thirsts') or the 2nd person singular present active imperative ('thirst!'). It describes the physical sensation of needing water or, metaphorically, a strong desire or longing for something, often righteousness or spiritual fulfillment. It can be used in sentences like 'The man thirsts for water' or 'Blessed are those who thirst for righteousness'.
Inflection: Present Active Indicative (3rd person singular or 2nd person singular) or Present Active Imperative (2nd person singular)
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΝΑΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ
G1746
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-DEW-soh
Translations: I will put on, I will clothe, I will be clothed, I will wear
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put on' or 'to clothe oneself'. It is often used in the context of putting on garments or clothing, but can also be used metaphorically for putting on qualities, characteristics, or even spiritual armor. It implies the act of covering or enveloping oneself with something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-RAH-non
Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the sky or the heavens, often understood as the dwelling place of God or the celestial realm. It is used to describe the physical expanse above the earth, as well as a spiritual or divine sphere. In a sentence, it might be used to indicate direction, as in 'looking up to heaven,' or as a location, as in 'God is in heaven.'
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΗΡ, ΑΙΘΗΡ
G4655
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKO-tos
Translations: darkness, gloom, a darkness
Notes: This word refers to darkness, either literal absence of light or metaphorical darkness, such as spiritual or moral obscurity, ignorance, or a state of wickedness. It can be used to describe a physical condition or a spiritual one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΟΦΟΣ, ΣΚΟΤΙΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'shadow' or 'darkness'.
G4526
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAK-kon
Translations: sackcloth, a sackcloth
Notes: Sackcloth was a coarse, dark cloth, often made of goat's hair, worn as a sign of mourning, repentance, or distress in ancient times. It was typically worn directly against the skin or as an outer garment. This form of the word is used when it is the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
G4018
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-BOH-leh-on
Translations: garment, cloak, a garment, a cloak, covering, a covering
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or variant of the Koine Greek word 'περιβόλαιον' (peribolaion), which refers to something thrown around one, like a garment, cloak, or covering. It is used to describe an outer covering or an article of clothing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΧΙΤΩΝ
G4018
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-boh-LAI-on
Translations: covering, a covering, mantle, a mantle, veil, a veil, cloak, a cloak, garment, a garment
Notes: This word refers to something thrown around or put on, serving as a covering. It can denote a mantle, cloak, or veil, and generally signifies any kind of covering or garment. It is often used to describe clothing or an outer covering.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΧΙΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΒΟΛΑΙΟΝ (peribolaion) is derived from the verb περιβάλλω (periballō), meaning 'to throw around, put around, clothe'. It describes something that is thrown around or put on.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DI-doh-sin
Translations: gives, he gives, she gives, it gives
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It describes the action of bestowing something upon someone or something. It is used when a subject performs the action of giving.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G1100
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GLOHS-san
Translations: tongue, a tongue, language, a language, speech, a speech, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of the tongue, but it can also refer to language or speech, as in a specific dialect or the act of speaking. In some contexts, it can even refer to a people group or nation, especially when referring to their distinct language. It is used in sentences to describe the physical tongue, the act of speaking, or a group of people defined by their shared language.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ
G3808, G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pahee-DEE-as
Translations: (of) play, (of) sport, (of) childishness, (of) discipline, (of) instruction, (of) training, (of) chastisement
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of either 'παιδιά' (paidia) or 'παιδεία' (paideia). 'Παιδιά' refers to play, sport, or childishness. 'Παιδεία' refers to the upbringing, training, instruction, or discipline of children, which can also extend to chastisement or correction. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΙΓΝΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΠΛΗΞΙΣ, ΝΟΥΘΕΣΙΑ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GNO-neh
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to come to know
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. In the provided context, 'ΓΝΩΝΕ' appears to be a misspelling or an alternative spelling of 'γνῶναι' (gnōnai), which is the aorist active infinitive form of 'γινώσκω'. It describes the act of coming to know or understanding something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive (likely a misspelling of 'γνῶναι')
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-NAI
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to recognize
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It expresses the action of knowing or coming to know in a general sense, without specifying the time of the action. It is often used as the object of another verb or as a complement to an adjective, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be able to know' or 'for the purpose of knowing'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G2259
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: HAY-nee-kah
Translations: when, at which time, as soon as
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, meaning 'when' or 'at which time'. It is used to introduce a temporal clause, specifying the moment an action occurs. It can also convey the sense of 'as soon as' or 'whenever'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and 'nika' (at what time). It combines these elements to form an adverb indicating a specific point in time.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: i-PEIN
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb, meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used to express the action of communicating something verbally, without specifying the time frame of the action itself, but rather the completed act of speaking. It can be used in various constructions, such as with a subject in the accusative case.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ
Etymology: The root of this word, ΕΙΠΩ, is a suppletive aorist stem used for the verb 'to say'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THEE-ken
Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' or 'to appoint.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the action of placing or setting something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G4404
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PRO-ee
Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)
Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eth-EE-ken
Translations: he added, he put to, he increased, he continued
Notes: This verb means 'to add to,' 'to put to,' 'to increase,' or 'to continue.' It describes the action of joining one thing to another, making something larger or more numerous, or resuming an action. It is often used to indicate an action that follows or builds upon a previous one.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΘΗΚΕ, ΠΡΟΣΕΘΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΘΗΚΑΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place.'
G5621
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-tee-on
Translations: ear, an ear, earlobe, a little ear
Notes: This word refers to the ear or, more specifically, a small ear or earlobe. It is often used in contexts related to hearing or the physical part of the body. It is a diminutive form of the word for 'ear'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΣ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-ayn
Translations: to hear, to listen, to understand, to obey
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΑΚΟΥΩ'. It means 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Depending on the context, it can also imply 'to understand' or 'to obey' what is heard. It is used to express the action of perceiving sound or giving attention to something spoken.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the sense of hearing and perception.
G3816, G3809
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pai-DEE-ah
Translations: children, a child, discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, play, childishness
Notes: This word is a compound form that can refer to several related concepts. It can be the nominative/accusative plural of 'παιδίον' (paidion), meaning 'children' or 'little children'. It can also be the nominative singular of 'παιδεία' (paideia), which refers to the upbringing, training, or instruction of children, often implying discipline or correction. In some contexts, it can also refer to 'play' or 'childishness'. The specific meaning depends on the grammatical context and surrounding words.
Inflection: Neuter Plural (children), Feminine Singular Nominative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Accusative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Genitive (discipline/play)
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΝΗΠΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G455
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NOY-ee
Translations: opens, is opening, will open, open
Notes: This word is a misspelling or variant form of the verb 'ἀνοίγω' (anoigō), meaning 'to open'. It describes the action of making something accessible or revealing something. In the provided context, it refers to the act of opening ears, implying understanding or attentiveness.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΩ
G0455
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NOY-ghee
Translations: opens, he opens, she opens, it opens
Notes: This word means 'to open' or 'to unseal'. It can refer to the physical act of opening a door, a book, or a mouth, or it can be used metaphorically, such as opening one's understanding or a way forward. It is often used in the context of revealing or making something accessible.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΓΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-TA
Translations: ears, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the organs of hearing. It is the plural form of the noun 'οὖς' (ous), meaning 'ear'. It can be used in sentences to refer to multiple ears.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: This is a first-person singular pronoun, meaning 'I' or 'me'. It is used when the speaker is referring to themselves as the subject of a verb (nominative case). It can also be used for emphasis.
Inflection: First person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a common first-person pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pee-THOH
Translations: I am disobedient, I disobey, I refuse to believe, I am unbelieving
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἀπειθέω' (apeitheō), meaning to be disobedient, to refuse to believe, or to be unbelieving. It describes an action of resistance or lack of faith, often in response to a command, teaching, or person. It implies a deliberate choice not to comply or trust.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΕΩ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OO-deh
Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not
Notes: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'οὐ' (not) and the enclitic particle 'δέ' (but, and). The apostrophe indicates an elision, meaning the final vowel of 'οὐδέ' has been dropped before a word starting with a vowel. It functions to negate a preceding statement or to introduce an additional negative element, often translated as 'and not', 'neither', or 'nor'. It can also emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (particle/conjunction), but the final vowel is elided before a word beginning with a vowel.
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ, ΟΥΤΕ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-LEH-goh
Translations: to contradict, to speak against, to gainsay, to object, to refuse
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΝΤΙ (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, it means to speak against someone or something, to contradict, or to gainsay. It implies opposition in speech or argument.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΠΙΠΤΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑϹϹΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek preposition ΑΝΤΙ (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-ton
Translations: back, a back
Notes: This word refers to the back of a body, whether human or animal. It can be used literally to describe the physical back, or metaphorically to indicate turning away from something, as in 'turning one's back' on a command or person, implying disobedience or rejection.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΡΑΧΙΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sneh₁- meaning 'to spin, to twist', possibly referring to the spine.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kah
Translations: I gave, I have given, I did give
Notes: This is the first person singular, active, indicative, aorist form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. The aorist tense in Koine Greek typically describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasizing its duration or repetition. It can often be translated as a simple past tense in English, such as 'I gave', or sometimes with 'did' for emphasis, 'I did give'.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Active, Indicative, Aorist
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΔΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is related to words for giving in many other Indo-European languages.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3148
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mas-TEE-gas
Translations: scourges, whips, plagues, diseases, of scourges, of whips, of plagues, of diseases, to scourges, to whips, to plagues, to diseases
Notes: This word refers to a whip, scourge, or lash, used for punishment or affliction. It can also metaphorically refer to a plague, disease, or any severe affliction. It is often used in contexts describing physical punishment or divine judgment.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΓΗ, ΜΑΣΤΙΓΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΣΤΙΞ (mastix) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to beat' or 'to strike'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G4600
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: see-ah-GOH-nas
Translations: jaws, cheeks
Notes: This word refers to the jaw or cheek, specifically the side of the face. In its plural form, it refers to multiple jaws or cheeks. It is often used in contexts describing physical actions or features related to the face.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek or of unknown etymology.
G4474
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: rah-PIS-mah-tah
Translations: blows, slaps, cuffs
Notes: This word refers to a physical blow, typically a slap or a cuff, often delivered to the face. It describes an act of striking someone with the hand, usually as a form of insult or punishment. It is used in contexts describing physical abuse or mistreatment.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΦΟΙ, ΠΛΗΓΑΙ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-STREP-sah
Translations: I turned away, I turned back, I averted, I returned, I perverted, I rejected
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποστρέφω (apostrephō). It describes a completed action in the past, performed by the speaker. The verb generally means to turn something or someone away, to turn back, to avert, or to cause to return. It can also imply perverting or rejecting something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: STREPHO, EKSTREPHO, EPISTREPHO
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. The compound verb thus means 'to turn away from'.
G0095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-KHOO-ness
Translations: you were ashamed, he was ashamed, she was ashamed, it was ashamed
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'aischyno', meaning 'to shame' or 'to be ashamed'. In this specific inflection, it indicates that someone was put to shame or felt shame. It describes a past action or state of being ashamed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Singular or Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ
Etymology: The word 'aischyno' is derived from 'aischos', meaning 'shame' or 'disgrace'. It describes the act of bringing shame upon oneself or others.
G0152
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-skhoo-NES
Translations: of shame, of disgrace, of dishonor, of confusion, of a sense of shame
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of shame, disgrace, or dishonor. It can also denote the state of being put to shame or confusion. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of shame' or 'belonging to shame'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΟΠΗ, ΑΤΙΜΙΑ
G4427
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-PTOOS-mah-ton
Translations: of spittle, of sputum
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'πτύσμα' (ptysma), which means 'spittle' or 'sputum'. It refers to saliva or other matter ejected from the mouth. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of spittle' or 'belonging to spittle'. It is often used in contexts describing acts of spitting or the substance produced by spitting.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G0998
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-ee-THOS
Translations: helper, a helper, assistant, aid
Notes: This word refers to someone who provides help or assistance. It can be used to describe a person who comes to the aid of another, or a divine being who offers support and deliverance. It is often used in a context of providing relief or succor in times of need.
Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΣ, ΑΡΩΓΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΗΘΟΣ (boēthos) is derived from the verb βοήθειν (boēthein), meaning 'to come to aid, to help'. This verb itself is a compound of βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry, a shout' (especially a cry for help), and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it literally means 'one who runs to a cry for help'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thee
Translations: was born, became, happened, came to pass, was made, occurred
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies something coming into existence, being born, becoming, happening, or occurring. It is used to describe events that took place in the past, often emphasizing the result or outcome of an action or process.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΓΙΓΝΟΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, these, those, he, she, it, they, such, the same, (of) this, (to) this, (of) that, (to) that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟʼ is the neuter singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΥΤΟϹ (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. The trailing apostrophe (coronis) indicates an elision, meaning the final vowel of the word ΤΟΥΤΟ has been dropped, likely before a word starting with a vowel. It is used to point out something specific, often referring to something previously mentioned or about to be mentioned. It can function as a pronoun (e.g., 'this one') or an adjective (e.g., 'this thing').
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Elided
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟϹ, ΟΔΕ
G1788
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-e-TRA-pen
Translations: was ashamed, was put to shame, was confounded, was abashed, was put to flight, turned back
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΕΝΕΤΡΑΠΗΝ. It is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something was turned back, put to shame, or became ashamed. It can also mean to be confounded or abashed. In some contexts, it can mean to be put to flight or to turn back.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΝ (EN), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (TREPO), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn in' or 'to turn upon', which evolved to signify turning inward with shame or turning someone back.
G0235, G0243
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adjective
Sounds like: AL
Translations: but, rather, however, yet, another, other, different
Notes: This word, ΑΛʼΛ, is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (apostrophe). It most commonly represents either the conjunction ΑΛΛΑ (alla) or a form of the adjective ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos). As ΑΛΛΑ, it functions as a conjunction meaning 'but,' 'rather,' or 'however,' introducing a contrast or an alternative. As a form of ΑΛΛΟΣ, it means 'another,' 'other,' or 'different,' describing a distinct entity or group. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Elided form of ΑΛΛΑ (does not inflect) or various inflections of ΑΛΛΟΣ (e.g., Nominative, Feminine, Singular for ΑΛΛΗ; or Accusative, Neuter, Singular for ΑΛΛΟ).
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-thay-ka
Translations: I put, I place, I lay, I set, I appoint, I make, I establish
Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi). It describes an action of placing, putting, or setting something down, or establishing something, that occurred in the past. It can also mean to appoint or make someone something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, countenance, presence, person, appearance, a face, a countenance, a presence, a person, an appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face or countenance of a person, often implying their presence or appearance. It can also denote a 'person' in a more general sense, or the outward aspect of something. In some contexts, it can refer to the 'presence' of someone before another.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, “to, towards”) and ὤψ (ōps, “eye, face”). It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.
G4731
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: steh-reh-AHN
Translations: firm, solid, stable, strong, a firm, a solid, a stable, a strong
Notes: This word describes something that is firm, solid, or stable. It can refer to physical objects that are hard and unyielding, or metaphorically to something that is steadfast, unshakeable, or strong in character or belief. It is often used to describe a foundation or a rock.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ
G4073
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-tran
Translations: rock, a rock, stone, a stone
Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is often used to denote a solid foundation or a place of refuge. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to a physical rock or rocky place.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EG-nohn
Translations: I knew, I recognized, I perceived, I understood
Notes: This is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It signifies a completed action of knowing, recognizing, perceiving, or understanding in the past. It can be used to express the acquisition of knowledge or the realization of something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G2617
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tes-khoo-NTHE
Translations: was put to shame, was disgraced, was confounded, was disappointed
Notes: This word describes the state of being shamed, disgraced, or confounded. It implies a feeling of humiliation or disappointment, often due to a failure or an unexpected outcome. It is used to convey that someone has been made to feel ashamed or has suffered a public disgrace.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ, ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ
Etymology: From G2596 (KATA) meaning 'down' and G153 (AISCHYNO) meaning 'to shame'. It literally means 'to shame down' or 'to put to utter shame'.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-khoo-NTHOH
Translations: I was ashamed, I became ashamed, I was put to shame
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a state of shame or being put to shame. It describes the feeling of disgrace or humiliation experienced by someone, or the act of being disgraced by another. It is often used to express a strong sense of personal dishonor.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ
G0261
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ahee-skhoo-NTHOH
Translations: I may be ashamed, I might be ashamed, I may be put to shame, I might be put to shame
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be ashamed' or 'to be put to shame'. It describes a state of feeling shame or being disgraced. It is often used in contexts where someone faces humiliation or disappointment, particularly in relation to their actions or expectations. The form 'ΑΙΣΧΥΝΘΩ' indicates a potential or desired outcome, suggesting that someone 'may' or 'might' experience shame.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ
G1448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-GHEE-zei
Translations: draws near, approaches, is at hand, comes near
Notes: This verb means to draw near, approach, or be at hand. It describes something or someone moving closer in space or time. It can be used to indicate proximity or an impending event.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: From the adverb ἔγγυς (engys), meaning 'near'. The verb is formed by adding the suffix -ίζω (-izō) to indicate a process of becoming or making near.
G1344
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-OH-sas
Translations: having justified, having declared righteous, having acquitted
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that was completed in the past by the subject. It means 'having justified' or 'having declared righteous'. It describes someone who has performed the act of justifying or making righteous.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΑΣ, ΑΦΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ (dikaioō) comes from the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It signifies the act of making someone righteous or declaring them to be so.
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G2919
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kree-NOH-meh-nos
Translations: being judged, being decided, being contended with, being separated, being distinguished
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'κρίνω' (krino). It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, indicating that the subject is undergoing judgment, decision, or separation by an external force or by themselves. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The verb κρίνω (krino) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to separate' or 'to distinguish'. Over time, its meaning evolved to include 'to judge' or 'to decide', implying a process of distinguishing between right and wrong, or making a determination.
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tis-TAY-toh
Translations: let him resist, let him oppose, let him stand against
Notes: This word describes the act of resisting, opposing, or standing against something or someone. It implies a firm and determined opposition, often in a confrontational manner. It is used to command or urge someone to take a stand.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G0260
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: AH-mah
Translations: at the same time, together, with, at once, simultaneously
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'at the same time' or 'together'. It emphasizes simultaneity or togetherness of actions or people. It can also function as an improper preposition, taking the dative case, to mean 'together with' or 'with'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΥ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying 'together' or 'at the same time' in various Indo-European languages.
G1448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ghee-SAH-toh
Translations: let him draw near, let it draw near, let him approach, let it approach
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to draw near' or 'to approach'. It is used to express a command or an exhortation for someone or something to come closer. It implies movement towards a specific point or person.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G0997
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boh-ay-THEH-see
Translations: will help, will aid, will assist
Notes: This word means 'to help' or 'to aid'. It is used to describe the act of providing assistance or support to someone or something. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a single person or entity.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ
G0997
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: boh-AY-thay
Translations: he helps, she helps, it helps, help!
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to help', 'to aid', or 'to assist'. It can be used to describe someone providing assistance to another person or entity. It can also be used as a command, urging someone to provide help.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΕΩ, ΑΝΤΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word βοήθεια (boētheia), from which this verb is derived, comes from βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry', and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it originally meant 'to run to a cry for help'.
G2557
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-KOS-ee
Translations: suffering, affliction, ill-treatment, distress, a suffering, an affliction
Notes: This word refers to a state of suffering, affliction, or ill-treatment. It describes the experience of hardship or distress, often inflicted by others. It can be used to describe the general condition of a people or the specific hardship faced by individuals.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΩΣΙΣ (kakōsis) is derived from the verb κακόω (kakoō), meaning 'to mistreat, harm, or afflict', which in turn comes from the adjective κακός (kakos), meaning 'bad, evil'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MEES
Translations: you, to you, for you, by you, with you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents either the nominative form 'ὑμεῖς' (you) or the dative form 'ὑμῖν' (to/for/by/with you). Its specific meaning in a sentence depends on the grammatical case it represents, which is often determined by context or the presence of prepositions. It refers to a group of people being addressed.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative
Etymology: The word 'ὑμεῖς' (hymeis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yuH- (you). It is the plural form of the second-person pronoun.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MACE
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (referring to multiple people). It is used when the 'you' is the subject of the sentence, performing the action of the verb.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'vos' and English 'you'.
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-on
Translations: garment, a garment, cloak, a cloak, clothes, clothing
Notes: This word refers to an outer garment or cloak, which was a common piece of clothing in ancient times. It could also refer to clothing in general. It is often used in the context of someone wearing or taking off an article of clothing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΙΤΩΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάτιον (híma), meaning 'garment' or 'clothing'. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', suggesting something thrown over or put on.
G3822
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-leh-oh-thee-SEH-sthai
Translations: to become old, to grow old, to be worn out, to be made old
Notes: This word is the future perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'παλαιόω' (palaioō), meaning 'to make old' or 'to become old'. It describes an action that will have been completed in the future, resulting in something being old or worn out. It implies a state of having aged or deteriorated.
Inflection: Future Perfect, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΗΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΩ
G4597
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAYS
Translations: moth, a moth
Notes: This word refers to a moth, specifically a clothes moth or a similar insect that consumes fabric. It is often used metaphorically to describe something that causes decay, destruction, or ruin, similar to how moths destroy garments. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word "σής" (sēs) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning "to eat" or "to gnaw."
G2719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-fah-GEH-teh
Translations: you eat up, you devour, you consume, you destroy
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φαγεῖν (phagein), meaning 'to eat'. Together, it means to eat down, eat up, devour, or consume completely. It is often used metaphorically to mean to destroy or waste.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΕΚΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ
G2719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-fah-GEH-tai
Translations: will devour, will consume, will eat up
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. Together, it means to eat down, consume entirely, or devour. It is used to describe a complete and destructive consumption, often by fire, a sword, or an enemy.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb κατεσθίω (katesthiō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. The root ἐσθίω comes from an older form ἔδω (edō), which is related to the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to eat'.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G5399
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: foh-BOO-meh-nos
Translations: fearing, being afraid, revering, respecting, one who fears, he who fears
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ, meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In a religious context, it can also mean 'to revere' or 'to respect God'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the state of fearing or revering, or describing an action done while fearing. It can be translated as 'fearing' or 'one who fears'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON
Translations: Lord, a Lord
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.
G1874
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ah-KOO-sah-toh
Translations: let him hear, let him listen, let him give ear, let him answer
Notes: This word means to hear, listen to, or give ear to, often with the implication of heeding or answering. It is used to command or request that someone pay attention or respond.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHOH-nays
Translations: (of) voice, (of) sound, (of) noise
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'voice,' 'sound,' or 'noise.' It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of a voice,' 'of a sound,' or 'of a noise.' For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the sound of thunder' or 'the voice of the Lord.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
G3966
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-dos
Translations: ground, a ground, soil, a soil, earth, an earth, land, a land, plain, a plain
Notes: This word refers to the ground, soil, or earth, often in the sense of a flat or level surface. It can also denote a specific piece of land or a plain. It is typically used to describe the physical surface upon which one stands or moves.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΧΩΡΑ, ΕΔΑΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πέδον' (pedon) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *ped- meaning 'foot'. It refers to the ground or a flat surface.
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-doss
Translations: of a child, of a boy, of a servant, of a son
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΠΑΙΣ' (pais). It refers to a child, a boy, a servant, or a son. As a genitive case, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For example, 'the house of the servant' or 'the father of the child'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΥ, ΥΙΟΥ, ΔΟΥΛΟΥ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: por-YOO-meh-noy
Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, those who are going, those who are walking
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement. It can be used to refer to individuals who are in the process of moving from one place to another, often implying a journey or a specific direction. For example, it might describe 'those who are going' or 'people who are walking'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G4655
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKO-tee
Translations: darkness, a darkness, gloom, obscurity
Notes: This word refers to darkness, gloom, or obscurity. It is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual or moral darkness, as well as literal absence of light. It can also refer to a place of darkness.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΙΑ, ΖΟΦΟΣ
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (for) them, (to) themselves, (for) themselves
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). It can mean 'to them' or 'for them' when referring to a third person plural, or 'to themselves' or 'for themselves' when used reflexively. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, and can apply to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G5457
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOHSS
Translations: light, a light, fire
Notes: This word refers to light, whether literal illumination, or metaphorically, as in truth, knowledge, or spiritual enlightenment. It can also refer to a source of light, like a lamp or a star, or even fire. It is often used in contrast to darkness.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΦΕΓΓΟΣ, ΛΥΧΝΟΣ, ΠΥΡ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to shine' or 'to be bright'.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-POY-thah-teh
Translations: you have trusted, you have been persuaded, you have relied, you have obeyed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to trust, be persuaded, or rely upon. It is often used in the perfect tense to indicate a state of having been persuaded or having placed one's trust in something or someone. It can be used in a sentence to express confidence or reliance, such as 'you have trusted in God' or 'you have been persuaded by the words'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-NO-ma-tee
Translations: to name, to a name, by name, in the name (of), for the name (of), for a name
Notes: This word refers to a name, reputation, or character. It is often used in phrases like 'in the name of' or 'by name' to indicate authority, identity, or purpose. As a dative case, it typically answers the question 'to whom?' or 'for what?' or indicates the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ, ΚΛΗΣΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tee-stee-RI-ze-sthai
Translations: to lean against, to support oneself against, to resist, to oppose
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'στηρίζω' (sterizo), meaning 'to fix', 'to establish', or 'to support'. In its middle/passive voice, as seen here, it means 'to lean oneself against something for support' or 'to brace oneself against something'. It can also carry the sense of 'to resist' or 'to oppose' by standing firm against an opposing force.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb στηρίζω (sterizo), meaning 'to fix', 'to establish', or 'to support'. The combination implies an action of setting oneself firmly against something.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oh
Translations: to God, for God, God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a contracted form of the Koine Greek word ΘΕΩ (THEO). It is the dative singular form of the noun ΘΕΟΣ (THEOS), meaning 'God'. As a dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. Thus, it is commonly translated as 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poor
Translations: fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to the element of fire. It is commonly used in a literal sense to denote burning, heat, or light. Metaphorically, it can represent divine judgment, purification, testing, or the presence of God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G2545
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KAI-eh-tai
Translations: it burns, it is burning, it is being burned
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn' or 'to be consumed by fire'. It is used to describe something that is actively on fire or undergoing the process of being burned. It is often used in contexts describing literal fire, but can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ
G2729
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kat-is-KHOO-sa-te
Translations: you prevailed, you were strong, you were able, you overcame, you prevailed against
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἰσχύω (ischyō, meaning 'to be strong' or 'to be able'). It means to be strong against, to prevail, or to overcome. It implies a successful exertion of strength or power, often in a contest or against an opposing force.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΝΙΚΑΩ
G5395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHLOG-ah
Translations: flame, a flame, blaze, a blaze
Notes: This word refers to a flame or blaze, the visible gaseous part of a fire. It is often used to describe intense heat or light produced by burning material. It can be used in contexts describing literal fire, or metaphorically for intense passion or destruction.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΥΡ, ΑΙΘΑΛΗ
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PY-ros
Translations: of fire, fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-YOO-es-theh
Translations: go, walk, travel, proceed, depart, you go, you walk, you travel
Notes: This word means to go, walk, travel, or proceed. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command, such as 'Go!' or 'You go!'. It can also describe the act of departing or moving from one place to another. In the provided examples, it is used as a command to 'go' or 'enter'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Imperative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G5457
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHOH-tee
Translations: to light, to a light, to a lamp, to fire, to a fire, to a torch, to a torchlight, to a day, to a daylight, to a daybreak, to a morning, to a dawn, to a revelation, to a manifestation, to a truth, to a knowledge, to a understanding, to a spiritual illumination
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'φῶς' (phōs), meaning 'light'. It refers to physical light, such as from the sun, a lamp, or fire, but can also metaphorically refer to spiritual or intellectual light, such as revelation, truth, or understanding. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means 'by' or 'with'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΥΧΝΩ, ΠΥΡΙ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: flo-GAY
Translations: flame, a flame, fire, a fire
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'φλόξ' (phlox), meaning 'flame' or 'fire'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated as 'to a flame' or 'by a flame', or simply 'flame' in certain contexts where the dative case implies means or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΥΡ
G1572
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-eh-KOW-sah-teh
Translations: you burned, you were inflamed, you were set on fire, you were kindled
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to burn out', 'to burn up', 'to inflame', or 'to be inflamed'. It is often used metaphorically to describe strong passions or desires, such as being inflamed with lust or anger. The prefix 'εξ-' (ex-) intensifies the action, suggesting a complete or thorough burning or inflammation. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by 'you' (plural).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΩ, ΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the accusative form of the first-person singular pronoun, meaning 'me'. It is used as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. For example, 'He saw me' or 'He spoke to me'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΕΓΩ (ego) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *eǵh₂- (I). It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it became, it happened, it came to pass, there was, it was
Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist indicative, middle voice form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies something coming into existence, happening, or becoming. It is very commonly used in narratives to introduce new events or states, often translated as 'it came to pass' or 'there was'.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3077
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOO-pay
Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, sadness, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a sadness
Notes: This word refers to a state of emotional distress, sadness, or grief. It can also denote physical pain or affliction. It is commonly used to describe deep emotional suffering or sorrow caused by loss, disappointment, or adverse circumstances.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΣΤΕΝΑΓΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the root λύπη (lupē), meaning 'pain, grief'. It is related to the verb λύω (luō), 'to loosen, release', possibly implying a loosening or breaking of the spirit.
G2837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koy-may-thay-SEH-sthai
Translations: to sleep, to fall asleep, to be put to sleep, to die, to rest
Notes: This word is the future middle/passive infinitive of the verb 'κοιμάω' (koimaō). It describes the action of sleeping, falling asleep, or being put to sleep, often used metaphorically to refer to death or resting in death. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, indicating the purpose or result of an action, or serving as the object of another verb.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΥΔΩ, ΥΠΝΟΩ
Etymology: The verb κοιμάω (koimaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down, to settle'. It is related to words meaning 'bed' or 'couch'.
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