Psalms Chapter 45, Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)

Psalms, Chapter 45

Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)

45:1
45:2
45:3
45:4
45:5
45:6
45:7
45:8
45:9
45:10
45:11
45:12

45:1

(MT: 46:1)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:1 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:1 in the LXX.
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- to
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΤΕΛΟΣ
- TELOS
- end
ΥΠΕΡ
- YPER
- concerning
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ΥΙΩΝ
- UIŌN
- sons
ΚΟΡΕ
- KORE
- Korah
ΥΠΕΡ
- YPER
- concerning
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ΚΡΥΦΙΩΝ
- KRYPHIŌN
- hidden-things
ΨΑΛΜΟΣ
- PSALMOS
- psalm

45:2

(MT: 46:2)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:2 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:2 in the LXX.
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΗ
- KATAPHYGĒ
- refuge
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ
- DYNAMIS
- strength
ΒΟΗΘΟΣ
- BOĒTHOS
- helper
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΘΛΙΨΕΣΙΝ
- THLIPSESIN
- tribulations
ΤΑΙΣ
- TAIS
- the
ΕΥΡΟΥΣΑΙΣ
- EUROUSAIS
- finding
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΣΦΟΔΡΑ
- SPHODRA
- greatly

45:3

(MT: 46:3)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:3 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:3 in the LXX.
ΔΙΑ
- DIA
- because-of
ΤΟΥΤΟ
- TOUTO
- this
ΟΥ̓
- OU
- not
ΦΟΒΗΘΗΣΟΜΕΘΑ
- PHOBĒTHĒSOMETHA
- we-will-be-afraid
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ΤΑΡΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ
- TARASSESTHAI
- being-shaken
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΓΗΝ
- GĒN
- earth
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΕΣΘΑΙ
- METATITHESTHAI
- being-moved
ὈΡΗ
- ORĒ
- mountains
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΚΑΡΔΙΑΙΣ
- KARDIAIS
- hearts
ΘΑΛΑΣΣΩΝ
- THALASSŌN
- of-seas

45:4

(MT: 46:4)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:4 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:4 in the LXX.
ἨΧΗΣΑΝ
- ĒCHĒSAN
- they-roared
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἘΤΑΡΑΧΘΗΣΑΝ
- ETARACHTHĒSAN
- they-were-troubled
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΥΔΑΤΑ
- YDATA
- waters
ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- of-them
ἘΤΑΡΑΧΘΗΣΑΝ
- ETARACHTHĒSAN
- they-were-troubled
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ὈΡΗ
- ORĒ
- mountains
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΤΗΤΙ
- KRATAIOTĒTI
- strength
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- of-it
ΔΙΑΨΑΛΜΑ
- DIAPSALMA
- Selah

45:5

(MT: 46:5)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:5 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:5 in the LXX.
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΠΟΤΑΜΟΥ
- POTAMOU
- river
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ΟΡΜΗΜΑΤΑ
- ORMĒMATA
- currents
ΕΥ̓ΦΡΑΙΝΟΥΣΙΝ
- EUPHRAINOUSIN
- make-glad
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΠΟΛΙΝ
- POLIN
- city
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God
ΗΓΙΑΣΕΝ
- ĒGIASEN
- he-sanctified
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΣΚΗΝΩΜΑ
- SKĒNŌMA
- dwelling-place
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- of-him
Ο
- O
- the
ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ
- YPSISTOS
- Most-High

45:6

(MT: 46:6)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:6 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:6 in the LXX.
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΜΕΣΩ
- MESŌ
- midst
ΑΥ̓ΤΗΣ
- AUTĒS
- of-her
ΟΥ̓
- OU
- not
ΣΑΛΕΥΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ
- SALEUTHĒSETAI
- she-will-be-shaken
ΒΟΗΘΗΣΕΙ
- BOĒTHĒSEI
- he-will-help
ΑΥ̓ΤΗ
- AUTĒ
- to-her
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΠΡΟΣΩΠΩ
- PROSŌPŌ
- face

45:7

(MT: 46:7)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:7 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:7 in the LXX.
ἘΤΑΡΑΧΘΗΣΑΝ
- ETARACHTHĒSAN
- they-were-disturbed
ἘΘΝΗ
- ETHNĒ
- nations
ἘΚΛΙΝΑΝ
- EKLINAN
- they-bowed
ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΙ
- BASILEIAI
- kingdoms
ἘΔΩΚΕΝ
- EDŌKEN
- he-gave
ΦΩΝΗΝ
- PHŌNĒN
- voice
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ἘΣΑΛΕΥΘΗ
- ESALEUTHĒ
- it-was-shaken
Η
- Ē
- the
ΓΗ
- GĒ
- earth

45:8

(MT: 46:8)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:8 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:8 in the LXX.
ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
- KYRIOS
- Lord
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΝ
- DYNAMEŌN
- powers
ΜΕΘ'
- METH'
- with
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- us
ἈΝΤΙΛΗΜΠΤΩΡ
- ANTILĒMPTŌR
- helper
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
ἸΑΚΩΒ
- IAKŌB
- Jacob
ΔΙΑΨΑΛΜΑ
- DIAPSALMA
- interlude

45:9

(MT: 46:9)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:9 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:9 in the LXX.
ΔΕΥΤΕ
- DEUTE
- come
ἸΔΕΤΕ
- IDETE
- see
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΡΓΑ
- ERGA
- works
ΚΥΡΙΟΥ
- KYRIOU
- of-Lord
Α
- A
- which
ἘΘΕΤΟ
- ETHETO
- he-placed
ΤΕΡΑΤΑ
- TERATA
- wonders
ἘΠΙ
- EPI
- upon
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- the
ΓΗΣ
- GĒS
- earth

45:10

(MT: 46:10)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:10 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:10 in the LXX.
ἈΝΤΑΝΑΙΡΩΝ
- ANTANAIRŌN
- destroying
ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥΣ
- POLEMOUS
- wars
ΜΕΧΡΙ
- MECHRI
- until
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ΠΕΡΑΤΩΝ
- PERATŌN
- ends
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ΓΗΣ
- GĒS
- earth
ΤΟΞΟΝ
- TOXON
- bow
ΣΥΝΤΡΙΨΕΙ
- SYNTRIPSEI
- he-will-break
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΣΥΝΚΛΑΣΕΙ
- SYNKLASEI
- he-will-shatter
ΟΠΛΟΝ
- OPLON
- weapon
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΘΥΡΕΟΥΣ
- THYREOUS
- shields
ΚΑΤΑΚΑΥΣΕΙ
- KATAKAUSEI
- he-will-burn-up
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΠΥΡΙ
- PYRI
- fire

45:11

(MT: 46:11)

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:11 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:11 in the LXX.
ΣΧΟΛΑΣΑΤΕ
- SCHOLASATE
- be-still
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΓΝΩΤΕ
- GNŌTE
- know
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- that
ἘΓΩ
- EGŌ
- I
ΕἸΜΙ
- EIMI
- am
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
ΥΨΩΘΗΣΟΜΑΙ
- YPSŌTHĒSOMAI
- I-will-be-exalted
ἘΝ
- EN
- among
ΤΟΙΣ
- TOIS
- the
ἘΘΝΕΣΙΝ
- ETHNESIN
- nations
ΥΨΩΘΗΣΟΜΑΙ
- YPSŌTHĒSOMAI
- I-will-be-exalted
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ΓΗ
- GĒ
- earth

45:12

Note: The text traditionally found at 45:12 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 44:12 in the LXX.
ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
- KYRIOS
- Lord
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΝ
- DYNAMEŌN
- powers
ΜΕΘ'
- METH'
- with
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- us
ἈΝΤΙΛΗΜΠΤΩΡ
- ANTILĒMPTŌR
- helper
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
Ο
- O
- the
ΘΕΟΣ
- THEOS
- God
ἸΑΚΩΒ
- IAKŌB
- Jacob

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5056

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G5228

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G2927

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kroo-FEE-ohn

Translations: of hidden things, of secret things, of secret places, of secret acts

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'κρυφός' (kruphos), meaning 'hidden' or 'secret'. It refers to things that are concealed, private, or not openly known. It is often used in contexts referring to secret actions, thoughts, or places. For example, it could describe 'the secrets of the heart' or 'hidden treasures'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΩΝ, ΑΦΑΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΥΦΟΣ comes from the verb κρύπτω (krypto), meaning 'to hide' or 'to conceal'. It is related to the concept of covering or putting something out of sight.

G5568

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psal-MOS

Translations: psalm, a psalm, song, a song

Notes: This word refers to a psalm or a sacred song, often accompanied by stringed instruments. It is commonly used in the context of religious hymns or poetic compositions, particularly those found in the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament. It can be used to describe the act of singing or playing such a song.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΜΝΟΣ, ΩΔΗ

Etymology: From ψάλλω (psallō, "to pluck, play a stringed instrument"). It originally referred to the plucking of a stringed instrument, then to the song sung to the accompaniment of such an instrument.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2625

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-foo-GAY

Translations: refuge, a refuge, asylum, a place of refuge, shelter

Notes: This word refers to a place or state of safety and protection, often sought in times of danger or distress. It can be used to describe a physical location that offers shelter, or a more abstract concept of security or a source of help. It is commonly used in contexts where someone seeks protection or solace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΣΥΛΟΝ, ΣΚΕΠΗ, ΒΟΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and φεύγω (pheugō, 'to flee'). It literally means 'a fleeing down to' or 'a fleeing for refuge'.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1411

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G0998

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: boh-ee-THOS

Translations: helper, a helper, assistant, aid

Notes: This word refers to someone who provides help or assistance. It can be used to describe a person who comes to the aid of another, or a divine being who offers support and deliverance. It is often used in a context of providing relief or succor in times of need.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΟΣ, ΑΡΩΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΗΘΟΣ (boēthos) is derived from the verb βοήθειν (boēthein), meaning 'to come to aid, to help'. This verb itself is a compound of βοή (boē), meaning 'a cry, a shout' (especially a cry for help), and θέω (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it literally means 'one who runs to a cry for help'.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2147

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-roo-SEH-sees

Translations: (to) those finding, (to) those having found

Notes: This word is a dative plural feminine present active participle of the verb 'ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ' (eurisko), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it refers to 'those (feminine) who are finding' or 'those who have found', and is used in a dative case context, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5015

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-RAS-ses-thai

Translations: to be troubled, to be disturbed, to be agitated, to be stirred up

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō). It describes the state of being troubled, disturbed, or agitated, often referring to a state of mental or emotional unrest, or physical commotion. It can be used to express that someone or something is experiencing inner turmoil or being stirred up by external forces.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΣΥΓΧΥΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'ταράσσω' (tarassō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stir, to disturb'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar meanings of agitation or confusion.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G2588

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-ais

Translations: (to) hearts, (in) hearts, (with) hearts

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of 'ΚΑΡΔΙΑ' (kardia), meaning 'heart'. In Koine Greek, 'heart' refers not only to the physical organ but also, more commonly, to the inner person, encompassing thoughts, emotions, will, and moral character. As a dative plural, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'in', or 'with', depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΑΙΣ, ΝΟΟΙΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1283

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ap-SAL-ma

Translations: interlude, musical interlude, pause, a musical interlude, a pause

Notes: This word refers to a musical interlude or a pause, often found in the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament) in the Psalms. It indicates a break in the text, likely for musical accompaniment or a change in musical performance. It functions as a noun in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and ΨΑΛΜΑ (psalma), meaning 'psalm' or 'song.' It literally suggests something that occurs 'through' or 'between' a psalm or musical piece.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4172

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4638

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: skay-NOH-mah

Translations: tent, tabernacle, dwelling, a dwelling, abode, a tent, a tabernacle

Notes: This word refers to a tent, a temporary dwelling, or a tabernacle. It can be used literally for a physical tent or metaphorically for a temporary earthly body or dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΗΝΗ, ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb σκηνόω (skēnoō), meaning 'to dwell in a tent, to tabernacle', which itself comes from σκηνή (skēnē), meaning 'tent, booth'.

G5310

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: HYP-sis-tos

Translations: highest, most high, Most High, a Most High

Notes: This word means 'highest' or 'most high'. It is often used as a title for God, referring to Him as 'the Most High'. When used as an adjective, it describes something as being at the greatest height or having the highest rank. When used as a noun, it refers to the one who is supreme, typically God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ is the superlative form, indicating the highest degree of height.

G4531

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sah-lev-THEE-seh-tai

Translations: will be shaken, will be moved, will be stirred, will be overthrown

Notes: This word describes something being shaken, moved, or disturbed, often with a sense of instability or upheaval. It is used to indicate that an object or person will experience a forceful movement or disturbance, potentially leading to its displacement or collapse. It can refer to physical shaking, like an earthquake, or metaphorically to the unsettling of beliefs or institutions.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΣΕΙΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G4383

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-po

Translations: (to) face, (to) presence, (to) person, (to) appearance, (to) countenance, (to) a face, (to) a presence, (to) a person, (to) an appearance, (to) a countenance

Notes: This word refers to the face, countenance, or appearance of a person. It can also be used to denote someone's presence or even the person themselves. In a broader sense, it can refer to the external aspect or surface of something. It is often used in contexts describing interaction or confrontation.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

G4531

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-sah-LEH-oo-thay

Translations: was shaken, was moved, was stirred, was tossed, was disturbed

Notes: This word describes something being shaken, moved, or disturbed, often with a sense of instability or agitation. It is used to describe physical objects like the earth or mountains being shaken, or metaphorically, people being disturbed or agitated. The form "ἘΣΑΛΕΥΘΗ" specifically indicates that the action happened in the past and the subject received the action (it was shaken, rather than it shook something).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΕΙΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΤΑΡΑΤΤΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G3326

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G0001

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-LEEM-ptor

Translations: helper, a helper, protector, a protector, defender, a defender, supporter, a supporter

Notes: This word refers to one who helps, protects, or supports another. It is often used in a context of divine assistance, describing God as a helper or defender. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive', thus conveying the idea of taking hold of someone to help them.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΩΤΗΡ, ΥΠΕΡΑΣΠΙΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΤΙΛΗΜΠΤΩΡ is derived from the verb ἀντιλαμβάνω (antilambanō), meaning 'to take hold of, to help, to assist'. It is formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G1205

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Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb

Sounds like: DEW-teh

Translations: Come!, Come!, Come here!, Come on!

Notes: This word is an imperative, meaning 'Come!' or 'Come here!'. It is used as an invitation or an exhortation to action, often followed by a subjunctive verb to indicate the purpose or result of coming. It can be used for both singular and plural subjects, though it is grammatically plural in form. For example, it might be used to say 'Come, let us go!'

Inflection: Imperative, Second Person, Plural (often used for singular as well)

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΕ, ΙΤΕ

Etymology: From an obsolete imperative of an uncontracted form of ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5087

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he made, she made, it made, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' 'to make,' or 'to appoint.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'He placed the book on the table' or 'She appointed him as leader.' The middle/passive voice suggests the subject either performed the action for themselves or had the action done to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΒΑΛΕΝ, ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ἘΘΗΚΕΝ

G5059

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-ra-ta

Translations: wonders, marvels, portents, omens

Notes: This word refers to extraordinary or unusual events, often with a supernatural or divine origin. It can denote a wonder or a marvel that inspires awe, or a portent or omen that serves as a sign of future events, often of a significant or calamitous nature. It is typically used in a plural form to describe a series of such events.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΑ, ΘΑΥΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'looking at' or 'observing' something remarkable.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G0000

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-ta-na-EE-ron

Translations: taking away in return, destroying in return, counteracting, one who takes away in return

Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from ἀντί (anti, 'against, in return'), ἀνά (ana, 'up, again'), and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, seize'). It describes the action of taking something away in opposition or return, or destroying something in response. It implies a reciprocal or opposing action of removal or destruction.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Etymology: The verb ἀνταναιρέω is a compound of three prepositions and a verb: ἀντί ('against, in return'), ἀνά ('up, again'), and αἱρέω ('to take, seize'). It literally means 'to take up against' or 'to take away in return'.

G3360

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G4009

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-RAH-tohn

Translations: of ends, of boundaries, of limits, of the uttermost parts, of the uttermost regions

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'πέρας' (peras), which means 'end', 'boundary', 'limit', or 'uttermost part'. As a genitive plural, 'περάτων' indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of the ends' or 'of the boundaries', referring to the extreme or furthest points of something, such as the earth or a region.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΟΡΙΟΝ, ΕΣΧΑΤΟΝ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the verb 'περάω' (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross over'. It refers to the point where something is crossed or completed.

G5115

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOX-on

Translations: bow, a bow

Notes: This word refers to a bow, typically used as a weapon for shooting arrows. It can also refer to anything curved or arched, like a rainbow. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object or subject, indicating the instrument itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΕΛΟΣ, ΤΟΞΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word "toxon" comes from an ancient Greek root, possibly related to the idea of bending or stretching. It is the source of English words like 'toxic' (from 'toxikon pharmakon', meaning 'bow poison', referring to poison used on arrows).

G2618

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-KOW-see

Translations: will burn up, will consume, will burn down

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn up' or 'to consume by fire'. It is often used to describe the complete destruction of something by burning. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb καίω (kaiō), meaning 'to burn'.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΕΚΚΑΙΩ, ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb κατακαίω (katakaiō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb καίω (kaiō), meaning 'to burn'. The prefix intensifies the action of burning, indicating complete consumption.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1473

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

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