Psalms Chapter 129, Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)

Psalms, Chapter 129

Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)

129:1
129:2
129:3
129:4
129:5
129:6
129:7
129:8

129:1

(MT: 130:1)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:1 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:1 in the LXX.
ὨΔΗ
- ŌDĒ
- song
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ἈΝΑΒΑΘΜΩΝ
- ANABATHMŌN
- ascents
ἘΚ
- EK
- out-of
ΒΑΘΕΩΝ
- BATHEŌN
- depths
ἘΚΕΚΡΑΞΑ
- EKEKRAXA
- I-cried-out
ΣΕ
- SE
- to-you
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord

129:2

(MT: 130:2)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:2 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:2 in the LXX.
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord
ΕἸΣΑΚΟΥΣΟΝ
- EISAKOUSON
- hear
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ΦΩΝΗΣ
- PHŌNĒS
- voice
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me
ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ
- GENĒTHĒTŌ
- let-be
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ὨΤΑ
- ŌTA
- ears
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΑ
- PROSECHONTA
- attentive
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- to
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΦΩΝΗΝ
- PHŌNĒN
- voice
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ΔΕΗΣΕΩΣ
- DEĒSEŌS
- petition
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me

129:3

(MT: 130:3)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:3 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:3 in the LXX.
ἘΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ἈΝΟΜΙΑΣ
- ANOMIAS
- lawlessnesses
ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΗΣΗ
- PARATĒRĒSĒ
- you-should-observe
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord
ΤΙΣ
- TIS
- who
ΥΠΟΣΤΗΣΗΤΑΙ
- YPOSTĒSĒTAI
- will-stand

129:4

(MT: 130:4)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:4 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:4 in the LXX.
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- because
ΠΑΡΑ
- PARA
- with
ΣΟΙ
- SOI
- you
Ο
- O
- the
ΙΛΑΣΜΟΣ
- ILASMOS
- forgiveness
ἘΣΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is
ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
- ENEKEN
- on-account-of
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ὈΝΟΜΑΤΟΣ
- ONOMATOS
- name
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you

129:5

(MT: 130:5)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:5 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:5 in the LXX.
ΥΠΕΜΕΙΝΑ
- YPEMEINA
- I-waited
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord
ΥΠΕΜΕΙΝΕΝ
- YPEMEINEN
- waited
Η
- Ē
- the
ΨΥΧΗ
- PSYCHĒ
- inner-person
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the
ΝΟΜΟΝ
- NOMON
- law
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- of-him

129:6

(MT: 130:6)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:6 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:6 in the LXX.
ἨΛΠΙΣΕΝ
- ĒLPISEN
- hoped
Η
- Ē
- the
ΨΥΧΗ
- PSYCHĒ
- inner-person
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- my
ἘΠΙ
- EPI
- on
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the
ΚΥΡΙΟΝ
- KYRION
- Lord
ἈΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΦΥΛΑΚΗΣ
- PHYLAKĒS
- of-watch
ΠΡΩΙΑΣ
- PRŌIAS
- of-morning
ΜΕΧΡΙ
- MECHRI
- until
ΝΥΚΤΟΣ
- NYKTOS
- of-night

129:7

(MT: 130:7)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:7 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:7 in the LXX.
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- because
ΠΑΡΑ
- PARA
- with
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ΚΥΡΙΩ
- KYRIŌ
- Lord
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ἘΛΕΟΣ
- ELEOS
- mercy
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΟΛΛΗ
- POLLĒ
- much
ΠΑΡ'
- PAR'
- with
ΑΥ̓ΤΩ
- AUTŌ
- him
ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ
- LYTRŌSIS
- redemption

129:8

(MT: 130:8)

Note: The text traditionally found at 129:8 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 128:8 in the LXX.
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ
- AUTOS
- he
ΛΥΤΡΩΣΕΤΑΙ
- LYTRŌSETAI
- will-redeem
ΤΟΝ
- TON
- the
ἸΣΡΑΗΛ
- ISRAĒL
- Israel
ἘΚ
- EK
- from
ΠΑΣΩΝ
- PASŌN
- all
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- the
ἈΝΟΜΙΩΝ
- ANOMIŌN
- lawlessnesses
ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- of-him

G0901

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-THEH-ohn

Translations: of deep things, from the depths, of depths

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΒΑΘΥΣ' (bathys), meaning 'deep' or 'profound'. It is often used to describe physical depth, like deep water or a deep pit, but can also refer to profound or hidden things, such as deep thoughts or the depths of one's being. In the genitive plural, it typically translates to 'of deep things' or 'from the depths', often implying a state of distress or a profound spiritual condition.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΒΥΘΟΣ, ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ

G2896

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-keh-KRAX-ah

Translations: I cried out, I shouted, I screamed

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κράζω' (krazō), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. It describes a past action of crying out or shouting, often with intensity or urgency, such as in prayer, distress, or proclamation. It can be used to describe a loud vocalization, whether of a human or an animal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΕΚΡΑΓΑ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'κράζω' (krazō) is of imitative origin, mimicking the sound of a cry or shout. It is related to other words describing loud noises or calls.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1096

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-nay-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' It is used here in the imperative mood, expressing a command or a wish for something to occur or come into existence. It often implies a process of change or development.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and becoming.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4337

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-E-khon-tah

Translations: paying attention, attending, giving heed, applying, being attentive, being near, holding to, adhering to

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσέχω' (prosechō), meaning 'to hold to,' 'to turn one's mind to,' or 'to pay attention to.' It describes someone or something that is actively giving heed, attending, or applying themselves to something. It can be used to describe a person who is attentive or a thing that is near or adhering.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word προσέχω (prosechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward,' and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' Thus, it literally means 'to hold toward' or 'to have toward,' which evolved into the sense of paying attention or applying oneself.

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G3907

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-TEE-ray-sees

Translations: observation, careful watching, outward show, a careful watching, an outward show

Notes: This word refers to a careful observation or watching, often implying a hostile or critical intent, or a mere outward display or show rather than an inner reality. It can be used in contexts where someone is being watched closely, or where an event is observed for signs.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΗ

Etymology: This word comes from the verb παρατηρέω (parateréō), meaning 'to observe carefully' or 'to watch closely'. It is formed from παρά (pará), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and τηρέω (teréō), meaning 'to watch' or 'to guard'.

G5101

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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3844

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G4771

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2434

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-las-MOS

Translations: propitiation, an atoning sacrifice, expiation

Notes: This word refers to the act of appeasing or making propitious, often in a religious context. It signifies a means by which sin is covered or atoned for, making reconciliation possible. It can describe the act itself or the means by which it is accomplished, such as a sacrifice.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΛΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΕΞΙΛΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate, to make atonement for'.

G1752

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EN-eh-ken

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of, (of) for, (of) by reason of

Notes: ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an improper preposition that typically takes the genitive case, meaning 'because of' or 'on account of'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It is used to express the cause or reason behind an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect; takes the genitive case when used as a preposition.

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an ancient Greek word, likely formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and a form related to 'heka' (on account of). It has been in use since classical Greek and continued into Koine Greek.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5590

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G3551

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G5438

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fy-LAH-kays

Translations: (of) guard, (of) prison, (of) watch, (of) custody, (of) a guard, (of) a prison, (of) a watch, (of) a custody

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding, a place of confinement like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can also refer to the people who are guarding or keeping watch. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the guard' or 'belonging to the prison'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

G3360

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH

Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1656

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity

Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3844

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3085

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loo-TROH-sis

Translations: redemption, a redemption, ransom, a ransom, deliverance, a deliverance

Notes: This word refers to the act of redeeming or ransoming, often involving the payment of a price to secure release or freedom. It signifies deliverance from bondage, captivity, or a state of penalty, achieved through a compensatory act. It can be used in contexts of buying back property, freeing slaves, or spiritual salvation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ is derived from the verb ΛΥΤΡΟΩ (lytroō), meaning 'to redeem' or 'to ransom', which itself comes from ΛΥΤΡΟΝ (lytron), meaning 'a ransom price'.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G2474

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

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