Psalms Chapter 89, Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)

Psalms, Chapter 89

Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)

89:1
89:2
89:3
89:4
89:5
89:6
89:7
89:8
89:9
89:10
89:11
89:12
89:13
89:14
89:15
89:16
89:17

89:1

(MT: 90:1)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:1 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:1 in the LXX.
ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ
- PROSEUCHĒ
- prayer
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΜΩΥΣΗ
- MŌUSĒ
- Moses
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΥ
- ANTHRŌPOU
- man
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- God
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord
ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΗ
- KATAPHYGĒ
- refuge
ΗΜΙΝ
- ĒMIN
- to-us
ἘΓΕΝΗΘΗΣ
- EGENĒTHĒS
- you-became
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΓΕΝΕΑ
- GENEA
- generation
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΓΕΝΕΑ
- GENEA
- generation

89:2

(MT: 90:2)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:2 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:2 in the LXX.
ΠΡΟ
- PRO
- before
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ὈΡΗ
- ORĒ
- mountains
ΓΕΝΗΘΗΝΑΙ
- GENĒTHĒNAI
- to-be-born
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΛΑΣΘΗΝΑΙ
- PLASTHĒNAI
- to-be-formed
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΓΗΝ
- GĒN
- earth
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΟἸΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ
- OIKOUMENĒN
- inhabited-earth
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἈΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΑἸΩΝΟΣ
- AIŌNOS
- age
ΕΩΣ
- EŌS
- until
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΑἸΩΝΟΣ
- AIŌNOS
- age
ΣΥ
- SY
- you
ΕἸ
- EI
- are

89:3

(MT: 90:3)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:3 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:3 in the LXX.
ΜΗ
- MĒ
- not
ἈΠΟΣΤΡΕΨΗΣ
- APOSTREPSĒS
- you-turn-away
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΝ
- ANTHRŌPON
- [a]-person
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΤΑΠΕΙΝΩΣΙΝ
- TAPEINŌSIN
- humiliation
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕἸΠΑΣ
- EIPAS
- you-said
ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΨΑΤΕ
- EPISTREPSATE
- return
ΥΙΟΙ
- UIOI
- sons
ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ
- ANTHRŌPŌN
- of-men

89:4

(MT: 90:4)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:4 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:4 in the LXX.
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- that
ΧΙΛΙΑ
- CHILIA
- [a]-thousand
ἘΤΗ
- ETĒ
- years
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ὈΦΘΑΛΜΟΙΣ
- OPHTHALMOIS
- eyes
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
Η
- Ē
- the
ΗΜΕΡΑ
- ĒMERA
- day
Η
- Ē
- the
ἘΧΘΕΣ
- ECHTHES
- yesterday
ΗΤΙΣ
- ĒTIS
- which
ΔΙΗΛΘΕΝ
- DIĒLTHEN
- passed-by
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΦΥΛΑΚΗ
- PHYLAKĒ
- [a]-watch
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΝΥΚΤΙ
- NYKTI
- night

89:5

(MT: 90:5)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:5 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:5 in the LXX.
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΞΟΥΔΕΝΩΜΑΤΑ
- EXOUDENŌMATA
- contemptible-things
ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- of-them
ἘΤΗ
- ETĒ
- years
ἘΣΟΝΤΑΙ
- ESONTAI
- will-be
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΠΡΩΙ
- PRŌI
- morning
ΩΣΕΙ
- ŌSEI
- like
ΧΛΟΗ
- CHLOĒ
- grass
ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΙ
- PARELTHOI
- may-pass-away

89:6

(MT: 90:6)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:6 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:6 in the LXX.
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΠΡΩΙ
- PRŌI
- morning
ἈΝΘΗΣΑΙ
- ANTHĒSAI
- it-blossoms
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΙ
- PARELTHOI
- it-passes-away
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΕΣΠΕΡΑΣ
- ESPERAS
- evening
ἈΠΟΠΕΣΟΙ
- APOPESOI
- it-falls-off
ΣΚΛΗΡΥΝΘΕΙΗ
- SKLĒRYNTHEIĒ
- it-is-hardened
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΞΗΡΑΝΘΕΙΗ
- XĒRANTHEIĒ
- it-is-dried-up

89:7

(MT: 90:7)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:7 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:7 in the LXX.
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- because
ἘΞΕΛΙΠΟΜΕΝ
- EXELIPOMEN
- we-fainted
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ὈΡΓΗ
- ORGĒ
- wrath
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ΘΥΜΩ
- THYMŌ
- anger
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ἘΤΑΡΑΧΘΗΜΕΝ
- ETARACHTHĒMEN
- we-were-troubled

89:8

(MT: 90:8)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:8 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:8 in the LXX.
ἘΘΟΥ
- ETHOU
- you-have-set
ΤΑΣ
- TAS
- the
ἈΝΟΜΙΑΣ
- ANOMIAS
- lawlessnesses
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ἘΝΩΠΙΟΝ
- ENŌPION
- before
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- you
Ο
- O
- the
ΑἸΩΝ
- AIŌN
- age
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ΕἸΣ
- EIS
- into
ΦΩΤΙΣΜΟΝ
- PHŌTISMON
- illumination
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΥ
- PROSŌPOU
- face
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you

89:9

(MT: 90:9)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:9 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:9 in the LXX.
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- because
ΠΑΣΑΙ
- PASAI
- all
ΑΙ
- AI
- the
ΗΜΕΡΑΙ
- ĒMERAI
- days
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ἘΞΕΛΙΠΟΝ
- EXELIPON
- failed
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- the
ὈΡΓΗ
- ORGĒ
- wrath
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ἘΞΕΛΙΠΟΜΕΝ
- EXELIPOMEN
- we-failed
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΤΗ
- ETĒ
- years
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ΩΣ
- ŌS
- as
ἈΡΑΧΝΗΝ
- ARACHNĒN
- [a] spider's-web
ἘΜΕΛΕΤΩΝ
- EMELETŌN
- they-meditated

89:10

(MT: 90:10)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:10 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:10 in the LXX.
ΑΙ
- AI
- the
ΗΜΕΡΑΙ
- ĒMERAI
- days
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ἘΤΩΝ
- ETŌN
- of-years
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ἘΝΙΑΥΤΟΙΣ
- ENIAUTOIS
- years
ΕΒΔΟΜΗΚΟΝΤΑ
- EBDOMĒKONTA
- seventy
ἘΤΗ
- ETĒ
- years
ἘΑΝ
- EAN
- if
ΔΕ
- DE
- but
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΙΑΙΣ
- DYNASTEIAIS
- strengths
ὈΓΔΟΗΚΟΝΤΑ
- OGDOĒKONTA
- eighty
ἘΤΗ
- ETĒ
- years
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
- PLEION
- more
ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- of-them
ΚΟΠΟΣ
- KOPOS
- toil
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΟΝΟΣ
- PONOS
- pain
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- because
ἘΠΗΛΘΕΝ
- EPĒLTHEN
- came-upon
ΠΡΑΥΤΗΣ
- PRAUTĒS
- gentleness
ἘΦ'
- EPH'
- upon
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΑΙΔΕΥΘΗΣΟΜΕΘΑ
- PAIDEUTHĒSOMETHA
- we-will-be-disciplined

89:11

(MT: 90:11)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:11 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:11 in the LXX.
ΤΙΣ
- TIS
- who
ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΙ
- GINŌSKEI
- knows
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
- KRATOS
- power
ΤΗΣ
- TĒS
- of-the
ὈΡΓΗΣ
- ORGĒS
- wrath
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἈΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- the
ΦΟΒΟΥ
- PHOBOU
- fear
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΘΥΜΟΥ
- THYMOU
- anger
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ἘΞΑΡΙΘΜΗΣΑΣΘΑΙ
- EXARITHMĒSASTHAI
- to-count-out

89:12

(MT: 90:12)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:12 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:12 in the LXX.
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΔΕΞΙΑΝ
- DEXIAN
- right-hand
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- your
ΓΝΩΡΙΣΟΝ
- GNŌRISON
- make-known
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΠΕΠΑΙΔΕΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ
- PEPAIDEUMENOUS
- instructed-ones
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
- KARDIA
- heart
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΣΟΦΙΑ
- SOPHIA
- wisdom

89:13

(MT: 90:13)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:13 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:13 in the LXX.
ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΨΟΝ
- EPISTREPSON
- turn-back
ΚΥΡΙΕ
- KYRIE
- Lord
ΕΩΣ
- EŌS
- until
ΠΟΤΕ
- POTE
- when
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΘΗΤΙ
- PARAKLĒTHĒTI
- be-comforted
ἘΠΙ
- EPI
- upon
ΤΟΙΣ
- TOIS
- to-the
ΔΟΥΛΟΙΣ
- DOULOIS
- servants
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you

89:14

(MT: 90:14)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:14 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:14 in the LXX.
ἘΝΕΠΛΗΣΘΗΜΕΝ
- ENEPLĒSTHĒMEN
- we-were-filled
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΠΡΩΙ
- PRŌI
- morning
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ἘΛΕΟΥΣ
- ELEOUS
- mercy
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- your
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἨΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΑΜΕΘΑ
- ĒGALLIASAMETHA
- we-rejoiced
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΥ̓ΦΡΑΝΘΗΜΕΝ
- EUPHRANTHĒMEN
- we-were-glad
ἘΝ
- EN
- in
ΠΑΣΑΙΣ
- PASAIS
- all
ΤΑΙΣ
- TAIS
- the
ΗΜΕΡΑΙΣ
- ĒMERAIS
- days
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- our

89:15

(MT: 90:15)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:15 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:15 in the LXX.
ἈΝΘ'
- ANTH'
- instead-of
ΩΝ
- ŌN
- which
ΗΜΕΡΩΝ
- ĒMERŌN
- days
ἘΤΑΠΕΙΝΩΣΑΣ
- ETAPEINŌSAS
- you-humbled
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us
ἘΤΩΝ
- ETŌN
- years
ΩΝ
- ŌN
- which
ΕἸΔΟΜΕΝ
- EIDOMEN
- we-saw
ΚΑΚΑ
- KAKA
- evils

89:16

(MT: 90:16)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:16 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:16 in the LXX.
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἸΔΕ
- IDE
- look
ἘΠΙ
- EPI
- upon
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΔΟΥΛΟΥΣ
- DOULOUS
- servants
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- your
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΡΓΑ
- ERGA
- works
ΣΟΥ
- SOU
- your
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΟΔΗΓΗΣΟΝ
- ODĒGĒSON
- lead
ΤΟΥΣ
- TOUS
- the
ΥΙΟΥΣ
- UIOUS
- sons
ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ
- AUTŌN
- their

89:17

(MT: 90:17)

Note: The text traditionally found at 89:17 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 88:17 in the LXX.
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ἘΣΤΩ
- ESTŌ
- let-it-be
Η
- Ē
- the
ΛΑΜΠΡΟΤΗΣ
- LAMPROTĒS
- splendor
ΚΥΡΙΟΥ
- KYRIOU
- of-Lord
ΘΕΟΥ
- THEOU
- of-God
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ἘΦ'
- EPH'
- upon
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ἘΡΓΑ
- ERGA
- works
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ΧΕΙΡΩΝ
- CHEIRŌN
- of-hands
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us
ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΟΝ
- KATEUTHYNON
- establish
ἘΦ'
- EPH'
- upon
ΗΜΑΣ
- ĒMAS
- us

G4335

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-YOO-khee

Translations: prayer, a prayer, supplication

Notes: This word refers to an act of prayer or supplication, a communication with God or a deity. It is commonly used to describe the act of worship or a specific request made in prayer. It can be used in contexts ranging from personal devotion to public worship.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΥΧΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσεύχομαι (proseúkhomai, “to pray”), from πρός (prós, “to, toward”) + εὔχομαι (eúkhomai, “to pray, to wish”). It literally means 'a prayer directed towards'.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2625

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-foo-GAY

Translations: refuge, a refuge, asylum, a place of refuge, shelter

Notes: This word refers to a place or state of safety and protection, often sought in times of danger or distress. It can be used to describe a physical location that offers shelter, or a more abstract concept of security or a source of help. It is commonly used in contexts where someone seeks protection or solace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΣΥΛΟΝ, ΣΚΕΠΗ, ΒΟΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and φεύγω (pheugō, 'to flee'). It literally means 'a fleeing down to' or 'a fleeing for refuge'.

G1096

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thees

Translations: you became, you were born, you came to be, you were made

Notes: This word is the second person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It means 'you became' or 'you were born/made'. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed, with the subject being the recipient of the action (passive voice). For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'You became a great leader' or 'You were born in that city'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1074

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-neh-AH

Translations: generation, an age, a race, a kind, a generation, an age

Notes: This word refers to a generation, meaning a period of time (typically around 30-40 years), or a group of people born around the same time. It can also denote a race, lineage, or family, or even a particular kind or class of people. It is used to describe a succession of people or a specific era.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to come into being, to be born, to become'. It refers to that which is begotten or produced.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4253

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1096

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-nay-THEE-nai

Translations: to become, to be, to come into being, to happen, to arise, to be made

Notes: This is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be'. It expresses the idea of something coming into existence, happening, or being made. As an infinitive, it often functions like a verbal noun, indicating the purpose or result of an action, or simply the action itself without a specific subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΦΥΟΜΑΙ

G4111

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: plas-THEE-nai

Translations: to be formed, to be molded, to be fashioned, to be created

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive of the verb 'πλάσσω'. It means 'to be formed', 'to be molded', or 'to be fashioned'. It describes the action of something being shaped or created, often from a raw material, by an external agent. For example, it can be used to describe the creation of the earth or a human being.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΤΙΣΘΗΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'πλάσσω' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread' or 'to mold'. It is related to words describing shaping or forming with the hands.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G3625

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nen

Translations: the inhabited earth, the world, the Roman Empire

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, often specifically the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It can also refer more generally to the entire world or a specific region that is populated. It is used to describe the scope of events or authority, such as a decree affecting the whole world.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present passive participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'that which is inhabited'.

G2193

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1519, G1487, G1488

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0654

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-os-TREP-sees

Translations: turn away, avert, reject, return, turn back

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Together, it means to turn away from something or someone, to avert, or to reject. It can also mean to turn back or return. It is often used in a moral sense, referring to turning away from evil or turning back to God.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΤΡΕΠΩ

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1994

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sah-teh

Translations: return, turn back, turn around, convert

Notes: This word means to turn around, to return, or to convert. It can be used literally to describe a physical turning or returning to a place or person. It is also frequently used metaphorically to describe a spiritual turning or conversion, often implying repentance and a change of direction in one's life towards God.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.

G0444

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G5613

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3748

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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HEE-tis

Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever

Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).

G5438

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LAH-kay

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a place of confinement like a prison, or the act of guarding or keeping. It can also denote a watch or a period of time during which a watch is kept, such as a night watch. It is used to describe both the person who guards and the place or action of guarding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, or preserve'.

G3571

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1510

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SON-tai

Translations: they will be, they shall be

Notes: This word is the third person plural future indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It signifies that a group of subjects will exist or will be in a particular state or condition at some point in the future. It is used to express future existence, identity, or a future state of being for multiple entities.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to the earliest stages of the Indo-European language family.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4404

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G5616

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-say

Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly

Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."

G3928

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EL-thoy

Translations: pass by, pass away, go by, come, arrive, neglect, transgress, disregard

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'along') and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It generally means 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. It can refer to time passing, or to a person or thing moving past something. In some contexts, it can also mean to neglect or transgress, implying that one has 'passed over' a rule or duty. It is used to describe things that come to an end or cease to exist.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G0638

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-PEH-soy

Translations: fall off, fall away, fall from, fail, be cast down

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπό- (apo-, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb πίπτω (piptō, meaning 'to fall'). It signifies the action of falling off, falling away from something, or failing. It can describe something physically detaching or metaphorically losing status, power, or support.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποπίπτω is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G1578

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eh-LEE-poh-men

Translations: we failed, we ceased, we fainted, we vanished, we came to an end, we were consumed, we were spent

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. Together, it means to fail, cease, faint, or come to an end. It describes a state of depletion or termination, often implying a complete cessation of something, such as strength, life, or resources. It can be used to describe things like a supply running out, a person's strength giving way, or a lineage dying out.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3709

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAY

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often violent, emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous wrath against sin. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΧΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to work, to do'. The word originally referred to an 'impulse' or 'disposition', which then developed into the meaning of 'anger' or 'wrath' as an internal working or agitation.

G2372

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-MOH

Translations: (to) passion, (to) anger, (to) wrath, (to) indignation, (to) rage, (to) fury, (to) spirit, (to) soul

Notes: This word refers to a strong emotion, often negative, such as anger, wrath, or indignation. It can also refer to the seat of emotions, like the spirit or soul. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It originally referred to the soul or spirit as the principle of life, and later came to denote strong feelings or passions.

G5087

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thoo

Translations: you put, you placed, you laid, you made, you appointed, put, place, lay, make, appoint

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, lay, make, or appoint'. It can function as an aorist middle indicative, meaning 'you put/placed/laid/made/appointed', or as an aorist middle imperative, meaning 'put/place/lay/make/appoint' (addressed to a single person). It describes an action of setting something down or establishing something.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative or Imperative

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word τίθημι comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put, place'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of setting or placing.

G1799

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0165

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-OHN

Translations: age, an age, eternity, forever, world, a world

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, an age, or eternity. It can also refer to the world or the universe, especially in a temporal sense, like 'this present age' or 'the age to come'. When used with a preposition, it often means 'forever' or 'for eternity'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete primary word αἰεί (aiei), meaning 'always'. It refers to a period of time, an age, or eternity.

G4383

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G0741

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-RAKH-nayn

Translations: spider, a spider, spider's web, a spider's web

Notes: This word refers to a spider or, by extension, a spider's web. It is used to describe something fragile, easily destroyed, or fleeting, much like a spider's web can be swept away. In the provided context, it emphasizes the transient or vulnerable nature of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word "ἈΡΑΧΝΗ" comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a spider. It is the source of the English word "arachnid" and related terms.

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4119

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-ee-on

Translations: more, greater, longer, a longer time, the majority, the greater part, a greater thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πλείων' (pleiōn), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or duration of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, or as an adverb meaning 'more' or 'longer'. When used with a definite article, it can mean 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G2873

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KO-pos

Translations: toil, labor, trouble, a toil, a labor, a trouble

Notes: This word refers to strenuous effort, hard work, or the trouble and weariness that results from such effort. It implies a sense of burden or difficulty. It can be used to describe physical exertion or mental anguish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΟΧΘΟΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, to cut, to beat'. The noun refers to the result of such strenuous action, implying weariness or effort.

G3557

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-nos

Translations: toil, labor, pain, suffering, distress, a toil, a labor, a pain, a suffering, a distress

Notes: This word refers to physical exertion, hard work, or the effort involved in an activity. It can also denote the resulting pain, suffering, or distress that comes from such labor or from a difficult situation. It is often used in contexts describing the hardships or afflictions one might endure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ

Etymology: From the root *pen-, meaning 'to toil, labor'. It is related to the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to work hard, suffer'.

G1909, G2064

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AYL-then

Translations: came upon, came over, came, went, arrived, attacked, befell

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' In this form, it means 'he/she/it came upon,' 'came over,' 'befell,' or 'attacked.' It describes an action of coming or going that has an impact or effect on something or someone, often implying an arrival or an onset, such as a curse or a calamity coming upon someone.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΗΛΘΕΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΗΛΘΕΝ

G4240

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: prah-OO-tays

Translations: gentleness, meekness, humility, consideration

Notes: This word refers to a disposition of gentleness, meekness, or humility. It describes a quality of character that is mild, gentle, and considerate, often in the face of provocation or adversity. It is not weakness, but rather strength under control, showing patience and forbearance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word prautēs is derived from the adjective praus (πραΰς), meaning 'mild' or 'gentle'. It describes the quality of being gentle or meek.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3811

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: py-dehv-THEE-so-me-tha

Translations: we will be disciplined, we will be instructed, we will be trained, we will be educated, we will be chastened

Notes: This is a verb indicating future action in the passive voice. It means 'we will be disciplined,' 'we will be instructed,' or 'we will be trained.' It implies receiving education, correction, or chastening, often with the aim of moral or spiritual improvement. It is a compound word, derived from 'παις' (child) and 'διδάσκω' (to teach).

Inflection: First Person Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΜΕΘΑ, ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΟΜΕΘΑ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΟΥΜΕΘΑ

G5101

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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1097

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NOH-skay

Translations: knows, understands, perceives

Notes: This word means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It refers to gaining knowledge through experience or observation, or having an intimate understanding of something or someone. It is often used to describe a deep, personal knowledge rather than just factual information. In a sentence, it would function as the main verb, indicating that someone 'knows' or 'understands' something.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present tense, Active voice, Indicative mood

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G2904

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2372

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THY-moo

Translations: (of) passion, (of) anger, (of) wrath, (of) indignation, (of) a passion, (of) an anger, (of) a wrath, (of) an indignation

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense and sudden, emotional outburst or passion. It can denote anger, wrath, or indignation, often with the implication of a boiling or surging emotion. It describes a powerful emotional state, sometimes referring to the seat of emotions or the soul itself.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to rush, to rage', referring to a strong, often violent, emotional state.

G1800

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ar-ith-MEH-sas-thai

Translations: to count out, to number, to enumerate, to reckon, to calculate

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ/ἐξ (out of, from) and the verb ἀριθμέω (to count). It means to count out, to number, or to enumerate something completely. It implies a thorough and exhaustive counting or reckoning. It is often used in contexts where a precise tally or inventory is being made.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΡΙΘΜΕΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3811

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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: peh-peh-thev-MEH-noos

Translations: educated, trained, disciplined, instructed, corrected, chastened, the educated, those who have been trained, those who have been disciplined

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'παιδεύω' (paideuō), meaning 'to educate,' 'to train,' 'to discipline,' or 'to instruct.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of the verb. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'educated' or 'trained,' or as a noun, referring to 'the educated ones' or 'those who have been trained.' In this form, it is used to describe a group of people who have received instruction or discipline.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΧΘΕΝΤΑΣ, ΜΕΜΑΘΗΚΟΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΗΜΟΝΑΣ

G1994

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TREP-son

Translations: turn, return, turn back, convert, restore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn, return, or turn back. It can be used to describe a physical turning movement, or a metaphorical turning, such as returning to a previous state, converting to a new belief, or restoring something. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to turn or return.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.

G4218

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G0021

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-gal-lee-AH-sah-meh-tha

Translations: we rejoiced, we exulted, we were overjoyed

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to rejoice greatly' or 'to exult'. It describes a strong feeling of joy or triumph. In a sentence, it would be used to express that a group of people experienced intense happiness or celebration.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent), Past Tense

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: From ἀγαλλίασις (agalliasis), meaning 'exultation', which comes from ἀγαλλιάω (agalliaō).

G2165

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-FRAHN-thay-men

Translations: we rejoiced, we were glad, we were made joyful

Notes: This word is the first person plural, aorist, indicative, passive form of the verb 'euphrainō'. It means 'we rejoiced' or 'we were made joyful'. It describes a state of being filled with joy or gladness, often implying that the joy was received or experienced rather than actively created. It can be used in sentences to express a collective feeling of happiness or celebration.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ἈΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ

G3956

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-SAIS

Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, all

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is used with feminine plural nouns in the dative case, often indicating the means, instrument, or indirect object.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (to protect, pasture, feed). It developed into the sense of 'all' or 'every' in Greek.

G0444

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G1492

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-doh-men

Translations: we saw, we have seen

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. It indicates a completed action of seeing or perceiving in the past, performed by 'we'. It can be used in sentences like 'we saw the light' or 'we perceived the truth'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G2556

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kah

Translations: evil things, bad things, evils, misfortunes, troubles, a bad thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As 'ΚΑΚΑ', it typically functions as a neuter plural noun or adjective, referring to 'evil things', 'bad things', 'misfortunes', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are morally wrong, harmful, or unpleasant. For example, it can be used to speak of calamities or wicked deeds.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΑ, ΦΑΥΛΑ, ΒΛΑΒΕΡΑ

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G2720

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tef-THOO-non

Translations: direct, guide, make straight, lead, prosper

Notes: This verb means to make straight, to direct, or to guide. It can also imply leading someone or something towards a goal, or causing something to prosper or succeed. It is often used in contexts where divine guidance or intervention is involved in directing paths or outcomes.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΗΓΕΩ, ΙΘΥΝΩ, ΕΥΘΥΝΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and εὐθύνω (euthynō), meaning 'to make straight' or 'to guide'.

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