Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / Dialogue with Trypho the Jew / Chapter 142Dialogue with Trypho the Jew, Chapter 142
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G4214
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: PO-son
Translations: how much, how great, what quantity, a quantity, a sum
Notes: This word is an interrogative or relative adjective and noun, meaning 'how much' or 'what quantity'. It refers to an amount, size, or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun to ask about its quantity (e.g., 'how much money?'). As a noun, it refers to a specific quantity or sum (e.g., 'a certain amount').
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and indicating quantity or degree.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G5172
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: TROO-fone
Translations: Tryphon
Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.
G1907
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-is-KHON
Translations: having held back, having stopped, having waited, having delayed, having paid attention
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epechō', meaning 'to hold upon', 'to hold back', 'to stop', 'to delay', or 'to pay attention to'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often indicating a preceding or concurrent action relative to the main verb in a sentence. In the provided examples, it conveys the sense of 'having waited' or 'having delayed'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ, ΑΝΕΧΩΝ, ΚΩΛΥΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'epechō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, over) and the verb 'echō' (to have, to hold).
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-RAHS
Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you understand
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It is used when referring to the act of seeing with one's eyes, but can also extend to understanding or perceiving something mentally. It is often used in the sense of 'behold' or 'take heed'.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΙΔΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-fay
Translations: he said, she said, it said, he spoke, she spoke, it spoke
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said or spoke in the past, often translated as 'he said' or 'she said'. It can be used in various contexts to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΕΝ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G2039
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-tay-DEW-seh-ohs
Translations: of pursuit, of practice, of study, of custom, of habit, of occupation, of a pursuit, of a practice, of a study, of a custom, of a habit, of an occupation
Notes: This word refers to a pursuit, practice, study, custom, habit, or occupation. It describes an activity or way of life that one engages in, often with diligence or intention. It can refer to a specific course of action or a general manner of living.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΜΕΛΕΤΗ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen
Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being
Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G4820
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-bal-EIN
Translations: to throw together, to bring together, to meet, to encounter, to contribute, to confer, to engage in battle, to join battle, to come to an agreement, to compare, to consider
Notes: This is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ, which is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (together with) and ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw). It means to throw or bring things together, which can lead to various meanings depending on the context, such as meeting someone, contributing to something, engaging in a discussion, or even joining in battle.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1841
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ex-AI-re-tos
Translations: especially, pre-eminently, peculiarly, exceedingly
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially' or 'pre-eminently'. It is used to emphasize that something is done or exists in a special, exceptional, or outstanding way, distinguishing it from others. It can also mean 'exceedingly' or 'peculiarly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΞΑΙΡΕΤΩΣ is derived from the verb ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ (exaireō), meaning 'to take out, to choose, to remove', and the suffix -ως, which forms adverbs. It literally means 'in an exceptional way' or 'taken out from the rest'.
G2237
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAY-sthen
Translations: I was pleased, I delighted, I rejoiced, I enjoyed
Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'hēdomai', meaning 'to be pleased' or 'to delight in'. It describes an action where the subject experienced pleasure or enjoyment, often from an external source or circumstance. It indicates a past, completed action of feeling delight.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ
Etymology: The verb ἥδομαι (hēdomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweh₂d- meaning 'sweet, pleasant'. It is related to words like 'sweet' in English.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4926
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-oo-SEE-ah
Translations: company, association, intercourse, sexual intercourse, a company, an association
Notes: This word refers to the act of being together or associating with others, signifying companionship or a gathering. It can also refer to a more intimate form of interaction, specifically sexual intercourse. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'οὐσία' (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and οὐσία (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'. It literally means 'a being together'.
G3670
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GOH
Translations: confess, acknowledge, profess, agree, give thanks, praise
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to speak the same thing' or 'to agree with'. It is used to express confession, acknowledgment, or agreement, often in a formal or public sense. It can also mean to give thanks or praise, especially in a religious context. For example, one might confess sins, acknowledge a truth, or profess faith.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΩ is a compound of two Greek words: ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'common', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word', 'speech', or 'reason'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to speak the same word' or 'to be of the same mind'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toos
Translations: these, those
Notes: This word is the accusative plural masculine form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos). It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are near in proximity or time, or that have just been mentioned. It functions like 'these' or 'those' in English, often referring to a group of males or a group of mixed gender.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ
G3633
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-mahee
Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe
Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person personal pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession, agency, or association, depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Common Gender
Synonyms: ΜΟΙ
G1303
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-THEES-thigh
Translations: to arrange, to dispose, to make a covenant, to appoint, to settle, to be disposed
Notes: This word is the perfect middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'διατίθημι'. It means 'to have arranged oneself' or 'to have been arranged/disposed'. In a legal or religious context, it can mean 'to have made a covenant' or 'to have appointed'. It describes a state of having been set up or disposed in a certain way, often with a sense of purpose or agreement.
Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word διατίθημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. The combination suggests placing things in order or arranging them thoroughly.
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-on
Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides
Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ROH-men
Translations: we found, we have found, we discovered, we have discovered
Notes: This is the first person plural, aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ευρίσκω' (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past. It is used to express that a group of people (we) found or discovered something.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G4328
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eh-do-KO-men
Translations: we were expecting, we were looking for, we were waiting for
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to expect,' 'to look for,' or 'to wait for.' It describes an action of anticipation or looking forward to something, often with a sense of eager expectation or patient waiting. It is typically used to describe a continuous or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and ΔΟΚΑΩ (dokao), which is related to ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeo), meaning 'to seem' or 'to think.' Thus, it conveys the idea of 'thinking towards' or 'looking towards' something.
G4328
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-doh-kee-THAY-nai
Translations: to be expected, to be looked for, to be awaited
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb προσδοκάω (prosdokao), meaning 'to expect' or 'to look for'. As a passive infinitive, it means 'to be expected' or 'to be looked for'. It describes an action that is anticipated or awaited by someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΖΩ, ΠΕΡΙΜΕΝΩ
G4218
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-teh
Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.
G1415
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doo-NAH-ton
Translations: able, powerful, mighty, possible, strong, a powerful one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being able, powerful, or mighty. It can refer to a person who is strong or influential, or to something that is possible or feasible. It is often used to describe God's power or the power of individuals.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G4920
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: soon-ekh-es-TEH-ron
Translations: more continuously, more frequently, more constantly, more persistently, more closely, more often, a more continuous, a more frequent, a more constant
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'συνεχής' (syneches), meaning 'continuous' or 'constant'. As an adverb, it means 'more continuously' or 'more frequently'. As a neuter singular adjective, it means 'a more continuous' or 'a more frequent' thing. It describes something happening with greater regularity, persistence, or closeness.
Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'συνεχής' (syneches) is derived from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἔχω' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'holding together' or 'continuous'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G5623
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-feh-lee-THEY-men
Translations: we might be benefited, we might be profited, we might be helped, we might be advantaged
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be benefited' or 'to be helped'. It is used to express the idea of gaining advantage or profit from something. The form indicates a potential or desired outcome, suggesting that the action of being benefited is contingent or hoped for.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ, ΩΦΕΛΕΩ
G1839
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ex-eh-TAH-zon-tes
Translations: examining, inquiring, searching, investigating, those who examine, while examining
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of examining, inquiring, or investigating. It describes someone or a group of people who are in the process of scrutinizing or questioning something. It can be used to describe the action itself or the people performing the action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ἘΡΕΥΝΩΝΤΕΣ, ΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-goos
Translations: words, sayings, accounts, messages, statements, reports
Notes: This word is the plural accusative form of 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. In this form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'words' or 'accounts' that are being acted upon. It can refer to spoken words, written accounts, or even divine pronouncements.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΗ, ΜΥΘΟΙ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: ep-AY-day
Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-see
Translations: he says, she says, it says
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone or something is saying in the present tense. For example, 'he says that...' or 'it says in the book...'.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G0321
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-go-GAY
Translations: leading up, ascent, spiritual interpretation, allegorical interpretation, a spiritual interpretation
Notes: This word refers to a leading up or an ascent. In a theological or philosophical context, it often denotes a spiritual or allegorical interpretation of a text, especially scripture, where the literal meaning is transcended to reveal a deeper, higher, or mystical sense. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'ἀγωγή' (agoge), meaning 'a leading' or 'guidance'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ἘΞΗΓΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the noun ἀγωγή (agoge), meaning 'a leading' or 'guidance', which itself comes from the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEE-meh-ran
Translations: day, a day
Notes: This is a feminine noun meaning 'day'. It refers to a period of 24 hours, or more generally, a specific point in time or an era. It is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions that take the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G4144
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLOO-n
Translations: voyage, a voyage, sailing, a sailing
Notes: This word refers to a voyage or a sailing journey. It is typically used to describe the act of traveling by sea, often in the context of a ship's passage. It can be used as the direct object of a verb, indicating the journey itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΑΥΣΙΠΛΟΙΑ, ΠΛΟΙΟΝ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-sthai
Translations: to make, to do, to create, to produce, to perform, to cause, to bring about, to appoint, to observe, to celebrate
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). It generally means 'to make' or 'to do', but in the middle voice, it often implies 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', or 'to cause to be done'. It can also be used idiomatically in various contexts, such as 'to perform' an action, 'to celebrate' a festival, or 'to appoint' someone. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G4328
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-do-KAS
Translations: you expect, you wait for, you look for, you anticipate
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'pros-dok-ah-oh', meaning to expect, wait for, or look for. It describes the act of anticipating something, whether good or bad, and is often used in the context of waiting for future events or people. It can be used in sentences like 'You expect the king' or 'You wait for the coming of the Lord'.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ΔΟΚΑΩ (dokaō), which is related to ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō), meaning 'to seem' or 'to think'. Thus, it conveys the idea of 'thinking towards' or 'looking towards' something in expectation.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3635
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OK-neh
Translations: hesitate, delay, shrink from, be reluctant, be afraid
Notes: This verb means to hesitate, delay, or shrink from doing something, often due to fear or reluctance. It implies a lack of willingness or a pause before action. It can be used in contexts where someone is reluctant to undertake a task or is afraid to proceed.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ, ΜΕΛΛΩ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G5384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fee-LON
Translations: of friends, friends
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'beloved'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of friends' or simply 'friends' when the context implies possession or association. For example, 'the house of friends' or 'among friends'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G3403
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mem-NEES-thai
Translations: to remember, to be mindful of, to make mention of
Notes: This is the perfect infinitive form of the verb 'mimnēskō', meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of'. It is often used with the genitive case to indicate what is being remembered or mentioned. For example, one might 'remember a person' or 'make mention of an event'.
Inflection: Perfect Infinitive, Middle/Passive Voice, All Genders, All Cases
Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to think, to remember'. It is related to the Greek word 'mnēmē' (memory).
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G0052
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pal-la-GAYS
Translations: deliverance, release, freedom, a deliverance, a release, a freedom
Notes: This word refers to a deliverance, release, or freedom from something, often from a difficult or undesirable situation. It describes the act of being set free or obtaining relief. It is typically used in contexts where someone is freed from a burden, suffering, or obligation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ, ΛΥΣΙΣ, ἈΦΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ἀπαλλαγή (apallagē) comes from the verb ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō), meaning 'to set free, release, deliver'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from, away from', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change, alter'. Thus, it conveys the idea of a change away from a state of confinement or difficulty.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rin
Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-FAYN
Translations: I said, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'he/she/it said' depending on the context. It can refer to a specific utterance or a general statement made previously.
Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, Singular, First or Third Person
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: The verb φημί (phēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- meaning 'to speak, tell, say'. It is related to Latin fari ('to speak') and English 'ban' (in the sense of proclamation).
G1961
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PEH-meh-non
Translations: they were remaining, they continued, they were abiding, they were persevering, they were persisting
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Together, it means to remain in a place, continue in a state or action, persevere, or persist. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ
G1014
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-boo-LOH-men
Translations: I wished, I wanted, I desired, I purposed, I intended
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a desire, wish, or intention. It describes a state of wanting or purposing something, often implying a deliberate choice or a strong inclination. It is used to express what someone was wishing or intending to do.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: tow-TOO
Translations: the same, the same thing, it
Notes: This word is a contraction of the neuter singular definite article 'τὸ' (to) and the pronoun/adjective 'αὐτὸ' (auto), meaning 'the same' or 'it'. It is used to refer to something previously mentioned, emphasizing its identity or sameness. It can function as a pronoun meaning 'the same thing' or as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ghee-NES-thai
Translations: to become, to happen, to be, to come into being, to be born, to arise, to come to pass
Notes: This verb is very common in Koine Greek and has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to something coming into existence, happening, or changing state. It can describe a process of becoming, an event taking place, or a person being born. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.
G0321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-akh-thee-SEH-ses-thai
Translations: to be led up, to be brought up, to set sail, to put to sea
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and ἄγω (ago, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). In its passive form, it means 'to be led up' or 'to be brought up'. When referring to ships, it means 'to put to sea' or 'to set sail', indicating the action of a ship being led out from shore into the open water. It describes an action that will happen in the future and is being done to the subject.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΛΕΩ, ΕΚΠΛΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀνάγω (anago) is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The combination signifies leading or bringing something upwards or back.
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G4328
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pros-do-KOHN
Translations: expecting, waiting for, looking for, looking forward to
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'expecting' or 'waiting for'. It describes an ongoing action of anticipation. It is often used to indicate someone who is looking forward to an event or outcome, whether good or bad. It can be used in a sentence like 'The people were expecting the king's arrival' or 'He was waiting for the sign'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word προσδοκάω (prosdokao) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and δοκάω (dokao), which is related to δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Thus, it conveys the idea of looking towards something with the expectation of receiving or encountering it.
G2010
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pon-tos
Translations: permitting, allowing, entrusting, giving permission, giving leave, yielding, committing, a permitting, an allowing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'permitting' or 'allowing'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used in a genitive absolute construction, where it indicates a circumstance or condition under which something else happens, such as 'when someone permits' or 'with someone's permission'. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4903
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: soon-er-GOON-tos
Translations: (of) working with, (of) cooperating, (of) helping, (of) assisting
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'synergeō', meaning 'to work together with', 'to cooperate', or 'to help'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the act of working together or cooperating. It implies a joint effort or assistance in a task or situation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'synergeō' is a compound word formed from 'syn' (σύν), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ergon' (ἔργον), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'to work together'.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G4389
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-TREP-oh-my
Translations: to exhort, to encourage, to urge, to persuade
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and 'τρέπω' (trepo), meaning 'to turn.' It signifies the act of turning someone forward or towards something, hence to exhort, encourage, or urge them to do something. It is often used in the middle voice, indicating that the action is done for oneself or with oneself as the subject, but in this case, it functions as a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Deponent, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'πρό' (pro, 'before, forward') and 'τρέπω' (trepō, 'to turn'). The combination suggests 'to turn forward' or 'to direct towards'.
G1764
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: en-stee-SAH-me-noos
Translations: having stood in, having stood among, having been present, having been imminent, having been at hand, having been urgent
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'enistēmi', meaning 'to stand in or among', 'to be present', 'to be imminent', or 'to be urgent'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, often indicating a state or condition resulting from the action. It can describe someone who has taken a stand, or something that has become present or urgent.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ἘΦΕΣΤΩΣ, ἘΓΓΙΖΩΝ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TON
Translations: (of) themselves, their own
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or possession relates to the subject itself. It is used to emphasize that the subject is acting upon or possessing something related to itself, rather than someone or something else.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G4991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-tay-REE-as
Translations: of salvation, of deliverance, of preservation, of safety
Notes: This word refers to the act or state of being saved, delivered, or preserved from danger, destruction, or evil. It can also mean safety or well-being. In a religious context, it often refers to spiritual salvation. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-giss-ton
Translations: greatest, largest, most important, a greatest thing
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. Therefore, 'μέγιστον' translates to 'greatest', 'largest', or 'most important'. It is used to describe something that surpasses all others in size, importance, or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating the highest degree of a quality.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'μέγας' (megas), from which 'μέγιστον' is derived, comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G0007
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GOHN-ah
Translations: contest, struggle, fight, race, conflict, a contest, a struggle, a fight, a race, a conflict
Notes: This word refers to a gathering, assembly, or place of assembly, especially for games or a contest. It can also denote the contest itself, a struggle, a fight, or a race. It is often used metaphorically to describe a spiritual or moral struggle, or a strenuous effort.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΘΛΟΣ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΜΑΧΗ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1320
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-DAS-kah-lohn
Translations: of teachers, teachers
Notes: This word refers to those who teach or instruct. It is a compound word, derived from the verb 'διδάσκω' (didaskō), meaning 'to teach', and the suffix '-καλος' (-kalos), which denotes a person who performs the action. It is used to describe instructors, masters, or those who impart knowledge or doctrine.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΑΒΒΙ, ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G4704
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: spoo-DAH-sai
Translations: to be diligent, to make haste, to strive, to endeavor, to be eager, to give diligence, to do one's best
Notes: This word describes the act of being diligent, making an effort, or striving to achieve something. It conveys a sense of earnestness and eagerness in one's actions. It can be used to express the need to act quickly or to apply oneself with zeal to a task.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive or Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΤΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
G4384
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-tee-MAY-sai
Translations: to prefer, to honor before, to value more highly
Notes: This verb means to prefer something or someone over another, to hold in higher esteem, or to value more highly. It implies making a choice where one option is considered superior or more desirable than others. It can be used in contexts of choosing between actions, people, or objects.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΚΡΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word προτιμάω (protimaō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. Thus, it literally means 'to honor before' or 'to value before'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3841
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pan-to-KRA-to-ros
Translations: of the Almighty, of the Omnipotent, of the Ruler of all
Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'all-ruling' or 'all-powerful'. It is often used as an epithet for God, emphasizing His supreme power and authority over all creation. It describes someone who holds absolute power and dominion.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRIS-ton
Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, signifying his role as the promised deliverer. It is often used with the definite article 'the' (the Christ) or as a proper name (Christ). As an accusative form, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G0565
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-EE-eh-san
Translations: they went away, they departed, they left
Notes: This word is the third person plural, imperfect or aorist indicative form of the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action of moving away from a place or situation, often implying a final departure. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo, 'from, away from') and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai, 'to come, to go').
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Imperfect or Aorist
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΒΑΙΝΟΝ, ἈΝΕΧΩΡΟΥΝ, ἘΞΗΡΧΟΝΤΟ
Etymology: The word ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) is a compound verb derived from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. This combination signifies movement away from a point.
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb
Sounds like: LOY-pon
Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G2172
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: yoo-KHO-me-noy
Translations: praying, making a vow, wishing, those praying, while praying
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'εὔχομαι' (euchomai), meaning 'to pray' or 'to make a vow'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially. In this form, it refers to 'those who are praying' or 'while praying'. It can also carry the sense of 'wishing' or 'desiring'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative Case, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΕΟΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word εὔχομαι (euchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁eugʰ- meaning 'to speak solemnly, to vow, to pray'. It is related to words signifying 'vow' or 'oath' in other Indo-European languages.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G4991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-tay-REE-an
Translations: salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety, a salvation
Notes: This word refers to salvation, deliverance, or preservation. It is often used in a spiritual sense to denote deliverance from sin and its consequences, but can also refer to physical safety or rescue. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Stem
Sounds like: PLOO
Translations: wealth, riches, to be rich, to become rich
Notes: This word appears to be a stem or a truncated form of a Koine Greek word related to wealth or richness. It is not a complete word on its own. It is most likely the stem for words like ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ (wealth, riches) or verbs like ΠΛΟΥΤΕΩ (to be rich, to become rich). In the provided examples, we see forms like ΠΛΟΥΤΟΝ (wealth, accusative case) and ΠΕΠΛΟΥΤΗΚΑ (I have become rich, from the verb ΠΛΟΥΤΕΩ).
Inflection: Does not inflect (as it is a stem)
Etymology: The root word ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ (ploutos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *plew- meaning 'to flow, to swim, to fly'. It is related to concepts of abundance and overflowing.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sees
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the noun refers to the entirety of something or every instance of it. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used when referring to a singular feminine noun in the genitive case, often indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2549
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-KEE-as
Translations: (of) evil, (of) malice, (of) wickedness, (of) depravity, evil, an evil, malice, a malice, wickedness, a wickedness, depravity, a depravity
Notes: This word refers to the inherent badness, wickedness, or depravity of character. It can also denote malice or ill-will towards others. It is often used in contexts describing moral corruption or harmful actions stemming from a bad disposition.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΙΑ (kakia) comes from the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It refers to the state or quality of being bad.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G2172
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: YOO-kho-me-nos
Translations: praying, vowing, wishing, a praying one
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'εὔχομαι' (eúchomai). It describes someone who is in the act of praying, making a vow, or wishing for something. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun itself), referring to 'one who prays' or 'one who vows'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΟΜΕΝΟΣ
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