Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Justin Martyr / Dialogue with Trypho the Jew / Chapter 72Dialogue with Trypho the Jew, Chapter 72
Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, but I, I also, I too
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "but") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "but I," often emphasizing the "I" or indicating that the speaker is also included in an action or statement. It functions as a subject pronoun.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G5384
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: FEE-lon
Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one
Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ
G4238
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PRAX-oh
Translations: I will do, I will accomplish, I will practice, I will perform
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to do,' 'to accomplish,' 'to practice,' or 'to perform.' It is used to describe an action that will take place in the future. It can refer to carrying out a task, performing an act, or engaging in a particular activity.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΑΣΣΩ (prassō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to pass over, to travel, to do.' It is related to the idea of 'passing through' or 'carrying out' an action.
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1849
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eks-ay-GAY-seh-ohn
Translations: (of) explanation, (of) interpretation, (of) narration, (of) a narration, (of) an explanation, (of) an interpretation
Notes: This word refers to an explanation, interpretation, or narration of something. It is often used in the context of expounding on texts, particularly sacred or complex ones, or providing a detailed account of events. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide', implying a leading out or bringing forth of meaning.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΕΩΝ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΩΝ, ΥΦΗΓΗΣΕΩΝ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G1834
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ay-GAY-sah-toh
Translations: he explained, he expounded, he narrated, he described, he related
Notes: This word means to lead out, explain, expound, narrate, or describe. It implies a detailed and thorough explanation or recounting of something, often bringing out its full meaning or implications. It is used to describe someone who provides a comprehensive account or interpretation of a subject.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΈΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΑΓΓΈΛΛΩ, ΔΙΔΆΣΚΩ
Etymology: From the preposition ἘΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb ἩΓΈΟΜΑΙ (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead out' or 'to guide out', referring to leading out a narrative or explanation.
G2187
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ES-dras
Translations: Ezra
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Ezra, a prominent figure in the Old Testament, known as a scribe and priest. He led a group of Jews from Babylonian exile back to Jerusalem and played a crucial role in the restoration of the Jewish community and the rebuilding of the Temple.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew עֶזְרָא (ʿEzrāʾ), meaning 'help' or 'Yahweh helps'.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mon
Translations: law, a law, rule, principle
Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3957
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PAS-kha
Translations: Passover
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Passover, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. It is a central event in the Old Testament and is observed annually. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.
Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)
Etymology: The word "ΠΑΣΧΑ" is a transliteration of the Aramaic word "pasḥā" (פַּסְחָא), which itself comes from the Hebrew word "pesaḥ" (פֶּסַח). This Hebrew word is derived from the verb "pasach" (פָּסַח), meaning "to pass over" or "to spare," referring to the angel of death passing over the houses of the Israelites during the tenth plague in Egypt.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1834
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eks-AY-gay-sin
Translations: explanation, interpretation, narration, a narration
Notes: This word refers to an explanation, interpretation, or a detailed narration of something. It describes the act or result of leading out or expounding upon a subject, making it clear and understandable. It is often used in contexts where a text, dream, or event is being clarified or recounted.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑ, ΑΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0851
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fai-LON-toh
Translations: they took away, they removed, they cut off
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist, indicative, middle or passive voice form of the verb ἀφαιρέω (aphaireō). It means 'they took away' or 'they removed' something from someone or something else. It is a compound verb formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take').
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lah-OH
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G4990
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: so-TAIR
Translations: Savior, Deliverer, Preserver, a Savior
Notes: This word refers to one who saves, delivers, or preserves. It is often used in a religious context to refer to God or Jesus Christ as the ultimate rescuer. It can also be used more generally for anyone who brings salvation or deliverance from danger or destruction.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΥΣΤΗΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΤΗΣ, ΣΩΖΩΝ
Etymology: From the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save, preserve, rescue'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G2625
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-foo-GAY
Translations: refuge, a refuge, asylum, a place of refuge, shelter
Notes: This word refers to a place or state of safety and protection, often sought in times of danger or distress. It can be used to describe a physical location that offers shelter, or a more abstract concept of security or a source of help. It is commonly used in contexts where someone seeks protection or solace.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΥΛΟΝ, ΣΚΕΠΗ, ΒΟΗΘΕΙΑ
Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and φεύγω (pheugō, 'to flee'). It literally means 'a fleeing down to' or 'a fleeing for refuge'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G1271
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-no-AY-thay-teh
Translations: consider, think, understand, reflect, ponder
Notes: This word means to think through, consider deeply, or understand. It implies a process of mental reflection or comprehension. As an imperative, it is used to urge someone to give careful thought or attention to something.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΕΝΝΟΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΝΟΕΩ (dianoeō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, think, understand'. Thus, it literally means 'to think through' or 'understand thoroughly'.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-na-BEE
Translations: go up, ascend, come up, climb, mount, rise, appear
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes movement from a lower to a higher place, whether literally climbing a mountain, rising from the dead, or appearing in a public setting. It is often used to describe physical ascent but can also refer to things coming into existence or appearing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΕΒΗΝ
Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-an
Translations: heart, a heart
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of a person's being, including their thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used metaphorically to represent the inner self or the core of one's personality. It can be used in contexts like 'to set in one's heart' meaning to ponder or decide, or 'to speak to one's heart' meaning to comfort or encourage.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MEL-loh-men
Translations: we are about to, we are going to, we intend to, we are destined to
Notes: This word is the first person plural present active indicative form of the verb μέλλω. It functions as an auxiliary verb, indicating that an action is imminent, intended, or destined to occur. It often translates to "to be about to" or "to be going to" and is typically followed by an infinitive verb.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G5013
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tah-peh-ee-NOON
Translations: to humble, to abase, to bring low, to make low, to make humble
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to humble, to abase, or to bring low. It can refer to making someone or something physically lower, or more commonly, to humbling oneself or others in a spiritual or social sense. It is often used in contexts of self-abasement or the humbling of the proud.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΞΟΥΔΕΝΟΩ
Etymology: The word "ταπεινόω" (tapeinoō) derives from the adjective "ταπεινός" (tapeinos), meaning "lowly, humble, abased." It is related to the concept of being close to the ground or having a low position.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G4592
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: say-MEH-oh
Translations: sign, a sign, mark, a mark, token, a token, miracle, a miracle, wonder, a wonder
Notes: This word refers to a sign, mark, or token, often indicating something significant or serving as proof. It can also denote a miracle or a wonder, especially one that serves as a divine indicator or a demonstration of power. It is used to point to something, to distinguish it, or to signify an event.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΣΥΜΒΟΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ (sēmeion) comes from the Greek root σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'mark' or 'sign'. It refers to something that serves as an indicator or a distinguishing feature.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1679
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-pee-SOH-men
Translations: let us hope, we may hope, we should hope
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. It is used to express a desire or expectation for something to happen, often with a sense of confidence or trust. In this form, it functions as a hortatory subjunctive, suggesting a collective action or encouragement, like 'let us hope'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ
Etymology: From ΕΛΠΙΣ (elpis), meaning 'hope'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-ray-MOH-thay
Translations: was made desolate, was laid waste, was deserted, became desolate
Notes: This word describes something that was made desolate, laid waste, or deserted. It is used to indicate that a place, city, or land has been left empty, ruined, or uninhabited, often as a result of destruction or abandonment. It is in the aorist passive voice, meaning the action of desolation happened in the past and the subject received the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: From the Greek adjective ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, uninhabited'. The verb form means 'to make desolate' or 'to lay waste'.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poss
Translations: place, a place, location, region, space, site
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It can denote a physical spot, a general area, or even a metaphorical space or opportunity. It is commonly used to indicate where something is situated or where an event occurs.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΕΔΡΑ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'cutting' or 'marking out'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G0537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah
Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-non
Translations: time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a duration, or a specific point in time. It is used to denote the extent or length of an event or situation. For example, it can refer to a long time, a short time, or a particular season.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dy-NAH-meh-ohn
Translations: of powers, of mighty works, of forces, of abilities, of miracles
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'δύναμις' (dynamis). It refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote miraculous power, a mighty work, or a force. In the provided examples, it is often used in the phrase 'Lord of Hosts' or 'Lord of Powers', referring to God's supreme authority and might.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΙΣΧΥΩΝ
G0302
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: AHN
Translations: if, ever, might, would, should
Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pees-TEV-see-teh
Translations: believe, trust, have faith
Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith. It is a command directed at multiple people, urging them to place their confidence or conviction in something or someone. It is often used in a religious context to signify belief in God or a particular doctrine.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G1522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-ah-KOO-see-teh
Translations: you hear, you listen, you obey, you heed, you give ear
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to hear into' or 'to listen to', often implying obedience or heeding what is heard. It is used to describe the act of paying close attention to something, especially a command or instruction, and acting accordingly. It can also mean to hear and answer a prayer.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ἈΚΟΎΩ, ὙΠΑΚΟΎΩ, ΠΕΊΘΟΜΑΙ
G2782
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kay-ROOG-mah-tos
Translations: of a proclamation, of a preaching, of a message, of a declaration
Notes: This word refers to the content of what is proclaimed or preached, a message, or a declaration. It is often used in the context of a public announcement or a divine message. It is the genitive singular form of the noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-es-theh
Translations: you will be
Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" in the future tense. It indicates that a state or condition will exist for a group of people (you plural). It is used to express future existence or identity, similar to how "you will be" is used in English.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, meaning 'to be', and is cognate with the English word 'is'.
G1946
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-KHAR-mah
Translations: joy over, object of joy, cause for joy, a joy, an object of joy
Notes: This word is a compound noun, combining 'upon' or 'over' (ἘΠΙ) with 'joy' or 'delight' (ΧΑΡΜΑ). It refers to the joy or delight felt over something, often with a negative connotation, implying malicious joy or gloating over an enemy's misfortune. It can also refer to the object or cause of such joy, making someone an 'object of joy' for their enemies.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΧΑΡΑ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun ΧΑΡΜΑ (charma), meaning 'joy' or 'delight'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-neh-see
Translations: to nations, for nations, among nations, nations, to Gentiles, for Gentiles, among Gentiles, Gentiles
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ἔθνος' (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'Gentile'. In the dative case, it indicates the indirect object, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'among', showing the recipient or the sphere of action. It can refer to a group of people, a nation, or, especially in a biblical context, non-Jewish people (Gentiles).
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΙ, ΓΕΝΗ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G2408
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-reh-MEE-oo
Translations: of Jeremiah
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Jeremiah'. Jeremiah was a major prophet in the Old Testament, and his name is also given to the book of prophecy attributed to him in the Bible. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so it means 'of Jeremiah' or 'belonging to Jeremiah'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Jeremiah' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh will exalt' or 'Yahweh lifts up'. It was transliterated into Greek.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: lekh-THEN-tohn
Translations: of things said, of what was said, of words spoken
Notes: This word is the genitive plural, aorist passive participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'of things having been said' or 'of those who were spoken to'. In context, it often refers to the content of what was spoken or written, such as 'of the things that were said' or 'of the words spoken'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive
Synonyms: ΡΗΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΩΝ
G4066
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-EK-op-san
Translations: they cut off, they cut around, they cut away, they amputated, they curtailed
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from περί (peri, 'around, about') and κόπτω (koptō, 'to cut, strike'). It means to cut all around, to cut off, or to cut away. In a figurative sense, it can mean to curtail or remove something. It is used here in the context of removing or cutting out parts of a text or discourse.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G0721
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-NEE-on
Translations: lamb, a lamb
Notes: This word refers to a young sheep, a lamb. It is a diminutive form, implying a 'little lamb'. It is often used metaphorically, particularly in religious contexts, such as referring to Jesus as the 'Lamb of God'. It can be used as the subject of a sentence (nominative) or the direct object (accusative).
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΜΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΡΝΙΟΝ is a diminutive of the word ἈΡΝΟΣ, meaning 'lamb'. It is related to the Latin 'agnus' and English 'ewe'.
G0172
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-KAH-kon
Translations: innocent, harmless, guileless, simple, an innocent one
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is innocent, harmless, or free from evil or malice. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'κακός' (meaning 'evil' or 'bad'). It can refer to a person who is pure in heart or an action that causes no harm.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ, ἈΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: feh-RO-meh-non
Translations: being carried, being borne, being brought, being led, being moved
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being carried' or 'being borne'. It describes something that is in the process of being moved or transported by an external force. It can also imply being led or guided. It is often used to describe things like water flowing, or objects being moved by wind or waves.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G2380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: THOO-es-thai
Translations: to sacrifice, to offer sacrifice, to slay (for sacrifice)
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer sacrifice'. It is often used in a religious context, referring to the act of offering an animal or other item to a deity. It can also mean 'to slay' specifically for the purpose of sacrifice. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to sacrifice'.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΣΦΑΖΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the first-person pronoun, meaning 'me'. It is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions that take the accusative case, indicating the recipient of an action or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
G3049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-loh-GIZ-on-toh
Translations: they were reasoning, they were considering, they were calculating, they were reckoning, they were thinking, they were counting
Notes: This word describes the act of thinking, reasoning, or calculating. It implies a process of careful consideration or deliberation, often leading to a conclusion or a plan. It can be used in contexts where people are weighing options, making judgments, or devising schemes, whether good or bad.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: loh-giss-MON
Translations: thought, a thought, reasoning, a reasoning, calculation, a calculation, purpose, a purpose, device, a device
Notes: This word refers to a thought, reasoning, or calculation. It describes the product of mental activity, such as a plan, a purpose, or a device. It can be used to denote both good and bad intentions or ideas.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tes
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or saying something, often functioning adverbially to describe how an action is performed, or adjectivally to describe those who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G1205
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb
Sounds like: DEW-teh
Translations: Come!, Come!, Come here!, Come on!
Notes: This word is an imperative, meaning 'Come!' or 'Come here!'. It is used as an invitation or an exhortation to action, often followed by a subjunctive verb to indicate the purpose or result of coming. It can be used for both singular and plural subjects, though it is grammatically plural in form. For example, it might be used to say 'Come, let us go!'
Inflection: Imperative, Second Person, Plural (often used for singular as well)
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΕΣΘΕ, ΙΤΕ
Etymology: From an obsolete imperative of an uncontracted form of ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G1688
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-BAH-loh-men
Translations: let us cast in, let us throw in, let us put in, let us launch
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in, into) and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw, cast). It means to cast or throw something into a place, or to launch something. It can also imply putting something into a specific state or condition. In this form, it is a hortatory subjunctive, suggesting an action that the speakers should undertake together.
Inflection: 1st Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ἘΜΒΑΛΩ, ἘΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ἘΜΠΙΠΤΩ
G3586
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KSEE-lon
Translations: wood, a wood, tree, a tree, timber, a timber, staff, a staff, club, a club, cross, a cross
Notes: This word refers to wood in various forms. It can mean a living tree, cut timber, a piece of wood used as a staff or club, or even a structure made of wood, such as a cross or gallows. Its meaning is determined by the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of cutting or hewing.
G0740
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-ton
Translations: bread, a bread, loaf, a loaf, food
Notes: This word refers to bread, a loaf, or more generally, food. It is a common term used to describe sustenance. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating what is being eaten or provided.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΒΡΩΜΑ
G1639
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-TREE-pso-men
Translations: we may rub out, we may destroy, we may wipe out, we may obliterate
Notes: This verb means to rub out, destroy, or wipe out completely. It implies a thorough and forceful act of obliteration, often used in the context of destroying enemies or removing something entirely.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Future, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΤΡΙΒΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΤΡΙΒΩ (tribo), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear away'.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYS
Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region
Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').
G2198
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ZOHN-tohn
Translations: of living, of the living, of those who live
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It refers to 'those who are living' or 'the living ones'. It is used to describe a state of being alive, often in contrast to the dead. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the land of the living' or 'the God of the living'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΩΝ, ΕΜΠΝΕΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷyeh₃- (to live).
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-no-MA
Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority
Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.
G3403
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mnays-THEE
Translations: remember, be reminded, recall, call to mind
Notes: ΜΝΗΣΘΗ is an inflected form of the verb μιμνήσκω, meaning 'to remember' or 'to be reminded'. This specific form indicates an action that occurred in the past, often with a focus on the result or the state of being remembered. It can be used to express that someone or something was remembered, or that a person remembered something themselves.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΝΑΟΜΑΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word μιμνήσκω comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men-, meaning 'to think, remember'. It is related to words concerning memory and mental activity.
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ook-EH-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: ep-AY-day
Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G4021
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-ko-PEH
Translations: section, passage, a section, a passage
Notes: This word refers to a section or passage of text, especially a portion cut out from a larger work. It is often used in the context of scripture or other writings, indicating a specific excerpt or reading.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΜΗΜΑ, ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΑΠΟΣΠΑΣΜΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition περί (peri, 'around, about') and the verb κόπτω (koptō, 'to cut, strike'). It literally means 'a cutting around' or 'a cutting off', referring to a portion cut out from a larger whole.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gohn
Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines
Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-TEE
Translations: still, yet, further, more
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating continuation in time or degree. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something that is ongoing or has not happened yet. It can also mean 'further' or 'more' when adding to something or indicating an additional quantity or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙ, ἘΤΙΔΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti 'beyond, further'. It is related to Latin et 'and, also'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G1458
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: eng-ge-GRAH-mme-nee
Translations: written in, inscribed, recorded, a written (thing), an inscribed (thing)
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'engraphō', meaning 'to write in' or 'to inscribe'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been written or inscribed. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, so it refers to something that is currently in a state of having been written or recorded.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΗ, ΚΕΧΑΡΑΓΜΕΝΗ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-sin
Translations: (to) some, (to) any, (to) certain ones, (to) someone, (to) anyone, (to) something, (to) anything
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the indefinite pronoun or adjective 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to 'someone', 'anyone', 'something', or 'anything'. As an indefinite adjective, it means 'some', 'any', or 'a certain'. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' the specified entity, and is plural, referring to multiple entities.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All Genders
G0482
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: an-tee-GRA-foys
Translations: to a copy, to copies, to a transcript, to transcripts, to a duplicate, to duplicates, to an antigraph, to antigraphs
Notes: This word refers to a copy, transcript, or duplicate of a document. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It is used to describe something that has been written down as a reproduction of an original.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ
G4864
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soo-nah-go-GAIS
Translations: (to) synagogues, (to) assemblies, (to) gatherings
Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often for religious purposes. In a Jewish context, it specifically denotes a synagogue, which served as a place for worship, prayer, and the reading of scripture. It can also refer more generally to any congregation or collection of individuals.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G4253
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PRO
Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3641
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: o-li-GOO
Translations: of little, of few, a little, few, almost, nearly, a short time, a little while
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ὈΛΙΓΟΣ' (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few'. As an adjective, 'ὈΛΙΓΟΥ' is typically the genitive singular masculine or neuter form, meaning 'of little' or 'of few'. It can also function adverbially, meaning 'almost' or 'nearly', indicating proximity in time, quantity, or degree. When used adverbially, it often implies 'a little more and then...' or 'just short of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial
Synonyms: ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-noo
Translations: (of) time, time
Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.
G1607
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EK-op-san
Translations: they cut out, they cut off, they cut down, they chopped down, they destroyed
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εκκόπτω' (ekkopto). It means to cut out, cut off, or cut down. It can be used literally, such as cutting off a limb or cutting down a tree, or figuratively, meaning to destroy or remove completely. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the act of cutting out eyes and cutting down villages, implying destruction.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
G1899
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-pei-DAN
Translations: when, whenever, after, since
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a temporal clause, meaning 'when' or 'whenever', indicating a point in time or a recurring event. It can also introduce a causal clause, meaning 'since' or 'because'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπεί' (epei) meaning 'when, since' and 'ἄν' (an), a particle that often indicates potentiality or indefiniteness.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ὍΤΑΝ, ὍΤΕ, ἘΠΕΙ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΕΙΔΑΝ is a compound of the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei), meaning 'when' or 'since', and the particle ἈΝ (an), which adds a sense of indefiniteness or potentiality to the clause it introduces.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G0667
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-DEIK-noo-ee-tai
Translations: to show, to prove, to demonstrate, to point out, to exhibit
Notes: This verb means to show, prove, or demonstrate something clearly and conclusively. It implies making something evident or manifest, often through argument or evidence. It can be used in contexts where one is proving a point, demonstrating a skill, or exhibiting an object.
Inflection: Present, Indicative or Subjunctive, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ἘΠΙΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ
G1011
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-boo-LEU-san-toh
Translations: they consulted, they took counsel, they deliberated, they purposed, they resolved
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to consult,' 'to take counsel,' 'to deliberate,' or 'to purpose.' It describes the act of a group of people coming together to discuss and decide on a course of action. It is often used to indicate that a plan or decision was made after careful consideration.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G0337
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-I-REIN
Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'again') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take' or 'to choose'). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up, to take away, to destroy, or to kill. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death or causing destruction.
Inflection: Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stow-ROH-san-tes
Translations: crucifying, having crucified, they crucified
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to crucify'. It describes an action of crucifying that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify another part of the sentence. It indicates that the subject of the participle is the one who performed the act of crucifying.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: From σταυρός (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The verb σταυρόω means 'to crucify' or 'to fix on a cross'.
G1011
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-sah-MEH-noy
Translations: having counseled, having deliberated, having planned, those who have counseled, those who have deliberated, those who have planned
Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'βουλεύω', meaning 'to counsel', 'to deliberate', or 'to plan'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often translated as 'having counseled' or 'having deliberated'. It indicates that the subjects have taken counsel or made a decision.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ, ΜΕΛΕΤΑΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G3377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: may-NYOO-eh-tai
Translations: it is reported, it is revealed, it is made known, it is disclosed, it is announced
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be reported,' 'to be revealed,' 'to be made known,' or 'to be disclosed.' It describes an action where information or a fact is brought to light or communicated, often in a formal or official capacity. It is used when something becomes known to others, often through a report or announcement.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΥΤΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΕΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word μηνύω (mēnyō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μῆνις (mēnis, 'wrath') or from a root meaning 'to show' or 'to indicate'.
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-SAH-ee-oo
Translations: of Isaiah
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Isaiah', referring to the Old Testament prophet or the book bearing his name. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the book of Isaiah' or 'the prophecy of Isaiah'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yesha'yahu (יְשַׁעְיָהוּ), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation'.
G4395
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-fay-TEV-thay
Translations: was prophesied, was foretold
Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'propheteuō', meaning 'to prophesy' or 'to foretell'. In this passive form, it indicates that something 'was prophesied' or 'was foretold' by someone or something else. It is used to describe events or statements that were predicted in advance.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ
G4263
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-BAH-ton
Translations: sheep, a sheep
Notes: This word refers to a sheep, a common domesticated animal. In ancient contexts, sheep were vital for food, wool, and sacrifice. The word is often used literally, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to people, particularly in religious texts, symbolizing followers or a flock.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΑ
Etymology: The word προβατον (probáton) comes from the Greek verb προβαίνω (probaínō), meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It originally referred to any four-footed animal that walks forward, but eventually became specifically associated with sheep.
G4967
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SPHAH-gayn
Translations: slaughter, a slaughter, killing, a killing, sacrifice, a sacrifice
Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the Greek noun ΣΦΑΓΗ. It refers to the act of slaughter, killing, or sacrifice, often implying a violent or ritualistic death. It is used when the noun is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb σφάζω (sphazō), meaning 'to slay, slaughter, butcher'.
G0071
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-GOH-meh-nos
Translations: being led, being brought, being carried, being driven
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being led' or 'being brought'. It describes someone or something that is currently in the process of being led, brought, carried, or driven by an external force. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one being led' or 'those being led'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G1759
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: en-THA-deh
Translations: here, hither, in this place
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'in this place'. It is used to specify a position or direction towards the speaker or a designated location. For example, it can be used to say 'come here' or 'stand here'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ὩΔΕ, ἘΝΤΑΥ͂ΘΑ
Etymology: This word is formed from the demonstrative adverb ἔνθα (entha), meaning 'there' or 'where', combined with the suffix -δε (-de), which indicates motion towards a place. Thus, it means 'to this place' or 'here'.
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-LOO-tah-ee
Translations: it is shown, it is made clear, it is declared, it is revealed, it is made known
Notes: This word means 'it is shown' or 'it is made clear'. It describes something that is being revealed or made evident to others. It is used when a fact, truth, or event becomes apparent or is demonstrated.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΕΤΑΙ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OHST
Translations: so that, with the result that, therefore, consequently
Notes: This word is an elided form of ΩΣΤΕ (hōste), meaning 'so that' or 'with the result that'. It introduces a clause expressing the consequence or result of a preceding action or statement. It can also be used to indicate a logical conclusion, similar to 'therefore' or 'consequently'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how') and the particle τέ (te, 'and, also'). It literally means 'as also' or 'as then', developing into a conjunction indicating result.
G0639
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-po-roo-MEH-noy
Translations: perplexed, at a loss, in doubt, without resources, in despair
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'aporeo'. It describes someone who is in a state of perplexity, uncertainty, or being at a loss, often due to a lack of resources or a way forward. It can be used to describe individuals who are without means or are in despair.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ἈΜΗΧΑΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb 'aporeo', which is a compound of 'a-' (privative alpha, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'poros' (meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'). Thus, it literally means 'without a way' or 'without resources'.
G0987
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: blas-fay-MEIN
Translations: to blaspheme, to revile, to slander, to speak evil of, to rail against
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'blasphemeo'. It means to speak impiously or irreverently about God or sacred things, or to speak evil of, revile, or slander someone. It is often used in the context of insulting or defaming a person, especially a divine being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ
G5562
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kho-ROO-see
Translations: make room, go, withdraw, contain, hold, advance, proceed
Notes: This verb means to make room, to go, to withdraw, or to contain/hold. It can describe movement, such as going forward or withdrawing, or the capacity of something to hold or contain. In some contexts, it can imply progress or advancement.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΧΩΡΩ
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G3403
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-NEES-thay
Translations: remembered, was reminded, called to mind
Notes: This verb means to remember, to recall, or to be reminded of something. It is often used in the context of God remembering His covenant or people, or people remembering God's works or commands. It can also mean to make mention of something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember', which is related to μνήμη (mnēmē), 'memory'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G0040
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HAH-gee-os
Translations: holy, sacred, pure, saint, a saint
Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. It can refer to God Himself, to people who are consecrated to God, or to things that are dedicated to religious use. It is often used in a moral sense to describe purity or righteousness. When used as a noun, it refers to a saint or a holy one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΌΣΙΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ΑΓΙΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'awe' or 'reverence', suggesting something that inspires veneration and is set apart.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G3498
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: NEK-ron
Translations: of the dead, of dead ones
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.
G2837
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: keh-koy-MEE-may-non
Translations: of those who have fallen asleep, of those who have died, of the dead
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'of those who have been put to sleep' or, more commonly in a biblical context, 'of those who have died' or 'of the dead'. It refers to individuals who have passed away, often with the connotation of a peaceful rest, awaiting resurrection. It is used to describe a state of having fallen asleep or died in the past, with the results continuing into the present.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΩΝ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word κοιμάω (koimaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down' or 'to settle'. It is related to words like 'cemetery' (from Greek koimētērion, 'sleeping place').
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYN
Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region
Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ
G5567
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHO-mah-tos
Translations: of a mound, of an embankment, of a heap, of an earthwork, of a rampart
Notes: This word refers to a mound, heap, or embankment, often constructed from earth or other materials. It can describe a raised structure like a rampart or an earthwork. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the top of the mound' or 'made of a heap'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΡΟΣ, ΛΟΦΟΣ
G2597
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-TE-bee
Translations: he went down, he descended
Notes: This word means 'he went down' or 'he descended'. It describes the action of moving from a higher place to a lower one. It is typically used in past tense contexts to indicate that someone or something completed the action of descending.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G2097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ang-ge-LI-sas-thai
Translations: to preach the gospel, to bring good news, to proclaim good tidings
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to bring good news' or 'to proclaim the gospel'. It is often used in the context of sharing the message of salvation or glad tidings. It can be used transitively, taking a direct object (e.g., 'to preach the gospel to someone'), or intransitively.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G4992
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: so-TEE-ree-on
Translations: salvation, deliverance, saving health, a salvation, a deliverance, a saving health
Notes: This word refers to that which brings salvation or deliverance. It is often used to describe God's act of saving or the state of being saved. It can also refer to the means or instrument of salvation. In the New Testament, it frequently denotes the spiritual salvation offered through Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ, ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word derives from the Greek verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save, preserve, rescue'. From this verb came the noun σωτήρ (sōtēr), meaning 'savior', and then the adjective σωτήριος (sōtērios), meaning 'saving' or 'salvific'. ΣΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ is the neuter form of this adjective, often substantivized to mean 'salvation' or 'that which saves'.
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