2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FAYN

Translations: I said, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone said in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'he/she/it said' depending on the context. It can refer to a specific utterance or a general statement made previously.

Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, Singular, First or Third Person

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb φημί (phēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeh₂- meaning 'to speak, tell, say'. It is related to Latin fari ('to speak') and English 'ban' (in the sense of proclamation).

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ROH

Translations: I will say, I will speak

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'I will say' or 'I will speak'. It is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates an action that will take place in the future, performed by the speaker.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō) is a future form of the verb 'εἴρω' (eirō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is related to the root of words concerning speech and communication.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2699

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-FAH-ee-neh-tai

Translations: it appears, it becomes visible, it is evident, it is clear

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb φαίνω (phainō, meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'). In its passive form, it means 'to appear clearly' or 'to become evident'. It is used to describe something that becomes visible or manifest, often implying a clear or undeniable appearance. For example, 'it is evident that...' or 'it appears that...'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΔΗΛΟΥΤΑΙ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΥΤΑΙ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-lo-so-FEE-ah

Translations: philosophy, a philosophy

Notes: This word refers to philosophy, which is the love of wisdom or the pursuit of knowledge. It encompasses the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is used in sentences to refer to the discipline itself or a particular system of thought.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΑ" is a compound word derived from two Greek terms: φίλος (philos), meaning "loving" or "dear," and σοφία (sophia), meaning "wisdom." Thus, it literally means "love of wisdom."

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-ton

Translations: greatest, largest, most important, a greatest thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. Therefore, 'μέγιστον' translates to 'greatest', 'largest', or 'most important'. It is used to describe something that surpasses all others in size, importance, or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating the highest degree of a quality.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'μέγας' (megas), from which 'μέγιστον' is derived, comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G2933

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KTEE-mah

Translations: possession, property, a possession, an acquisition

Notes: This word refers to something that has been acquired or is owned, such as property or an estate. It is used to denote anything that one possesses, whether tangible or intangible. It can be used in sentences to refer to land, goods, or even people as possessions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΤΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΤΗΜΑ (ktēma) derives from the verb κτάομαι (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'. It refers to something that has been acquired or possessed.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5093

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tee-mee-OH-tah-ton

Translations: most precious, most honorable, most esteemed, most valuable

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'timios', meaning 'precious' or 'honorable'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of these qualities, thus 'most precious' or 'most honorable'. It is used to describe something or someone held in the highest regard, of greatest value, or of supreme honor. It can be used to describe objects, concepts, or individuals.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΤΑΤΟΝ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΟΤΑΤΟΝ, ΑΞΙΩΤΑΤΟΝ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AH-geh

Translations: he brings to, he leads to, he offers, he presents, he applies, he adds

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, it generally means 'to bring to', 'to lead to', or 'to offer'. It can be used in various contexts, such as bringing someone or something to a person or place, offering sacrifices, or applying something to a surface.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-is-TEE-sin

Translations: establishes, commends, proves, introduces, stands with, brings together, combines, recommends

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (to stand, to set). It means to stand together with, to bring together, to establish, to commend, or to prove. It can be used to describe the act of setting something up, demonstrating a truth, or recommending someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with, together with') and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (meaning 'to stand, to set'). It literally means 'to stand together' or 'to set together'.

G3438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOH-nay

Translations: abode, dwelling place, mansion, room, a dwelling place

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a residence, or a temporary lodging. It can also denote a stopping place or a stage on a journey. In a theological context, it is famously used to describe the 'mansions' or 'rooms' in the Father's house, signifying a permanent dwelling or resting place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It refers to a place where one remains or dwells.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4337

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-es-KEE-ko-tes

Translations: having paid attention, having given heed, having applied oneself, having devoted oneself

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine plural nominative, derived from the verb προσέχω (prosechō). It describes a completed action of paying attention or giving heed, with the results of that action still relevant. It implies a state of having been attentive or devoted to something. It can be used to describe people who have previously focused their minds or efforts on a particular matter.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΔΡΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G2744

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tep-EM-fthay

Translations: he was sent down, she was sent down, it was sent down

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb καταπέμπω (katapempō), which means 'to send down' or 'to dispatch'. In this form, it indicates that someone or something was sent down or dispatched by another agent, with the action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word καταπέμπω (katapempō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send down'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-LEE-then

Translations: has escaped notice, is hidden, has been hidden, is unknown

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb λανθάνω (lanthanō). It means 'to escape notice,' 'to be hidden,' or 'to be unknown.' In the perfect tense, it describes a state of being hidden or having escaped notice that continues into the present. It can be used to indicate that something is not perceived or is kept secret.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: plah-toh-nee-KOY

Translations: Platonic, Platonists, followers of Plato

Notes: This word refers to something or someone associated with Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher. As an adjective, it describes concepts or ideas derived from Plato's philosophy. As a noun, it refers to the followers or disciples of Plato, often called Platonists, who adhered to his philosophical teachings.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the proper noun ΠΛΑΤΩΝ (Platon), referring to the famous Greek philosopher Plato, combined with the suffix -ΙΚΟΣ (-ikos), which forms adjectives indicating belonging or relation.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G4770

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: STOH-ee-koy

Translations: Stoics

Notes: This word refers to the Stoics, a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium. They taught that virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge, and that the wise live in harmony with the divine Reason (Logos) that governs nature. They emphasized self-control and fortitude as a means of overcoming destructive emotions.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Stoic" comes from the Stoa Poikile (Painted Porch) in Athens, where the founders of the school used to meet and teach.

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: poo-tha-go-REE-koy

Translations: Pythagoreans, Pythagorean

Notes: This word refers to followers of Pythagoras, the ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician. It can be used as a noun to denote the members of the Pythagorean school or as an adjective to describe something related to Pythagoras or his teachings. For example, one might speak of 'Pythagorean philosophy' or 'the Pythagoreans' as a group.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative

Etymology: The word is derived from the proper name Pythagoras (Πυθαγόρας), combined with the suffix -ικός (-ikos), which forms adjectives and nouns indicating belonging or relation. Pythagoras was a Greek philosopher and mathematician credited with founding the Pythagorean school.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-ly-KRA-nos

Translations: many-headed, many-helmeted

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much', and 'κράνος' (kranos), meaning 'helmet' or 'head'. It describes something that has many heads or many helmets. It would be used to describe a multi-headed creature or an army with many helmets.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many, much', and 'κράνος' (kranos), meaning 'helmet, head'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PINE

Translations: to say, to speak, to tell

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is used to express the action of speaking or communicating something, often in a general sense without specifying the subject or object of the action. It can be used in various constructions, such as after verbs of commanding or desiring, or to express purpose.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ

Etymology: ΕἸΠΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive of the verb ΕἸΠΩ, which is a suppletive aorist form used with the present tense verbs ΛΕΓΩ and ΦΗΜΙ. Its origin traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G0680

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ap-SAH-meh-noys

Translations: touching, having touched, laying hold of, handling, a touching, a having touched

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'haptomai', meaning 'to touch' or 'to lay hold of'. It describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, indicating someone who is in the state of having touched or laid hold of something. It can be used to describe people who have come into contact with something, often with the implication of interaction or engagement.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ΘΙΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΦΑΨΑΜΕΝΟΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noys

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having arisen, having been born, (to) those who have become, (to) those who have come to be, (to) those who have happened, (to) those who have arisen, (to) those who have been born

Notes: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ is a form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of becoming or happening. In this dative plural form, it often refers to 'to those who have become' or 'to those who have happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G1830

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ex-eh-TAH-san-tas

Translations: having examined, having investigated, having inquired, having questioned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐξετάζω' (exetazo), meaning 'to examine thoroughly, investigate, or question'. As an aorist active participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb, performed by the subject. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having examined' or 'those who examined'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΡΕΥΝΑΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξετάζω (exetazo) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἐτάζω (etazo), meaning 'to examine' or 'to test'. The compound form emphasizes a thorough or complete examination.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2655

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-plah-GEN-tas

Translations: being astonished, being amazed, being astounded, struck with amazement

Notes: This word is a compound word, formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'completely') and the verb πλήσσω (plēssō, meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'). It describes someone who has been completely struck or overwhelmed by something, leading to a state of profound astonishment or amazement. It is used to describe a strong emotional reaction, often to something unexpected or awe-inspiring.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΤΤΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb καταπλήσσω (kataplēssō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. The combination conveys the sense of being 'struck down' or 'overwhelmed' by an emotion.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1466

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-ti-an

Translations: self-control, temperance, self-restraint, a self-control, a temperance, a self-restraint

Notes: This word refers to the virtue of self-control, particularly in regard to one's desires and passions. It implies a mastery over one's impulses and appetites, leading to a disciplined and moderate lifestyle. It is often used in contexts relating to moral discipline and ethical conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ (enkrateia) comes from the Greek prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'power over oneself' or 'mastery within'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3581

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KSEH-non

Translations: strange, foreign, a stranger, a foreigner, an alien, unusual

Notes: This word describes something as strange, foreign, or alien. It can refer to things that are from another country or are unfamiliar and unusual. When referring to a person, it means a stranger or a foreigner. It is often used to describe something that is not native or not belonging to a particular place or group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΡΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a guest or host. It developed in Greek to mean a guest-friend, then a stranger or foreigner.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G0227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THAY

Translations: true, real, genuine, (the) true things, (the) real things

Notes: This word describes something as true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, counterfeit, or imaginary. It can be used to describe people, statements, or concepts. For example, it can refer to a 'true man' or 'true justice'. It is an adjective that modifies nouns.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΕΤΥΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'un-') and λήθω (lēthō, 'to escape notice, be hidden'), meaning 'unhidden' or 'not concealed'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MA-then

Translations: he learned, she learned, it learned, he taught himself, she taught herself, it taught itself

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'μανθάνω' (manthano), meaning 'to learn' or 'to be taught'. It describes an action of acquiring knowledge or skill that was completed in the past. It can be used in sentences like 'He learned the truth' or 'She learned to read'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-DON-tas

Translations: having handed over, having delivered, having committed, having entrusted, having betrayed, those who handed over, those who delivered, those who betrayed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'paradidomi', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to commit', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past by the subject. In this form, it refers to 'those who have performed the action of handing over or betraying'. It often implies a completed action that has consequences.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΟΔΟΤΑΣ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-mah

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article "τὸ" (to, meaning 'the') and the noun "ὄνομα" (onoma, meaning 'name'). It means "the name" and functions as a singular, neuter noun, typically in the nominative or accusative case. It is used to refer to a specific name or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (crasis of the definite article and noun)

Etymology: The word ὄνομα (onoma) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'name' in many other Indo-European languages.

G3754

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-per

Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as

Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KAH-lay-toh

Translations: was called, used to be called, he was called, she was called, it was called

Notes: This is the third person singular, imperfect indicative form of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In this form, it translates to 'was called' or 'used to be called', indicating an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It can be used to describe someone or something being named or referred to by a particular title.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice

Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin calo ('to call out') and English 'hail'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-bal-EIN

Translations: to throw together, to bring together, to meet, to encounter, to contribute, to confer, to engage in battle, to join battle, to come to an agreement, to compare, to consider

Notes: This is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ, which is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (together with) and ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw). It means to throw or bring things together, which can lead to various meanings depending on the context, such as meeting someone, contributing to something, engaging in a discussion, or even joining in battle.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G1929

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DOH-kah

Translations: I gave over, I delivered, I surrendered, I committed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi, 'to give'). It means to give over, deliver, or surrender something or oneself. It is used to describe the act of handing something over to someone, or committing oneself to a task or person.

Inflection: First person singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐπιδίδωμι (epididōmi) is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G1304

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-TREEP-sas

Translations: having spent, having passed, having stayed, having tarried, having lingered

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'διατρίβω' (diatribō), which means 'to spend time', 'to pass time', 'to stay', or 'to tarry'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of spending or passing time in a particular place or activity.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GHEE-neh-toh

Translations: was happening, was becoming, was done, came to pass, occurred

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or in progress in the past. It can mean 'it was happening,' 'it was becoming,' 'it was done,' or 'it came to pass,' depending on the context. It emphasizes the process or state of something coming into being or occurring over a period of time.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1987

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PIS-tah-toh

Translations: knew, understood, was acquainted with, was skilled in, was aware of

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'ἐπίσταμαι' (epistamai). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'he/she/it knew' or 'he/she/it understood' or 'he/she/it was acquainted with'. It can also mean 'he/she/it was skilled in' or 'he/she/it was aware of'. It is often used to describe knowledge or understanding that is deep and practical, rather than just theoretical.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'ἐπίσταμαι' (epístamai), which is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epí, 'upon, over') and 'ἵστημι' (hístēmi, 'to stand'). The original sense was 'to stand upon, to be set over', which evolved into 'to be skilled in, to understand'.

G3129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-thay-sin

Translations: learning, instruction, a learning, an instruction, discipline

Notes: This word refers to the act of acquiring knowledge or skill through study or experience. It can also denote the instruction or teaching itself that leads to such acquisition. It is used to describe the process of education or discipleship.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΧΗ, ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΘΗΣΙΣ comes from the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It is related to the concept of mental acquisition and comprehension.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pal-LA-geen

Translations: I was set free, I was released, I was delivered, I departed, I was rid of

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō). It is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἀλλάσσω (allassō, 'to change, exchange'). In its passive voice, it means 'to be set free from', 'to be released from', 'to be delivered from', or 'to depart'. It describes an action completed in the past where the subject was the recipient of the action of being freed or removed from something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΩ, ΛΥΩ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kah

Translations: I had come, I was present, I had arrived

Notes: This is the first person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come,' 'to be present,' or 'to arrive.' It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state of being present in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I was coming' or 'I was present.'

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- ('to follow, to go'). In Greek, it developed to mean 'to have come' or 'to be present,' emphasizing the state of arrival rather than the act of coming itself.

G4047

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-tee-tee-KON

Translations: peripatetic, walking about, given to walking, a peripatetic

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is accustomed to walking about, or is related to walking. It can also refer to the Peripatetic school of philosophy, which was founded by Aristotle and whose followers often taught while walking. In a general sense, it describes a person or thing characterized by walking or moving around.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΙΠΟΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΛΑΝΗΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek verb περιπατέω (peripateō), meaning 'to walk around' or 'to walk about'. It is formed with the suffix -τικός (-tikos), which indicates 'pertaining to' or 'skilled in'.

G1409

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DREE-moos

Translations: sharp, keen, pungent, severe, harsh, bitter

Notes: This word is likely a truncated or root form of the adjective 'δριμύς' (drimys), which means sharp, keen, or pungent. It can describe something that is physically sharp, like a knife, or something that is mentally keen, like a mind. It can also refer to something that is harsh, severe, or bitter in taste or character. In the provided context, 'ΔΡΙΜΥΛΟΥ' is a genitive form, likely referring to someone named Drimylos, which is derived from 'δριμύς', suggesting a characteristic of sharpness or severity.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular (likely a root or stem form, or an abbreviation)

Synonyms: ΟΞΥΣ, ΠΙΚΡΟΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word δριμύς (drimys) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *drim- meaning 'sharp, cutting'. It is related to words signifying sharpness or bitterness.

G0430

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: an-as-KHO-me-nos

Translations: enduring, bearing up, having endured, having borne, one who endures

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀνέχω' (anechō), meaning 'to hold up', 'to bear up', 'to endure', or 'to tolerate'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often translated as 'having endured' or 'enduring'. It functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who endured'). It implies a state of patience or resilience in the face of difficulty.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-tas

Translations: first, a first, former, earliest, chief, principal

Notes: This word describes something that is first in time, order, rank, or importance. It can refer to the initial item in a sequence, the original or former thing, or something that holds a preeminent position. In the provided examples, it is used to describe 'first violence,' 'first tablets,' and 'first cows,' indicating an initial or original state.

Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the Greek preposition πρό (pró, before).

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-oh-feh-LEES

Translations: unprofitable, useless, worthless, of no advantage, an unprofitable thing, a useless thing

Notes: This word describes something that is without profit, advantage, or benefit. It refers to something that is useless, ineffective, or brings no good. It can be used to describe actions, things, or even people that are unproductive or of no value.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ἈΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek negative prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ὠφελής (ōphelēs), meaning 'useful' or 'profitable'. Thus, it literally means 'not useful' or 'without profit'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4926

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: company, association, intercourse, sexual intercourse, a company, an association

Notes: This word refers to the act of being together or associating with others, signifying companionship or a gathering. It can also refer to a more intimate form of interaction, specifically sexual intercourse. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'οὐσία' (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and οὐσία (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'. It literally means 'a being together'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NOY-toh

Translations: may it be, let it be, may it come to pass, let it come to pass, may it happen, let it happen

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' It is often used to express a wish, a command, or a potential event, similar to the English 'may it be' or 'let it be.' It describes something that is in the process of coming into existence or occurring.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Optative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΙΣΘΑΙ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LEE-pon

Translations: I left behind, I abandoned, I forsook, I deserted, I bequeathed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave'). It generally means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also be used in the sense of bequeathing or leaving an inheritance. It is often used to describe leaving a place, a person, or a custom.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G3633

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oy-ay-THEYS

Translations: having supposed, having thought, having imagined, having believed, having considered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'οἴομαι', meaning 'to suppose', 'to think', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It is often translated as 'having supposed' or 'having thought', indicating a past action of thinking or believing that leads to a subsequent state or action. It is used to describe someone who has formed an opinion or come to a conclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΣΑΣ, ΗΓΗΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-soh-FEE-ahs

Translations: of philosophy, of a philosophy

Notes: This word refers to philosophy, the love of wisdom, or a system of philosophical thought. It is used to describe the pursuit of knowledge and understanding, often in a broad sense. In ancient contexts, it could encompass various fields of study, including ethics, logic, and physics.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΑ (philosophia) is a compound word derived from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΣΟΦΙΑ (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. Thus, it literally means 'love of wisdom'.

G2102

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-doh-kee-MOON-tee

Translations: prospering, succeeding, being in good repute, being well-esteemed, being approved, being well-pleasing, being well-regarded, being honored

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It describes someone or something that is prospering, succeeding, or enjoying a good reputation and approval. It can refer to being well-regarded or honored by others, or to being pleasing in someone's sight.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΗΜΕΡΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΦΗΜΕΩ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poo-tha-go-REH-oh

Translations: to be a Pythagorean, to follow Pythagoras, to be a follower of Pythagoras

Notes: This verb means to be a follower of Pythagoras or to adhere to the teachings of Pythagoras. It describes the act of practicing Pythagorean philosophy or living according to its principles.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Etymology: Derived from the proper noun ΠΥΘΑΓΟΡΑΣ (Pythagoras), referring to the ancient Greek philosopher and mathematician. The verb form indicates an action related to being a follower of Pythagoras.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G5426

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: froh-NOON-tee

Translations: (to) one thinking, (to) one understanding, (to) one being minded, (to) one having a mind

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phroneo', meaning 'to think' or 'to understand'. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the act of thinking, understanding, or having a particular mindset. It is used here in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' the person who is thinking or understanding.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΙ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΙ

G1256

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LEKH-thayn

Translations: I spoke, I conversed, I discussed, I reasoned, I preached

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb διαλέγομαι (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse, discuss, or reason with'. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and λέγομαι (legomai), the passive voice of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of speaking or reasoning, or engaged in a discourse.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΟΜΙΛΕΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G202

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-roh-ah-TAYS

Translations: hearer, a hearer, auditor, a student

Notes: This word refers to someone who hears or listens, an auditor. It can also denote a student or disciple, particularly one who attends lectures or listens to teachings. It is used to describe someone who is receptive to what is being said, whether it's a speech, a lesson, or a message.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩΝ, ΑΚΡΟΑΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἀκροάομαι (akroaomai), meaning 'to listen to, to hear', which itself comes from ἀκούω (akouō), 'to hear'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-oo-see-as-TAYS

Translations: companion, associate, fellow, a companion, an associate, a fellow

Notes: This word refers to a companion, an associate, or someone who shares in a common activity or fellowship. It is a compound word derived from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'οὐσία' (being, substance, or in this context, association). It describes someone who is in company with another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΙΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ is derived from the Greek word ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑ (synousia), meaning 'fellowship' or 'company', which itself comes from σύν (syn, 'with') and οὐσία (ousia, 'being', 'substance', or 'association'). The suffix -αστής indicates an agent or one who performs an action related to the root.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: DAI

Translations: indeed, truly, certainly, of course, then, now, but, and

Notes: This word is an adverb or conjunction used to emphasize or connect ideas. It can mean 'indeed' or 'truly' when emphasizing a statement, or 'then' or 'now' when indicating a sequence or transition. It often adds a sense of certainty or affirmation to what is being said. It can also function as a mild adversative or connective, similar to 'but' or 'and'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ, ΓΕ

Etymology: The word 'ΔΑΙ' is a particle, likely an emphatic or connective particle. Its precise etymology is debated, but it is thought to be related to other Greek particles that convey emphasis or transition.

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: moo-see-KEE

Translations: music, a music, art of the Muses, an art of the Muses, musical, skilled in music

Notes: This word refers to music or the art of the Muses, encompassing not only instrumental and vocal music but also poetry, dance, and other intellectual arts inspired by the Muses. It can be used to describe the practice or study of these arts, or as an adjective meaning 'musical' or 'skilled in music'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as an adjective)

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word ΜΟΥΣΑ (MOUSA), meaning 'Muse'. It literally means 'belonging to the Muses' or 'art of the Muses', referring to the goddesses of inspiration in Greek mythology who presided over the arts and sciences.

G795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-tro-no-MEE-ah

Translations: astronomy, a study of the stars

Notes: This word refers to the study of the stars and celestial bodies, particularly their movements and positions. It is a compound word derived from 'ἄστρον' (astron), meaning 'star', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom', thus literally 'the law of the stars' or 'the ordering of the stars'. In ancient contexts, it encompassed what we now call astronomy and sometimes astrology.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΣΤΡΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΟΥΡΑΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΣΤΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ' is derived from the Ancient Greek 'ἄστρον' (astron, 'star') and 'νόμος' (nomos, 'law' or 'arrangement'). It refers to the systematic arrangement or study of the stars.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-oh-meh-TREE-ah

Translations: geometry, a geometry

Notes: This word refers to the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces, solids, and higher dimensional analogs. It is a compound word derived from 'γῆ' (earth) and 'μετρία' (measurement), literally meaning 'earth-measurement' or 'land-measurement'. It is used to describe the science of measurement and spatial relationships.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΓΕΩΜΕΤΡΙΑ is derived from the Ancient Greek words γῆ (gē), meaning 'earth' or 'land', and μετρία (metria), meaning 'measurement'. It originally referred to the measurement of land, which was a practical application of the science.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G2529

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-top-SEH-sthai

Translations: to look down, to look down upon, to look at, to behold, to observe, to see

Notes: This word is a future middle infinitive, meaning 'to be about to look down' or 'to be about to behold'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ὄπτομαι (optomai), meaning 'to see' or 'to behold'. It implies looking down from a higher position or observing something carefully.

Inflection: Future, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb καθοράω (kathoraō) is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'. It implies looking down upon or observing something thoroughly.

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-teh-LOON-tone

Translations: of those completing, of those finishing, of those performing, of those bringing to an end, of those paying

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (TELEŌ), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. Therefore, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ means to complete, finish, bring to an end, accomplish, or pay. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the process of or has completed such an action. In the genitive plural, it often functions to describe 'of those who are completing' or 'of those who are bringing about'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (TELEŌ), meaning 'to complete' or 'to bring to an end'. ΤΕΛΕΩ itself comes from ΤΕΛΟΣ (TELOS), meaning 'end' or 'purpose'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-dakh-THEY-ees

Translations: you might be taught, may you be taught, you should be taught

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to teach' or 'to instruct'. Specifically, it is in the passive voice, meaning the subject is receiving the action of being taught. The optative mood indicates a wish, a possibility, or a potential action, often translated with 'might' or 'may'. It would be used in a sentence where someone expresses a desire or a hypothetical situation for another person to receive instruction.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Optative

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G4028

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ris-PA-say

Translations: distract, draw away, draw around, divert, draw off, draw attention away

Notes: This word means to draw attention away, to distract, or to divert. It can be used to describe the act of pulling someone or something away from a central point or focus, often implying a diversion or distraction. In the provided context, it refers to diverting or drawing off forces in a military sense, to draw attention away from one area to another.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΠΑΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ, ΕΚΣΠΑΩ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G2596, G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tee-DEIN

Translations: to look down, to behold, to perceive, to discern, to observe

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive of the verb 'καθοράω' (kathoraō), meaning 'to look down upon' or 'to behold'. It implies a careful or thorough observation, often with the sense of perceiving or understanding something fully. It can be used in sentences where one is describing the act of seeing something from a higher vantage point, or discerning a truth.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'καθοράω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. The combination suggests looking down upon something or seeing something thoroughly.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-THON

Translations: good, a good thing, benefit, advantage, what is good

Notes: This word describes something that is good, beneficial, or morally upright. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. As a neuter noun, it often refers to 'a good thing' or 'what is good' in a general sense, encompassing both moral excellence and practical benefit. It is frequently used to describe actions, outcomes, or qualities that are desirable or virtuous.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, referring to something that is 'good' or 'noble'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-py-NEH-sas

Translations: having praised, after praising, when he praised, he praised

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἐπαινέω' (epaineō), meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. As a participle, it describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, often functioning adverbially to indicate cause, time, or manner. In this form, it specifically refers to a masculine singular subject who performed the action of praising.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΣΑΣ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΗΣΑΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-PEM-peh

Translations: sent away, was sending away, dismissed, was dismissing, divorced, was divorcing

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἀποπέμπω', meaning 'to send away', 'to dismiss', or 'to divorce'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'πέμπω' (to send). In this form, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GAY-sah

Translations: I confessed, I acknowledged, I professed, I agreed, I promised

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ὁμολογέω (homologeo). It means to confess, acknowledge, profess, or agree. It implies speaking the same thing as another, or speaking in agreement with a truth or a promise. It is often used in contexts of openly declaring one's faith or acknowledging a fact.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word ὁμολογέω (homologeo) is a compound word derived from the Greek words ὁμός (homos), meaning 'same', and λόγος (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-nye

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ΟἾΔΑ, meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is used to express the act of knowing or having knowledge about something. For example, it can be used in constructions like 'I want to know' or 'it is good to know'.

Inflection: Perfect Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΟἾΔΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to primarily mean 'to know' through observation or experience, often implying a state of knowing rather than the process of learning.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0659

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-poh-too-KHOHN

Translations: having failed, failed, unsuccessful, missing the mark

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb ἀποτυγχάνω (apotynchanō), meaning 'to fail', 'to miss the mark', or 'to be unsuccessful'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action that has already occurred and relating it to a noun or pronoun in the sentence. It indicates someone who has experienced failure or has not achieved their goal.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΥΧΙΑ, ΑΣΤΟΧΙΑ

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dos

Translations: of hope, of a hope

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'hope'. It refers to an expectation, a confident anticipation, or a trust in something. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, hence 'of hope' or 'belonging to hope'. It is commonly used to express the concept of having or lacking hope.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'Ἐλπίς' (elpis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hope, to expect'. It is related to the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G4649

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: sko-PON

Translations: looking, looking at, considering, observing, watching, examining, a watcher, an observer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or neuter, genitive plural, or masculine or neuter, nominative or accusative singular. It describes the action of looking, observing, or considering something. It can be used to indicate someone who is actively watching or contemplating, or the act of doing so. For example, 'looking at the common good' or 'those who are observing'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive Plural; or Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΟΡΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΟΠΕΩ comes from the noun ΣΚΟΠΟΣ (skopos), meaning 'watcher' or 'goal'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *spek-, meaning 'to observe'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EM-el-lon

Translations: I was about to, they were about to, I intended, they intended, I was destined to, they were destined to

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb μέλλω. It describes an action that was on the point of happening, was intended to happen, or was destined to happen in the past. It often takes an infinitive verb to complete its meaning, indicating what the subject was about to do or intended to do.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word μέλλω comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to delay, to be slow'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G1634

Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb

Sounds like: ek-TRI-bain

Translations: to rub out, to destroy, to wear out, to efface, to obliterate

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out'. Therefore, it literally means 'to rub out' or 'to wear out completely'. It is used to describe the action of completely removing something by rubbing, or to signify destruction, obliteration, or wearing something down until it is gone. It can be used in contexts ranging from physical erasure to the complete destruction of something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub', 'to wear out', or 'to grind'. The combination emphasizes the complete removal or destruction of something through rubbing or wearing.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0659

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-TEE-theh-meh-nos

Translations: laying aside, putting off, taking off, laying down, depositing, renouncing

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ἀποτίθημι'. It generally means 'to lay aside' or 'to put off', often in a figurative sense of renouncing or abandoning something. It can refer to taking off clothes, but more commonly in a moral or spiritual context, it means to discard or cease from certain behaviors or attitudes. It describes an action that is ongoing or in progress.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0278

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-may-khah-NEE-ah

Translations: helplessness, perplexity, distress, despair, a lack of resources, difficulty

Notes: This word describes a state of being without a way or means to accomplish something, leading to a feeling of helplessness, perplexity, or despair. It signifies a situation where one is at a loss, unable to find a solution or escape a difficult circumstance. It can be used to describe a general state of being overwhelmed or a specific moment of being at an impasse.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΙΑ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΗΧΑΝΙΑ is a compound word formed from the alpha privative (Ἀ-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mechanē), meaning 'a device, contrivance, or means'. Thus, it literally means 'without a means or device'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tos

Translations: (of) being, (of) existing, (of) a being, (of) an existing one

Notes: ὈΝΤΟΣ is the genitive singular present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'existing'. It is often used in genitive absolute constructions, which function like a subordinate clause, indicating time, cause, or circumstance, such as 'while it was being' or 'because it was being'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOX-eh

Translations: it seemed, it was decided, it pleased, it seemed good

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seemed' or 'it was decided', especially in the sense of a decision or a judgment that was made. It can also convey the idea of something being pleasing or appearing good to someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. It developed in Greek to refer to what seems or appears to be the case, and then to what is decided or thought to be good.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: plah-toh-nee-KOIS

Translations: Platonic, to Platonists, for Platonists

Notes: This word is an adjective referring to anything related to Plato or his philosophy. When used as a substantive (like in the example), it refers to followers of Plato, or Platonists. In this form, it indicates the dative or locative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' Platonists, or 'among' Platonic things.

Inflection: Plural, Dative/Locative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: Derived from the proper noun ΠΛΑΤΩΝ (Platon), referring to the ancient Greek philosopher, and the suffix -ΙΚΟΣ (-ikos), which forms adjectives indicating 'belonging to' or 'pertaining to'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: POL

Translations: much, many, great, often, very, a lot

Notes: This word is a common prefix in Koine Greek, often indicating 'much,' 'many,' or 'great.' It is also the root form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many,' and can function as an adverb meaning 'often' or 'very.' In the provided context, 'ΠΟΛ' appears to be an abbreviation or a truncated form of a word like 'πόλις' (polis, city) or 'πολύς' (polys, much/many), or it could be part of a compound word. Without further context, its exact meaning as a standalone fragment is uncertain, but its most common use is as a prefix or the root of 'much/many'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); otherwise, it would inflect for gender, number, and case (e.g., Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Singular, Plural; Masculine, Feminine, Neuter).

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- 'to fill, full'. It is related to Latin 'plenus' (full) and English 'full'.

G2811

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEH-os

Translations: glory, fame, renown, a glory, a fame, a renown

Notes: This word refers to glory, fame, or renown, often implying a good reputation or widespread recognition. It can be used to describe the honor or praise received by someone, or the reputation that precedes them. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΕΥΦΗΜΙΑ, ΟΝΟΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- meaning 'to hear'. It is related to the verb 'to hear' (κλύω), suggesting something heard or spoken about widely.

G1927

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-day-MAY-san-tee

Translations: (to) sojourning, (to) residing, (to) visiting, (to) dwelling among, (to) being present

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΕΠΙΔΗΜΕΩ' (epidēmeō), meaning 'to sojourn', 'to reside', or 'to visit'. As a participle, it describes an action or state, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, referring to someone who is sojourning or residing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΕΩ, ΠΑΡΕΠΙΔΗΜΕΩ

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-rah

Translations: our, ours

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural (we). It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show that something belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'our land'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ (hēmeteros) is derived from the first person plural pronoun ΗΜΕΙΣ (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from this pronoun.

G4398

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: proo-O-khon-tee

Translations: (to) excelling, (to) being pre-eminent, (to) leading, (to) being prominent, (to) having pre-eminence

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προέχω' (proecho), meaning 'to excel' or 'to be pre-eminent'. It describes someone who is prominent, leading, or holds a position of superiority or distinction. It is used to refer to a person who stands out due to their qualities or position.

Inflection: Present, Active, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΕΥΟΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΟΝΤΙ, ΕΞΕΧΟΝΤΙ

G4927

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-dee-eh-TREE-bon

Translations: spent time with, associated with, lived with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-, meaning 'with' or 'together'), the preposition ΔΙΑ- (dia-, meaning 'through' or 'among'), and the verb ΤΡΙΒΩ (tribo, meaning 'to rub', 'to wear out', or 'to spend time'). Together, it means to spend time with someone or in a particular place, to associate with, or to live with. It implies a prolonged or continuous period of interaction or presence.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΩ is a compound of three elements: the prefix ΣΥΝ- (from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- 'one, together with'), the preposition ΔΙΑ- (from Proto-Indo-European *dwi- 'apart, in two'), and the verb ΤΡΙΒΩ (from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- 'to rub, grind'). The combination evolved to mean 'to spend time together' or 'to associate with'.

G4298

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EK-op-ton

Translations: was advancing, was making progress, was proceeding, was cutting forward

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'προκόπτω' (prokoptō), meaning 'to advance' or 'to make progress'. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and 'κόπτω' (koptō), meaning 'to cut' or 'to strike'. The original sense was 'to cut a way forward', like clearing a path through a forest. In a broader sense, it refers to making progress or advancing in any field, such as knowledge, skill, or spiritual growth. The form 'προέκοπτον' indicates an ongoing action in the past, specifically 'I was advancing' or 'they were advancing', depending on the context.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΥΞΑΝΩ

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G1929

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DIH-doon

Translations: they were giving over, they were delivering, they were yielding, they were increasing, they were adding

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to, in addition to) and the verb 'δίδωμι' (to give). In its imperfect form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can mean to give over, deliver, hand over, or to yield, surrender. It can also imply an increase or addition, meaning to give more or to advance.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-REH-ee

Translations: will lean, will rest, will trust, will rely

Notes: This word is a future active indicative form of the verb 'ἐρείδω' (ereidō), meaning 'to lean, to rest, to trust, or to rely upon'. It describes an action that will happen in the future, indicating a state of dependence or support. It can be used in contexts where someone or something will be supported by, or will place their trust in, another.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐρείδω' (ereidō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to prop, to support'.

G0781

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-SOH-mah-tohn

Translations: of incorporeal, of bodiless, of immaterial

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'incorporeal' or 'bodiless'. It describes something that does not have a physical body or material form. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'σῶμα' (sōma, meaning 'body'). It is used to refer to entities or concepts that exist without physical substance, such as spirits, angels, or abstract ideas.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ἈΫΛΩΝ, ἈΣΩΜΑΤΙΚΩΝ

G3563

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NO-ay-sis

Translations: understanding, comprehension, thought, mind, a mind

Notes: This word refers to the act of understanding or comprehending, or the faculty by which one understands, often translated as 'mind' or 'thought'. It denotes mental perception and the ability to grasp concepts. It can be used to describe the process of thinking or the result of that process.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, to understand', which is related to νοῦς (nous), meaning 'mind'.

G2334

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-oh-REE-ah

Translations: spectacle, sight, a sight, contemplation, theory, a theory, observation, a vision

Notes: This word refers to the act of looking at, observing, or contemplating something. It can denote a physical sight or spectacle, such as a public show or event, or a mental act of deep consideration and understanding, leading to what we now call 'theory'. It describes the act of beholding or perceiving, whether with the eyes or the mind.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΑ, ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΠΟΨΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'Θεωρία' (theōria) comes from the Greek verb 'θεωρέω' (theōreō), meaning 'to look at, observe, contemplate', which itself is derived from 'θεωρός' (theōros), meaning 'spectator'. It originally referred to the act of being a spectator at a public event or a religious festival, and later evolved to mean intellectual contemplation.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-DEH-ohn

Translations: (of) having seen, (of) those who have seen

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'to see' (εἶδον). It describes a state of having seen something in the past, with the results of that action continuing into the present. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself. In this form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'concerning' those who have seen.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ὉΡΩ͂ΝΤΩΝ, ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The root verb εἶδον (eidon), from which ἰδεῖν (idein) and its participle ἰδών (idōn) are derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a common verb for perception in Koine Greek.

G0386

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nep-teh-ROO

Translations: to give wings, to make winged, to excite, to rouse, to encourage, to inspire, to lift up, to become winged, to be excited, to be roused

Notes: This word describes the act of giving wings to something, or metaphorically, to excite, rouse, or inspire someone. It can also mean to become winged or to be excited oneself. It is often used to describe a feeling of being uplifted or encouraged, as if given the ability to soar.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΕΜΠΝΕΩ

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-li-GOO

Translations: of little, of few, a little, few, almost, nearly, a short time, a little while

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ὈΛΙΓΟΣ' (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few'. As an adjective, 'ὈΛΙΓΟΥ' is typically the genitive singular masculine or neuter form, meaning 'of little' or 'of few'. It can also function adverbially, meaning 'almost' or 'nearly', indicating proximity in time, quantity, or degree. When used adverbially, it often implies 'a little more and then...' or 'just short of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noo

Translations: (of) time, time

Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.

G4680

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: SOH-foss

Translations: wise, a wise person, skillful, clever

Notes: This word describes someone who possesses wisdom, skill, or cleverness. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun (e.g., 'a wise man') or as a substantive noun itself, meaning 'a wise person' or 'the wise one'. It often implies practical wisdom and understanding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΕΜΦΡΩΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European *sap- meaning 'to taste, to perceive'. It is related to the noun σοφία (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-GO-ne-nai

Translations: to have become, to have been, to have happened, to have come into being

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the results or state continuing into the present. It is often used to express a state of being that has come about, or an event that has occurred.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G0849

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OW-tee-kah

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly, directly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that an action happens without delay, right after something else, or without any intervening time. It emphasizes the promptness or suddenness of an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΘΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗ͂ΜΑ, ΤΑΧΈΩΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the pronoun αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self' or 'same', combined with the suffix -ικα, which forms adverbs of time or manner. It originally conveyed the sense of 'on the spot' or 'by itself'.

G5056