2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LAH-boy

Translations: may he take, may she take, may it take, may he receive, may she receive, may it receive, may he get, may she get, may it get

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' 'Λάβοι' specifically indicates a potential or desired action in the past, often translated with 'may' or 'might.' It is used to express a wish, a possibility, or a condition, particularly in dependent clauses.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Optative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΓΧΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2036

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-RAY-may-nah

Translations: things said, what has been said, the aforementioned things, the things spoken, the words

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ΕΡΩ' (ero), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. In its neuter plural form, it refers to 'things that have been said' or 'what has been spoken'. It functions substantively, meaning it acts like a noun, referring to a collection of previously mentioned statements or declarations. It can be used to refer back to earlier points in a text or conversation.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΙ, ΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The verb 'ΕΡΩ' (ero) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It is an alternative or poetic form of 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), which also means 'to say'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-nah

Translations: things that have happened, events, occurrences, what has come to pass

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. It refers to things that have come into existence, occurred, or taken place. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the things that have happened' or 'events'.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΑ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DIH-doh-nye

Translations: to give back, to pay back, to render, to restore, to repay, to yield, to deliver

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'back') and the verb δίδωμι (didomi, meaning 'to give'). It generally means 'to give back' or 'to return something that is due'. It can be used in contexts of repaying a debt, rendering an account, or yielding fruit. For example, one might 'give back' money, 'render' an explanation, or a field might 'yield' a harvest.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΥΣ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3381, G3382

Part of Speech: Particle, Noun

Sounds like: MAY-tee

Translations: surely, perhaps, whether, lest, counsel, wisdom, plan, skill

Notes: This word has two primary meanings depending on context. As an interrogative particle (G3381), it is used to introduce a question expecting a negative answer, often translated as 'surely...not?' or 'perhaps'. It can also introduce a question where the answer is uncertain, meaning 'whether' or 'lest'. As a noun (G3382), it refers to 'counsel', 'wisdom', 'plan', or 'skill'. This noun form is typically feminine.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

Etymology: The particle 'μητί' (G3381) is a compound of the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the enclitic interrogative particle 'τι' (what, why). The noun 'μῆτις' (G3382) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'μάομαι' (to seek, strive).

G2127

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-kah-tah-froh-NEE-tah

Translations: despicable, contemptible, insignificant, vile, easily despised, things easily despised, things contemptible

Notes: This word describes something that is easily despised, scorned, or looked down upon. It refers to something that is considered insignificant, contemptible, or vile. It is often used to describe things or people that lack importance or worth in the eyes of others.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΤΕΛΗΣ, ἈΣΘΕΝΗΣ, ἈΤΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three parts: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'easily'; κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against'; and φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'. Thus, it literally means 'easily thought down upon' or 'easily despised'.

G3539

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: noh-OON-tohn

Translations: understanding, perceiving, thinking, those who understand, those who perceive, those who think

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, understand, or think'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are understanding' or 'those who are perceiving'. It can be used to describe individuals or groups engaged in the act of mental comprehension.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΩΝ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΦΡΟΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1839

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-eh-TAH-zayn

Translations: to examine, to investigate, to inquire, to question, to scrutinize

Notes: This word means to examine, investigate, or question something or someone thoroughly. It implies a careful and detailed scrutiny, often with the purpose of discovering the truth or making a judgment. It can be used in contexts of legal inquiry, philosophical debate, or general inspection.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξετάζω (exetázō), a compound of ἐκ (ek, "out of") and ἐτάζω (etázō, "to examine, test"). It literally means "to examine out" or "to test thoroughly."

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MEE

Translations: circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It is often used in a literal sense, but in the New Testament, it can also be used metaphorically to refer to a spiritual transformation or a covenant relationship with God, as opposed to a mere physical act.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek verb περιτέμνω (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around', which is a compound of περί (peri, 'around') and τέμνω (temnō, 'to cut').

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noy

Translations: having become, being, having come to pass, having arisen, having been born, having happened

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state that has been achieved. It often translates as 'having become' or 'those who have become,' indicating a completed action that results in a new state or identity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-TEE-ah

Translations: cause, a cause, reason, a reason, charge, a charge, accusation, an accusation, fault, a fault

Notes: This word refers to the underlying cause or reason for an event or action. It can also denote a legal charge or accusation brought against someone, or the fault for something. It is used to explain why something happened or why someone is being blamed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑἸΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΙΑ comes from the verb αἰτέω (aitéō), meaning "to ask, beg, demand." It originally referred to the act of asking or demanding, then evolved to mean the ground or reason for such a demand, and subsequently, the cause or responsibility.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4399

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-TAH-tohn

Translations: of protectors, of leaders, of patrons, of chiefs, of rulers

Notes: This word refers to those who stand before or preside over others. It can mean a protector, a leader, a patron, or a chief. It describes someone who has authority or provides assistance and guidance to a group or individual.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ (prostátēs) comes from the verb προΐστημι (proïstēmi), meaning 'to stand before', 'to preside over', or 'to protect'. It is formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in front of', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.

G3550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: noh-moh-theh-SEE-as

Translations: of lawgiving, of legislation, of the giving of the law

Notes: This word refers to the act or process of making laws, or the system of laws itself. It is a compound word formed from 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law', and 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Thus, it literally means 'the placing of law' or 'the setting of law'. It is used to describe the establishment of a legal system or the body of laws that have been established.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΘΕΤΗΣΙΣ, ΝΟΜΟΘΕΤΗΜΑ

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-ne-AS

Translations: of a generation, of generations, a generation, generations, of a race, of races, a race, races, of a family, of families, a family, families, of a kind, of kinds, a kind, kinds

Notes: This word refers to a generation of people, a race, a family, or a kind/species. It can also denote the time span of a generation. In the provided examples, it is used in the phrase "generations of generations" (ΓΕΝΕΑΣ ΓΕΝΕΩΝ), emphasizing a very long or eternal duration.

Inflection: Singular Genitive or Plural Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning "to come into being" or "to be born."

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ax-ee-O-oon

Translations: to think worthy, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to demand, to request

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider someone or something worthy, or to deem them deserving of something. It can also mean to ask for something as if by right, or to demand. It is often used in contexts where a person is requesting something with a sense of entitlement or a belief in their own worthiness.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. The verb form means 'to deem worthy' or 'to consider worthy'.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoo-STHAI

Translations: to be justified, to be declared righteous, to be acquitted

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'δικαιόω' (dikaioō). It means 'to be justified' or 'to be declared righteous'. It describes the act of being made or considered righteous, often in a legal or theological sense, implying a declaration of innocence or right standing. It is used to express the state of being made just or right by an external agent.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΘΩΟΥΣΘΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0011

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-brah-AHM

Translations: Abraham, (to) Abraham, (of) Abraham

Notes: This is the proper name Abraham, a pivotal figure in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam). He is considered the patriarch through whom God established a covenant, promising him numerous descendants and a land. The name means 'father of a multitude'. It is used in sentences to refer directly to the person Abraham.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The name Ἀβραάμ (Abraham) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name אַבְרָהָם ('Avraham), which means 'father of a multitude' or 'father of many nations'. It was originally Abram, meaning 'exalted father', before God changed it.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MACE

Translations: of circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It can also refer to the state of being circumcised. In a broader sense, it can be used metaphorically to describe a spiritual cutting away or purification.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΒΥΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περιτέμνω (peritemnō, “to cut around”), from περί (perí, “around”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5126

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: too-TESS-tee

Translations: that is, that is to say, namely, i.e.

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the demonstrative pronoun 'this' (τοῦτο) and the verb 'is' (ἐστι). It functions as an adverbial phrase used to clarify, explain, or introduce an equivalent or more specific term for something previously mentioned. It can be used to elaborate on a statement or provide a definition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΝΟΤΙ, ΟΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the neuter singular nominative/accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΥΤΟ (this) and the third person singular present indicative active form of the verb ΕΣΤΙ (is).

G4521

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sahb-BAH-too

Translations: (of) Sabbath, (of) a Sabbath

Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, which is a day of rest and worship, observed by Jews from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. In the New Testament, it often refers to the seventh day of the week. The genitive form 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΥ' indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the Sabbath' or 'belonging to the Sabbath'. It is used to specify a time or event in relation to the Sabbath day.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'šabbāṯ' (שַׁבָּת), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

G4700

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spo-DON

Translations: ash, ashes, dust

Notes: This word refers to ash or dust, often implying something that has been burned or reduced to fine particles. It can be used literally to describe the residue of fire, or metaphorically to represent humility, mourning, or destruction, as in 'sitting in ashes' as a sign of repentance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ, ΤΕΦΡΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb σποδέω (spodeō), meaning 'to beat, to pound', suggesting something that has been pulverized.

G4376

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-fo-RON

Translations: of offerings, of gifts, of sacrifices, of oblations

Notes: This word refers to something brought or offered, typically a gift, offering, or sacrifice, especially in a religious context. It is a compound word, combining 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bring' or 'to carry.' It is used to describe items presented to God or to others as a sign of devotion or tribute.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΩΝ, ΘΥΣΙΩΝ, ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ (prosfora) is derived from the Greek preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward,' and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bring, to carry.' It literally means 'a bringing to' or 'that which is brought to.'

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4280

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ee-RAY-tai

Translations: it has been said beforehand, it has been foretold, it has been stated previously

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'προερῶ' (proerō), meaning 'to say beforehand' or 'to foretell'. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', and 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'I will say'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing relevance, specifically that something has already been stated or predicted.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'προερῶ' (proerō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the future form of the verb 'ἐρῶ' (erō), meaning 'I will say'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G0584

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-seh-teh

Translations: you will show, you will prove, you will demonstrate, you will point out, you will make known

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to show', 'to prove', or 'to demonstrate'. It implies making something clear or evident, often through evidence or reasoning. It can be used in contexts where one is presenting facts or arguments to establish a truth or to reveal something previously unknown. For example, one might 'show' or 'prove' a point in an argument.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-on

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, proper, a worthy thing, a fitting thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'worthy,' 'deserving,' or 'fitting.' It is used to describe something or someone that is of appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to say that something is 'worthy of' something else, often followed by a genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ (axios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to the idea of weighing or balancing, thus leading to the sense of 'having weight' or 'being worthy'.

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-nee-SOH-meh-non

Translations: that which is about to be, that which will happen, the future, a future thing

Notes: This word is a future middle/passive participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is going to come into existence or occur. In its neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is about to be' or 'the future'.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-THEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, any, not any, none

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that there is 'not any' of that noun. As a pronoun, it stands in for 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is often used in prohibitions or commands, especially with the subjunctive mood, to forbid an action.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thain

Translations: to enter, to go in, to come in

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to go in'. It describes the action of moving into a place or situation. It is often used to indicate the commencement of an action or the arrival at a destination.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕἸΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oo-DAH-mo-then

Translations: from nowhere, from no place, by no means, not at all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from nowhere' or 'from no place'. It can also be used to mean 'by no means' or 'not at all', emphasizing a complete absence or impossibility. It indicates that something does not originate from any source or that an action cannot be performed in any way.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΩΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΠΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ΔΕ (oude, 'not even') and the adverb ΑΜΟΘΕΝ (amóthen, 'from somewhere').

G0244

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: al-lakh-O-then

Translations: from elsewhere, from another place, from another direction

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or direction from a different place or source. It is often used to specify that something comes not from the expected or current location, but from somewhere else entirely. For example, 'He came from elsewhere' or 'The information was obtained from another source.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΩΘΕΝ, ΑΛΛΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other', combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates 'from' or 'from a place'.

G4302

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-E-fayn

Translations: I said before, I spoke before, I foretold

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to speak before', 'to say in advance', or 'to foretell'. It is often used to refer to something that has already been stated or prophesied. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before', and the verb φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word προφημί (prophēmi) is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MEN

Translations: circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. In Koine Greek, it often refers to the Jewish practice of circumcision, which was a sign of the covenant with God. It can be used in both a literal sense and a metaphorical sense, referring to a spiritual cleansing or transformation.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: From the Greek verb περιτέμνω (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around'. It is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-mar-too-RAY-thay

Translations: was testified, was borne witness to, was attested, was given a good report

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'was testified' or 'was borne witness to'. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō), which means 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. In this passive form, the subject is the one who receives the testimony or witness. It can also imply that someone received a good report or commendation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-RAY-tai

Translations: it has been said, it is said, it was said

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'erō' (to say, to speak). It indicates an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is commonly translated as 'it has been said' or 'it is said', often referring to something previously stated or written.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΛΕΚΤΑΙ, ΕΙΠΕΝ

Etymology: The verb 'erō' (to say, to speak) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put in order, to arrange, to speak'. It is related to other Greek words concerning speech and order.

G3049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-loh-gih-STHEE

Translations: was reckoned, was accounted, was considered, was imputed, was thought, was esteemed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon', 'to account', 'to consider', or 'to impute'. In this passive form, it indicates that something or someone was reckoned, accounted, or considered to be something. It describes an action completed in the past where the subject was the recipient of the reckoning or consideration.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΓΗΘΗ, ΝΟΜΙΣΘΗ, ΚΡΙΘΗ

Etymology: The word 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai) is derived from 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word', 'reason', or 'account'. It originally referred to the act of counting or calculating, and later extended to mental processes like reasoning, considering, and evaluating.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dih-kah-yoh-SOO-neen

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being righteous or just. It describes a state of moral uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in the context of God's character or the standard of conduct expected of believers.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΑΓΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) is derived from the adjective δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It is formed by adding the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which denotes a state, condition, or quality.

G203

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-roh-BOOS-tee-ah

Translations: uncircumcision, foreskin, a foreskin

Notes: This is a compound noun referring to the state of being uncircumcised or, more literally, the foreskin itself. It is often used in a religious or theological context to distinguish between Jews (who were circumcised) and Gentiles (who were uncircumcised). It can also refer to the physical foreskin.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΙΤΜΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek elements: ἄκρον (akron), meaning 'top' or 'extremity', and βύω (byō), meaning 'to fill' or 'to stop up', referring to the glans or foreskin. It literally means 'the extreme end of the foreskin'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SAH-kros

Translations: sacred, holy

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a very rare, non-standard transliteration of the Latin word "sacer" (sacred) into Greek letters. It is not a standard Koine Greek word. If it were used, it would likely mean "sacred" or "holy," similar to how the Latin word is used to describe something set apart for religious purposes or revered.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ

Etymology: This word is not a native Koine Greek term. It appears to be a direct transliteration of the Latin word "sacer," meaning "sacred" or "holy." The Latin word "sacer" itself derives from Proto-Indo-European.

G5547

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khri-STOO

Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G2932

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: kek-TEE-may-noos

Translations: having acquired, having possessed, possessing, those having acquired, those possessing

Notes: This word is the perfect participle, masculine plural, accusative case of the verb 'κτάομαι' (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire' or 'to possess'. As a perfect participle, it describes a state of having acquired something in the past, with the result of that acquisition continuing into the present. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often translated as 'those who have acquired' or 'those who possess'.

Inflection: Perfect, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-NAY-nai

Translations: to appear, to be seen, to shine, to become visible

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'phainō', meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'. It describes an action of becoming visible or being made manifest. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, indicating that something is to appear or be seen.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΦΑΝΗΝΑΙ, ΔΗΛΟΥΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'phainō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to shine' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of light or appearance.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G4519

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sahb-bah-TID-zane

Translations: to keep the Sabbath, to rest on the Sabbath, to observe the Sabbath

Notes: This word means to keep or observe the Sabbath day, which involves resting from work and engaging in religious activities. It is used to describe the act of adhering to the Sabbath commandment, particularly in the context of Jewish law.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Etymology: From ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ (SABBATON), meaning 'Sabbath', which is of Hebrew origin. The suffix -ιζω (-izo) indicates a verb meaning 'to do' or 'to make' something related to the root.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-rine

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΦΕΡΩ. It means "to bear," "to carry," or "to bring." It can also imply enduring something or producing fruit/results. It is used to express an action without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning like an English infinitive phrase.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to bear'. It is cognate with Latin ferō, English bear, and Sanskrit bharati.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-LEF-sthai

Translations: to be commanded, to be ordered, to be urged, to be bidden

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a passive infinitive, it signifies the action of 'being commanded' or 'being ordered'. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, often following verbs like 'it is necessary' or 'he wished'. For example, 'he wished to be commanded' or 'it is necessary to be ordered'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G0430

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-as-CHES-thai

Translations: to endure, to bear, to put up with, to tolerate, to hold up, to restrain oneself

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb ἀνέχω (anechō), meaning 'to hold up' or 'to endure'. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its infinitive form, it is used to express the action of enduring, bearing, or tolerating something, often implying a sense of patience or self-restraint in the face of difficulty or annoyance.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀνέχω (anechō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. The combination conveys the sense of holding oneself up or holding out against something, leading to the meaning of enduring or tolerating.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G1495

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-DOH-loh-lah-TROON-tes

Translations: worshiping idols, serving idols, practicing idolatry, those who worship idols, those who practice idolatry

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'worshiping idols' or 'serving idols'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of idolatry. It is a compound word formed from 'εἴδωλον' (eidōlon), meaning 'idol' or 'image', and 'λατρεύω' (latreúō), meaning 'to serve' or 'to worship'. Therefore, it literally means 'idol-worshiping' or 'idol-serving'. It is used to describe individuals or groups who are devoted to the worship of false gods or images.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕἸΔΩΛΟΛΑΤΡΗΣ, ΕἸΔΩΛΟΛΑΤΡΙΑ

G0765

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEH-bays

Translations: ungodly, impious, wicked, unrighteous, a wicked person, the ungodly

Notes: This word describes someone who is irreverent towards God, lacking in piety, or acting contrary to divine law. It can be used as an adjective to describe things or people, or substantively as a noun to refer to 'the ungodly' or 'wicked people'. It implies a deliberate disregard for religious or moral obligations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G0002

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-THEH-oy

Translations: godless, without God, an atheist, godless ones

Notes: This word describes someone who is without God or who denies the existence of God. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or a group, or as a noun to refer to 'godless people' or 'atheists'. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'without') and 'θεός' (theos, meaning 'God').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΟΙ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative alpha (ἀ-, 'not', 'without') and θεός (theos, 'God'). It literally means 'without God'.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ge-ge-NEE-meh-noy

Translations: having become, having been born, having come into being, having happened, having arisen, having been made

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to be born,' 'to come into being,' or 'to happen.' As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. In this form, it functions adjectivally, describing nouns that have undergone the action of becoming or being born. For example, it could refer to 'those who have been born' or 'things that have come into being.'

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth.' It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

G1781

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eh-TET-al-toh

Translations: had been commanded, had been ordered, had been enjoined, had been charged

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'entellō', meaning 'to command', 'to order', or 'to charge'. It is used to describe an action that had been commanded or ordered in the past, prior to another past event. It indicates that a command or instruction was given and completed before the main action of the sentence.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G4261

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proh-ah-poh-deh-DEEK-tai

Translations: it has been demonstrated beforehand, it has been shown previously, it has been proven already

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix προ- (pro-, meaning 'before' or 'previously') and the verb ἀποδείκνυμι (apodéiknymi, meaning 'to demonstrate, prove, show'). The word means 'it has been demonstrated beforehand' or 'it has been shown previously'. It is used to refer to something that has already been established or proven in a prior context or discussion.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Passive

G4280

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ee-ray-MEH-non

Translations: of the aforementioned, of the aforesaid, of the previously mentioned, of the things said before

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to things, statements, or people that have already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often translated as 'the aforementioned' or 'the aforesaid'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΩΝ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: el-THON-tas

Translations: having come, who came, those who came

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning "to come" or "to go." As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. In this form, it refers to a group of masculine individuals who have performed the action of coming.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΑΣ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁erǵʰ- (to move, to go).

G4975

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: skheh-DON

Translations: almost, nearly, well-nigh, about, approximately

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being true or happening, but not quite. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, conveying a sense of approximation or proximity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΜΟΝΟΝ

Etymology: From the root of Ancient Greek 'σχεῖν' (scheîn), meaning 'to have, to hold, to be near'. It implies being 'close at hand' or 'nearly'.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BOO-loh-my

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose

Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to take up, to receive, to assume, to lift up, to take along

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It signifies the action of taking something up, receiving it, or assuming a role or position. It can be used in contexts such as taking someone with you, lifting something physically, or receiving something into one's possession.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑἸΡΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναλαμβάνω is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambánō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Its etymology reflects the action of taking something upwards or anew.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-nye

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ΟἾΔΑ, meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is used to express the act of knowing or having knowledge about something. For example, it can be used in constructions like 'I want to know' or 'it is good to know'.

Inflection: Perfect Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΟἾΔΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to primarily mean 'to know' through observation or experience, often implying a state of knowing rather than the process of learning.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAH-teh-in

Translations: to do, to perform, to practice, to accomplish, to fare, to act

Notes: This verb means to do, to perform, or to accomplish something. It can also refer to how one fares or gets along, often in the sense of 'to do well' or 'to be well'. It describes actions or activities, often with a focus on the process or the habitual nature of the action.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From an intensive form of an obsolete primary verb, meaning to pass through, hence to experience, i.e. to do or make. It is related to the idea of passing through or accomplishing a task.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-EE-non-tai

Translations: they appear, they seem, they are seen, they shine

Notes: This word is a verb that means 'to appear,' 'to seem,' 'to be seen,' or 'to shine.' It is used to describe something becoming visible, evident, or manifest. It can also describe something giving light or being perceived in a certain way.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΦΑΙΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to shine' or 'to show.' It is related to words describing light, appearance, and manifestation.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-nai

Translations: having become, having come into being, having happened, having been made, having been produced, those having become, things that have happened

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has already come into existence or occurred. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results. For example, it could describe 'things that have happened' or 'people who have come into being'.

Inflection: Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-LAY-thays

Translations: true, real, truthful, genuine, a true, a real

Notes: This word describes something that is true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, counterfeit, or imaginary. It can refer to a person who is truthful, a statement that is accurate, or a thing that is authentic. It is often used to emphasize the reality or validity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΥΜΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and λήθω (lēthō, 'to escape notice, be hidden'), meaning 'not hidden' or 'unconcealed'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G0093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEE-ah

Translations: unrighteousness, injustice, wrong, wrongdoing, wickedness, an unrighteousness, an injustice, a wrong, a wrongdoing, a wickedness

Notes: This word refers to the quality or state of being unrighteous or unjust. It can also denote an act of unrighteousness, injustice, or wrongdoing. It is often used in contrast to righteousness (δικαιοσύνη) and implies a violation of divine or human law, or a failure to act justly.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΙΑ, ἈΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄδικος (adikos), meaning 'unjust', which is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'not justice' or 'without justice'.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss

Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: so-THEE-teh

Translations: be saved, you may be saved, you might be saved, be delivered, you may be delivered, you might be delivered

Notes: This word is the aorist passive form of the verb 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It can function as either a second person plural aorist passive subjunctive or a second person plural aorist passive imperative. In the subjunctive mood, it expresses a potential or desired action, often translated as 'you may be saved' or 'you might be delivered'. As an imperative, it functions as a command, meaning 'be saved!' or 'be delivered!'. It describes the state of being rescued or preserved, often from danger, destruction, or spiritual peril.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, 2nd Person Plural, Subjunctive or Imperative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΡΥΟΜΑΙ

G2100

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-ah-RES-too-noss

Translations: of pleasing, of being well-pleasing, of being acceptable, of being agreeable

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'pleasing' or 'being well-pleasing'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. As a participle, it can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing a verb. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, translating to 'of pleasing' or 'of one who is pleasing'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩΝ, ΕΥΔΟΚΩΝ

G3140

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: meh-mar-too-ray-MEH-noo

Translations: (of) having been testified, (of) having been witnessed, (of) having been borne witness to, (of) attested, (of) well-attested

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō). It describes something or someone that has been testified about, witnessed, or given a good report. It indicates a state of having been confirmed or attested to, often implying a reliable or reputable status. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'μαρτυρέω' (martyreō) comes from 'μάρτυς' (martys), meaning 'witness'. It refers to bearing witness, testifying, or giving evidence.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gee-OHN

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of sacred things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἈΓΙΟΣ' (hagios), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used as a noun, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'the city of the holy ones' or 'the temple of sacred things'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ὉΣΙΩΝ, ἹΕΡΩΝ

G4192