Dialogue with Trypho the Jew Chapter 47, Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5172

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TROO-fone

Translations: Tryphon

Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.

G1437

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5101

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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1492

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3326

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3778

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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G5547

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRIS-ton

Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, signifying his role as the promised deliverer. It is often used with the definite article 'the' (the Christ) or as a proper name (Christ). As an accusative form, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

G1211

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: day-LOH-no-tee

Translations: evidently, obviously, clearly, certainly, of course, it is clear that

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adjective 'δῆλος' (clear, evident) and the conjunction 'ὅτι' (that). It is used to emphasize that something is clear, obvious, or self-evident. It functions similarly to English phrases like 'it is clear that' or 'obviously'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΔΗΛΩΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΣΑΦΩΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Koine Greek adjective δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'clear' or 'evident', and the conjunction ὅτι (hoti), meaning 'that' or 'because'.

G4100

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-keh-nai

Translations: to have believed, to have trusted, to have been faithful

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It indicates an action of believing or trusting that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is often used in constructions where the main verb requires an infinitive complement, such as 'he claimed to have believed' or 'it is necessary to have trusted'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΕΝΑΙ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΘΑΙ

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4441

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYN-tha-neh-toh

Translations: he was asking, he was inquiring, he was learning, he was finding out

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle voice of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means 'he was asking', 'he was inquiring', 'he was learning', or 'he was finding out' something, often through questioning or investigation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G2532, G1565

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-nos

Translations: and that one, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (and) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (that one, he, she, it). It means 'and that one' or 'and he/she/it', often used to refer back to a previously mentioned person or thing, or to introduce another person or thing in a similar context. It functions as a pronoun with an added conjunctive sense.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Masculine

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5101

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3767

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5613

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3303

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5108

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tos

Translations: such, such a, such a kind, such a one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to something or someone previously mentioned or implied, indicating their nature or quality. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, standing in for a noun (e.g., 'such a one').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It inflects to agree with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun οὗτος (houtos, "this") and the correlative pronoun οἷος (hoios, "such as"). It literally means "this kind of".

G1519, G1487, G1488

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3381, G3382

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Part of Speech: Particle, Noun

Sounds like: MAY-tee

Translations: surely, perhaps, whether, lest, counsel, wisdom, plan, skill

Notes: This word has two primary meanings depending on context. As an interrogative particle (G3381), it is used to introduce a question expecting a negative answer, often translated as 'surely...not?' or 'perhaps'. It can also introduce a question where the answer is uncertain, meaning 'whether' or 'lest'. As a noun (G3382), it refers to 'counsel', 'wisdom', 'plan', or 'skill'. This noun form is typically feminine.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

Etymology: The particle 'μητί' (G3381) is a compound of the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the enclitic interrogative particle 'τι' (what, why). The noun 'μῆτις' (G3382) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'μάομαι' (to seek, strive).

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4982

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: so-THEE-son-tai

Translations: they will be saved, they will be delivered, they will be healed, they will be preserved

Notes: This word means "they will be saved" or "they will be delivered." It describes a future action where a group of people will experience salvation, deliverance, healing, or preservation. It is often used in a spiritual sense to refer to salvation from sin or danger, but can also refer to physical healing or rescue.

Inflection: Third person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

G4100

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-een

Translations: to believe, to trust, to have faith, to be convinced

Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith in someone or something. It implies a conviction or reliance. It is often used in the New Testament to describe faith in God or Jesus Christ, indicating a deep conviction and commitment. It can also be used in a more general sense of believing a statement or a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ (pisteuō) comes from the Greek word ΠΙΣΤΙΣ (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. It is related to the concept of being persuaded or convinced.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G2596

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1299

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-takh-THEN-tah

Translations: commanded, ordered, appointed, ordained, arranged, prescribed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diatassō', meaning 'to arrange thoroughly, to command, to order, or to appoint'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been commanded or ordered. It often refers to laws, regulations, or instructions that have been laid down.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΤΑΛΜΕΝΑ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΘΕΝΤΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΑ

G3551

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G0031

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAH-zoh-see

Translations: they compel, they force, they urge, they constrain

Notes: This word means to compel, force, or constrain someone to do something. It is used to describe an action where one person or group exerts pressure or authority over another, making them act against their will or inclination. It can also imply a strong urging or persuasion.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναγκάζω (anankazō) comes from ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. It implies an action driven by necessity or force.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G4100

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pis-TEV-on-tas

Translations: believing, trusting, having faith, a believer, those who believe

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'believing' or 'trusting'. It describes someone who is in the act of believing or has faith. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) referring to 'one who believes' or 'those who believe'. It implies a continuous state of faith or trust in someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ

G2228, G3588

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3361

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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G2841

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koy-noh-NEH-in

Translations: to share, to have fellowship, to participate, to communicate, to be a partner

Notes: This verb means to share in something, to have fellowship with someone, or to participate in an activity. It can also mean to communicate or impart something to others, or to be a partner with someone in a venture or belief. It describes the act of having something in common or engaging in a joint activity.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΩ

Etymology: From κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common, shared'. The verb form implies the act of making something common or sharing in it.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4848

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-dee-ah-go-GAYS

Translations: of association, of companionship, of living together

Notes: This word is a compound noun, meaning the act of associating with, living together with, or having companionship. It describes the state or action of being together with others. It is used to refer to the shared experience or interaction within a group or between individuals.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three parts: the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together'; the prefix ΔΙΑ- (dia-), meaning 'through' or 'across'; and the noun ΑΓΩΓΗ (agogē), meaning 'a leading', 'training', or 'conduct'. Together, these elements form the concept of 'leading through together' or 'living together'.

G0138

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-ROON-tahee

Translations: they choose, they take, they lift, they carry, they prefer

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they choose', 'they take', 'they lift', or 'they carry'. It is often used to describe a group of people making a selection or decision, or physically taking or lifting something. The meaning can vary depending on the context, sometimes implying a preference or selection, and other times a physical action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to grasp, to take'. It is related to words meaning 'to seize' or 'to lift'.

G3756

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0667

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DEH-kho-mai

Translations: receive favorably, accept, welcome, approve, acknowledge

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive'). It means to receive someone or something with favor, to accept, welcome, or approve of it. It implies a positive reception or acknowledgment. For example, one might 'accept' a statement or 'welcome' a person.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take'. The combination implies receiving something fully or completely, often with a sense of approval or acceptance.

G3982

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pei-THOH-meh-noos

Translations: obeying, being persuaded, trusting, yielding, being convinced

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'those who are obeying' or 'those who are being persuaded/convinced'. It describes an ongoing action of being influenced or yielding to something or someone. It can be used to describe people who are compliant or who have come to believe something.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΑΣ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1772

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EN-no-mon

Translations: lawful, legal, legitimate, a lawful thing

Notes: This word describes something that is in accordance with the law, custom, or established order. It refers to what is considered legitimate or proper according to a set of rules or principles. It can be used to describe actions, states, or things that are legally or morally permissible.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΝΟΜΟΣ (ennomos) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. Thus, it literally means 'in law' or 'according to law'.

G4174

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-li-TEI-an

Translations: citizenship, a citizenship, commonwealth, a commonwealth, conduct, a conduct, way of life, a way of life

Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state or commonwealth, or one's manner of life and conduct. It can describe the political system of a community or an individual's behavior within that community. In the provided form, it is the accusative singular, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΜΑ, ΒΙΟΣ, ΑΓΩΓΗ

G1519

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3671

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GHEE-an

Translations: confession, a confession, profession, a profession, acknowledgment, an acknowledgment, agreement, an agreement

Notes: This word refers to a confession, profession, or acknowledgment, often implying a public declaration or agreement. It is a compound word derived from 'homou' (together) and 'logos' (word or speech), literally meaning 'speaking the same word' or 'being of one mind'. It is used to describe an open declaration of one's beliefs or a formal agreement.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΙΣ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ (homologia) is derived from the Greek words ὁμοῦ (homou), meaning 'together' or 'the same', and λόγος (logos), meaning 'word', 'speech', or 'reason'. It signifies a 'speaking together' or 'agreement in word'.

G5274

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-lam-BAH-no

Translations: to take up, to receive, to suppose, to assume, to answer, to interrupt

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under, below) and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (to take, to receive). Its meaning varies depending on context, ranging from physically taking something up or receiving it, to mentally supposing or assuming something. It can also mean to answer someone or to interrupt a conversation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G3670

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GAY-san-tas

Translations: confessing, having confessed, acknowledging, having acknowledged, professing, having professed, agreeing, having agreed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'homologeo', meaning 'to confess', 'to agree', or 'to acknowledge'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone. In this form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past (aorist tense) by the subject, specifically 'those who confessed' or 'those who agreed'. It is often used to describe someone who has made a public declaration or commitment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'homologeo' is a compound word derived from 'homos' (meaning 'same' or 'one and the same') and 'logos' (meaning 'word' or 'speech'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree with what is said'.

G1921

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ig-NOH-n-tas

Translations: knowing, having known, recognizing, having recognized, understanding, having understood, perceiving, having perceived, learning, having learned, ascertaining, having ascertained

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'epiginōskō'. It describes an action of knowing, recognizing, or understanding that has been completed. It often implies a full, accurate, or experiential knowledge, going beyond mere acquaintance to a deeper, more complete understanding. It can be used to describe someone who has come to know or recognize something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'epiginōskō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to') and the verb 'ginōskō' (meaning 'to know'). The prefix 'epi' intensifies the meaning of 'ginōskō', suggesting a more complete or thorough knowledge.

G3748

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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HAY-tee-nee-OON

Translations: to whomsoever, to whatsoever, to any, to any whatsoever

Notes: This is an inflected form of the indefinite relative pronoun 'ὅστις' (hostis), meaning 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whosoever'. It is used to introduce a clause that refers to an unspecified or general antecedent. In this form, it indicates the dative case, singular number, and feminine gender, meaning 'to whomsoever' or 'to whatsoever' (feminine). It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' but with an added sense of indefiniteness or generality.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣΠΕΡ, ΟΣ

G0156

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-TEE-ah

Translations: cause, a cause, reason, a reason, charge, a charge, accusation, an accusation, fault, a fault

Notes: This word refers to the underlying cause or reason for an event or action. It can also denote a legal charge or accusation brought against someone, or the fault for something. It is used to explain why something happened or why someone is being blamed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑἸΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΙΑ comes from the verb αἰτέω (aitéō), meaning "to ask, beg, demand." It originally referred to the act of asking or demanding, then evolved to mean the ground or reason for such a demand, and subsequently, the cause or responsibility.

G3327

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-ta-BAN-tas

Translations: having gone over, having passed over, having departed, having crossed over

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone over' or 'having passed over'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate a change of place, state, or allegiance, or to describe the act of crossing from one side to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΝΤΑΣ, ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word μεταβαίνω (metabainō) is a compound word formed from μετά (meta), meaning 'with, after, among, change', and βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go with' or 'to go across'.

G0720

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ar-nay-sa-MEH-noos

Translations: denying, having denied, those who deny, those who have denied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀρνέομαι', meaning 'to deny' or 'to refuse'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of denying or has already denied something. It can refer to people who disown, reject, or refuse to acknowledge something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

G3778

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G5547

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOSS

Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.

G4250

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G5056

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-lew-TEES

Translations: of death, of an end, of a completion

Notes: This word refers to the act of dying, the end of life, or the completion of something. It is often used in contexts related to mortality or the conclusion of an event or process. In a sentence, it would typically function as a possessive or descriptive modifier, indicating something belonging to or related to death or an end.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΥ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: The word τελευτή (teleutē) comes from the verb τελευτάω (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish, complete, die'. It is related to τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'.

G3338

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-tag-NOHN-tas

Translations: repenting, having repented, changing one's mind, having changed one's mind

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'metaginōskō', meaning to change one's mind, to repent, or to regret. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a state of having repented or having changed one's mind. It is often used to describe someone who has had a change of heart or a change in their way of thinking or acting.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ

G3761

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G0669

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-FIE-noh-my

Translations: to show forth, to declare, to make known, to demonstrate, to prove, to appear, to be shown, to be declared

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀπό' (from, away from) and 'φαίνω' (to show, to appear). In the middle or passive voice, it means to show oneself, to appear, to be declared, or to be shown forth. It can be used to describe someone or something being revealed or made evident, or to declare one's opinion or judgment.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from") and φαίνω (phainō, "to show, to appear"). The compound verb means to show forth, to declare, or to make manifest.

G0011

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-brah-AHM

Translations: Abraham, (to) Abraham, (of) Abraham

Notes: This is the proper name Abraham, a pivotal figure in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam). He is considered the patriarch through whom God established a covenant, promising him numerous descendants and a land. The name means 'father of a multitude'. It is used in sentences to refer directly to the person Abraham.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The name Ἀβραάμ (Abraham) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name אַבְרָהָם ('Avraham), which means 'father of a multitude' or 'father of many nations'. It was originally Abram, meaning 'exalted father', before God changed it.

G2198

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tas

Translations: living, the living, those who are living

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently alive. It is often used substantively, meaning it functions like a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are alive'. It can be used in various contexts to distinguish between the living and the dead.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΖΩΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating the state of being alive.

G0979

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-oo

Translations: of life, of livelihood, of means of living, a life

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΒΙΟΣ' (bios), which refers to life, especially in the sense of one's earthly existence, way of life, or means of living. It can also refer to one's livelihood or possessions. As a genitive form, 'ΒΙΟΥ' often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of life' or 'of livelihood' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃-wo-s, meaning 'living'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.

G3122

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2653

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-nah-theh-mah-tee-SAN-tahs

Translations: having cursed, who cursed, those who cursed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having cursed' or 'those who cursed'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ἀναθεματίζω (anathematizo), meaning 'to curse' or 'to devote to destruction'. The compound intensifies the action, implying a strong or complete cursing. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑΤΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑΟΜΑΙ

G2653

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-nah-theh-mah-TEE-zon-tahs

Translations: cursing, anathematizing, binding by a curse, swearing with a curse

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'cursing' or 'anathematizing'. It describes an action of pronouncing a curse or binding oneself with an oath that involves a curse. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'ἀναθεματίζω' (anathematizō), meaning 'to curse' or 'to anathematize'. The 'κατά' prefix intensifies the action, implying a strong or definitive curse.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΘΕΜΑΤΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑΟΜΑΙ

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G525

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pal-LAH-goh-sin

Translations: they may be delivered, they may be set free, they may be released, they may be rid of

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō), meaning to deliver, set free, release, or get rid of. It is often used in the context of being freed from something, such as a burden, a debt, or a legal obligation. It can also mean to depart or remove oneself from a situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ἘΚΛΥΩ, ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΩ, ΛΥΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1063

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5544

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-STOH-tays

Translations: goodness, a goodness, kindness, a kindness, uprightness, an uprightness, benevolence, a benevolence

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being good, kind, or benevolent. It describes a moral excellence and a disposition to act kindly towards others. It can be used to describe the character of God or the virtuous behavior of people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek adjective χρηστός (chrēstos), meaning 'useful, good, kind'.

G5363

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-lan-throh-PEE-ah

Translations: love for mankind, philanthropy, humanity, kindness, a love for mankind, a philanthropy, a humanity, a kindness

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'love for mankind' or 'philanthropy'. It combines 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'ἄνθρωπος' (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human being'. It describes a benevolent disposition or action towards humanity in general, often implying kindness, compassion, or generosity. It can be used to describe a general attitude or specific acts of kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΑΓΑΠΗ, ΕΥΕΡΓΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΑ is a compound of φίλος (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ἄνθρωπος (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human being'. It literally means 'love of man' or 'love for humanity'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0280

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MEH-tron

Translations: immeasurable, boundless, excessive, without measure, a boundless thing, an immeasurable thing

Notes: This word describes something that is without measure, boundless, or excessive. It is often used to convey the idea of something being beyond calculation or limit, such as an immeasurable amount of wealth or an excessive degree of cruelty. It is a compound word formed from the alpha privative (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'μέτρον' (metron) meaning 'measure'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΜΕΤΡΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΕΤΡΟΝ is derived from the prefix ἀ- (alpha privative), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with the noun μέτρον (metron), meaning 'measure' or 'limit'. It literally means 'without measure'.

G3340

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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: meh-tah-no-OON-tah

Translations: repenting, a repenting one, one who repents, changing one's mind, having a change of heart

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'metanoeō', meaning 'to repent' or 'to change one's mind'. It describes someone who is in the process of repenting or changing their mind. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) referring to 'one who repents'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ

G1223

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G361

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Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nah-mar-TAY-ton

Translations: sinless, without sin, blameless, a sinless thing

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'sinless' or 'without sin'. It describes someone or something that is free from error, fault, or moral transgression. It is formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-, meaning 'without' or 'not') and 'ἁμαρτητός' (hamartētos), which means 'sinned against' or 'capable of sinning'. Therefore, 'ἀναμάρτητος' means 'not capable of sinning' or 'without sin'. It can be used to describe a person, an action, or a state of being.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΩΜΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'not, without') and the verbal adjective ἁμαρτητός (hamartētos), derived from the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō, 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin').

G1342

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-prax-EE-as

Translations: of righteous deed, of an act of righteousness, of a righteous act

Notes: This word refers to an act of righteousness or a righteous deed. It is a compound word formed from 'δίκαιος' (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just', and 'πρᾶξις' (praxis), meaning 'a doing' or 'an act'. It describes actions that are morally right and in accordance with divine or human law. It is used to denote the performance of what is just or right.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΠΡΑΞΙΑ is a compound noun derived from the adjective ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just', and the noun ΠΡΑΞΙΣ (praxis), meaning 'a doing' or 'an act'. It literally means 'a doing of righteousness'.

G3346

Open in Concordance

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-tah-tee-THEH-meh-non

Translations: changing, being changed, transferring, being transferred, removing, being removed, altering, being altered, translating, being translated

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being changed,' 'being transferred,' or 'being removed.' It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, or an action the subject is doing to itself. It is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after,' and 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G0093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEE-an

Translations: injustice, unrighteousness, wrong, a wrong, (to) injustice, (to) unrighteousness, (to) wrong

Notes: This word refers to the concept of injustice, unrighteousness, or a specific wrong act. It describes a state or action that is contrary to what is right or just, often implying a violation of law or moral principle. It can be used to describe both the abstract concept of injustice and concrete acts of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄδικος (adikos, "unjust"), which is formed from ἀ- (a-, "not") and δίκη (dikē, "justice"). Thus, it literally means "not justice" or "lack of justice."

G112

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-theh-OH-tay-tah

Translations: godlessness, ungodliness, atheism, a godlessness, an ungodliness, an atheism

Notes: This word refers to the state of being without God, or the denial of God's existence. It describes a condition of impiety or irreligion. It can be used in sentences to describe a lack of reverence for divine beings or a rejection of religious belief.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ἈΠΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἀθεότης (atheotēs) is derived from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'without' or 'not', and θεός (theos), meaning 'God'. The suffix -της (-tēs) forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality. Thus, it literally means 'the state of being without God'.

G0268

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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-mar-TOH-lon

Translations: sinner, a sinner, sinful, wicked, ungodly

Notes: This word refers to a person who commits sin or is characterized by sin. It can be used as a noun to describe a 'sinner' or as an adjective to describe something as 'sinful' or 'wicked'. It is often used in a moral or religious context to denote someone who deviates from divine or moral law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΟΣ is derived from the verb ἀμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'. The suffix -ωλος indicates a person characterized by or prone to the action of the verb.

G1987

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Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ep-is-TAH-tai

Translations: know, understand, be acquainted with, be skilled in, master, overseer, superintendent, director

Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand', indicating a deep familiarity or skill with something. It can also be used as a noun, referring to an 'overseer' or 'superintendent', someone who has knowledge and authority over a task or group. As a verb, it is often used to describe someone who is well-versed or proficient in a particular area. As a noun, it refers to a person in charge, often in a religious or administrative context.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural (Verb); Nominative, Plural, Masculine (Noun)

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G1352

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Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G2962

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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G2424

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G3631, G5342

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Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: sheep, to sheep, to the sheep, will bring, will bear, will carry

Notes: This word has two primary meanings depending on context. It can be the dative plural of the noun 'οἶς' (sheep), meaning 'to/for sheep' or 'to/for the sheep'. Alternatively, it can be the future indicative active third person singular of the verb 'φέρω' (to bear, carry, bring), meaning 'he/she/it will bring/bear/carry'. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Noun: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine. Verb: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ, ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G0302

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G2638

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LAH-boh

Translations: I will seize, I will grasp, I will overtake, I will comprehend, I will understand, may I seize, may I grasp, may I overtake, may I comprehend, may I understand

Notes: This word means to seize, grasp, overtake, or comprehend. It can refer to physically taking hold of something, or mentally understanding a concept. It is often used in the context of catching up to someone or something, or fully grasping a truth or idea.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future Active Indicative or Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5124

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G2919

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KREE-noh

Translations: judge, decide, discern, condemn, rule

Notes: This verb means to judge, decide, or discern. It can also carry the sense of condemning or ruling. It is used to describe the act of making a decision, passing judgment, or distinguishing between things. It implies a process of evaluation leading to a conclusion or action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: From a primary verb, probably akin to the root of G2917 (κρίμα), meaning to decide. It is the root of many words related to judgment and decision.

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Dialogue with Trypho the Jew, Chapter 47

Interlinear version from Justin Martyr (Beta)

47:1

47:2

47:3

47:4

47:5

This interlinear database is in beta