2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN

Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOO

Translations: of a commander, of a general, of a governor, of a captain, of a chief magistrate

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, general, or a civil governor or chief magistrate. In ancient Greek city-states, a strategos was an elected official responsible for military affairs, often holding significant political power. It can also refer to a captain or chief officer in a broader sense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound word derived from ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ (STRATOS), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G3918, G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEN

Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging

Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1285

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-sah-FOON-tah

Translations: making clear, explaining, declaring, showing plainly, expounding

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'making clear' or 'explaining'. It describes an ongoing action of clarifying or expounding something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence, indicating who or what is performing the action of making something clear.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1626

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EK-ploon

Translations: a sailing out, a voyage, a departure by sea

Notes: This word refers to the act of sailing out or embarking on a voyage by sea. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'πλοῦς' (plous), meaning 'a sailing' or 'a voyage'. It describes the beginning of a journey by ship.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΑΠΟΠΛΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΠΛΟΥΣ is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the noun πλοῦς (plous), meaning 'a sailing' or 'a voyage'.

G2350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tho-roo-BEE-thay

Translations: was disturbed, was troubled, was thrown into confusion, was agitated, was in an uproar

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'thorubeō'. It describes a state of being disturbed, troubled, or thrown into confusion. It indicates that the subject of the verb received the action of being agitated or put into an uproar, rather than performing the action themselves. It can refer to a person or a group of people being emotionally or physically disturbed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: OO-ah-ross

Translations: Varus

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Publius Quinctilius Varus, a Roman general and politician. He is most famously known for his defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD, where three Roman legions under his command were ambushed and destroyed by Germanic tribes. In Koine Greek texts, his name appears in historical accounts, such as those by Josephus, when discussing Roman administration or military events.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Varus' is of Latin origin, a Roman cognomen (surname) meaning 'bow-legged' or 'knock-kneed'. It was adopted into Koine Greek to refer to the specific historical figure.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, at hand, here, one who is present, a present one

Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative present active participle of the verb 'πάρειμι' (pareimi), meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently present or existing in a particular place or time. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the present man'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is present').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΩΝ, ΕΝΔΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'πάρειμι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'to be alongside' or 'to be present'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2796

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kee-NEE-seh-ohs

Translations: of movement, of motion, of commotion, of disturbance, of agitation, of a movement, of a motion, of a commotion, of a disturbance, of an agitation

Notes: This word refers to the act of moving or being moved. It can describe physical motion, but also a state of commotion, agitation, or disturbance, such as a political or social uprising. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΣΕΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΡΜΗ

G5098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-moh-REE-ah

Translations: punishment, vengeance, retribution, a punishment, a vengeance, a retribution

Notes: This word refers to punishment, vengeance, or retribution. It is often used in the context of divine or human justice, signifying the act of inflicting a penalty for an offense. It can be used to describe the consequence of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τιμωρία (timōría, “help, aid, vengeance, punishment”), from τιμωρός (timōrós, “avenging”), from τιμή (timḗ, “honor, price”) + ὀράω (horáō, “to see, look to”).

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-bal-OHN

Translations: having thrown around, having put on, having surrounded, having clothed, having encompassed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'periballō'. It describes an action of throwing something around, putting on clothing, or surrounding/encompassing something or someone. It can be used to describe someone who has clothed themselves, or an action of surrounding a place with walls, or encompassing someone with a snare.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-is-KHE-sin

Translations: delay, a delay, cessation, a cessation, stopping, a stopping, (to) delay, (to) cessation, (to) stopping

Notes: This word refers to a delay, a stopping, or a cessation of an action or process. It is used to describe a pause or an interruption. As an accusative noun, it would typically be the direct object of a verb, indicating what is being delayed or stopped.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΟΛΗ, ΚΩΛΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΧΕΣΙΣ (epischesis) comes from the verb ἐπέχω (epechō), meaning 'to hold upon, hold back, stop, delay'. It is formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon, over', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, hold'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-ee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having made, having done, having produced, having performed, having created, having appointed, having caused

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this form, it indicates an action performed by the subject for themselves or in their own interest (middle voice). It can be translated as 'having made' or 'having done', often implying the completion of an action that leads to a subsequent event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-O-khi-as

Translations: of Antioch

Notes: This word refers to the city of Antioch. It is a proper noun, and in this form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Antioch'. Antioch was a significant city in ancient times, particularly important in early Christian history.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Antioch' comes from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was common among the Seleucid kings who founded many cities named Antioch. It is derived from 'anti' (against, in front of) and 'echein' (to have, to hold).

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-ZY-gen

Translations: restoration, a restoration, re-establishment, a re-establishment

Notes: This word refers to a restoration or re-establishment of something. It implies bringing something back to its original or proper state, or setting it up again. It is used to describe the act of restoring order, a building, or a situation.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΖΥΓΗ (anazyge) is derived from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ζυγόω (zygoo), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. Thus, it literally means 'to yoke again' or 'to join again', leading to the sense of restoration or re-establishment.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-toh

Translations: was making, was doing, made, did, was producing, was performing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'was making for oneself' or 'was doing for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'was being made' or 'was being done'. The context usually clarifies whether it's middle or passive.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G5001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TAHG-mah

Translations: arrangement, order, a division, a company, a body, a rank

Notes: This word refers to something arranged in order, a fixed succession, or a division. It can denote a military division or a company of people, implying a structured group or a specific rank within a hierarchy.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΣΥΝΤΑΓΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order'. It refers to the result of such an arrangement.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G3007

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: LEI-po-me-nos

Translations: remaining, left behind, lacking, being left, being deficient, a remainder, one who is left behind

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is being left behind, remaining, or is deficient in some way. It can refer to what is left over after something else has been removed or used, or to something that is missing or wanting.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1993

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-is-toh-mee-OO-n-tas

Translations: muzzling, stopping the mouth, silencing, refuting

Notes: This word is a participle form of the verb 'epistomizo', meaning to muzzle, to stop the mouth, or to silence someone. It implies a forceful or authoritative act of silencing or refuting, often used in the context of stopping someone from speaking or arguing. It can be used to describe the action of someone who is actively muzzling or silencing others.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΙΜΟΩ, ΣΙΓΑΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G4002

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-RAH-ee-neh-toh

Translations: was being finished, was being accomplished, was being brought to an end, was being completed

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative passive form of the verb 'περαίνω' (perainō). It describes an action that was in the process of being finished, accomplished, or brought to an end in the past. It emphasizes the ongoing nature of the action rather than its completion.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'περαίνω' (perainō) comes from 'πέρας' (peras), meaning 'end' or 'limit'. It signifies bringing something to its conclusion or boundary.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4714

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: stah-see-AH-son-tos

Translations: about to revolt, about to cause a revolt, about to rise up in rebellion, about to cause dissension

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to revolt' or 'to cause dissension'. It describes someone who is on the verge of revolting, causing a rebellion, or stirring up conflict. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate an impending action of rebellion or strife.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΩΝ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-AY-ee

Translations: he was going away, he was departing, he went away, he departed

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time. It is used to indicate someone leaving a place or situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to go away from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-TROH-poss

Translations: steward, a steward, guardian, a guardian, manager, a manager, administrator, an administrator, tutor, a tutor, agent, an agent, procurator, a procurator

Notes: This word refers to a person entrusted with the management of a household, property, or affairs, often on behalf of another. It can denote a steward, a guardian, or an administrator. In some contexts, it refers to a tutor or a procurator, someone who acts as an agent or representative. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'τροπός' (a turn, way, manner, from 'τρέπω' meaning to turn).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΡΟΠΟΣ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun τροπός (tropos), meaning 'a turn' or 'way', which itself comes from the verb τρέπω (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally refers to one who 'turns over' or 'manages' affairs.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar-os

Translations: of Caesar

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-nas

Translations: having endured, having remained, having persevered, having waited patiently

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ὑπομένω' (hypomenō). It signifies the action of enduring, remaining, persevering, or waiting patiently, completed in the past. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing the subject who performed the action, or like an adverb, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main verb's action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'ὑπομένω' (hypomenō) is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to stay'. Thus, it literally means 'to remain under' or 'to stay under', which evolved to convey the sense of enduring or persevering through difficulties.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEE-ah

Translations: army, host, a host

Notes: This word refers to an army, a military force, or a large group of people, often a heavenly host. It is commonly used to describe a body of soldiers or a multitude of individuals acting together. For example, it can refer to the 'army of heaven' or a human military force.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ (stratia) comes from the Greek word στρατός (stratos), meaning 'encampment' or 'army'. It refers to a body of soldiers or a host.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-leh-LEEM-meh-nay

Translations: left behind, abandoned, forsaken, a left behind, an abandoned, a forsaken

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb καταλείπω (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes something that has been left behind or abandoned. It functions adjectivally, describing a noun, and can be translated as 'having been left behind' or simply 'abandoned' or 'forsaken'.

Inflection: Singular, Perfect, Passive, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: believing, one who believes, a believer

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of believing or trusting. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the believing person'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who believes' or 'a believer'). It implies a deep conviction, reliance, or faith in someone or something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine. Can be used adjectivally or substantively.

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ ΠΙΣΤΙΝ

G4022

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-soy-toh

Translations: would go around, would wander about, would surround, would encompass, would come around

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'περιέρχομαι' (perierchomai), which is a compound verb meaning 'to go around' or 'to wander about'. It can also mean 'to surround' or 'to encompass'. It describes movement in a circular or encompassing manner, or a state of aimless wandering. It is used in a hypothetical or potential sense.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Middle Voice, Optative Mood, Aorist Tense

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G3695

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OP-li-sas

Translations: having armed, having equipped, having furnished, having prepared

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having armed" or "having equipped." It describes someone who has completed the action of arming or preparing themselves or others. It is often used to indicate a preceding action that sets the stage for what follows.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΟΠΛΙΣΑΣ, ΕΞΟΠΛΙΣΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ΟΠΛΙΖΩ (hoplizo) is derived from the noun ΟΠΛΟΝ (hoplon), meaning "a tool, implement, weapon." The verb therefore means to furnish with tools or weapons, or to arm.

G1388

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-roo-PHO-roys

Translations: (to) bodyguards, (to) spear-bearers, (to) guards

Notes: This word refers to bodyguards or spear-bearers, often those who attend a king or high-ranking official. It is a compound word formed from 'δόρυ' (dory), meaning 'spear', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Thus, it literally means 'spear-carrier'. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, such as 'to' or 'for' bodyguards.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΟΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1893

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-PEY-gohn

Translations: hastening, urging, pressing, hurrying, being urgent, being in a hurry

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hastening' or 'urging'. It describes someone who is acting with speed or urgency, or who is pressing someone else to do something quickly. It can function adjectivally, describing a person or thing that is urgent, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'doing something urgently').

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπείγω (epeigō) comes from the prefix ἐπι- (epi-), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the root *σπειγ- (speig-), related to 'speed' or 'haste'.

G1613

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ta-RAS-son

Translations: disturbing, troubling, agitating, throwing into confusion, throwing into great alarm

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. Therefore, 'ἐκταράσσω' means to thoroughly disturb, greatly agitate, or throw into complete confusion or alarm. It describes an action that causes significant emotional or mental distress, often implying a deep or complete unsettling.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G0646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ap-os-TA-see

Translations: (to) apostasy, (to) rebellion, (to) revolt, (to) defection, (to) falling away

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a falling away, a defection, or a rebellion. It can describe a political revolt or, more commonly in a religious context, a turning away from faith or loyalty to God. It is used to indicate the means or instrument by which an action occurs, or the recipient of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ἈΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ἈΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ comes from the verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand off from' or 'to withdraw'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kras

Translations: top, highest, extreme, outermost, tip, summit, edge, end, a top, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, highest point, or extreme edge. It can refer to the tip of an object, the summit of a mountain, or the outermost part of something. It is often used to denote the extreme or ultimate degree of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΝ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἀκή' (akē), meaning 'a point' or 'edge'. It refers to the extreme point or summit of something.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-lam-BAH-neen

Translations: to receive, to take, to take along, to take over, to take aside, to take up, to take into partnership, to succeed to

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'from') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). As an infinitive, it expresses the action of receiving or taking in a general sense, often implying taking something from someone else, taking someone along with oneself, or taking over a responsibility. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of acquiring, accepting, or bringing someone or something into one's possession or company.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb παραλαμβάνω (paralambanō) is a compound of the preposition παρά (pará), meaning 'from beside, alongside', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambánō), meaning 'to take, to receive'. Its etymology reflects the action of taking something from a position alongside or from another's hand.

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KOHN

Translations: of royal things, of royal possessions, of the king's possessions, of the royal treasury, of the king's property

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'βασιλικός', meaning 'royal' or 'belonging to a king'. It describes something as pertaining to a king, a kingdom, or royalty. In this inflected form, it typically refers to things that are royal or belong to the king, such as royal property, royal funds, or royal family members, often implying possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'βασιλικός' (basilikos) is derived from 'βασιλεύς' (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to anything pertaining to a king or kingdom.

G2045

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-REH-oo-nay

Translations: search, a search, examination, an examination, inquiry, an inquiry

Notes: This word refers to the act of searching, examining, or inquiring. It describes a careful and thorough investigation into something, often with the aim of discovering truth or finding something hidden. It can be used in contexts where one is looking for information, scrutinizing details, or conducting an investigation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΗΣΙΣ, ΕΞΕΤΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΣΚΟΠΗΣΙΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2771

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KER-dee

Translations: gain, profit, advantage, a gain, a profit, an advantage

Notes: This word refers to a gain, profit, or advantage, often in a financial or material sense. It can also refer to the benefit or advantage derived from something. It is typically used to describe something acquired or obtained, whether good or bad, and can appear in various contexts where the concept of 'gain' is relevant.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΦΕΛΟΣ, ΠΛΕΟΝΕΚΤΗΜΑ, ΕΜΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word κέρδος (kerdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MEE-as

Translations: of desire, of longing, of lust, of covetousness, of passion

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire, longing, or craving. It can be used in a neutral sense for any strong desire, but often carries a negative connotation, referring to lust, covetousness, or unbridled passion, especially in a moral or ethical context. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and ΘΥΜΟΣ (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΠΟΘΟΣ, ΗΔΟΝΗ

G1763

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-STA-sees

Translations: occurrence, presence, a presence, a standing in, an onset, an attack, an objection, an opposition

Notes: This word refers to the act of standing in or being present, often implying an occurrence or the arrival of something. It can also denote an onset or attack, or more abstractly, an objection or opposition. In the provided context, it seems to refer to the 'occurrence' or 'arrival' of a festival.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΣΤΑΣΙΣ (enstasis) comes from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', and the noun στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing in' or 'a state of being in'.

G4005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pen-tay-kos-TAYS

Translations: of Pentecost, of the fiftieth

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Pentecost, which is celebrated on the fiftieth day after Passover. It is also adopted in Christianity as a major feast day commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles. It is used to indicate the time or occasion of this festival.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From the Greek adjective πεντηκοστός (pentēkostós), meaning 'fiftieth', derived from πεντήκοντα (pentēkonta), meaning 'fifty'. The festival is named for occurring on the fiftieth day after Passover.

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

G3967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-oss

Translations: of a father, ancestral, traditional, hereditary, native, national, a father's

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to a father, or is inherited from ancestors, thus meaning ancestral, traditional, or native. It is often used to refer to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations within a family or a nation. For example, one might speak of "ancestral customs" or "native land."

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative; Singular or Plural (declines like a 2nd declension adjective)

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) forms adjectives indicating belonging or origin, thus 'belonging to a father' or 'from a father'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-KLEE-meh-nee

Translations: called, named, a called one, a named one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been called' or 'having been named'. It functions adjectivally, describing a noun that has undergone the action of being called or named. It can be translated as 'called' or 'named' and often refers to something that has been designated or given a specific appellation.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- ('to shout, call'). In Koine Greek, it means 'to call, invite, name'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAY

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often violent, emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous wrath against sin. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΧΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to work, to do'. The word originally referred to an 'impulse' or 'disposition', which then developed into the meaning of 'anger' or 'wrath' as an internal working or agitation.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: FEH-ron-tes

Translations: bearing, carrying, bringing, enduring, leading, those who bear, those who carry, those who bring

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΦΕΡΩ, meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to bring,' or 'to endure.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'bearing,' 'carrying,' or 'those who bear/carry,' depending on the context. It describes an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G4867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-THROY-sthay-san

Translations: they were gathered together, they assembled, they collected

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. It describes a group of people or things coming together in one place. The prefix 'συν-' (syn-) means 'with' or 'together', and the root 'ἀθροίζω' (athroizō) means 'to gather'. This form indicates that the action was performed by a group in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

Etymology: From the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἀθροίζω' (athroizō), meaning 'to gather', which itself comes from 'ἀθρόος' (athroos), meaning 'crowded, in a mass'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G3849

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAH-noo

Translations: very, exceedingly, altogether, quite, entirely, completely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. It conveys a sense of completeness or high degree, similar to 'very' or 'exceedingly' in English. It can be used to emphasize the extent or quality of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: From the root ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It developed into an adverb indicating 'altogether' or 'completely'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, a great number, throng, a throng

Notes: This word refers to a large number of people or things, a crowd, or a multitude. It is commonly used to describe a large gathering of people, such as a crowd following Jesus or a large assembly. It can also refer to a great quantity or abundance of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of PIE *pleh₁- 'to fill'. It refers to the state of being full or numerous, hence a multitude.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-po-soy

Translations: as many as, how many, all who, whoever

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'how many'. It introduces a clause that refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It can be used to indicate 'all those who' or 'whoever' in a plural sense.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΣΟΙ, ΠΟΣΟΙ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, “this, that”) and the indefinite pronoun σός (sos, “your”). It is related to the interrogative pronoun πόσος (posos, “how much, how many”).

G4023

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-RAH-san-tee

Translations: (to) having passed over, (to) having gone through, (to) having accomplished, (to) having finished

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'perao', meaning 'to pass over' or 'to go through'. As a dative participle, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', and describes someone or something that has completed the action of passing over, going through, or accomplishing something. It can refer to a person or thing that has crossed a boundary, completed a task, or endured an experience.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΙ, ΤΕΛΕΣΑΝΤΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loo

Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot

Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.

G3729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ohr-MAY-kay-san

Translations: they rushed, they urged, they set out, they started, they attacked

Notes: This word describes an action of moving forward with force or intention, such as rushing, setting out on a journey, or launching an attack. It implies a strong impulse or urge to act.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΟΡΜΑΩ, ΕΚΧΕΩ

Etymology: From ὅρμος (hormos, "a chain, a mooring"), from Proto-Indo-European *ser- ("to bind, to tie"). The verb implies a strong impulse or a starting point, like a ship leaving its mooring.

G3551

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: neh-mee-THEN-tes

Translations: having been distributed, having been allotted, having been pastured, having been divided, having been assigned

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ΝΕΜΩ. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, where the subject has received or undergone the action of being distributed, allotted, or pastured. It implies a division or assignment of something, such as land, resources, or even people into groups.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΝΕΜΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΕΜΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: strah-toh-peh-DEH-ohn-tai

Translations: they encamp, they pitch camp, they set up camp

Notes: This word describes the action of setting up a military camp or stationing troops. It is used to indicate that a group of people, typically soldiers, are establishing their temporary living quarters in a particular location. It is a compound word, combining 'στρατός' (army) and 'πέδον' (ground).

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ is derived from the noun στρατόπεδον (stratopedon), meaning 'camp' or 'encampment'. This noun itself is a compound of στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment', and πέδον (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-ohn

Translations: of places, of fields, of lands, of pieces of land, of countries

Notes: This word refers to a specific place, a piece of land, a field, or a region. It can denote a small plot of ground, a larger area, or even a country. In its genitive plural form, as 'ΧΩΡΙΩΝ', it indicates possession or origin related to multiple places or lands.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΩΝ, ΑΓΡΩΝ, ΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΧΩΡΙΟΝ' is a diminutive of 'ΧΩΡΟΣ' (choros), meaning 'place, space, region'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2462

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hip-po-DRO-mon

Translations: hippodrome, a hippodrome, racecourse, a racecourse

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'ἵππος' (hippos), meaning 'horse', and 'δρόμος' (dromos), meaning 'a course' or 'a running'. It refers to an ancient Greek stadium or arena used for horse racing and chariot racing. It is typically used to denote the specific location where such races take place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ΙΠΠΟΔΡΟΜΟΣ' is derived from the Ancient Greek 'ἵππος' (hippos, 'horse') and 'δρόμος' (dromos, 'course' or 'running'). It literally means 'horse-running place'.

G0618

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-LAH-bon-tes

Translations: receiving, having received, taking back, having taken back, obtaining, having obtained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to receive' or 'to take back'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the state of having received something or having taken something back. It can be used to describe someone who has obtained a reward, a promise, or something that was due to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΆΝΩ, ΔΈΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΊΖΩ

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: loy-PON

Translations: of the remaining, of the rest, of the others, furthermore, finally, as for the rest

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining. As an adjective, it describes things or people that are left. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'furthermore', 'finally', or 'as for the rest', indicating a transition or conclusion in discourse.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-seem-BREE-an

Translations: south, noon, midday, a south wind

Notes: This word refers to the direction of the south or the time of midday/noon. It can also refer to the south wind. It is a compound word formed from 'μέσος' (middle) and 'ἡμέρα' (day), literally meaning 'middle of the day'. In the provided examples, it is used to indicate the direction 'south'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΤΟΣ, ΜΕΣΟΝΥΚΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΗΜΒΡΙΑ (mesēmbria) is a compound of μέσος (mesos, "middle") and ἡμέρα (hēmera, "day"). It originally referred to midday or noon, and by extension, the direction of the sun at noon, which is south.

G5157

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: tet-RAH-mme-noy

Translations: turned, turned about, turned away, directed, those who have been turned

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'τρέπω' (trepo), meaning 'to turn' or 'to direct'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a state of having been turned or directed. It refers to individuals or things that have undergone the action of being turned or changed in direction.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΕΚΛΙΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'τρέπω' (trepo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn'.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOI-ran

Translations: a part, a portion, a share, a lot, destiny, fate

Notes: ΜΟΙΡΑΝ is a feminine noun meaning a part, portion, or share of something. It can also refer to one's lot in life, destiny, or fate. It is used to describe a division or allocation of something, or the predetermined course of events for an individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *smer- meaning 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G3351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOY-rah

Translations: part, portion, share, lot, fate, destiny, a part, a portion, a share

Notes: This word refers to a part, portion, or share of something, often implying an allotted portion or a division. It can also signify one's lot or destiny, the fate assigned to a person or thing. In some contexts, it can refer to the personification of fate or destiny. It is used to describe a segment or a division of a whole.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *smer- meaning 'to allot, assign'. It refers to that which is allotted or assigned, hence a portion or fate.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1416

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: DYOO-meh-non

Translations: setting, going down, sinking, entering, a setting, a going down

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'δύω' (dyo), meaning 'to sink, set, or go down'. It describes something that is in the process of setting or going down, often used in reference to the sun or other celestial bodies. For example, it can refer to the 'setting sun' or the 'west' (the direction where the sun sets).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-on

Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, royal palace, a royal palace, royal power, reign, royal

Notes: This word primarily functions as a noun meaning 'kingdom,' 'royal palace,' or 'royal power/authority.' It can refer to a literal territory ruled by a king, the physical dwelling of a king, or the abstract concept of royal dominion. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly,' describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as a noun); Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king.' The suffix -ιον (-ion) indicates a place or thing associated with the root.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-PRAS-seh-toh

Translations: was being done, was being performed, was being practiced, was being carried out

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to perform,' or 'to practice.' It describes an action that was continuously happening or being carried out in the past by an external agent. For example, 'it was being done' or 'things were being performed.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'πράσσω' (prassō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to pass through,' 'to travel,' or 'to accomplish.' It is related to the idea of moving forward to achieve something.

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-lee-OR-kee-ah

Translations: siege, a siege

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation of surrounding a place and cutting off its supplies to compel its surrender. It is a compound word derived from 'πόλις' (polis, city) and 'ἔργον' (ergon, work/deed), literally meaning 'city-work' or 'city-deed'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb πολιορκέω (poliorkeō, to besiege), which is a compound of πόλις (polis, city) and ἔργον (ergon, work, deed). It literally means 'city-work' or 'city-deed', referring to the act of besieging a city.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-pan-TAH-kho-then

Translations: from everywhere, from all directions, from all sides

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from everywhere' or 'from all directions'. It describes the origin or source of something, indicating that it comes from all possible places or sides. It is often used to emphasize the comprehensive nature of something's origin.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΘΕΝ, ΠΑΝΤΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the adjective ἅπας (hapas), meaning 'all' or 'whole', and the adverb πανταχόθεν (pantachothen), meaning 'from all places' or 'from everywhere'.

G616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-keh-KLEI-smeh-nohn

Translations: of having been shut up, of having been closed, of having been excluded, of having been locked away

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been shut up' or 'having been closed off'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being shut or excluded. It is often used to describe places or people that are confined or inaccessible.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΛΕΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΕΚΛΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G3640

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-li-GOH-oh

Translations: I make little, I diminish, I despise, I make light of, I belittle

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make little, to diminish, to despise, or to belittle'. It describes the action of reducing something in size, importance, or value. It can be used in contexts where someone or something is being made insignificant or treated with contempt.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΟΩ, ἘΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ὈΛΙΓΟΩ (oligoo) is derived from the adjective ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos), meaning 'little, few'. It describes the action of making something 'little' or 'few'.

G2348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tha-NEIN

Translations: to die, to be dead

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'θνήσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used to express the act of dying or to complete the meaning of another verb, often translated as 'to die' or 'dying'. It refers to the cessation of life.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'θνήσκω' (thnēskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the concept of death.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-nohn

Translations: making, doing, performing, producing, of making, of doing, of performing, of producing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make', 'to do', 'to perform', or 'to produce'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action being done by or to someone or something. It can be used to form a subordinate clause, indicating an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: het-TAS-thai

Translations: to be defeated, to be overcome, to be inferior, to be worsted, to be vanquished

Notes: This word describes the state of being defeated, overcome, or rendered inferior. It is used to express the idea of losing a contest, being outmatched, or succumbing to a force or circumstance. It often implies a passive state, where one is acted upon rather than acting.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'Ητταομαι' (hettaomai) is derived from the noun 'ἧττα' (hetta), meaning 'defeat' or 'inferiority'. It signifies the state of experiencing or suffering defeat.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THEL-ayn

Translations: to wish, to desire, to want, to be willing, to intend, to choose

Notes: This verb expresses a strong desire, willingness, or intention to do something. It indicates a volitional act, often implying a deliberate choice or a deep-seated wish. It can be used in various contexts to show that someone is inclined or disposed to act in a certain way.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of the root of G1473 (ἔθω), meaning 'to be accustomed'. The word implies a habitual or natural inclination towards something, evolving into the sense of wishing or desiring.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kree-NEH-ee-an

Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, a decision, dispute, a dispute

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or a dispute. It is used to describe an act of discerning or deciding, or a legal or moral determination. It can also refer to a controversy or a matter under contention.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: The word κρίνεια (krineia) is derived from the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It refers to the act or result of judging.

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G4914

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soon-AY-thess

Translations: customary, usual, common, ordinary, a customary, a usual

Notes: This word describes something that is customary, usual, or common. It refers to things that are habitual or familiar. It can be used to describe actions, practices, or objects that are regularly encountered or done.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΘΙΜΟΣ, ΕΙΩΘΟΣ

Etymology: From σύν (syn), meaning 'with', and ἔθος (ethos), meaning 'custom' or 'habit'. It literally means 'being with custom' or 'accustomed'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-too

Translations: (of) greatest, (of) biggest, (of) largest, (of) most important

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the superlative adjective 'μέγιστος' (megistos), meaning 'greatest' or 'biggest'. It is used to describe something that is supreme in size, importance, or degree. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of greatness to the highest extent, often translated with 'of the greatest' or 'of the biggest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ, ΥΨΙΣΤΟΥ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΥ

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEV-mah

Translations: army, a body of troops, a troop, a soldier

Notes: This word refers to an army, a body of soldiers, or a military force. It can also refer to an individual soldier within such a force. It is used to describe a group of armed men organized for warfare or military service.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve as a soldier', which in turn comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army'.

G4023

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-ess-KHEE-koh-toss

Translations: of having surrounded, of having encompassed, of having contained, of having held, of having restrained

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning "having surrounded," "having encompassed," "having contained," or "having held." It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun). In this genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with "of."

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning "around" or "about," and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning "to have" or "to hold." Thus, its core meaning is "to hold around" or "to encompass."

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-pi-ZEIN

Translations: to hope, to expect, to trust

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to place one's hope, trust, or confidence in someone or something, or to expect something to happen. It often implies a confident expectation, especially in divine promises or future events. It can be used with a preposition like 'ἐπί' (epi) followed by a dative or accusative case to indicate the object of hope or trust.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the noun ἐλπίς (elpis), meaning 'hope'.

G2695

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-koh-pay-SEH-sthai

Translations: to be cut down, to be cut to pieces, to be slaughtered, to be smitten

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to cut' or 'to strike'. Therefore, κατακόπτω means 'to cut down' or 'to cut to pieces'. ΚΑΤΑΚΟΠΗΣΕΣΘΑΙ is the future passive infinitive form, indicating an action that will be done to the subject, such as 'to be cut down' or 'to be slaughtered'. It is used to express the future state of being violently destroyed or overcome.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΖΩ, ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word κατακόπτω is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to cut' or 'to strike'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leef-THEN-tas

Translations: having been taken, taken, received, arrested, seized, those who were taken

Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the aorist passive participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a passive participle, it describes someone or something that has had the action of 'taking' or 'receiving' done to them. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often translated as 'those who were taken' or 'having been taken'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to seize'.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-REE-oo

Translations: of a garrison, of a fortress, of a stronghold, of a guard, of a prison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a garrison, fortress, or stronghold, used for defense or as a place of confinement. It can also refer to the act of guarding or keeping watch. In the provided context, it clearly refers to a physical structure.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hyp-see-LOH-tah-ton

Translations: highest, a highest, most high, a most high, loftiest, a loftiest, most exalted, a most exalted

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ὑψηλός' (hypsēlos), meaning 'high' or 'lofty'. As a superlative, it means 'highest', 'most high', 'loftiest', or 'most exalted'. It is used to describe something that is at the greatest height or of the greatest eminence or importance. In the provided examples, it describes the 'highest' elephant or the 'highest' tower of a fortress.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΚΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ

G4444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PYR-gohn

Translations: of towers, towers

Notes: This word refers to towers, which are tall, fortified structures, often part of a city wall or a standalone defensive building. In its genitive plural form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of towers' or 'belonging to towers'. It can also be used to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a tower or a fortified structure.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOH-meh-nos

Translations: having seized, having grasped, having overtaken, having comprehended, having understood, having found, having laid hold of

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It describes an action that has been completed by the subject. It can mean to seize, grasp, or take possession of something, often with force or determination. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, or to comprehend and understand a concept. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has performed the action of seizing, understanding, or overtaking.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOO

Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: oh-ee-ko-do-MEE-meh-non

Translations: built, having been built, constructed, a built thing

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been built or constructed. It can also be used substantively, referring to the thing that has been built. It implies a completed action of building.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word οἰκοδομέω (oikodomeō) is a compound word derived from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house', and δέμω (demō), meaning 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'to build a house'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-may-non

Translations: said, spoken, what has been said, a saying, a word

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing something that 'has been said' or 'spoken'. It can also be used substantively as a noun, referring to 'that which has been said' or 'a saying'. For example, it might refer to a specific statement or a previously mentioned point.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ῬΗΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: The verb 'λέγω' (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *leg-, meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out, count, tell, say'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-lew-TEES

Translations: of death, of an end, of a completion

Notes: This word refers to the act of dying, the end of life, or the completion of something. It is often used in contexts related to mortality or the conclusion of an event or process. In a sentence, it would typically function as a possessive or descriptive modifier, indicating something belonging to or related to death or an end.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΥ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: The word τελευτή (teleutē) comes from the verb τελευτάω (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish, complete, die'. It is related to τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys

Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans

Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.

G2024

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peks-EE-eh-nai

Translations: to go out against, to go through, to go over, to proceed, to attack, to pursue, to explain, to recount

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over'), ἐκ (ek, 'out of'), and the verb εἶμι (eimi, 'to go'). It means to go out against someone or something, often with hostile intent, or to proceed through or over something, such as a topic or a list, implying a detailed explanation or recounting. It can also mean to pursue or attack.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OOD

Translations: not, no, nor, neither, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It is often used in combination with other negative words to strengthen the negation, such as in the phrase "οὐ μή" (ou mē), which conveys a strong, emphatic negation, often translated as "never" or "by no means." It can also function as a conjunction meaning "nor" or "neither," connecting two negative clauses or ideas.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou) and the particle δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. It emphasizes the negation.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: tol-MOHN

Translations: daring, venturing, being bold, presuming, one who dares, one who ventures

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'τολμάω'. It describes someone who is currently daring, venturing, or being bold. It can be used to describe an action being performed by a subject, often translated as 'daring to do something' or 'one who dares'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΩΝ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word τολμάω (tolmaō) comes from the Greek root τολμ- (tolm-), meaning 'to endure' or 'to dare'. It is related to the concept of enduring hardship or having the courage to face something.

G2716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tee-EH-nai

Translations: to go down, to descend, to come down

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It describes the action of moving from a higher place to a lower one. It is used to express purpose or result, often following verbs like 'he ordered' or 'it is necessary'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΙΕΝΑΙ is derived from the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΙΕΝΑΙ (ienai), the infinitive of ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to go down'.

G4310

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ap-oth-NEES-kane

Translations: to die before, to die beforehand, to die in advance

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to die before' or 'to die in advance of someone or something'. It combines the idea of dying (ἀποθνήσκω) with the prepositional prefix πρό (pro), indicating 'before' in time or order. It describes an action of dying that precedes another event or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΡΟΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, 'before'), the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from' or 'away from'), and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, 'to die'). The verb θνῄσκω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: tol-MAY-san-TON

Translations: of those who dared, of those who ventured, of those who presumed, of those who were bold

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τολμάω', meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes the action of 'daring' or 'venturing' as belonging to a group of people. It functions similarly to a possessive phrase, indicating 'of those who dared' or 'of the ones who were bold'. It can be used to refer to a group of men or a group of things (neuter).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1841

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EX-oh-don

Translations: exit, an exit, departure, a departure, exodus, an exodus, way out, a way out

Notes: This word refers to a going out, a departure, or an exit. It can be used for a physical exit from a place, or metaphorically for a departure from life, such as death. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'ὁδός' (way, road).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΗΜΙΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΟΔΟΣ is a compound of the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the noun 'ὁδός' (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. It literally means 'a way out' or 'a going out'.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khee

Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict

Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.

G2900

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kar-teh-RAH

Translations: of strong, of fierce, of steadfast, of enduring, of mighty, of powerful

Notes: This word describes something as strong, fierce, steadfast, or enduring. It is often used to describe battles, struggles, or resistance, indicating a powerful or unyielding quality. In the provided examples, it modifies 'μάχης' (battle), indicating a 'fierce battle'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΣ (karteros) comes from the root ΚΑΡΤΟΣ (kartos), meaning 'strength' or 'might'. It is related to the verb ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ (kartereo), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to endure'.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ra-TOON

Translations: they were holding, they were seizing, they were prevailing, they were ruling, they were taking hold of, they were mastering

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb κρατέω (krateō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to hold,' 'to seize,' 'to grasp,' 'to be strong,' 'to prevail,' or 'to rule.' It often implies exercising power or control over something or someone. For example, it could be used to say 'they were holding onto the rope' or 'they were prevailing over their enemies.'

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

G3700, G3708

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: OP-say

Translations: sight, appearance, face, a sight, a face, you will see, you will look, he will see, he will look

Notes: This word has two primary interpretations based on its form. It can be the dative singular of the noun ΟΨΙΣ (opsis), meaning 'sight,' 'appearance,' or 'face.' In this case, it would typically be translated as 'to sight,' 'to appearance,' or 'to face.' It can also be the future active indicative, second or third person singular, of the verb ΟΡΑΩ (horaō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look.' In this case, it would be translated as 'you will see' or 'he/she/it will see.' The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Dative, Singular (for Noun); Future, Active, Indicative, Second Person Singular or Third Person Singular (for Verb)

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

G4098

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pep-TOH-ko-tohn

Translations: of those who have fallen, of the fallen, of those who fell

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes a state of having fallen or being in a fallen condition. It is used to refer to a group of people or things that have experienced a fall, whether literally (e.g., falling to the ground) or figuratively (e.g., falling from grace, falling in battle, falling into ruin). In a sentence, it would function adjectivally or substantively, modifying or referring to the 'ones who have fallen'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΕΠΤΩΚΟΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΠΕΠΤΩΚΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb πίπτω (piptō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fall'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G4023

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-oh-DEH-oo-san-tes

Translations: having gone around, having traveled around, having gone about, having made a circuit

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'periodeuō', meaning 'to go around' or 'to travel through a region'. It describes an action of moving in a circuit or making a tour. It is often used to describe someone who has completed a journey or visited various places.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'periodeuō' is a compound word formed from 'peri' (around, about) and 'hodeuō' (to travel, to journey). 'Hodeuō' comes from 'hodos' (way, road).

G4744

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sto-AS

Translations: of a portico, of a colonnade, of a porch, of a stoa

Notes: This word refers to a portico, a colonnade, or a covered walkway, often with columns, typically found in ancient Greek and Roman architecture. It was a common public space used for walking, meeting, and philosophical discussions. The term 'Stoic' philosophy derives its name from the Stoa Poikile (Painted Porch) in Athens, where its founders taught. This form of the word indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand', suggesting a place where one stands or is supported.

G2539

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAI-per

Translations: although, though, even though, even if

Notes: The word "ΑΙΠΕΡ" appears to be a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek word "ΚΑΙΠΕΡ". "ΚΑΙΠΕΡ" is a compound particle used to introduce a concessive clause, meaning "although" or "even though". It emphasizes that something is true despite a contrary fact. It is often followed by a participle or a finite verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ, ΕΙ ΚΑΙ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), meaning "and" or "even," and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which is an intensive particle emphasizing the preceding word or phrase.

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G4033

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-BOH-lon

Translations: enclosure, a enclosure, wall, a wall, fence, a fence, circuit, a circuit, surrounding area, a surrounding area

Notes: This word refers to something that surrounds or encloses, such as a wall, a fence, a boundary, or a defined area. It can describe a physical structure or a conceptual space that encompasses something.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΑΓΜΟΣ, ΚΥΚΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It literally means 'that which is thrown around' or 'that which surrounds'.

G0269

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MAH-khoo

Translations: of invincible, of unconquerable, of unbeatable, of irresistible

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is invincible, unconquerable, or irresistible. It is used to describe a force, a person, or a quality that cannot be fought against or overcome. It implies an overwhelming power or strength.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΗΤΤΗΤΟΣ, ἈΝΙΚΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΑΧΟΣ (amachos) is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and ΜΑΧΗ (machē) meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. Thus, it literally means 'without battle' or 'not to be fought against'.

G863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-FEE-eh-san

Translations: they were sending away, they were letting go, they were forgiving, they were permitting, they were leaving

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'they were sending away,' 'they were letting go,' 'they were forgiving,' 'they were permitting,' or 'they were leaving.' For example, it could describe people continuously releasing something, or repeatedly forgiving someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ἘΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ross

Translations: of hand, of a hand, of the hand, of power, of authority, of control

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In Koine Greek, 'hand' can refer not only to the physical limb but also metaphorically to power, authority, control, or agency. When used in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the agent by which something is done, thus translating to 'of hand' or 'by the hand of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'χείρ' (cheir) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, meaning 'hand'. It is related to words for hand in other Indo-European languages.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-par-AN-tes

Translations: having been, being, existing, belonging, having existed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ὑπάρχω' (hyparchō), meaning 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to belong'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb in the sentence. It conveys the sense of 'having been' or 'having existed' in a certain state or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΣΤΑΥΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word Ὑπάρχω (hyparchō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. Over time, its meaning evolved from 'to begin under' to 'to be in existence' or 'to be present'.

G5158

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TROH-poo

Translations: of a way, of a manner, of a custom, of a mode, of a kind, of a style, of a turn, of a course

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a way, manner, custom, or mode of doing something. It can also denote a turn or a course. In its genitive form, as seen here, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin or characteristic, translating as 'of a way' or 'of a manner'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΗ, ΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΟΠΟΣ (tropos) comes from the Greek verb ΤΡΕΠΩ (trepō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to direct'. It refers to the way in which something turns or is directed, hence its meaning of 'manner' or 'way'.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khees

Translations: of battle, of fight, of combat, of a battle, of a fight, of a combat

Notes: This word refers to a battle, fight, or combat. It is used to describe a physical conflict or struggle between individuals or groups. As a noun, it can function as the subject or object of a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΥ, ΑΓΩΝΟΣ, ΕΡΙΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ (machē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It is related to words signifying struggle or combat.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-per-DEK-see-oy

Translations: very skillful, very clever, very dexterous, very able

Notes: This word describes someone who is exceedingly skillful, clever, or dexterous. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right-handed' or 'skillful'. Thus, it literally means 'overly skillful' or 'beyond skillful'. It is used to emphasize a high degree of ability or proficiency in a particular area.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΟΣ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΡΔΕΞΙΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond, above', and δεξιός (dexios), meaning 'right-handed, skillful, clever'. The combination emphasizes an exceptional degree of skill or ability.

G2021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-kheh-REE-sthai

Translations: to attempt, to undertake, to lay hands on, to put one's hand to, to try

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'χείρ' (hand). It generally means to put one's hand to something, hence to undertake, attempt, or try to do something. It can also imply an aggressive action, like laying hands on someone. It is often used in contexts where an effort or an initiative is being made.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΆΩ, ἘΠΙΒΆΛΛΩ, ἘΓΧΕΙΡΈΩ

G0640

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-POH-roy

Translations: without resources, destitute, helpless, in difficulty, impassable, difficult, perplexed

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is without resources, at a loss, or in a state of difficulty. It can refer to a person who is destitute or perplexed, or to a situation that is impassable or difficult to navigate. It is often used to describe a lack of means or a state of being without a way forward.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative; or Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ἈΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ

G0422

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nef-IK-ton

Translations: unattainable, impossible, an unattainable thing, an impossible thing

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be reached, achieved, or accomplished. It refers to something that is beyond one's grasp or capability, making it unfeasible or out of reach.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΠΡΟΣΙΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἈΝ- (an-, 'un-') and ΕΦΙΚΤΟΣ (ephiktos, 'attainable'), which comes from ΕΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ (ephikneomai, 'to reach, attain').

G1519, G0203

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-ah-kon-TID-zein

Translations: to throw into, to hurl into, to cast into

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to throw into' or 'to hurl into'. It describes the action of propelling something, often a weapon like a javelin or dart, into a specific location or towards a target. It combines the preposition 'εἰς' (into) with the verb 'ἀκοντίζω' (to hurl a javelin).

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΡΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΑΚΟΝΤΙΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (into, to, toward) and the verb ἈΚΟΝΤΙΖΩ (to hurl a javelin or dart). ἈΚΟΝΤΙΖΩ is derived from ἈΚΩΝ (javelin, dart).

G3985

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pei-ROH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those who are trying, (to) those who are attempting, (to) those who are testing, (to) those who are experiencing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'to those who are trying, attempting, testing, or experiencing.' It describes an action being performed by or upon the subject, indicating an ongoing process of putting something to the test or undergoing an experience. It is used in a dative context, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TEH-sthai

Translations: to be held, to be seized, to be overcome, to be mastered, to be prevailed over, to be held fast, to be apprehended

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'κράτεω' (krateō). It describes the state of being held, seized, or overcome by something or someone. It can refer to being physically held, or to being mentally or emotionally mastered by a feeling or influence. It implies a state of being under the power or control of another.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΝΙΚΑΣΘΑΙ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ES-tay

Translations: stood together, stood with, stood by, came together, gathered, was formed, was composed, was established, was commended, was proved

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi), meaning 'to stand together with', 'to bring together', 'to establish', 'to commend', or 'to prove'. It can describe people or things coming together, or the act of something being formed or established. It can also be used in the sense of commending or proving something. The meaning often depends on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'συνίστημι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-sah

Translations: being, existing, that is, who is, a being, the one being

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. It is used to qualify a noun, often translated as 'being', 'existing', or 'that is/who is'. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and can be either nominative or accusative, depending on its role in the sentence.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G1777

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: droh-MEH-noys

Translations: (to) those being done, (to) those being performed, (to) those being acted upon, (to) those being accomplished

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being done' or 'being performed'. It is used here in the dative plural, referring to 'those to whom something is being done' or 'those for whom something is being performed'. It describes actions or things that are currently in the process of being carried out or experienced by a group.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΡΑΩ (drao) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. It is related to words signifying action and performance.

G4744

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stoh-A-ees

Translations: to porticoes, to colonnades, to porches, to stoas

Notes: This word refers to a portico, colonnade, or porch, typically a covered walkway supported by columns. It was a common architectural feature in ancient Greek and Roman cities, often used as a public gathering place or market. In the provided context, it refers to the porticoes of a temple or other building where guards might be stationed or people might gather.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΤΥΛΟΝ, ΠΡΟΠΥΛΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΣΤΟΑ' (stoa) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stand'. It refers to a standing structure, specifically a covered walkway or portico.

G2990

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-THON-tes

Translations: having escaped notice, secretly, unawares, without being noticed, unbeknownst

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λανθάνω' (lanthanō), meaning 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that happened in the past and often conveying the sense of doing something 'secretly' or 'without being observed'. It implies that the subject performed an action while remaining unnoticed or unknown to others.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΦΑΙΩΣ, ΑΦΑΝΩΣ, ΣΙΓΗ

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-beh-BEH-koh-tahs

Translations: those who have gone up, having gone up, ascended

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, accusative masculine plural, derived from the verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō), meaning 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' or 'to climb.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already been completed by the subject. In this form, it refers to 'those who have gone up' or 'having ascended.' It functions like an adjective or a noun, describing a group of males who have performed the action of going up.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ἈΝΕΒΗΚΟΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards,' and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to go up' or 'to step up.'

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pros-te-THEI-me-non

Translations: added, having been added, that which has been added, an added thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been added' or 'that which has been added'. It describes something that has already undergone the action of being added. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. Therefore, it literally means 'to place in addition to'. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) itself, referring to the thing that has been added.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΠΙΤΕΘΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word προστίθημι (prostithēmi) is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-reen

Translations: to raise, to awaken, to stir up, to erect, to build

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'. It can be used in various contexts, such as raising a person from sleep or death, raising a structure like a wall or mound, or stirring up emotions or actions. It implies bringing something from a lower or inactive state to a higher or active one.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΝ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΥΝ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- ('to awaken, to rouse').

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-nohn

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable, of those who are able, of those who are powerful, of those who are strong, of those who are capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are able' or 'of those who are powerful'. It can be used to describe the capabilities or strength of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G0680

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEEP-teh-toh

Translations: was touching, used to touch, was taking hold of, was clinging to

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive third person singular form of the verb ἅπτομαι (haptomai). It describes an action of touching, taking hold of, or clinging to something that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It often takes a genitive object, meaning 'to touch something' or 'to take hold of something'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΦΑΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΨΗΛΑΦΑΩ

Etymology: The verb ἅπτομαι (haptomai) is derived from the root ἅπτω (hapto), meaning 'to fasten, to light, to kindle'. In the middle voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to attach oneself to, to touch'.

G5035

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TAKH-os

Translations: speed, swiftness, quickness, haste, a speed, a swiftness, a quickness, a haste

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being quick or swift. It denotes speed, quickness, or haste. It is used to describe the rate at which something moves or happens, often implying a rapid pace.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΥΔΗ, ΤΑΧΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the root *takh- (to be swift), related to the verb τάσσω (tassō, to arrange, order). It refers to the quality of swiftness or speed.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-REKH-ohn

Translations: providing, supplying, offering, granting, causing, one who provides, by providing

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō). It means 'to provide,' 'to supply,' 'to offer,' 'to grant,' or 'to cause.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb. It can be translated as 'providing,' 'one who provides,' or 'by providing,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G1808

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pah-lay-LEE-meh-non

Translations: anointed, smeared, rubbed, an anointed thing, a smeared thing, a rubbed thing

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle (neuter singular) of the verb ἐπαλείφω (epaleiphō), meaning 'to anoint, smear, or rub on'. It describes something that has been thoroughly anointed or smeared, indicating a completed action. It functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which has been anointed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΜΥΡΟΝ

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HE-kane

Translations: to have come, to be present, to arrive, to come, to be fitting, to pertain to

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive of the verb ἥκω. It describes the state of having arrived and being present, or the action of coming. It can also be used impersonally to mean 'it is fitting' or 'it pertains to' when followed by an infinitive.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- 'to follow'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to have come' or 'to be present', implying a state of having followed a path to a destination.

G2782

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-fah-NEE-zeh-toh

Translations: was vanishing, was disappearing, was being destroyed, was being corrupted

Notes: This word is the third person singular, imperfect, indicative, passive form of the verb 'ἀφανίζω' (aphanizo). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that something was in the process of vanishing, disappearing, or being destroyed. It implies a gradual or continuous action of becoming unseen or ceasing to exist.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-LEH-thros

Translations: destruction, ruin, perdition, a destruction, a ruin, a perdition

Notes: This word refers to utter destruction, ruin, or perdition. It signifies a state of complete loss or annihilation, often implying a final and irreversible end. It is used to describe the outcome of something being completely undone or brought to nothing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΦΘΟΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi), meaning 'to destroy, to lose'. It describes the state or result of being destroyed.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-ben

Translations: he seized, he overtook, he apprehended, he understood, he attained, she seized, she overtook, she apprehended, she understood, she attained, it seized, it overtook, it apprehended, it understood, it attained

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The verb can mean to seize, lay hold of, overtake, apprehend, or understand. Its meaning often depends on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension or attainment.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'καταλαμβάνω' is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The prefix 'κατά' intensifies or directs the action of 'λαμβάνω'.

G2622

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tahr-rah-GEN-tos

Translations: having burst forth, having broken out, having poured down, having broken through, having torn apart

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to break through,' 'to burst forth,' or 'to tear apart.' It describes something that has violently broken open or poured out, often referring to water, a storm, or a barrier. It indicates a completed action with a strong, forceful outcome.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΕΚΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ris-TAH-don

Translations: around, standing around, all around, on every side

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'standing around'. It describes an action or state that encompasses an area or surrounds something. It is often used to indicate that something is happening on all sides or in a circular fashion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΩ, ΠΑΝΤΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΣΤΑΔΟΝ is derived from the adjective ΠΕΡΙΣΤΑΔΙΟΣ, meaning 'standing around'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΕΡΙ (peri), meaning 'around', and the root of the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAL-lon

Translations: they were throwing, they threw, they were casting, they cast, they were putting, they put

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō). It describes an action of throwing, casting, or putting that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they were throwing stones' or 'they kept putting things down'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-REE-ah

Translations: perplexity, a perplexity, difficulty, a difficulty, distress, a distress, want, a want, lack, a lack

Notes: This word refers to a state of being at a loss, without resources, or in great difficulty. It can describe a situation of perplexity or embarrassment, or a lack of means, such as poverty or destitution. It is often used to describe a state of being without a way forward or a solution.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΑ, ΠΕΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πόρος (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'. Thus, it literally means 'no way' or 'without resource'.

G2556

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOO

Translations: (of) evil, (of) harm, (of) bad, (of) wickedness, (of) trouble, (of) misfortune

Notes: This word refers to something that is bad, evil, or harmful. As a noun, it can mean evil, harm, or trouble. As an adjective, it describes something as bad or wicked. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often after the preposition 'ἀπὸ' (from), indicating 'from evil' or 'from harm'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-ess-TEE-koh-toss

Translations: of standing around, of surrounding, of being present, of being near

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'periistēmi'. It describes something that has come to stand around, surround, or be present. It often refers to a situation or circumstance that has come to encompass or affect someone, or to people who have gathered around.

Inflection: Participle, Perfect Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2468

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-EH-san

Translations: they sent, they threw, they cast, they put, they let go

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἵημι' (hiēmi), meaning 'to send,' 'to throw,' 'to cast,' 'to put,' or 'to let go.' It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they threw the stone' or 'they sent the message.'

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ἵημι (hiēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *yeh₁- meaning 'to throw, to send.'

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khro-MEH-noy

Translations: using, employing, dealing with, having dealings with, those using, those employing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in using or dealing with something. It can refer to people who are accustomed to something or who are in the habit of doing something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From an assumed root *χρα-, meaning 'to handle, to use'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-oo-NTO

Translations: they were making, they were doing, they were performing, they were producing

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, middle or passive voice, and third person plural. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, performed by a group of people. In the middle voice, it means 'they were making/doing for themselves' or 'they were causing to be made/done'. In the passive voice, it means 'they were being made/done'. The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G2770

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-TOH-pin

Translations: behind, after, afterward, subsequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'after'. It can refer to spatial position, indicating something is located at the rear, or to temporal sequence, meaning 'afterward' or 'subsequently'. It is often used to describe following someone or something, or an event happening later in time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ὄπις (opis, 'back, rear'). It literally means 'down from behind' or 'from the back'.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kho-RAY-san-tes

Translations: having gone, having made room, having advanced, having contained, having withdrawn, having come

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χωρέω', meaning 'to make room, to go, to advance, to contain, or to withdraw'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It can be translated as 'having gone' or 'having made room', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'χωρέω' comes from 'χώρα' (chōra), meaning 'place, space, land'. It originally meant 'to make room' or 'to give way', and later extended to 'to go, to advance into a space', or 'to contain within a space'.

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-beh-BEE-keh-sahn

Translations: they had gone up, they had ascended, they had climbed up, they had mounted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb βαίνω (bainō, meaning 'to go' or 'to step'). It means 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' or 'to climb.' In this specific form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and whose results continued into the past, specifically 'they had gone up' or 'they had ascended.' It describes a completed upward movement.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Active, Perfect

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SOH-zon-toh

Translations: they were being saved, they were being delivered, they were being preserved, they were being made whole

Notes: This is the imperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), meaning 'to save, deliver, or preserve'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. In the passive voice, the subjects are receiving the action, so 'they were being saved' implies that the act of saving was happening to them continuously or repeatedly in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ

G1590

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ek-leh-LY-meh-noos

Translations: faint, exhausted, worn out, discouraged

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been loosened out' or 'having become faint/exhausted'. It describes someone who has become weak, weary, or discouraged, often to the point of collapse. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'λύω' (to loose, release). It can be used to describe physical exhaustion or spiritual/mental weariness.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΜΝΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ, ΑΠΟΨΥΧΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκλύω (eklyō) is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. The combination implies a 'loosening out' or 'untying completely', leading to the sense of becoming weak or exhausted.

G0424

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NOP-lon

Translations: unarmed, without arms, an unarmed person, an unarmed thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without weapons or not equipped for battle. It can be used to refer to a person who is not carrying any arms, or to an object or situation that lacks the means of defense.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΟΠΛΟΣ, ΑΜΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and ὅπλον (hoplon, 'weapon, arm'). Thus, it literally means 'not having weapons'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-nays

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state while also conveying the sense of the verb. In this form, it indicates something 'of one who is able' or 'of that which is powerful', often used to describe the capacity or potential of a person or thing.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Ancient Greek word δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-el-THON-ton

Translations: of those who went up, of those who ascended, of those who came up

Notes: This word is a genitive plural participle derived from the verb 'ἀνέρχομαι' (anerchomai), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes the action of 'going up' or 'ascending' and is used to refer to a group of people who have performed this action. As a genitive plural, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions, translating as 'of those who went up' or 'of those who ascended'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ἈΝΙΟΝΤΩΝ

G3748, G3767

Part of Speech: Indefinite Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HOS-tis-OON

Translations: whoever, whatever, whosoever, whatsoever, anyone who, anything that

Notes: This is a compound indefinite relative pronoun, formed from ὅστις (whoever/whatever) and οὖν (therefore/then). It means 'whoever' or 'whatever' and is used to introduce a general or indefinite relative clause, often emphasizing the universality or generality of the statement. It can be used in various cases and numbers depending on its role in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, All genders, All cases

Synonyms: ΟΣΤΙΣ, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G5694

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: OH-sthen-tes

Translations: having been pushed, being pushed, pushed, driven, having been driven

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push' or 'to drive'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is in the process of being completed, with the subject receiving the action. It can be translated as 'having been pushed' or 'being pushed' depending on the context, indicating that the subject was propelled or forced by an external agent.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΩΘΕΩ, ΑΠΩΘΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ὠθέω (ōtheō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to push' or 'to strike'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G2344

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thay-sa-ROO

Translations: of treasure, of a treasure, of store, of a store, of a treasury, of a storehouse, of a strongbox

Notes: This word refers to a place where valuable things are stored, such as a treasury, storehouse, or strongbox. It can also refer to the valuable things themselves, like a collection of treasures or a store of goods. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of treasure' or 'belonging to a treasure'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΙΣΜΑ, ΑΠΟΘΗΚΗ, ΤΑΜΕΙΟΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RAH

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, sacred things, temple, a temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used as a noun, it typically refers to 'sacred things' or 'holy places', often specifically a 'temple' or 'sanctuary'. It describes anything set apart for divine use or associated with religious practices.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερά (hiera) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ish₂ros, meaning 'sacred, powerful'. It is related to words signifying strength and divine power.

G2813

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ek-LAH-pee

Translations: was stolen, was carried off by stealth, was plundered

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist passive indicative form, meaning 'was stolen' or 'was carried off by stealth'. It describes an action that happened in the past and was done to the subject, rather than by the subject. The prefix 'δι-' (di-) can intensify the action or indicate a thoroughness, suggesting something was completely stolen or carried away.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G5319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fah-neh-RON

Translations: manifest, evident, clear, visible, apparent, known, a manifest thing, an evident thing

Notes: This word describes something that is visible, apparent, or clear. It is used to indicate that something is easily seen, understood, or made known. It can refer to something that is openly displayed or something that becomes obvious.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From φανερόω (phaneroō, 'to make visible, reveal'), from φανός (phanos, 'light, torch'), from φαίνω (phainō, 'to bring to light, make appear').

G5071

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tet-ra-KO-see-ah

Translations: four hundred

Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'four hundred'. It is used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of 400. It functions similarly to an adjective, agreeing in number, gender, and case with the noun it modifies, though it can also be used substantively.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter. It can also be used for Masculine or Feminine nouns in these cases.

Etymology: The word ΤΕΤΡΑΚΟΣΙΑ is derived from the Greek prefix ΤΕΤΡΑ- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the root for 'hundred', -ΚΟΣΙΑ (-kosia).

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-thos

Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: TAY-deh

Translations: to this, by this, with this, in this, here, in this place, in this way

Notes: ΤΗΔΕ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΔΕ, meaning 'this' or 'here'. As a dative singular feminine form, it can mean 'to/by/with/in this' (referring to a feminine noun). It can also function as an adverb meaning 'here' or 'in this place', or 'in this way'. It is used to point out something specific that is near or present.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΩΔΕ

G0334

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-na-THEE-mah-tohn

Translations: of offerings, of dedications, of votive gifts

Notes: This word refers to things dedicated or set apart, often as gifts to a deity or for sacred purposes. It can denote an offering, a votive gift, or something consecrated. In a broader sense, it can refer to anything dedicated or devoted, whether for good or ill. It is a compound word, formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and 'τίθημι' (tithemi, meaning 'to place' or 'to set').

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ

G0859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-fai-REH-sis

Translations: taking away, removal, a taking away, a removal

Notes: This word refers to the act of taking something away, removing it, or depriving someone of something. It can be used in various contexts, such as the removal of a burden, the taking away of a possession, or the abolition of a custom. It is often used to describe a process of subtraction or elimination.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἀφαιρέω (aphaireō), meaning 'to take away from', which is formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, seize').

G3754

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-per

Translations: the very thing which, which, whatsoever, as, just as

Notes: ΟΠΕΡ is an intensive relative pronoun, meaning 'the very thing which' or 'whatsoever'. It is used to emphasize the preceding noun or idea, often functioning as a stronger form of 'which' or 'what'. It can introduce a clause that specifies or elaborates on something already mentioned, or it can indicate a cause or reason.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: Ο, ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

Etymology: ΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'who, which, what', and the enclitic particle περ (per), which adds emphasis or intensity, often translated as 'just, even, indeed'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOONG-kha-nen

Translations: was, happened to be, obtained, met with, chanced to be

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes an action or state that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can mean 'to happen to be' (often implying a state of being or existence), 'to obtain' (to get or acquire something), or 'to meet with' (to encounter someone or something). In many contexts, it functions as a copula, meaning 'was' or 'happened to be'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G4962

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: soon-es-TRAH-mme-non

Translations: gathered together, collected, twisted together, rolled up, a gathered thing, a collected thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been gathered together' or 'having been twisted/rolled up'. It describes something that has been brought together or coiled. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'στρέφω' (to turn, twist). It can function adjectivally to describe a noun or substantively as a noun itself.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΓΜΕΝΟΝ, ΣΥΛΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΣΤΡΕΦΩ is formed from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mah-khee-MOH-tah-ton

Translations: most warlike, most valiant, most fit for battle, the most warlike, the most valiant, the most fit for battle

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the superlative adjective 'μάχιμος' (machimos), meaning 'warlike' or 'fit for battle'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of this quality, thus 'most warlike' or 'most valiant'. It can be used to describe a person, group, or thing that is exceptionally skilled or inclined towards combat. In the provided context, it refers to 'the most warlike' (people or contingent).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΙΜΟΣ is derived from the Koine Greek noun ΜΑΧΗ (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight', and the verb ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ (machomai), meaning 'to fight'. The suffix -ιμος indicates suitability or capability, hence 'fit for battle'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1723

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-peh-ree-EH-khon-tes

Translations: containing, including, comprising, encompassing, holding within

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἐμπεριέχω' (emperiechō), meaning 'to contain within, to include, to encompass'. It describes something that holds or includes something else within itself. It can be used to describe a subject that is actively containing or encompassing, or it can function adjectivally to describe something that is contained or included.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KTEI-neen

Translations: to kill, to slay, to murder

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κτείνω' (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the action of causing death to someone or something. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to kill' and can be used as a noun (e.g., 'the act of killing') or to complete the meaning of another verb (e.g., 'he wanted to kill').

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to strike, to kill'. It is related to other Greek words involving striking or cutting.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pee-EH-nai

Translations: to go away, to depart, to leave, to go off

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀπεῖμι', meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, specifically leaving a location. It can be used in various contexts to indicate a physical departure or a general act of going.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ἘΞΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἀπεῖμι' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'εἶμι' (eimi), meaning 'to go'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pei-THOH-meh-noys

Translations: obeying, being persuaded, trusting, yielding, a trusting one, a persuaded one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'peithō', meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the state of being persuaded, obeying, or trusting. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are obeying' or 'those who are persuaded'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Dative Case

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-toh-moh-lay-KAY-sahn

Translations: they had deserted, they had defected, they had gone over

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural, perfect active indicative form of the verb αὐτομολέω (automoleō). It means 'to desert' or 'to defect', specifically from one's military or political allegiance. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results were still relevant at a later point in the past. It is a compound word formed from αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and μολέω (moleō), meaning 'to come' or 'to go', thus literally 'to go by oneself' or 'to go over to the other side'.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb αὐτομολέω (automoleō) is a compound of αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self' or 'same', and the root of μολέω (moleō), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the act of going over to another side or deserting on one's own accord.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-TITH-en-tai

Translations: they are added, they are being added, they are being put to, they are being given to

Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of adding, putting to, or giving to, specifically in a passive sense. It describes something being joined or appended to something else. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΕΙΝΤΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5021

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-tag-MEH-non

Translations: (of) those who have been appointed, (of) those who have been arranged, (of) those who have been ordered, (of) those who have been set in order

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb 'τάσσω' (tassō). It refers to things or people that have been arranged, appointed, or set in a particular order or position. It describes a state of being organized or designated. For example, it could refer to 'those who have been appointed' to a task, or 'things that have been arranged' in a certain way.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΕΚΑΝΟΝΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-THEE-kay

Translations: addition, an addition, increase, a supplement

Notes: This word refers to something that is added or joined to something else, an increase, or a supplement. It can be used to describe an extra amount or a further development of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΑΥΞΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb προστίθημι (prostithēmi), meaning 'to put to, add to, or increase'. It combines πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward', and τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place or put'.

G0272

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-meh-LAY-toh

Translations: was neglected, was careless, was unconcerned

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to neglect,' 'to be careless about,' or 'to be unconcerned.' It describes an action where something is not given proper attention or care. In this form, it indicates that something 'was neglected' or 'was not cared for' in the past.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀμελέω (ameleō), formed from ἀ- (a-, 'not') and μέλω (melō, 'to care for, be an object of concern').

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tal-LEH-oo-on

Translations: they mined, they dug, they worked mines

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to mine,' 'to dig,' or 'to work metals.' It describes the action of extracting minerals or other materials from the earth. It is a compound word formed from μετά (meta, 'with, among, after') and ἀλλεύω (alleuō, 'to dig, to mine'). In this form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΥΣΣΩ, ΣΚΑΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΛΛΕΥΩ is derived from μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after,' and ἀλλεύω (alleuō), meaning 'to dig' or 'to mine.' The combination suggests the process of digging for something, specifically metals or minerals.

G3328

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: meh-tah-bal-LOH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) changing, (to) altering, (to) turning, (to) shifting, (to) those changing, (to) those altering, (to) those turning, (to) those shifting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'changing oneself,' 'being changed,' 'turning,' or 'shifting.' It is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after,' and 'βάλλω' (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast.' When used as a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the process of changing or being changed. In the dative plural, it often refers to 'to those who are changing' or 'to the ones being changed.'

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-leh-on

Translations: they were commanding, they were ordering, they were urging, they were bidding

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' 'to urge,' or 'to bid.' It describes an action of giving instructions or directives. In this form, it indicates that a group of people (they) were in the process of giving a command or order in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello, 'to drive, to urge').

G0618

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-lay-pso-MEH-noo

Translations: about to receive, about to take back, about to get back, about to recover, about to obtain

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'ἀπολαμβάνω', meaning 'to receive' or 'to take back'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is 'about to receive' or 'about to take back' something. It can also function substantively, meaning 'the one who is about to receive'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΛΗΨΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΟΜΙΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The verb ἀπολαμβάνω (apolambanō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noh

Translations: (to) time, (in) time, a time, season, period

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific moment. It is often used to indicate when something occurs, frequently appearing with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in) to denote 'in time' or 'at a certain time'. It can also refer to a duration or an appointed time.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a duration of time, as opposed to καιρός (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune time.

G3961

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-on

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-een

Translations: to believe, to trust, to have faith, to be convinced

Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith in someone or something. It implies a conviction or reliance. It is often used in the New Testament to describe faith in God or Jesus Christ, indicating a deep conviction and commitment. It can also be used in a more general sense of believing a statement or a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ (pisteuō) comes from the Greek word ΠΙΣΤΙΣ (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. It is related to the concept of being persuaded or convinced.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-oss

Translations: such as, of what sort, what kind of, as, like, a such as

Notes: This word is an adjective or pronoun used to describe the quality or kind of something. It often functions as a relative pronoun, meaning 'such as' or 'of what sort', introducing a clause that specifies the nature of a preceding noun. It can also be used interrogatively, meaning 'what kind of?' or 'how great?'. It is used to draw comparisons or indicate similarity.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this') and the relative pronominal stem *yo- (meaning 'who, which'). It indicates a quality or kind, often in a comparative sense.

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G2172

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-GNO-mon

Translations: grateful, thankful, appreciative, reasonable, sensible, a grateful thing, a reasonable thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning grateful, thankful, or appreciative. It can also mean reasonable or sensible. It describes a person or an action that shows good judgment or a sense of gratitude. For example, it might be used to describe a grateful heart or a reasonable decision.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΧΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΓΝΩΜΩΝ is a compound word formed from two parts: ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΓΝΩΜΩΝ (gnomon), meaning 'one who knows' or 'discerning'. Thus, it literally means 'well-knowing' or 'well-discerning', leading to the sense of being grateful or reasonable.

G0654

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-tro-PEH

Translations: aversion, turning away, warding off, averting, a turning away, an aversion

Notes: This word refers to the act of turning away or averting something, often with the intention of preventing it or warding it off. It can also denote a feeling of aversion or disgust towards something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'τροπή' (tropē), meaning 'a turning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΤΡΟΠΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀποτρέπω (apotrepō, “I turn away, avert”), from ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”) + τρέπω (trépō, “I turn”).

G2525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-stah-thay-so-MEH-noo

Translations: of one who will be appointed, of one who will be established, of one who will be set over

Notes: This word is a future passive participle derived from the verb καθίστημι (kathistēmi), meaning 'to appoint, establish, or set over'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone or something that will be appointed or established in the future. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand, to set').

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Future Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΟΡΙΣΘΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The root verb καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to set'. The combination conveys the idea of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEK-sane

Translations: to come, to have come, to arrive

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used in indirect statements or to express purpose or result.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- ('to follow'). It is related to Latin sequor ('to follow') and English 'sequence'.

G4328

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-do-KOHN

Translations: expecting, waiting for, looking for, looking forward to

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'expecting' or 'waiting for'. It describes an ongoing action of anticipation. It is often used to indicate someone who is looking forward to an event or outcome, whether good or bad. It can be used in a sentence like 'The people were expecting the king's arrival' or 'He was waiting for the sign'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word προσδοκάω (prosdokao) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and δοκάω (dokao), which is related to δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. Thus, it conveys the idea of looking towards something with the expectation of receiving or encountering it.

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-MEH-neh

Translations: he endured, she endured, it endured, he remained, she remained, it remained, he persevered, she persevered, it persevered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to endure,' 'to remain,' or 'to persevere.' It implies a steadfastness in the face of difficulty or a continued presence in a place or state. It is often used to describe someone who patiently bears up under trials or remains faithful.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó, “under”) + μένω (ménō, “to remain, to stay”). It literally means 'to remain under' or 'to stay under,' conveying the idea of enduring or persevering through something.

G3461

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: MOO-ree-ah

Translations: ten thousand, countless, innumerable, a myriad, myriads

Notes: This word refers to a very large, indefinite number, often specifically ten thousand. It can function as an adjective meaning 'countless' or 'innumerable', or as a noun referring to a 'myriad' or 'ten thousand'. In the provided examples, it is used to denote a large quantity of people or animals.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ΑΝΑΡΙΘΜΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- meaning 'to diminish, to lessen'. In Greek, it evolved to refer to a very large, almost uncountable number, specifically ten thousand.

G2351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tho-RY-bon

Translations: of a crowd, of a tumult, of a disturbance, of a commotion, of an uproar, of a riot

Notes: This word refers to a noise, a crowd, or a disturbance. It can describe the sound of a multitude, a commotion, or an uproar, often implying disorder or a riotous gathering. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating 'of tumults' or 'of disturbances'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of a commotion or uproar.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-oh-meh-nah

Translations: holding, having, being near, next to, adjoining, contiguous, being held, being possessed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its present middle/passive form, it often describes something that is being held, possessed, or is in close proximity to something else. It can indicate a state of being near or adjacent to something, or being in possession of something. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate what it is near or what it is holding.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative or Accusative Case, Neuter Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (hexis) 'habit, state' and ὄχος (ochos) 'carriage, vehicle'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: he was seizing, he was taking possession of, he was overtaking, he was apprehending, he was understanding, he was finding, he was catching, he was laying hold of

Notes: This word describes an action of seizing, taking possession, or apprehending, often with the nuance of catching up to or finding something. It can also mean to understand or comprehend. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize').

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Its meaning evolved from physically taking hold of something to mentally grasping or understanding it.

G4189

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LAKH-oh-seh

Translations: to many places, in many ways, in various directions, in various ways

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating movement or direction to multiple places, or the manner of doing something in many different ways. It describes an action that is dispersed or varied in its location or method.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑΧΗ, ΠΟΛΛΑΧΟΥ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many' or 'much', combined with the suffix '-αχοσε' indicating direction or place.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3729

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ohr-MAY-meh-nohn

Translations: (of) those who have rushed, (of) those who have set out, (of) those who have been eager, (of) those who have been impelled

Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'ὁρμάω' (hormaō). It describes a state of having been set in motion, having rushed, or having been eager or impelled towards something. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of those who have...' or 'of the ones having...'.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΠΕΥΔΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: strah-TEV-sah-MEH-nohn

Translations: of those who served as soldiers, of those who campaigned, of those who waged war

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'στρατεύω', meaning 'to serve as a soldier' or 'to campaign'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the noun it modifies. In this form, it refers to a group of people who have already completed the action of serving as soldiers or campaigning.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ, ΜΑΧΕΣΑΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word στρατεύω (strateuō) comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army'. The suffix -εύω indicates a verb of action related to the root noun.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G2647

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-leh-LYOO-koh-tes

Translations: having overthrown, having destroyed, having abolished, having dissolved, having lodged, having stayed, having disbanded

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle of the verb 'καταλύω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results. Depending on the context, it can mean 'having overthrown' or 'having destroyed' something, 'having abolished' or 'having dissolved' a system or group, or 'having lodged' or 'having stayed' somewhere. In military contexts, it can mean 'having disbanded' or 'having been discharged'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΤΩΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-STAN-tes

Translations: having stood together, having gathered together, having been constituted, having been commended

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'synistēmi'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a group of people or things that have come together, gathered, or been formed. It can also imply being established or commended. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often conveying the idea of a collective action or state.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΧΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word συνίστημι (synistēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G4314, G4170

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-po-LEH-moon

Translations: they waged war against, they fought against, they attacked

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, against', and the verb πολεμέω (polemeō), meaning 'to wage war, to fight'. Therefore, the combined meaning is 'to wage war against' or 'to fight against'. It describes an action of hostility or conflict directed towards someone or something. It is used to describe a group of people engaging in warfare or combat against an opposing force.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KOYS

Translations: royal, kingly, of the king, (to) royal ones, (to) kingly ones, (to) royal things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', referring to something that belongs to a king or is characteristic of a king. It can describe people, objects, or concepts associated with royalty. In the provided examples, it modifies 'bibliophylakiois' (archives/treasuries), 'oikonomois' (stewards), and 'thoraxin' (breastplates), indicating that these are 'royal archives', 'royal stewards', and 'royal breastplates'. It is used here in the dative plural case.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. The suffix -ικός (-ikos) is used to form adjectives indicating 'belonging to' or 'pertaining to'.

G0436

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-tee-sta-TOON-tos

Translations: of resisting, of one resisting, of him resisting, of those resisting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to resist' or 'to oppose'. It describes someone or something that is actively resisting or standing against another. As a genitive participle, it often functions to indicate possession, origin, or the subject of an action, translating to 'of one who is resisting' or 'of resisting'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩΝ

G0431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-ep-SEE-oo

Translations: of a cousin, of a nephew

Notes: This word refers to a male relative, specifically a cousin or a nephew. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to how 'of' is used in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and ἔψιος (epsios), which is related to 'cooked' or 'boiled', possibly referring to those who share a common 'cooking' or lineage. It refers to a relative, specifically a cousin or nephew.

G3976

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-dee-OHN

Translations: of plains, of fields, of flatlands

Notes: This word refers to a plain, a field, or a flat, open area of land. It is used to describe geographical features, often in the context of battles, agriculture, or travel across open country. In the provided examples, it describes the plains of Judea and the trees of the fields.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΩΝ, ΧΩΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word "πεδίον" (pedion) comes from the Ancient Greek word "πέδον" (pedon), meaning "ground" or "soil."

G3346

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: meh-TEH-oh-rah

Translations: things in the air, heavenly bodies, lofty things, high places, meteors, a meteor, things suspended, things elevated

Notes: This word refers to things that are suspended in the air, elevated, or high up. It can describe celestial bodies, atmospheric phenomena like meteors, or even high places on earth. It is often used in the plural to refer to such things collectively. When used as an adjective, it describes something as being high, lofty, or suspended.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΡΑΝΙΑ, ΥΨΗΛΑ, ΑΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΩΡΟΣ (meteoros) is a compound word derived from μετά (meta), meaning 'among, with, after', and ἀείρω (aeirō), meaning 'to lift, raise'. Thus, it literally means 'lifted up among' or 'suspended in the air'.

G0455

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-neh-OH-smeh-noo

Translations: of having been opened, of opened, of having opened, of being opened

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'ἀνοίγω' (anoigō), meaning 'to open'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing a state or action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results. In this form, it describes something that has been opened or is in an opened state. It is often used to describe things like doors, books, or the heavens being opened.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΞΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΝΟΙΓΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἀνοίγω (anoigō) comes from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb οἴγω (oigō), meaning 'to open'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1422

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dys-kho-REE-ais

Translations: difficulties, straits, distresses, hardships, narrow places, difficult places, impassable places, defiles

Notes: This word refers to a state of difficulty, distress, or hardship. It can also literally mean a narrow or difficult place, such as a defile or a rugged terrain, where movement is restricted or challenging. It is a compound word formed from 'dys-' (meaning 'bad' or 'difficult') and 'chōria' (meaning 'place' or 'region').

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΑΠΟΡΙΑ

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tah

Translations: able, possible, powerful, mighty, strong, capable, a powerful one, a mighty one, powerfully, mightily

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'able,' 'powerful,' or 'possible,' or as a neuter plural adjective used adverbially meaning 'powerfully' or 'mightily.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something possessing strength or capability. When used adverbially, it describes an action performed with great power or ability.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); or Adverbial (from neuter plural adjective)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΟΣ

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

G747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-LAY-stoo

Translations: of a chief robber, of a chief bandit, of a chief brigand, of a chief insurgent

Notes: This is a compound noun, formed from the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and ΛΗΣΤΗΣ (lestes), meaning 'robber' or 'bandit'. Therefore, ἈΡΧΙΛΗΣΤΗΣ refers to a 'chief robber' or 'leader of bandits'. It can also refer to a leader of insurgents or rebels, as 'lestes' sometimes carried the connotation of a revolutionary or guerrilla fighter rather than just a common thief. This form, ἈΡΧΙΛΗΣΤΟΥ, is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΑΙΟΣ ΛΗΣΤΗΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ ΛΗΣΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΛΗΣΤΗΣ is a compound of ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), from ἀρχή (archē) meaning 'beginning, rule, authority', and ΛΗΣΤΗΣ (lestes), meaning 'robber, bandit'. The prefix 'archi-' is used to denote a leader or principal figure of a group.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-nee-THEN-tos

Translations: (of) having been able, (of) being able, (of) being powerful, (of) being strong

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been able' or 'being able'. It is derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), which means 'to be able', 'to be powerful', or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing a noun or verb, and indicates an action completed in the past (aorist) that was done to the subject (passive voice). It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-GAH-loys

Translations: to great, with great, by great, to large, with large, by large, to mighty, with mighty, by mighty

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great', 'large', or 'mighty'. It is used to describe the size, importance, or power of nouns. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', or 'by'. It can refer to both people and things.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leef-THEN-tos

Translations: of having been taken, of having been received, of having been seized, of having been caught, of having been obtained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambano), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', 'to seize', or 'to catch'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating possession or relationship. It functions similarly to a noun or adjective in a sentence, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to' in English, referring to something that has been taken or received.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΗΦΘΗ, ΕΙΛΗΦΑ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sys-TEE-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having stood together, having gathered, having commended, having established, having presented, having proved

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi), meaning 'to stand together,' 'to gather,' 'to commend,' 'to establish,' or 'to present.' As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can imply bringing people or things together, establishing something, or commending someone to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΑΓΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΣΤΗΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi) is a compound word formed from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.'

G0633

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-neh-noh-MAY-non

Translations: of having despaired, of having lost heart, of having become reckless, of having become desperate

Notes: This word is a perfect participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It describes someone who has lost hope, become desperate, or acted recklessly due to despair. It implies a state of mind where one has given up on a positive outcome and may act without regard for consequences.

Inflection: Perfect, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΘΥΜΩΝ, ΑΠΕΛΠΙΣΑΣ

G1961

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-dro-MEN

Translations: attack, an attack, assault, an assault, incursion, an incursion, raid, a raid

Notes: This word refers to a hostile movement or a sudden, forceful advance, often implying an attack or an incursion into enemy territory. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, against) and 'δρόμος' (a running, course), literally meaning 'a running upon'. It is typically used to describe military actions or aggressive movements.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΦΟΔΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oh

Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to be a king

Notes: This verb means to exercise royal authority, to rule as a king, or to hold dominion. It describes the act of governing a kingdom or people. It can be used in various tenses and moods to indicate when and how the reigning occurs.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: From ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. The verb is derived from the noun, indicating the action performed by a king.

G2749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KAY-toh

Translations: was laid up, was stored, was reserved, was set aside, was appointed

Notes: This is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ἀπόκειμαι (apokeimai), which means 'to be laid away, stored up, or reserved'. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to lay up for oneself' or 'to be laid up'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be laid up' or 'to be reserved'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It describes something that was continuously or habitually stored or set aside.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G3695

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OH-pli-zeh

Translations: he was arming, he was equipping, he armed, he equipped

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to arm' or 'to equip'. It describes the action of providing someone or something with weapons or necessary gear. In the provided form, it indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΠΛΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word Ὁπλίζω (hoplizō) comes from the Greek word ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'tool'.

G0667

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-FEH-reh-tai

Translations: is carried away, is borne away, is brought back, is rendered, is paid

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (away from) and the verb 'φέρω' (to carry, bear, bring). In the passive voice, it means to be carried away, to be borne away, or to be brought back. It can also refer to something being rendered or paid, especially in the context of accounts or debts.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποφέρω (apopherō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. The root φέρω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LEHF-thay

Translations: was overtaken, was seized, was apprehended, was caught, was found, was understood

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, 'to take' or 'to receive'). In its passive form, it means to be taken down, to be seized, to be apprehended, or to be caught. It can also mean to be understood or comprehended, especially when referring to ideas or concepts. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The combination suggests a forceful or complete taking or seizing.

G0737

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOHN

Translations: contest, struggle, fight, race, a contest, a struggle, a fight, a race

Notes: This word refers to a gathering, especially for a contest or struggle. It can denote a physical struggle, a race, a battle, or a more general conflict or struggle in life. It is often used in the context of athletic games or a spiritual struggle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring, to drive'. The noun refers to a gathering or assembly, particularly for a competition or struggle.

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: FEH-rohn

Translations: bearing, carrying, bringing, enduring, leading, one who bears, one who carries, one who brings

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΦΕΡΩ' (phero). It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can mean 'bearing,' 'carrying,' 'bringing,' 'enduring,' or 'leading.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing how an action is performed. For example, it can describe 'the one who is carrying' or 'while carrying.'

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-toong-KHA-non-tas

Translations: meeting, encountering, happening upon, falling in with, obtaining, reaching, attaining

Notes: This word describes the act of meeting someone or something, encountering a situation, or happening upon an event. It can also imply obtaining or attaining something. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'προς' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb 'τυγχάνω' (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action in relation to another part of the sentence.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zo-nohn

Translations: of greater, of larger, of more important, of mightier

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the comparative adjective 'μείζων' (meizon), which means 'greater' or 'larger'. It is derived from the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. It is used to describe things that are superior in size, quantity, quality, or importance compared to others. As a genitive plural, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'concerning' things that are greater.

Inflection: Comparative, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝΕΣ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΤΕΡΩΝ

G2206

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zay-LOH-say

Translations: he will be zealous, she will be zealous, it will be zealous, he will envy, she will envy, it will envy, he will desire, she will desire, it will desire

Notes: The word ΖΗΛΩΣΕΙ is a form of the verb ΖΗΛΟΩ, meaning to be zealous, to envy, or to desire earnestly. It can imply a strong positive desire or a negative sense of jealousy or envy. This specific form, ΖΗΛΩΣΕΙ, indicates a future action, meaning "he/she/it will be zealous," "will envy," or "will desire."

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ, ΦΘΟΝΕΩ

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-oo

Translations: of a king, royal, kingly, of the kingdom, of the palace, of the royal treasury

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. It can also function as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, referring to a 'royal palace', 'royal treasury', or 'kingdom'. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word 'βασιλεύς' (basileus), meaning 'king'. The suffix '-ειος' is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation to the root noun.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TAYS

Translations: of virtue, of excellence, of moral goodness, of valor

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or valor. It describes a quality of high moral standing or outstanding ability, often implying courage or effectiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀρετή' (aretē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἀρή' (arē), meaning 'prayer' or 'curse', or from the root 'ἀρ-' (ar-), meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It evolved to signify excellence of any kind, and later, moral excellence.

G1743

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: em-PEI-ree-ah

Translations: experience, skill, knowledge, a skill

Notes: This noun refers to practical experience, skill, or knowledge gained through observation or practice. It describes the state of being experienced or having a deep understanding of something, often through direct involvement rather than theoretical study. It can be used to describe someone who possesses a particular skill or expertise.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'Ἐμπειρία' comes from the Greek prefix 'ἐν-' (en-), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'πεῖρα' (peira), meaning 'trial', 'attempt', or 'experience'. Thus, it signifies 'being in a trial' or 'having tried something', leading to the meaning of experience or skill.

G5195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-BRI-zayn

Translations: to insult, to outrage, to treat with contempt, to abuse, to act with insolence, to commit violence

Notes: This word means to act with insolence, to treat someone with contempt, or to commit an outrage. It implies a sense of arrogant pride or a lack of respect for others, often leading to abusive or violent behavior. It can be used in contexts where someone is being dishonored or mistreated.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΕΩ

Etymology: From the noun ὕβρις (hybris), meaning 'insolence, wanton violence, outrage'. The verb means to act with or display such hubris.

G4047

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: possession, a possession, property, wealth, abundance, special possession, peculiar treasure

Notes: This word refers to a possession, property, or wealth, often implying an abundance or surplus. It can also denote something that is a 'special possession' or 'peculiar treasure' to someone, highlighting its value or unique status. It is used to describe material goods or resources that are owned.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΤΗΜΑ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about, concerning', and the verb οὐσία (ousia), meaning 'being, substance, property'. It literally means 'that which is around one's being' or 'that which is over and above'.

G2932

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ktay-SEH-sthai

Translations: to acquire, to get, to obtain, to possess

Notes: This word is the future middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'κτάομαι' (ktaomai). It describes the action of acquiring, obtaining, or coming into possession of something for oneself in the future. It can also imply the state of possessing something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Future, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ, ΕΧΕΙΝ, ΚΕΡΔΑΙΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word κτάομαι (ktaomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ket- ('to acquire, to gain'). It is related to words meaning 'possession' or 'property'.

G1782

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TEF-then

Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ

Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.

G1083

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-ras

Translations: privilege, a privilege, gift, a gift, honor, an honor, reward, a reward

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a privilege, a gift, an honor, or a reward. It often denotes a special mark of respect or a prize given for achievement or status. It can be used in contexts where something is given as a due or a right, rather than a mere gratuity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΤΙΜΗ, ΜΙΣΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'γέρας' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of old age and the respect or privileges associated with it.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-los

Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant

Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.

G2156

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: YOO-preh-pays

Translations: comely, becoming, seemly, beautiful, attractive, graceful, proper, fitting

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is well-appearing, beautiful, or attractive. It can also refer to something that is appropriate, fitting, or proper for a given situation or context. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'πρέπω' (prepo), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper'. Thus, it literally means 'well-fitting' or 'well-appearing'. It can be used to describe physical appearance or moral conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΩΡΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the verb πρέπω (prepo), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper'. It describes something that is well-suited or appears good.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G4399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: proo-OO-khone

Translations: excelling, surpassing, being superior, being preeminent, being prominent, being chief, being first

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'προέχω' (proechō), meaning 'to excel' or 'to be superior'. It describes someone or something that is outstanding, preeminent, or holds a position of advantage or leadership. It can be used to describe a person who is superior in rank, ability, or status, or a thing that is more prominent or excellent than others.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-meh-nos

Translations: trusted, entrusted, faithful, a trusted one, one who has been entrusted

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has been trusted or to whom something has been entrusted. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'one who has been entrusted' or 'a trusted person'. It implies a state of having been placed in a position of trust or having had a responsibility committed to them.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ar-THEIS

Translations: having been lifted, having been taken up, having been carried away, having been removed

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift,' 'to take up,' or 'to carry away.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred to the subject, indicating that the subject has been lifted, taken up, or removed. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣ, ΥΨΩΘΕΙΣ, ΑΠΟΚΟΜΙΣΘΕΙΣ

G0002

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-kree-SEE-ah

Translations: indecision, uncertainty, a lack of judgment, a lack of discernment

Notes: This word refers to a state of indecision or uncertainty, particularly a lack of good judgment or discernment. It describes a condition where one is unable to make a clear decision or distinguish between right and wrong, or between different options. It can be used to describe a person's state of mind or a situation characterized by confusion and wavering.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΔΗΛΟΤΗΣ, ἈΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and κρίσις (krisis, 'judgment, decision'). It literally means 'no judgment' or 'lack of judgment'.

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-day-mah

Translations: diadem, a diadem, crown, a crown

Notes: A diadem is a type of crown, specifically a headband or fillet worn as a symbol of royalty or authority. It signifies sovereign power and is typically worn by kings, queens, or other rulers. It is often used in contexts describing the investiture or display of royal authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “to bind around”), from διά (diá, “through, across”) + δέω (déō, “to bind”). It refers to something bound around the head.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-THEH-sthai

Translations: to put around, to put on, to place around, to crown oneself, to put on oneself

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to put around' or 'to place around'. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'to put on oneself' or 'to crown oneself' (as in putting a crown on one's own head). It can also mean to put something around another object or person, such as a garment or a bandage. The word is formed from the preposition ΠΕΡΙ (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sys-TAN-tos

Translations: having stood together, having come together, having been formed, having been composed, having been established, having been commended, of having stood together, of having come together, of having been formed, of having been composed, of having been established, of having been commended

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συνίστημι', which means 'to stand together', 'to come together', 'to form', 'to compose', 'to establish', or 'to commend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can refer to things that have been brought into existence, assembled, or recommended.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΝΤΟΣ

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G3137

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-NEE-ah

Translations: madness, a madness, frenzy, rage

Notes: This word refers to a state of mental derangement, frenzy, or intense passion, often implying a loss of self-control or reason. It can describe a fit of rage or an obsessive desire. It is used to describe a state of irrational behavior or extreme emotional intensity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to words signifying 'to think' or 'to be mentally excited'. It describes a state of mental agitation or derangement.

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-os

Translations: worthy, deserving, fit, suitable, a worthy one, a deserving one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being worthy, deserving, or suitable for a particular purpose, action, or reward. It can be used to express that someone is 'worthy of' something, often followed by a genitive case, or 'deserving of' a certain fate or honor. It implies a correspondence between the quality of a person or thing and what is due to them.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This adjective can inflect for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular, plural), and case (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΞΙΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, to weigh'. It is related to the idea of balance and weighing, thus leading to the concept of worth or value.

G1679

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-pee-SAS

Translations: having hoped, having expected, having trusted, having relied on

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It conveys the sense of someone who has already performed the action of hoping or expecting.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΣΑΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G3748, G3767

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ON-tee-noon

Translations: whoever, whatever, anyone who, anything that, whosoever, whatsoever

Notes: ΟΝΤΙΝΟΥΝ is a compound indefinite relative pronoun formed from ὅστις (hostis) and οὖν (oun). It means 'whoever' or 'whatever' and is used to refer to an unspecified person or thing. It functions similarly to 'anyone who' or 'anything that' in English, emphasizing the generality or universality of the statement. It is typically used in a subordinate clause.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣΤΙΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ, ΟΣΟΙ

G4090

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PIM-pray-sin

Translations: burn, set on fire, inflame

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. It describes the action of causing something to be consumed by fire or to ignite. It can be used in contexts where something is intentionally set ablaze or where fire spreads naturally.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular or Plural; or Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΡΗΜΙ, ΥΠΟΠΙΜΠΡΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word πίμπρημι (pímprēmi) comes from an reduplicated form of the Proto-Indo-European root *per- meaning 'to strike, to hit, to pierce', which developed into the sense of 'to burn' in Greek.

G724

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: har-pa-GAYS

Translations: plunder, spoil, a plunder, a spoil, robbery, a robbery

Notes: This word refers to the act of plundering, seizing, or carrying off by force, or the spoils obtained from such an act. It describes something that has been snatched away or taken violently. It can be used to refer to the act of robbery or the items stolen.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΡΠΑΓΗ, ΛΑΦΥΡΟΝ, ΣΚΥΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word comes from the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize, snatch, carry off'.

G0236

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: al-LAS

Translations: change, exchange, alter, transform, substitute

Notes: This verb means to change, alter, or exchange something. It can be used to describe a physical transformation, a change in circumstances, or the act of substituting one thing for another. It is often used in the middle voice (ἈΛΛΆΣΣΟΜΑΙ) to mean 'to be changed' or 'to exchange for oneself'.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Active Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Imperative, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Subjunctive, Middle Voice; or First Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Second Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice; or Third Person Singular, Aorist Optative, Middle Voice.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΆΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΊΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From ἌΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other'. The verb signifies making something 'other' than it was.

G3613

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-KAY-seh-ohn

Translations: of dwellings, of habitations, of houses, of abodes

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, habitation, or house. It is used to describe a physical structure where one lives or resides. In the provided examples, it refers to buildings or rooms that are filled or constructed.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which itself comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house'.

G4189

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-lakh-OO

Translations: in many places, often, frequently, everywhere

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or frequency. It means 'in many places' or 'often'. It is used to describe an action that occurs in multiple locations or on numerous occasions.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ, ΠΑΝΤΑΧΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΛΛΑΧΟΥ is derived from the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. The suffix -χου indicates a place or manner, forming an adverb meaning 'in many places' or 'in many ways'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G1749

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEE-ace

Translations: to send in, to put in, to cast in, to inject

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the verb 'ἵημι' (to send, to throw). It means to send something into a place, to put something in, or to cast something into something else. It can also imply injecting or introducing something. It is used to describe the action of causing something to enter or be placed within another object or situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΦΕΡΩ, ΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐνίημι is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'.

G0008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-fah-NEE-zen

Translations: was destroying, was making disappear, was vanishing, was spoiling, was corrupting, was wasting, was consuming

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make unseen, to destroy, to cause to vanish, or to spoil'. It describes an action that causes something to disappear or be ruined. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'φαίνω' (to show, to appear), literally meaning 'to make away from appearing'. It can be used to describe the destruction of physical objects, the fading of something from memory, or the corruption of something good.

Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-es-TEE-koh-sin

Translations: standing together, having stood together, having been constituted, having been formed, having been composed, having been established, having been commended, having been proved

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having stood together' or 'having been constituted/formed'. It describes a state of having come together or having been established. It can also mean 'having been commended' or 'having been proved' in certain contexts. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun).

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΟΙ

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GEIN

Translations: to lead, to bring, to carry, to go, to observe, to celebrate

Notes: This verb has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to movement. It can mean to lead or bring someone or something, to carry, or simply to go. In a more abstract sense, it can also refer to observing or celebrating a festival or a period of time. Its usage depends heavily on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΛΚΩ, ΑΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to drive, pull, move'.

G1459

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: eng-ka-ta-le-LEEM-me-na

Translations: abandoned, forsaken, left behind, deserted

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been abandoned' or 'having been forsaken'. It describes something or someone that has been left behind or deserted. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'those who have been abandoned' or 'the things that have been abandoned'.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΡΗΜΟΩ

G2010

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREP-ohn

Translations: allowing, permitting, entrusting, committing, giving leave, giving permission

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'allowing' or 'permitting'. It describes an ongoing action of giving permission or entrusting something to someone. It can function verbally, indicating an action, or adjectivally, describing a noun as 'the one who allows' or 'the one who permits'. It is often used to describe someone who grants authority or delegates responsibility.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and τρέπω (trepō, 'to turn'). The combination suggests 'to turn over to' or 'to turn towards, allowing'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEP-rak-toh

Translations: it had been done, it had been accomplished, it had been performed, it had been practiced

Notes: This word is the third person singular pluperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to accomplish,' 'to perform,' or 'to practice.' It describes an action that had been completed in the past by someone or something, with the subject of the verb being the recipient of the action. For example, 'it had been done' or 'it had been accomplished.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Pluperfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΊΝΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΈΩ, ΠΟΙΈΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G1994

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-stro-FEEZ

Translations: of conversion, of return, of turning back, of restoration

Notes: This word refers to the act of turning around, whether literally or figuratively. It can mean a physical return or a moral and spiritual turning, often implying a change of mind or direction, such as repentance or conversion. It is used to describe a significant change in one's path or beliefs.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΑ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ (epistrophē) is derived from the verb ἐπιστρέφω (epistrephō), meaning 'to turn around, to return, to convert'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon, to, toward', and στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pros-te-THEY-mee-nos

Translations: added, having been added, joined, attached, a thing added, an added one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been added' or 'joined'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being placed alongside or appended to something else, and remains in that state. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun, or substantively as 'that which has been added'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΘΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

G3326

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G4008

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-RAI-ohn

Translations: of those on the other side, of those from beyond, of the people from beyond

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'περαῖος' (peraios), meaning 'on the other side' or 'from beyond'. When used as a noun, it refers to 'those on the other side' or 'the people from beyond'. It is typically used to describe inhabitants or groups of people located across a geographical boundary, such as a river or sea.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'περαῖος' (peraios) is derived from the adverb 'πέραν' (peran), meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side'. It describes something or someone situated across a boundary.

G0796

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-SYN-tak-toy

Translations: disorderly, unarranged, unorganized, undisciplined, disorderly ones, unarranged ones

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not arranged or put in order. It implies a lack of discipline, organization, or proper alignment. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without'), 'σύν' (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together'), and 'τάσσω' (tassō, meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'). Thus, it literally means 'not arranged together'. It can be used to describe troops that are out of formation or people who behave in an unruly manner.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ἈΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not'), σύν (syn, 'with, together'), and the verbal adjective from τάσσω (tassō, 'to arrange, to order'). It describes a state of being unarranged or out of order.

G5112

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOL-may

Translations: boldness, a boldness, daring, audacity, courage

Notes: This word refers to boldness, daring, or audacity. It describes the quality of being courageous or having the nerve to do something, often implying a willingness to take risks or act without fear. It can be used in contexts where someone acts with great confidence or impudence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ, ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΕΥΨΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΗ (tolmē) comes from the verb τολμάω (tolmaō), meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G1922

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-STAY-may

Translations: knowledge, understanding, skill, a knowledge, an understanding, a skill

Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or skill, often implying a systematic or scientific comprehension of a subject. It can be used to describe intellectual understanding, practical skill, or even divine wisdom. It is typically used in a general sense to denote the possession of information or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ is derived from the verb ἐπίσταμαι (epistamai), meaning 'to know, to understand'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'on, upon', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand upon' or 'to be firm in knowledge'.

G5351

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ef-tha-REE-san

Translations: they were corrupted, they were destroyed, they perished, they decayed

Notes: This word describes a state of being corrupted, destroyed, or perishing. It is used to indicate that something or someone has undergone a process of decay, ruin, or moral degradation. It implies a passive action, meaning the subjects were acted upon rather than acting themselves.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word φθείρω (phtheirō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (to decay, perish). It is related to words meaning to spoil, ruin, or destroy.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: en-TY-khon

Translations: having met, having encountered, having appealed, having interceded, having pleaded

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'ἘΝΤΥΓΧΆΝΩ'. It describes an action of meeting, encountering, or making an appeal or intercession that has been completed. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main verb's action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΆΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΈΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΤΥΓΧΆΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΤΥΓΧΆΝΩ (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen upon', 'to obtain', or 'to meet'.

G2618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tep-REES-thay

Translations: it was burned down, it was consumed by fire, it was set on fire

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist passive indicative, third person singular. It means 'it was burned down' or 'it was consumed by fire'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the burning action. The word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πίμπρημι (pimprāmi), meaning 'to burn'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΚΑΥΘΗ, ΕΝΕΠΡΗΣΘΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb πίμπρημι (pimprāmi), which means 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. The root πίμπρημι is related to πρήθω (prēthō), also meaning 'to burn'.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-STAHN-tohn

Translations: having stood together, having been formed, having been constituted, having been composed, having been established, having been commended, having been introduced, having been presented, having been proved, having been shown, having been gathered, having been brought together

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi), which means to stand together, to bring together, to constitute, to form, or to commend. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or nominally. In the provided context, it likely refers to men who have 'stood together' or 'banded together' in a group, possibly for a common purpose or against someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΗΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΝΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand together' or 'to place together'.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-MOH-nee

Translations: (to) Simon

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Simon'. Simon was a very common name in the ancient world, particularly among Jews, and is borne by several significant figures in the Bible, including Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, and Simon of Cyrene. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to Simon' or 'for Simon'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Simon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Shim'on (שִׁמְעוֹן), meaning 'he has heard' or 'hearing'. It was a very common name among Jews during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G3898

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-rap-lay-SEE-ohn

Translations: similar, like, resembling, of a similar kind, of a like nature

Notes: This word describes something that is similar or like something else. It is used to indicate a close resemblance or analogy between two or more things or people. For example, one might say 'things of a similar kind' or 'people resembling him'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and πλησίος (plēsios), meaning 'near' or 'neighboring'. Thus, it literally means 'being near alongside', conveying the sense of similarity or resemblance.

G0877

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-fro-SOO-nay

Translations: foolishness, folly, senselessness, a foolishness, a folly, a senselessness

Notes: This word refers to the state or quality of being foolish or senseless. It describes a lack of good sense, prudence, or understanding, often leading to unwise actions or decisions. It is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (ἀ-) meaning 'not' and φρόνησις (phronesis) meaning 'prudence' or 'understanding'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΙΑ, ΜΩΡΙΑ, ἈΣΥΝΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and φρόνησις (phronēsis, 'prudence, understanding'), thus literally meaning 'lack of prudence' or 'lack of understanding'.

G4176

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eh-po-li-TEV-seh

Translations: he lived as a citizen, he conducted himself as a citizen, he administered, he governed, he behaved

Notes: This word describes the action of living or conducting oneself as a citizen, participating in the affairs of a city or state, or administering its laws. It can also refer to one's general conduct or behavior within a community. The form provided indicates a past action completed by a single male or neuter subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΔΙΑΓΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek noun ΠΟΛΙΤΗΣ (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which itself derives from ΠΟΛΙΣ (polis), meaning 'city'. The verb ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΩ therefore means 'to be a citizen' or 'to act as a citizen'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G3615

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-on

Translations: one's own, proper, fitting, suitable, domestic, familiar, a proper thing, one's own thing

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as belonging to one's household, family, or self. It can also mean something that is proper, fitting, or suitable for a particular situation or person. It is often used to indicate a close relationship or inherent quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ, ΕΜΟΣ, ΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ (from which ΟἸΚΕΙΟΝ is derived) comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. It refers to that which pertains to or belongs to a house or family.

G2722

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ka-thex-ON-ta

Translations: about to hold, about to possess, about to restrain, about to occupy, about to keep, about to detain

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb καθέξω (kathexō), meaning 'to hold back, restrain, possess, occupy, or keep'. As a participle, it describes an action that is 'about to happen' or 'intended to happen'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one about to hold'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are about to hold').

Inflection: Future, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb καθέξω (kathexō) is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. The combination suggests holding down or holding firmly.

G0703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TAY

Translations: virtue, excellence, praise, a virtue, an excellence

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or goodness. It can also denote a quality of superiority or distinction, often translated as 'excellence' or 'praise'. It is used to describe the inherent good qualities of a person or thing, or actions that demonstrate moral uprightness. In some contexts, it can refer to the praise or renown that comes from such qualities.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΔΟΞΑ, ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΡΕΤΗ' is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be derived from the same root as 'ἀρεστός' (arestos), meaning 'pleasing' or 'agreeable'. It has a long history in Greek philosophy, where it was a central concept, often referring to the fulfillment of purpose or function.

G0246

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-fy-looss

Translations: foreigners, strangers, aliens, people of another tribe

Notes: This word refers to people of a different race, tribe, or nation. In a biblical context, it often denotes non-Israelites or those who are not part of the chosen people. It is used to describe those who are 'other' or 'alien' in terms of origin or affiliation.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other, different', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, nation'.

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pel-THON-tas

Translations: having come upon, having attacked, having arrived, having approached, having overtaken

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἐπέρχομαι (eperchomai), meaning 'to come upon, to attack, to arrive, to approach, or to overtake'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It is often used to describe an action that precedes or accompanies another action, such as 'having come upon them, they did X'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go').

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΦΘΑΣΑΝ

G4122

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pleh-oh-nek-TEH-in

Translations: to covet, to exploit, to take advantage of, to defraud, to be greedy

Notes: This word means to have or desire more than one's share, to be greedy, or to take advantage of others. It implies an unfair acquisition or an insatiable desire for more. It can be used in contexts of material gain, but also in a broader sense of seeking an unfair advantage.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΚΕΡΔΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of πλέον (pleon), meaning 'more', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have'. Thus, it literally means 'to have more'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-THRON-gays

Translations: obscure, unknown, ignoble, base-born, low-born

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is obscure, unknown, or of ignoble origin. It refers to a person who lacks distinction, fame, or noble ancestry. It can be used to describe someone as base-born or low-born, without prominent ancestors or achievements. For example, one might say 'an athronges man' to mean 'an obscure man' or 'a man of no reputation'.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΝΝΗΣ, ΑΣΗΜΟΣ, ΑΔΟΞΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ἈΘΡΟΓΓΗΣ is uncertain, but it appears to be a compound word. The first part, 'α-', is likely a privative alpha, meaning 'not' or 'without'. The second part, '-θρογγης', is less clear but may relate to 'θρόνος' (thronos), meaning 'throne' or 'seat', implying 'without a seat' or 'without a place of honor'.

G2016

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-fa-NEES

Translations: manifest, conspicuous, illustrious, notable, glorious, a glorious one

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is clearly visible, prominent, or distinguished. It can refer to something that is evident or apparent, or to a person who is famous, noble, or of high standing. It is often used to describe a divine manifestation or a significant event.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΒΛΕΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιφανής (epiphanḗs), from ἐπιφαίνω (epiphaínō, “to show forth, appear”), from ἐπί (epí, “upon, to”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “to shine, appear”).

G4166

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poy-MAYN

Translations: shepherd, a shepherd, pastor, a pastor

Notes: This word refers to a person who tends, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep, goats, or other livestock. Figuratively, it can also refer to a leader or guide, especially in a spiritual sense, like a pastor or overseer of a congregation. It is used to describe someone who cares for and protects others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΠΟΙΜΗΝ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb ποιμάω (poimaō), meaning 'to shepherd'. It is related to the concept of feeding and tending.

G0409

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-neh-pi-fah-NES

Translations: unmanifest, inconspicuous, obscure, unknown, not notable

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-) meaning 'un-' or 'not', and 'ἐπιφανής' (epiphanes) meaning 'manifest' or 'conspicuous'. Therefore, it describes something or someone that is not manifest, not conspicuous, or not notable. It refers to something or someone that is obscure, unknown, or of no particular distinction. It can be used to describe a person of humble origin or a thing that is not easily seen or recognized.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΗΣ, ΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΑΣΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', combined with ἐπιφανής (epiphanes), which comes from ἐπιφαίνω (epiphainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show forth'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AL-kay

Translations: strength, might, power, a strength, a might, a power

Notes: This word refers to physical strength, might, or power. It can be used to describe the inherent ability or force possessed by an individual or entity, often implying a capacity for action or resistance. It is typically used in contexts where physical prowess or forceful capability is being emphasized.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΚΗ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek word referring to strength or power.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOL-may-sen

Translations: he dared, she dared, it dared, he ventured, she ventured, it ventured

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dare' or 'to venture'. It describes an action where someone takes a bold or risky step, often implying courage or audacity. It is used to indicate that a person or entity had the courage or presumption to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΑΩ comes from the noun ΤΟΛΜΑ (tolma), meaning 'daring' or 'boldness'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term.

G2932

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KTOH-meh-non

Translations: acquiring, possessing, getting, obtaining, having, a thing acquired, a possession

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'to acquire' or 'to possess'. It describes something that is being acquired, possessed, or obtained. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive (like a noun) referring to 'that which is acquired' or 'a possession'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The verb κτάομαι (ktaomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to acquire, to possess'. It is related to words signifying property or possession in various Indo-European languages.

G5195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-BREE-sai

Translations: to insult, to outrage, to treat with contempt, to abuse, to revile

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'hybrizō'. It means to act with insolence, to insult, or to treat someone with contempt or violence. It describes an action of arrogant or abusive behavior, often involving a disregard for the rights or dignity of others. It can be used in sentences where one person or group is described as intending or attempting to insult or abuse another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣΚΩ, ΥΒΡΙΣΤΗΣ, ΥΒΡΙΣ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tee-THEH-sthai

Translations: to place, to put, to lay, to set, to appoint, to make, to lay down for oneself, to appoint for oneself, to make for oneself

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'τίθημι'. It generally means 'to place', 'to put', 'to lay', or 'to set'. In the middle voice, it can imply an action done for oneself or to oneself, such as 'to lay down for oneself' or 'to appoint for oneself'. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to make' or 'to establish'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G0355

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-loh-mah

Translations: expense, cost, expenditure, an expense, a cost, an expenditure

Notes: This word refers to an expense, cost, or expenditure. It denotes money or resources that are spent or consumed, often in the context of building, maintaining, or undertaking a project. It can be used to describe the financial outlay required for something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΑΠΑΝΗ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἀναλίσκω (analiskō) or ἀναλόω (analoō), meaning 'to spend up, consume, destroy'. The noun form refers to the result or act of spending or consuming.

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-nee-SOH-meh-non

Translations: that which is about to be, that which will happen, the future, a future thing

Notes: This word is a future middle/passive participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is going to come into existence or occur. In its neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is about to be' or 'the future'.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G4399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-E-khain

Translations: to excel, to surpass, to be superior, to be preeminent, to be prominent

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its infinitive form, it means 'to excel' or 'to be superior'. It is often used to describe someone or something that stands out or is more distinguished than others, indicating a position of advantage or prominence. For example, it can describe someone who excels in a particular quality or holds a leading position.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-meh-noy

Translations: trusted, entrusted, believed, having been entrusted, those who have been entrusted

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been trusted' or 'having been entrusted.' It describes someone or something that has had trust placed in them, or to whom something has been committed. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun, or substantively as a noun itself, referring to 'those who have been entrusted.'

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΑΤΕΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G2509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-THEK-seh-ohs

Translations: of possession, of holding, of occupancy, of retention, a possession

Notes: This word refers to the act of holding, possessing, or occupying something. It implies a firm grip or retention. As a genitive form, it indicates origin, belonging, or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΧΗ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb κατέχω (katechō), meaning 'to hold fast, possess, restrain', which is a compound of κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, hold').

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: doh-KOON-tes

Translations: seeming, appearing, thinking, supposing, reputed, those who seem, those who think

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δοκέω'. It describes someone or something that 'seems' or 'appears' to be a certain way, or 'thinks' or 'supposes' something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, meaning 'those who seem' or 'those who think'. It often implies a subjective perception or a widely held opinion.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved in Greek to 'seem, appear, think, suppose', reflecting the idea of forming an opinion or perception.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-khen

Translations: began, was beginning, ruled, was ruling, led, was leading

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ἄρχω' (archo). It means 'he/she/it began', 'he/she/it was beginning', 'he/she/it ruled', 'he/she/it was ruling', 'he/she/it led', or 'he/she/it was leading'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. It can describe someone starting an action, or someone being in a position of authority or leadership.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἄρχω (archo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-deh

Translations: he knows, she knows, it knows, they know, he has known, she has known, it has known, they have known

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to know' or 'to have known'. It is used to indicate a state of knowing or having knowledge, often implying a settled or complete understanding rather than the process of learning. It can refer to a singular subject (he, she, it) or a plural subject (they), depending on context, as its form is the same for the third person singular and third person plural in the perfect tense.

Inflection: Perfect Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOY

Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates, chief captains, to generals, to commanders, to governors, to magistrates, to chief captains

Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of leaders or officials, often in a military or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'to the generals' or 'the commanders'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-tra-TEH-oo-on

Translations: they were campaigning under, they were serving under, they were fighting under

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'subordinate to', and the verb 'στρατεύω' (strateuō), meaning 'to campaign' or 'to serve as a soldier'. Therefore, it means 'to campaign under' or 'to serve under' someone, implying military service or fighting under the command of another. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΥΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΜΑΧΟΝ

G5359

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foy-TON-tes

Translations: frequenting, resorting, going, coming, attending

Notes: ΦΟΙΤΩΝΤΕΣ is the masculine or neuter plural nominative or accusative present active participle of the verb ΦΟΙΤΑΩ. It describes an action of frequently going to or coming to a place, or resorting to it. It implies a regular or habitual movement towards something or someone, often for the purpose of learning, visiting, or engaging in an activity.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-ree-THEH-meh-nos

Translations: having put around, having placed around, having clothed, having crowned, having laid upon

Notes: This word is a perfect middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'peritithēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the subject either performing the action on themselves (middle voice) or having the action done to them (passive voice). It generally means 'having put something around' or 'having placed something around', often implying clothing, adorning, or laying something upon someone or something. For example, it could refer to someone having put on a crown or having been clothed with something.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle or Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΣ

G1010

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: boo-ley-TEE-ree-on

Translations: council-chamber, senate-house, council-hall, a council-chamber, a senate-house, a council-hall

Notes: This word refers to a place where a council or senate meets to deliberate and make decisions. It is a building or hall specifically designated for such gatherings. It is a compound word derived from 'βουλή' (counsel, plan) and the suffix '-τήριον' (place for).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΡΙΟΝ is derived from the Greek word βουλεύω (bouleuo), meaning 'to take counsel, deliberate,' which itself comes from βουλή (boule), meaning 'counsel, plan, will, decision.' The suffix -τήριον (-terion) indicates a place where an action is performed.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-gen

Translations: he led, he brought, he drove, he carried

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἄγω' (agō). It describes an action of leading, bringing, driving, or carrying that occurred in the past. The specific nuance often depends on the context, but it generally refers to someone or something being moved or guided by another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ, ΟΔΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: poy-ee-TEH-oys

Translations: to things that must be done, for things that must be done, things to be done, what must be done

Notes: This word is a verbal adjective derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. The form 'ποιητέος' (poiēteos) indicates something that must be done or is fit to be done. In this inflected form, it refers to 'things that must be done' or 'what must be done', often implying a sense of necessity or obligation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΚΤΕΟΙΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΤΕΟΙΣ

G1106

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gno-MAY

Translations: mind, purpose, opinion, counsel, judgment, a mind, a purpose, an opinion, a counsel, a judgment

Notes: This word refers to one's mind, purpose, opinion, or judgment. It can describe a decision, a resolution, or a way of thinking. It is often used to express a personal view or a collective agreement on a matter.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΚΡΙΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the root of γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It refers to the faculty of knowing or judging.

G0345

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-na-KEE-meh-na

Translations: reclining, lying, sitting at table, a guest, those reclining

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ἀνάκειμαι' (anakeimai), meaning 'to recline' or 'to lie back'. It is often used in the context of people reclining at a meal, which was a common practice in ancient times. Therefore, it can refer to 'guests' or 'those who are reclining at a table'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, 'up, back') and 'κεῖμαι' (keimai, 'to lie, to be laid').

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOH-deh

Translations: (to) this, (to) this one, (to) this place, here

Notes: ΤΩΔΕ is the dative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΔΕ, meaning 'this here' or 'this very'. It is used to refer to something specific and immediately present or close at hand, often emphasizing its proximity or immediacy. It functions as 'to this' or 'in this' when used with a noun, or 'to this one' or 'here' when used substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-KHOOS

Translations: strength, power, might, force, ability, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word is a noun referring to strength, power, or might. It denotes inherent ability, physical or moral force, and capacity to act or endure. It can be used to describe the power of God, the strength of a nation, or the ability of an individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ischys' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ischō' (to have strength, to be able). It refers to inherent strength or power.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAS-sane

Translations: to do, to practice, to perform, to accomplish, to act, to exact, to demand

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to do, to practice, or to perform an action. It can refer to carrying out a task, accomplishing something, or engaging in a particular activity. It can also imply the act of exacting or demanding something, such as payment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to an earlier form meaning 'to pass through' or 'to travel', which evolved to mean 'to accomplish' or 'to do'.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THEH-loy

Translations: would wish, would desire, would be willing, might wish, might desire, might be willing

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wish', 'to desire', or 'to be willing'. It is used to express a potential or hypothetical wish or desire, often in a polite or indirect manner. It can be used in sentences where one expresses what they 'would' or 'might' want to happen.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΘΕΛΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *thel- meaning 'to wish' or 'to be willing'.

G650

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pos-teh-roo-MEH-noh

Translations: being defrauded, being deprived, being robbed, being withheld from

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb ἀποστερέω, meaning 'to defraud,' 'to deprive,' or 'to rob.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of being defrauded, deprived, or robbed. It indicates a state of being unjustly withheld from something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NOH

Translations: (to) murder, (to) slaughter, (to) killing, (to) bloodshed, (to) death, a murder, a slaughter, a killing, a bloodshed, a death

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder, slaughter, or killing, often implying bloodshed or violent death. As a noun in the dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means by which something is done, such as 'by murder' or 'for murder'. It can also signify the state or condition of being involved in such an act.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΜΑ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΣΦΑΓΗ

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-KEE-meh-noy

Translations: those who are devoted, those who are attached, those who are joined, those who are near, those who are present, those who are lying near, those who are added

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'proskeimai', meaning 'to lie near, to be attached to, to be devoted to'. It describes individuals who are closely associated with, dedicated to, or in close proximity to someone or something. It implies a strong connection or allegiance.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΗΜΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G4176

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: po-li-TEV-on-tes

Translations: those who live as citizens, those who conduct themselves, those who behave, those who administer, those who govern

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are living as citizens' or 'those who are conducting themselves'. It describes an ongoing action of citizenship, governance, or general conduct. It can refer to people who are actively participating in the affairs of a city or state, or more broadly, to how individuals conduct their lives or behave in a community.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΓΩ

G5196

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HY-bray

Translations: (to) insolence, (to) arrogance, (to) outrage, (to) violence, (to) injury, (to) insult, (to) abuse

Notes: This word refers to insolence, arrogance, or outrage, often implying a deliberate act of disrespect or violence. It can also mean injury or abuse. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means or manner by which something is done, such as 'by insolence' or 'with violence'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΡΩΧΙΑ, ΘΡΑΣΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ud-bʰri- (meaning 'up-bearing' or 'over-bearing'), from *ud- ('up, out') and *bʰer- ('to carry, bear'). It originally conveyed the sense of 'overbearing pride' or 'presumption', leading to its meaning of insolence and outrage.

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, the present, the present time, a present thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'present' or 'being present', or as a noun referring to 'the present time' or 'a present thing'. It describes something that is currently existing or happening.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ, ΝΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΩΝ (PARON) comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'being beside' or 'being with', conveying the sense of presence.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOX-an

Translations: they seemed, they thought, they appeared, they resolved, they decided

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It means 'they seemed' or 'they thought' or 'they appeared'. It can also mean 'they resolved' or 'they decided' when referring to a group's decision. It is often used impersonally or with an infinitive to express what seems good or right to a group of people.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G0091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEIN

Translations: to do wrong, to harm, to injure, to be unjust, to wrong

Notes: This verb means to act unjustly, to do wrong, or to cause harm to someone. It describes an action that is contrary to justice or righteousness. It can be used in contexts where someone is treated unfairly or suffers injury due to another's actions.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΔΙΚΙΑ, ἈΔΙΚΟΣ, ΒΛΑΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word Ἀδικέω (adikeō) comes from the adjective ἄδικος (adikos), meaning 'unjust', which is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'to be without justice' or 'to act unjustly'.

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pro-ee-ON-tos

Translations: (of) going forward, (of) going on, (of) advancing, (of) proceeding

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine/neuter form of the present participle of the verb 'προέρχομαι' (proerchomai), meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It describes something that is in the process of moving forward or progressing. In a sentence, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, indicating the subject of the action 'going forward' in a genitive construction, such as 'of the one going forward' or 'as it goes forward'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noo

Translations: (of) time, time

Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.

G1828

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-gree-OH-thay-san

Translations: they were made wild, they were exasperated, they became savage, they were enraged

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make wild, to exasperate, to enrage, to make savage'. It is used here in the aorist passive indicative, third person plural, indicating that a group of people or things were made wild or became enraged by an external force or circumstance. It describes a state of becoming fierce or untamed.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΙΟΩ, ΘΗΡΙΟΩ, ΕΞΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΓΡΙΟΩ is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ἀγριόω (agrioō), meaning 'to make wild' or 'to make savage'. The verb ἀγριόω itself comes from ἄγριος (agrios), meaning 'wild' or 'savage'.

G1227

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEF-xis

Translations: escape, flight, means of escape, a means of escape

Notes: This word refers to the act of escaping or fleeing from danger, difficulty, or an undesirable situation. It can also denote the means or opportunity by which one escapes. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΡΑΣΙΣ, ΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΕΥΞΙΣ is derived from the verb διαφεύγω (diafeugō), meaning 'to flee through' or 'to escape'. It combines the preposition διά (dia), indicating separation or completion, with the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee'.

G1706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-pe-SEIN

Translations: to fall into, to fall upon, to fall among, to come upon, to encounter, to happen upon, to befall, to rush in, to be cast into

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'empíptō', meaning 'to fall into' or 'to fall upon'. It is a compound word formed from 'en' (in, into) and 'piptō' (to fall). It describes the action of entering or encountering something, often suddenly or unexpectedly, or being cast into a situation or place.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (en, 'in, into') and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō, 'to fall'). It literally means 'to fall in'.

G2771

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ker-DOOS

Translations: (of) gain, (of) profit, (of) advantage, (of) lucre

Notes: This word refers to gain, profit, or advantage, often in a financial or material sense. It can also refer to the benefit or advantage derived from something. It is typically used to describe the outcome of an action or transaction that results in something positive for the individual or group involved.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΡΔΟΣ, ΩΦΕΛΕΙΑ, ΠΛΕΟΝΕΞΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΡΔΟΣ (kerdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an older root meaning 'to acquire' or 'to get'.

G4914

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-AY-thee-ah

Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice

Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice that is established through repeated action or tradition. It describes something that is commonly done or observed, whether by an individual or a community. It can be used to speak of a personal routine or a societal norm.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΘΟΣ, ΕΙΩΘΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, 'with') and ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), referring to something that is done together or has become a shared practice.

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-NEH-oo-een

Translations: to murder, to kill, to slay

Notes: This verb means to murder or to kill, often with the implication of unlawful or intentional killing. It is used to describe the act of taking a life, whether human or animal, and can carry a strong moral connotation, especially in religious texts. It is typically followed by an accusative object, indicating who or what is being killed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΕΥΩ comes from φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder' or 'slaughter'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen-, which means 'to strike, kill'.

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-en-tai

Translations: they attack, they lay upon, they put upon, they impose, they inflict

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lay upon,' 'to put upon,' 'to impose,' or 'to inflict.' It often carries the sense of attacking or assaulting someone or something. It can be used to describe physically placing something on another object or person, or metaphorically, such as imposing a burden or inflicting a punishment. In the provided context, it is used to describe an attack.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΦΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4621

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SEE-tos

Translations: grain, a grain, corn, a corn, wheat, a wheat, food, a food

Notes: This word refers to grain, especially wheat, or more generally, food. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, provisions, or sustenance. It can be used to describe the crop itself or the prepared food derived from it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΙΤΕΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "σῖτος" (sitos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to refer to grain or food.

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-TAN-tes

Translations: standing around, surrounding, standing by, standing near, coming around

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'περίστημι' (peristēmi), meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. It describes a group of people or things that are positioned around someone or something, often implying a sense of encircling or being present in the vicinity. It can be used to describe people gathering around a person or an object.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΘΕΝ

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-REH-ee-on

Translations: Ares-like, warlike, martial, brave, valiant, pertaining to Ares, pertaining to the Areopagus

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Ares-like,' 'warlike,' or 'martial.' It can also refer to something pertaining to the Greek god Ares or, in some contexts, to the Areopagus (Mars Hill) in Athens. It is used to describe things or people that possess characteristics associated with war or the god of war.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Accusative or Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΚΟΣ, ΜΑΧΙΜΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the name of the Greek god Ares (Ἄρης), the god of war. The suffix -ιος is used to form adjectives meaning 'pertaining to' or 'like'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2909

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kra-TIS-tooss

Translations: best, most excellent, most powerful, most noble

Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'good' or 'strong', meaning 'best', 'most excellent', or 'most powerful'. It is used to describe someone or something that is superior in quality, rank, or strength. It often refers to individuals of high standing or authority, or to the highest degree of a quality.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΒΕΛΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ is derived from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. It is the superlative form, indicating the highest degree of strength or excellence.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DAY-san-tes

Translations: fearing, having feared, being afraid, having been afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having feared" or "being afraid." It describes an action that happened in the past and resulted in a state of fear. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as a clause (e.g., "those who feared" or "when they feared"). It is often used to describe the state of someone who has experienced fear.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΙ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-zon-tai

Translations: they are saved, they are being saved, they are delivered, they are being delivered, they are preserved, they are being preserved

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save,' 'to deliver,' or 'to preserve.' In this form, it indicates that a group of people or things 'are being saved' or 'are saved' by someone or something else, as it is in the passive voice. It describes an ongoing or habitual state of being saved or delivered.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΝΤΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΩΘΗΝΑΙ

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes

Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-oo-toh-TROH-poys

Translations: (in) such a manner, (in) such a way, (by) such means, (of) such a kind

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'of such a kind' or 'in such a manner'. It describes something that is of the nature or character previously mentioned or implied. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it typically indicates the means or manner by which something is done, translating to 'in such manners' or 'by such means'. It is formed from 'τοιοῦτος' (such, of such a kind) and 'τρόπος' (way, manner).

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ

G3879

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-loo-PEE-sahn

Translations: they grieved, they were greatly distressed, they were saddened, they were very sad

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'beyond') and 'λυπέω' (lypeō, meaning 'to grieve' or 'to cause pain'). It means to cause great grief or distress, or to be greatly distressed oneself. It describes an intense emotional state of sorrow or sadness.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΕΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and the verb λυπέω (lypeō), meaning 'to grieve' or 'to cause pain'.

G5493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kheh-ROO-tai

Translations: subdues, he subdues, she subdues, it subdues, overcomes, he overcomes, she overcomes, it overcomes, conquers, he conquers, she conquers, it conquers, masters, he masters, she masters, it masters

Notes: This word means to subdue, overcome, conquer, or master. It describes the action of gaining control or victory over someone or something. It is often used in contexts of military conquest or gaining power over a situation or people.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΔΑΜΑΖΩ

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G4820

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-bal-OHN

Translations: having met, having engaged, having contributed, having conferred, having joined battle

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συμβάλλω' (symballō), which is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It generally means 'to throw together', 'to bring together', 'to meet', 'to encounter', 'to engage in battle', 'to contribute', or 'to confer'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb, often translated as 'having met' or 'having engaged'. It can be used to describe someone who has joined forces, encountered an opponent, or contributed to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G4245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pres-BY-tah-ton

Translations: oldest, eldest, most senior, the oldest, the eldest, the most senior

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'πρέσβυς' (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'elder'. As a superlative, it means 'oldest', 'eldest', or 'most senior'. It is used to describe the oldest or most senior person or thing among a group. For example, it could refer to the oldest son or the most senior member of a council.

Inflection: Superlative, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΤΑΤΟΝ, ΓΕΡΟΝΤΟΤΑΤΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πρέσβυς' (presbys) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly related to 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', suggesting one who is 'before' others in age or rank.

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-BON-tos

Translations: of taking, of receiving, of seizing, of grasping, of obtaining, of getting, of acquiring, of accepting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes the action of 'one who is taking' or 'one who has taken', often indicating possession or the source of an action. It can be translated as 'of the one taking' or 'of him who took'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THEH-ee

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure, to feel

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (pascho), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It indicates an action of suffering or undergoing something, without specifying the subject or tense, often used in conjunction with other verbs. It can refer to both positive and negative experiences, though it often carries the connotation of hardship or pain.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

Etymology: The verb πάσχω (pascho) comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to feeling or experiencing. It is the root of many English words related to emotion and suffering, such as 'pathos' and 'sympathy'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G3076

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: leh-loo-PEE-meh-nos

Translations: having been grieved, having been distressed, having been saddened, sorrowful, distressed, saddened, grieved

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'λυπέω' (lypeō), meaning 'to grieve' or 'to cause pain'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating an action that has been completed and its result, and as an adjective, describing a state of being. It describes someone who has been made sorrowful or distressed, or who is in a state of grief. It can be used to describe a person who is experiencing deep sadness or emotional pain due to a past event.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ

G635

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-POH-ron

Translations: impassable, without resource, without means, at a loss, difficult, impossible, a difficulty, an impossibility

Notes: This word describes something that is impassable, difficult to traverse, or without a way through. It can also refer to a situation where one is without resources, at a loss, or in a state of perplexity, indicating a lack of means or a solution. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and πόρος (poros, 'a way, passage, resource').

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΑΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

G5594

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: psee-LOH-thays

Translations: having been stripped, having been bared, having been made bare, having been made smooth, having been made bald

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ψιλόω (psiloō). It describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being stripped, bared, or made smooth/bald. It implies a state of being divested of something, whether it be clothing, hair, or any covering, resulting in a bare or exposed condition. It can be used to describe a person who has been stripped of their possessions or a place that has been cleared of trees.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΥΜΝΩΘΕΙΣ, ΕΚΔΥΘΕΙΣ

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dex-ee-AHS

Translations: right, right hand, right side, right-hand side

Notes: This word describes something located on the right side or pertaining to the right hand. It is often used to indicate direction or position, such as 'on the right' or 'to the right'. It can also refer to the right hand itself, which in ancient cultures often symbolized strength, authority, or favor.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΟΣ, ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'δεξιός' (dexios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deḱs- meaning 'right'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to the right side or hand.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tei

Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-do-sin

Translations: he delivers, he hands over, he commits, he entrusts, he betrays, he gives up, he yields

Notes: This verb describes the action of delivering something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can mean to hand over, to commit, to entrust, or even to betray, depending on the context. It is often used in the sense of giving up or yielding something.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G3027

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lees-tay-REE-ohn

Translations: of dens of robbers, of robberies, of gangs of robbers

Notes: This word refers to a den or hideout for robbers, or more broadly, to the act of robbery itself, or a gang of robbers. It is used to describe places where criminal activity, particularly banditry, takes place, or the activities of such criminals. In the provided context, it seems to refer to the prevalence of such activities or groups.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΗΣΤΕΙΑ, ΛΗΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΗΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ (lēstērion) is derived from the noun ΛΗΣΤΗΣ (lēstēs), meaning 'robber' or 'bandit'. The suffix -τήριον (-tērion) often denotes a place or an instrument, thus forming 'a place of robbers' or 'a place for robbery'.

G4134

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLEH-ohs

Translations: full, complete, filled, full of

Notes: This adjective describes something as being full or complete, often in the sense of being filled with something. It can refer to a container being full, or a person being full of a certain quality or emotion. It is typically used with the genitive case to indicate what something is full of.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΓΕΜΩΝ

Etymology: From the root of PIE *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'. It is related to the verb πίμπλημι (pimplēmi), meaning 'to fill'.

G3900

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-TOO-khoi

Translations: happening to meet, encountering, falling in with, meeting by chance

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paratynchanō', meaning 'to happen to meet' or 'to encounter'. It describes someone who happens to be present or who encounters something by chance. It is used to indicate an incidental or accidental meeting or presence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Optative, Third Person, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word παρατυγχάνω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to obtain'.

G4714

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sys-tas-ee-AH-soy-en

Translations: they would revolt, they would rebel, they would rise up in rebellion

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to revolt' or 'to rebel'. It describes the action of a group of people rising up against authority or engaging in civil strife. It is used to indicate a potential or hypothetical future action of rebellion.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word στασιάζω (stasiazo) is derived from στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing', 'a position', or 'a party, faction, rebellion'. The prefix συν- (syn-) means 'with' or 'together', indicating a collective action.

G4291

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pro-ee-STA-me-nos

Translations: leading, ruling, presiding, managing, caring for, one who leads, a leader, a ruler, one who presides, one who manages

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'προΐστημι' (proistēmi). It describes someone who is standing before, leading, ruling, presiding over, or managing something or someone. It can also imply caring for or providing for. It is often used to refer to a person in a position of authority or responsibility, such as a leader, ruler, or manager.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

G3639

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-LEH-throh

Translations: (to) destruction, (to) ruin, (to) death, (to) perdition

Notes: This word refers to destruction, ruin, or perdition. It signifies a state of utter loss or complete undoing. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the object or purpose of an action, such as 'unto the destruction of the firstborn' or 'unto the destruction of men'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ὄλεθρος (olethros) comes from the Greek verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy, to lose'.

G4700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PEY-geh-toh

Translations: was hurrying, was hastening, was eager, was pressing on

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'epeigō'. In the middle voice, it means 'to hurry oneself' or 'to hasten'. It describes an action that was ongoing in the past, indicating someone was in the process of moving quickly or being eager to do something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Third Person, Singular, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'epeigō' is derived from the prefix 'epi-' (upon, to) and a root related to 'aigō' (to rush, to move quickly). It conveys the sense of urging oneself forward or being pressed to act.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-this-TAH-meh-noy

Translations: appointing, establishing, setting, placing, being appointed, being established, being set, being placed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kathistēmi', meaning to appoint, establish, or set in place. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by or on the subject of the sentence, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It is a compound word formed from 'kata' (down, against) and 'histēmi' (to stand, to cause to stand).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

G3676

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: oh-mo-FY-loo

Translations: of the same race, of the same nation, of the same tribe, of the same kind, of a fellow countryman

Notes: This word is a compound adjective or noun meaning 'of the same race, nation, or kind'. It describes someone or something sharing a common origin, lineage, or characteristic with another. It is often used to refer to fellow countrymen or people of the same ethnic group. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun or function as a noun itself, indicating a relationship of shared identity.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΕΘΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ is a compound word derived from ὅμος (homos), meaning 'same' or 'alike', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, or clan'. It literally means 'of the same tribe/race'.

G1716

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-POY-oo-en-tes

Translations: causing, producing, making, creating, bringing about

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἐμποιέω', which means 'to cause', 'to produce', or 'to create'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in, among) and 'ποιέω' (to make, to do). As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or habitual, often functioning adjectivally to modify a noun or adverbially to describe how an action is performed. It indicates the agent or means by which something is brought into existence or occurs.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΓΕΝΝΩΝΤΕΣ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'ἐμποιέω' is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (meaning 'in' or 'among') and the verb 'ποιέω' (meaning 'to make' or 'to do'). It literally means 'to make in' or 'to do in', evolving to signify the act of causing or producing something within a context or situation.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poon-THA-ne-tai

Translations: he inquires, he learns, he ascertains, he asks, she inquires, she learns, she ascertains, she asks, it inquires, it learns, it ascertains, it asks

Notes: This word means to inquire, to learn by inquiry, or to ascertain. It is often used to describe the act of seeking information or finding out something through questioning or investigation. It can be used in contexts where someone is asking a question or gathering information.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: grap-SAN-tos

Translations: of writing, of having written, of one who wrote, of one who has written

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a genitive participle, it often functions like a noun or adjective, indicating possession or description. It can be translated as 'of writing' or 'of one who wrote/has written', often implying 'because someone wrote' or 'when someone wrote' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΕΠΙΓΡΑΦΩ

G1167

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DEE-sas

Translations: having feared, fearing, being afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of fearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΗΘΕΙΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΗΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δείδω' (deidō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to flee'. It is related to words signifying dread or flight.

G5001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TAHG-mah-tos

Translations: (of) order, (of) arrangement, (of) a division, (of) a company, (of) a troop

Notes: This word refers to an orderly arrangement, a fixed succession, or a division or company of soldiers. It is used to describe things that are set in a particular order or sequence, or a group that is organized in a specific way, such as a military unit. The form provided is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-pah

Translations: remaining, the rest, the others, what is left, the things that remain

Notes: This word refers to what is left over, remaining, or the rest of something. It can be used as an adjective to describe things that are remaining, or substantively as a noun to refer to the remaining people or things. It is often used in the plural to mean 'the rest' or 'the others'.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural; or Nominative or Vocative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-koo-ree-KAH

Translations: auxiliary, helpful, assisting, allied, mercenary

Notes: This word describes something that provides aid, help, or support. It can refer to troops or forces that are brought in to assist, often implying mercenary or allied forces. It is used here in the neuter plural form, likely referring to 'things' or 'matters' that are auxiliary or helpful.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ἐπίκουρος (epikouros), meaning 'helper' or 'ally', which itself comes from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition') and κούρος (kouros, 'boy, young man', often implying a servant or helper).

G5076

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tet-RAR-khai

Translations: tetrarchs

Notes: This word refers to rulers of a fourth part of a region or territory. It is a compound word formed from 'tetra' (meaning four) and 'archos' (meaning ruler). It is used to describe a governor or prince who governs one of four divisions of a country or province, often appointed by a higher authority like the Roman emperor.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΤΡΑΡΧΗΣ is a compound of the Greek prefix τετρα- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the noun ἀρχός (archos), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. It literally means 'ruler of a fourth part'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EI-khon

Translations: they were providing, they were offering, they were supplying, they were presenting, they were giving, they were showing

Notes: This word describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'to provide', 'to offer', 'to supply', or 'to present'. It indicates that a group of people was continuously or habitually giving, furnishing, or making something available. It can also mean to show or exhibit something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

G4131

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: po-lee-or-KOO-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those being besieged, (for) those being besieged

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being besieged' or 'under siege'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun, but it also retains verbal qualities, indicating an ongoing action. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'those who are being besieged' or 'to/for the besieged ones'. It describes people or a group of people who are currently under attack or surrounded by an enemy force.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΚΥΚΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G4410

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais is the name of an ancient city, located on the coast of Phoenicia (modern-day Acre, Israel). It was a significant port city in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is used in sentences to refer to the city itself, often as a destination or location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ptolemais is derived from the Greek personal name Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος), a common name among the Hellenistic kings of Egypt, particularly Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who refounded and renamed the city.

G1950

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-gess-thigh

Translations: to hasten, to hurry, to be urgent, to press on, to be eager

Notes: This is a verb in the present middle/passive infinitive form, meaning 'to hasten' or 'to hurry'. It describes the act of moving or acting with speed or urgency, or to be eager to do something. It can also imply being pressed or urged on.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ, ἘΠΙΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the verb εἴγω (eigo, 'to drive, to urge').

G4311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ex-e-PEM-pon-to

Translations: they were sent forth, they were escorted forth, they were dispatched, they were sent on ahead

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefixes πρό (pro, 'before, forth') and ἐκ (ek, 'out of, from') combined with the verb πέμπω (pempō, 'to send'). In this form, it describes an action where people were being sent forth or escorted ahead, often with the implication of being sent out from a place or in advance of others. The middle/passive voice indicates that the subjects were the ones being sent or escorted.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

G1330

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-EE-on-tee

Translations: (to) passing through, (to) going through, (to) traversing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, dative singular, of the verb 'διέρχομαι' (dierchomai), meaning 'to go through' or 'to pass through'. It describes someone or something that is currently in the act of passing through. It is often used to indicate movement across a space or region, or to describe the act of going through a process or experience.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΙ, ΔΙΟΔΕΥΟΝΤΙ

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1948

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-KOO-roos

Translations: helpers, allies, assistants

Notes: This word refers to those who provide aid, assistance, or support. It can be translated as 'helpers,' 'allies,' or 'assistants.' It is used to describe individuals or groups who come to the aid of others, often in a military or supportive capacity.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΥΣ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΟΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΣΤΑΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word Ἐπίκουρος (epikouros) is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb κοῦρος (kouros), meaning 'to run' or 'to hasten.' It originally referred to someone who runs to help or comes to the rescue.

G2932

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KTOH-meh-nos

Translations: acquiring, possessing, obtaining, gaining, he who acquires, the one who acquires

Notes: This word is a present middle participle derived from the verb κτάομαι (ktaomai), meaning 'to acquire, to get, to obtain, to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the process of acquiring or possessing. It can be translated as 'acquiring' or 'the one who acquires', indicating an ongoing action of gaining or holding something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩΝ

Etymology: The verb κτάομαι (ktaomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to acquire, to possess'. It is related to words signifying property or possession.

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: stah-THEY-sees

Translations: of having been stood, of having been set, of having been established, of having been appointed, of having been placed, of having been made to stand

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), which means 'to stand', 'to set', 'to place', or 'to establish'. As a passive participle, it describes something that has been caused to stand or has been set in a particular position or state. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the subject of a dependent clause, frequently translated with 'of' or implying a temporal or causal relationship (e.g., 'when it had been stood').

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΕΙΣΗΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΗΣ

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOOS

Translations: having delivered, having handed over, having given up, having betrayed, having committed, having entrusted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidōmi), meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to give up,' or 'to betray.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the agent who performed the action of handing over or delivering something, or the state of having done so. For example, it can be used to describe someone who has delivered a message, handed over a prisoner, or betrayed a trust.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G1599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EH-pem-pen

Translations: he was sending out, he was dispatching, he was sending forth

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. It describes the action of sending someone or something out or away from a place. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action in progress in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G4425

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PTO-le-MAH-ee-doss

Translations: of Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais was an ancient city on the coast of Phoenicia, known today as Acre or Akko in modern-day Israel. It was a significant port city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, often mentioned in historical and biblical texts. The name 'Ptolemais' was given to it by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, an Egyptian pharaoh, in the 3rd century BC.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The city was originally known as Akko. It was renamed Ptolemais by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, a king of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the 3rd century BC. The name 'Ptolemais' is derived from his name.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OH-men-oy

Translations: having, holding, possessing, next to, adjoining, following, bordering, contiguous

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. When used as a participle, it often describes something that is 'having' or 'holding' something. However, in Koine Greek, it frequently takes on a spatial or temporal meaning, indicating something that is 'next to', 'adjoining', 'following', or 'bordering' something else. It can describe proximity or succession.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G1688

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-BAL-ohn

Translations: throwing in, casting in, putting in, inserting, falling upon, attacking, striking, embracing, laying hands on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐμβάλλω', meaning 'to throw in' or 'to cast in'. It can describe the action of putting something into something else, or metaphorically, to fall upon or attack someone. In some contexts, it can also mean to embrace or lay hands on, often with a sense of force or direct action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G04742

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: an-tee-kah-tah-STAN-tas

Translations: those who have been replaced, those who have been appointed in place of, those who have been set in opposition, those who have been resisted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ἀντικαθίστημι, meaning 'to replace, to appoint in place of, to set in opposition, or to resist'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of the verb. In this form, it refers to 'those who have been replaced' or 'those who have been set in opposition'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΤΆΣΣΩ, ἈΝΘΊΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TREH-peh-tai

Translations: he turns, she turns, it turns, he changes, she changes, it changes, he is turned, she is turned, it is turned, he is changed, she is changed, it is changed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn, to change, or to be turned/changed. It is used in the middle or passive voice, indicating that the subject is either performing the action on itself or is having the action performed upon it. For example, it can describe someone turning around or a situation being altered.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

G0138

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LON

Translations: having taken, having chosen, having seized, having captured, having preferred

Notes: This word is the masculine, nominative, singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō). It means 'to take,' 'to choose,' 'to seize,' or 'to capture.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man having taken the book,' where 'having taken' describes the man.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΑΣ, ΣΥΛΛΑΒΩΝ

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ee-ahs

Translations: of Samaria

Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central part of the Land of Israel. It was the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel. In the New Testament, it is often mentioned in the context of Jesus' interactions with Samaritans. It is used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the mountain of Samaria' or 'the region of Samaria'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew word 'Shomron' (שֹׁמְרוֹן), which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, who sold the hill to Omri, King of Israel, who then built the city of Samaria on it.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PES-kheh-toh

Translations: he abstained, he held himself back, he kept away, he refrained

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative middle voice of the verb ἀπέχω (apechō). It means to hold oneself off or away from something, to abstain, or to refrain. It implies a deliberate act of keeping distance or avoiding involvement.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ἘΧΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and ἔχω (echō, "to have, to hold"). It literally means 'to hold oneself away from'.

G3501

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: neh-oh-teh-rees-MOYS

Translations: innovations, new things, revolutionary changes, revolutionary movements

Notes: This word refers to innovations, new things, or revolutionary changes, often implying a sense of novelty or a departure from established norms. It can also denote revolutionary movements or attempts to overthrow existing order. It is typically used in a context where something new or different is being introduced or pursued.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΤΗΤΕΣ, ΚΑΙΝΑ

Etymology: The word ΝΕΩΤΕΡΙΣΜΟΣ (neoterismos) comes from the adjective ΝΕΩΤΕΡΟΣ (neoteros), meaning 'newer' or 'younger', which is the comparative form of ΝΕΟΣ (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. It refers to the act or result of making something new.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: strah-toh-peh-DEH-veh-tai

Translations: he encamps, she encamps, it encamps, he pitches camp, she pitches camp, it pitches camp, he takes up a position, she takes up a position, it takes up a position

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to encamp, to pitch a camp, or to take up a position. It describes the act of setting up a military camp or a temporary dwelling place, often in a strategic location. It is used in the third person singular, indicating that 'he, she, or it' is performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ is a compound word derived from ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ (STRATOS), meaning 'army' or 'camp', and ΠΕΔΟΝ (PEDON), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'. It literally means 'to place an army on the ground'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-PIP-ra-sin

Translations: to set on fire, to burn, to consume by fire

Notes: This word means to set something on fire, to burn it, or to consume it by fire. It is often used in contexts of destruction or hostile action, indicating the deliberate act of igniting something. It can be used transitively, taking an object that is being burned.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΠΟΛΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐμπίπρημι (empíprēmi), from ἐν (en, "in") + πίπρημι (píprēmi, "to burn").

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-san

Translations: plundered, they plundered, they seized as spoil, they carried off as plunder

Notes: This word describes the act of plundering, seizing, or carrying off something as spoil. It implies a forceful and often violent taking of possessions, typically after a conquest or attack. It is used to describe what a group of people did.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize', 'to snatch', or 'to carry off'. The prefix διά intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-noo

Translations: of murder, of slaughter, of killing, murder, slaughter, killing

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder, slaughter, or killing. It is a noun that describes the violent taking of a life. It can be used in various contexts to denote the act itself or the result of such an act.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΟΣ (phonos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen-, meaning 'to strike, kill'. It is related to other words in Greek and other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of striking or killing.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: keh-LEF-san-tos

Translations: (of) having commanded, (of) having ordered, (of) having urged, (of) having directed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κελεύω', meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. As a genitive participle, it often indicates the agent or cause of an action, translating to 'of one who commanded' or 'when he commanded'. It describes someone who has given an order or instruction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'κελεύω' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'κέλλω' (to drive, to urge).

G1649

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-dee-KEE-ah

Translations: vengeance, avenging, punishment, vindication, a vindication

Notes: This word refers to the act of avenging or taking vengeance, often implying a just retribution or punishment. It can also mean vindication, the act of clearing someone of blame or suspicion. It is used to describe the process of obtaining justice or satisfaction for a wrong suffered.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΑΝΤΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It literally means 'out of justice' or 'from justice', referring to the execution of justice or retribution.

G4931

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-teh-teh-LEF-kee-koh-tohn

Translations: of those who have died with, of those who have finished together, of those who have been brought to an end together

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'τελέω' (teleō), meaning 'to finish', 'to complete', or 'to die'. In this form, it refers to those who have completed something together, or more commonly, those who have died together or have been brought to an end together. It describes a group of people who share a common fate of completion or death.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΙΣΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΩΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ek-LEE-fthay-sa

Translations: having failed beforehand, having ceased beforehand, having been abandoned beforehand, having been forsaken beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix προ- (pro-), meaning "before" or "in advance," and the verb ἐκλείπω (ekleipō), meaning "to fail, cease, or disappear." Therefore, προεκλείπω means "to fail beforehand," "to cease in advance," or "to be abandoned/forsaken beforehand." As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred prior to the main action of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

G4886

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-AP-teh

Translations: joined, united, connected, attached

Notes: This word describes the action of joining, uniting, or connecting things or people together. It implies bringing two or more entities into close association or contact. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate that someone or something was brought together with another.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΟΛΛΑΩ

Etymology: From the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἅπτω (haptō), meaning 'to fasten' or 'to join'.

G3706

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sin

Translations: sight, appearance, face, a sight, an appearance, a face

Notes: This word refers to the act of seeing, the faculty of sight, or the visible appearance of something. It can denote a vision, a physical appearance, or even the face or countenance of a person. It is used to describe what is seen or perceived.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΘΕΑ

Etymology: The word ὄψις (opsis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *okʷ- meaning 'to see'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and vision.

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-nan-tes

Translations: having endured, having persevered, having remained, having stood firm, having waited patiently

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ὑπομένω (hypomenō). It describes an action of enduring, persevering, or remaining under something, often implying steadfastness in the face of difficulty or opposition. It is used to describe those who have already completed the action of enduring or persevering. The word combines ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G1458

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eng-ka-LOON-tos

Translations: accusing, charging, calling to account

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἐγκαλέω' (enkaleō), meaning 'to call in, to accuse, to charge with a fault'. It describes someone who is in the act of accusing or bringing a charge against another person. It is often used in legal or formal contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐγκαλέω' (enkaleō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'to call in' or 'to call upon', which evolved to mean 'to call to account' or 'to accuse'.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LYOO-ohn-toh

Translations: they were released, they were dismissed, they were set free, they were sent away, they were divorced

Notes: This word describes an action of being released, dismissed, or sent away. It is often used in contexts where people are allowed to depart, or are freed from an obligation or captivity. It can also refer to being divorced or set free from a marriage bond. The form indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G4896

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-NO-doo

Translations: of an assembly, of a meeting, of a synod, of a company, of a coming together

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, a meeting, or a company. It can also refer to the act of coming together. The form ΣΥΝΟΔΟΥ is the genitive singular, indicating possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΟΔΟΣ (HODOS), meaning 'way' or 'journey'. Thus, it literally means 'a coming together' or 'a journeying together'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoo-oss

Translations: (of) multitude, (of) a multitude, (of) crowd, (of) a crowd, (of) throng, (of) a throng, (of) great number, (of) a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number of people or things, a multitude, crowd, or throng. It is often used to describe a large gathering of people. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a multitude' or 'belonging to a crowd'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, meaning 'full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words signifying fullness or abundance.

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THON-tes

Translations: having come together, having assembled, having gathered, having met

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'συνέρχομαι' (synerchomai), meaning 'to come together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a group of people who have gathered or met. It is often used to describe a collective action or a state resulting from a prior assembly.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: SKHON-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, holding fast, having obtained

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates that the subjects 'had' or 'held' something at a point in time, often implying a completed action that resulted in a state of having or holding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ

G522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ap-ayn-TEE-ka-sin

Translations: they have met, they have gone to meet, they have come to meet

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'ἀπαντάω' (apantaō), meaning 'to meet'. Therefore, 'προαπηντήκασιν' means 'they have met beforehand' or 'they have gone ahead to meet'. It describes an action of meeting someone or something that has already occurred, with an emphasis on the prior movement or anticipation of the meeting.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΥΠΑΝΤΑΩ

G2501

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-OH-say-poss

Translations: Joseph

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the male personal name Joseph. It is a common name in biblical texts, appearing frequently in both the Old and New Testaments. It is used to identify individuals, such as Joseph, the husband of Mary, or Joseph of Arimathea.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name ἸΩΣΗΠΟΣ (Iōsēpos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add' or 'May he add'. It was a very common name among Jews and was transliterated into Greek.

G0431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-NEP-see-os

Translations: cousin, a cousin, nephew, a nephew

Notes: This word refers to a male relative, specifically a cousin or a nephew. It is used to denote a family relationship, indicating someone who is the son of one's uncle or aunt, or the son of one's sibling. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΕΨΙΟΣ is derived from the prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and ἔψιος (epsios), which is related to cooking or boiling, but in this context, it refers to a 'kinsman' or 'relative'. The precise etymology is debated, but it generally refers to a close family member, particularly a cousin or nephew.

G71

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: AH-gon-tes

Translations: leading, bringing, carrying, guiding, going, doing, observing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἄγω' (agō), meaning 'to lead,' 'to bring,' or 'to carry.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can mean 'those who are leading,' 'while leading,' or 'by leading,' depending on the context. It can also refer to 'doing' or 'observing' something, especially in the context of festivals or rituals.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ἘΛΚΟΝΤΕΣ

G5260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pex-EEL-then

Translations: went out from under, slipped away, escaped, withdrew, got away

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ὑπό (under), ἐκ (out of), and ἔρχομαι (to come/go). It means to go out from under something, to slip away, or to escape. It implies a movement of withdrawal or evasion, often from a difficult or dangerous situation. It can be used to describe someone escaping a place or avoiding a confrontation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three prepositions and a verb. Ὑπό (hypo) means 'under', ἐκ (ek) means 'out of', and ἔρχομαι (erchomai) means 'to come' or 'to go'. The combination signifies a movement of going out from under something.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-san

Translations: sea, a sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G1934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ZAY-tei

Translations: he sought, he searched for, he demanded, he required, he looked for

Notes: This word describes the action of seeking, searching for, or demanding something. It implies a diligent or earnest search, often with a specific purpose or goal in mind. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ζητέω (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ζητέω (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of the verb, suggesting a more earnest or focused search.

G0646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-seh-ohs

Translations: of rebellion, of revolt, of defection, of apostasy

Notes: This word refers to a falling away, a defection, or a rebellion from a previous state, allegiance, or belief. It describes a deliberate abandonment or renunciation, often implying a separation from a religious or political authority. It is used to describe acts of revolt or a turning away from faith.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ἈΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΙΣ, ἈΠΟΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ἀποστασία (apostasia) comes from the Greek verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand off, to depart, to withdraw'. It is formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state'.

G4591

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: say-mah-ee-no-MEH-nohn

Translations: being signified, being indicated, being made known, being shown, being pointed out, being revealed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being signified' or 'being indicated'. It describes something that is being pointed out, made known, or revealed by an action or event. In a sentence, it would function like an adjective or adverb, describing the state of something or the manner in which an action occurs, often implying that something is being brought to light or understood.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: From σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'a sign' or 'a mark'. The verb σημαίνω (sēmainō) means 'to give a sign', 'to show by a sign', or 'to signify'.

G0159

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ai-tee-OH-tah-toos

Translations: most responsible, most guilty, most to blame, the most responsible ones, the most guilty ones

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'αἴτιος' (aitios), meaning 'responsible' or 'guilty'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of responsibility or culpability. It is used to describe individuals or groups who are most accountable for an action or situation, often implying blame.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ὙΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ, ἘΝΟΧΟΣ

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-ken

Translations: he sent away, he let go, he left, he forgave, he permitted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send away,' 'to let go,' 'to leave,' 'to forgive,' or 'to permit.' It describes an action of releasing, abandoning, or granting permission. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀφίημι is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to send away' or 'to let go from.'

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-PEM-pe-tai

Translations: is sent away, is dismissed, is divorced, is sent back, is returned

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send away,' 'to dismiss,' or 'to divorce.' It is used to describe an action where someone or something is dispatched or sent off from a place or a relationship. It can refer to sending a person away, dismissing a group, or legally divorcing a spouse. In the passive voice, as in this form, it means 'to be sent away' or 'to be dismissed.'

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G5540

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHREE-see-mon

Translations: useful, profitable, advantageous, serviceable, a useful thing, what is useful

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning useful, profitable, or advantageous. It describes something that is beneficial or serves a good purpose. It can be used to describe objects, actions, or qualities that are helpful or valuable.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ (chrēsimos) comes from the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use, employ, make use of'.

G3878

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ay-KOO-stoh

Translations: disobeyed, was disobedient, neglected to hear, heard amiss, was heard amiss

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to disobey," "to neglect to hear," or "to hear amiss." It can also mean "to be heard amiss" or "to be disobeyed" in the passive voice. It implies a failure to listen properly or to comply with what is heard. In the passive, it describes something that was not heard correctly or was disregarded.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ, ΑΜΕΛΕΩ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

G2555

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-koor-GEH-in

Translations: to do evil, to commit evil, to be a wrongdoer, to be a criminal

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κακουργέω'. It means 'to do evil', 'to commit evil', or 'to be a wrongdoer'. It describes the act of engaging in malicious or criminal behavior. It can be used in sentences where the subject is performing harmful or wicked actions.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΕΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΔΙΚΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'κακουργέω' is a compound word derived from 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'to do evil deeds'.

G4037

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-ghee-non-toh

Translations: they were surviving, they were overcoming, they were prevailing, they were superior, they were left over

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri, meaning 'around' or 'over') and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai, meaning 'to become' or 'to be'). In its inflected form, it describes an ongoing action in the past where a group of people or things were in the process of surviving, overcoming, prevailing, or being superior to something else. It can also mean that they were left over or remained after an event.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-es-TAY-keh-nai

Translations: to stand together, to be composed of, to be constituted, to be formed, to be established, to commend, to introduce, to prove, to show

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'συνίστημι' (synistēmi). It is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' Therefore, it literally means 'to stand together' or 'to cause to stand together.' Depending on the context, it can mean to be composed or constituted of something, to be established, to be formed, or to commend/introduce someone, or to prove/show something. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word συνίστημι (synistēmi) is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.'

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: poon-THA-noh-me-nos

Translations: inquiring, asking, learning, finding out, while inquiring, by asking

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι'. It means to inquire, to ask, or to learn by inquiry. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual, often translated as 'while inquiring' or 'by asking'. It can be used to describe someone who is actively seeking information or coming to know something through investigation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kon

Translations: they came, they had come, they arrived, they had arrived

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect or aorist indicative form of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that occurred in the past, either as a continuous action (imperfect) or a completed action (aorist). It is used to indicate that a group of people or things came to a certain place or state.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Imperfect or Aorist

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἥκω (hēkō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἵκω (hikō), meaning 'to come'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-REH-doh-sahn

Translations: they delivered, they handed over, they committed, they entrusted, they betrayed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition "παρά" (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb "δίδωμι" (didomi), meaning "to give." Together, it means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something to someone else. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a person into custody, handing over traditions, or even betraying someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-kho-ROHN

Translations: allowing, permitting, conceding, granting, yielding, forgiving, pardoning

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or neuter, singular, genitive or dative, or plural, nominative or accusative. It describes the action of allowing, permitting, conceding, or granting something. It can also mean to forgive or pardon. It is often used to indicate that someone is giving way to another's request or action, or overlooking an offense.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular (Genitive or Dative) or Plural (Nominative or Accusative)

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nes

Translations: rulers, governors, leaders, commanders, a ruler, a governor, a leader, a commander

Notes: This word refers to those who hold a position of authority or leadership, such as a governor, a commander, or a chief. It is often used in the context of political or military leadership. It is the plural form of the noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ comes from the Greek verb ἥγημαι (hēgēmai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to one who leads or guides others.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G1330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EE-ken

Translations: sent through, let go through, let go, released, dismissed, allowed to pass, passed through

Notes: This word describes the action of sending something through, letting it go, or dismissing it. It can refer to allowing someone or something to pass through a place, or to releasing someone from custody or service. In the provided context, it means 'dismissed' or 'let go'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΗΚΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', and the verb ΗΚΩ (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to have come'. The compound verb thus conveys the sense of 'coming through' or 'passing through'.

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: syng-ge-NEYS

Translations: related, kindred, kinsfolk, relatives, a relative, kinsmen, a kinsman

Notes: This word describes someone who is related by birth or family, indicating a familial connection. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'related' or 'kindred,' or more commonly as a noun to refer to 'relatives' or 'kinsfolk.' It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race, family, or kind,' emphasizing the shared origin or family tie.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-noos

Translations: alone, only, solitary, the only ones, the solitary ones

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone', 'only', or 'solitary'. It describes a state of being by oneself or being the sole instance of something. It can be used to emphasize uniqueness or isolation. In this form, it is the masculine plural accusative case, meaning it would typically modify a masculine plural noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΙΔΙΟΣ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G5431

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: fron-TEE-san-tes

Translations: having cared, having thought, having considered, having taken thought, having been anxious

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'phrontizo'. It describes an action that was completed before the main verb's action, indicating that the subject 'having cared' or 'having thought' about something. It conveys the idea of giving careful attention or consideration to a matter, often implying concern or forethought.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΗΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G1342