Psalms Chapter 59, Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)

Psalms, Chapter 59

Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)

59:1
59:2
59:3
59:4
59:5
59:6
59:7
59:8
59:9
59:10
59:11
59:12
59:13
59:14

59:1

(MT: 60:1)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:1 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:1 in the LXX.
ΕΙϹ
- EIS
- into
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΤΕΛΟϹ
- TELOS
- end
ΤΟΙϹ
- TOIS
- to-the
ΑΛΛΟΙΩΘΗϹΟΜΕΝΟΙϹ
- ALLOIŌTHĒSOMENOIS
- ones-who-will-be-changed
ΕΤΙ
- ETI
- still
ΕΙϹ
- EIS
- into
ϹΤΗΛΟΓΡΑΦΙΑΝ
- STĒLOGRAPHIAN
- inscription-on-a-pillar
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΔΑΥΕΙΔ
- DAUEID
- David
ΕΙϹ
- EIS
- for
ΔΙΔΑΧΗΝ
- DIDACHĒN
- teaching

59:2

(MT: 60:2)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:2 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:2 in the LXX.
ΟΠΟΤΕ
- OPOTE
- when
ΕΝΕΠΥΡΙϹΕΝ
- ENEPYRISEN
- he-burned
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΜΕϹΟΠΟΤΑΜΙΑΝ
- MESOPOTAMIAN
- Mesopotamia
ϹΥΡΙΑϹ
- SYRIAS
- of-Syria
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ϹΥΡΙΑΝ
- SYRIAN
- Syria
ϹΩΒΑΛ
- SŌBAL
- of-Zobah
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΠΕϹΤΡΕΨΕΝ
- EPESTREPSEN
- Joab
ΙΩΑΒ
- IŌAB
- returned
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΠΑΤΑΞΕΝ
- EPATAXEN
- he-struck
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΦΑΡΑΓΓΑ
- PHARAGGA
- valley
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-salt
ΑΛΩΝ
- ALŌN
- of-salt
ΙΒ
- IB
- twelve
ΧΕΙΛΙΑΔΑϹ
- CHEILIADAS
- thousands

59:3

(MT: 60:3)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:3 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:3 in the LXX.
Ο
- O
- the
ΘϹ
- THS
- God
ΑΠΩϹΩ
- APŌSŌ
- you-cast-us-off
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΚΑΘΕΙΛΕϹ
- KATHEILES
- you-pulled-us-down
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΩΡΓΙϹΘΗϹ
- ŌRGISTHĒS
- you-were-angry
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΗϹΑϹ
- OIKTEIRĒSAS
- you-had-compassion
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us

59:4

(MT: 60:4)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:4 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:4 in the LXX.
ϹΥΝΕϹΙϹΑϹ
- SYNESISAS
- you-shook
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΓΗΝ
- GĒN
- earth
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ϹΥΝΕΤΑΡΑΞΑϹ
- SYNETARAXAS
- you-shattered
ΑΥΤΗΝ
- AUTĒN
- it
ΙΑϹΑΙ
- IASAI
- heal
ΤΑ
- TA
- the
ϹΥΝΤΡΙΜΜΑΤΑ
- SYNTRIMMATA
- breaks
ΑΥΤΗϹ
- AUTĒS
- of-it
ΟΤΙ
- OTI
- because
ΕϹΑΛΕΥΘΗ
- ESALEUTHĒ
- it-was-shaken

59:5

(MT: 60:5)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:5 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:5 in the LXX.
ΕΔΕΙΞΑϹ
- EDEIXAS
- you-showed
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΛΑΩ
- LAŌ
- people
ϹΟΥ
- SOU
- your
ϹΚΛΗΡΑ
- SKLĒRA
- hard-things
ΕΠΟΤΙϹΑϹ
- EPOTISAS
- you-made-drink
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΟΙΝΟΝ
- OINON
- wine
ΚΑΤΑΝΥΞΕΩϹ
- KATANYXEŌS
- of-stunning

59:6

(MT: 60:6)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:6 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:6 in the LXX.
ΕΔΩΚΑϹ
- EDŌKAS
- you-gave
ΤΟΙϹ
- TOIS
- to-the
ΦΟΒΟΥΜΕΝΟΙϹ
- PHOBOUMENOIS
- ones-fearing
ϹΕ
- SE
- you
ϹΗΜΙΩϹΙΝ
- SĒMIŌSIN
- [a] sign
ΤΟΥ
- TOU
- of-the
ΦΥΓΕΙΝ
- PHYGEIN
- to-flee
ΑΠΟ
- APO
- from
ΠΡΟϹΩΠΟΥ
- PROSŌPOU
- face
ΤΟΞΟΥ
- TOXOU
- of-bow
ΔΙΑΨΑΛΜΑ
- DIAPSALMA
- interlude

59:7

(MT: 60:7)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:7 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:7 in the LXX.
ΟΠΩϹ
- OPŌS
- so-that
ΑΝ
- AN
- (?)
ΡΥϹΘΩϹΙΝ
- RHYSTHŌSIN
- they-might-be-delivered
ΟΙ
- OI
- the
ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΙ
- AGAPĒTOI
- beloved-ones
ϹΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ϹΩϹΟΝ
- SŌSON
- save
ΤΗ
- TĒ
- to-the
ΔΕΞΙΑ
- DEXIA
- right-hand
ϹΟΥ
- SOU
- of-you
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΠΑΚΟΥϹΟΝ
- EPAKOUSON
- listen
Μ(ΟΥ)
- M(OU)
- to-me

59:8

(MT: 60:8)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:8 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:8 in the LXX.
Ο
- O
- the
ΘϹ
- THS
- God
ΕΛΑΛΗϹΕΝ
- ELALĒSEN
- spoke
ΕΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- the
ΑΓΙΩ
- AGIŌ
- holy
ΑΥΤΟΥ
- AUTOU
- his
ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑϹΟΜΑΙ
- AGALLIASOMAI
- I-will-rejoice
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΩ
- DIAMERIŌ
- I-will-divide
ϹΙΚΙΜΑ
- SIKIMA
- Shechem
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ
- KOILADA
- valley
ΤΩΝ
- TŌN
- of-the
ϹΚΗΝΩΝ
- SKĒNŌN
- tents
ΔΙΑΜΕΤΡΗϹΩ
- DIAMETRĒSŌ
- I-will-measure-out

59:9

(MT: 60:9)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:9 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:9 in the LXX.
ΕΜΟϹ
- EMOS
- mine
ΕϹΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is
ΓΑΛΑΑΔ
- GALAAD
- Gilead
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΜΟϹ
- EMOS
- mine
ΕϹΤΙΝ
- ESTIN
- is
(ΜΑΝΑϹϹΗ)
- (MANASSĒ)
- Manasseh
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
ΜΑΝΑϹϹΗϹ}
- MANASSĒS}
- Manasseh
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΕΦΡΑΙΜ
- EPHRAIM
- Ephraim
ΚΡΑΤΑΙΩϹΙϹ
- KRATAIŌSIS
- strength
ΤΗϹ
- TĒS
- of-the
ΚΕΦΑΛΗϹ
- KEPHALĒS
- of-head
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me
ΙΟΥΔΑϹ
- IOUDAS
- Judah
ΒΑϹΙΛΕΥϹ
- BASILEUS
- king
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- of-me

59:10

(MT: 60:10)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:10 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:10 in the LXX.
ΜΩΑΒ
- MŌAB
- Moab
ΛΕΒΗϹ
- LEBĒS
- washbasin
ΤΗϹ
- TĒS
- of-the
ΕΛΠΙΔΟϹ
- ELPIDOS
- hope
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- my
ΕΠΙ
- EPI
- over
ΤΗΝ
- TĒN
- the
ΙΔΟΥΜΑΙΑΝ
- IDOUMAIAN
- Idumea
ΕΚΤΕΝΩ
- EKTENŌ
- I-will-stretch-out
ΤΟ
- TO
- the
ΥΠΟΔΗΜΑ
- YPODĒMA
- sandal
ΜΟΥ
- MOU
- my
ΕΜΟΙ
- EMOI
- to-me
ΑΛΛΟΦΥΛΟΙ
- ALLOPHYLOI
- foreigners
ΥΠΕΤΑΓΗϹΑΝ
- YPETAGĒSAN
- they-were-subjected

59:11

(MT: 60:11)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:11 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:11 in the LXX.
ΤΙϹ
- TIS
- who
ΑΠΑΞΕΙ
- APAXEI
- will-lead
ΜΕ
- ME
- me
ΕΙϹ
- EIS
- into
ΠΟΛΙΝ
- POLIN
- [a]-city
ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗϹ
- PERIOCHĒS
- of-fortress
()
- ()
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
Η;
- Ē;
- or
CA:
- CA:
- [editor name]
[DELETED]}
- [DELETED]}
- [deleted]
ΤΙϹ
- TIS
- who
ΟΔΗΓΗϹΕΙ
- ODĒGĒSEI
- will-guide
ΜΕ
- ME
- me
ΕΩϹ
- EŌS
- as-far-as
ΤΗϹ
- TĒS
- the
ΙΔΟΥΜΑΙΑϹ
- IDOUMAIAS
- Idumea

59:12

(MT: 60:12)

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:12 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:12 in the LXX.
ΟΥΧΙ
- OUCHI
- not
ϹΥ
- SY
- you
Ο
- O
- the
ΘϹ
- THS
- God
Ο
- O
- the
ΑΠΩϹΑΜΕΝΟϹ
- APŌSAMENOS
- having-rejected
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
(ΟΥΧΙ)
- (OUCHI)
- not
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
ΟΥΚ}
- OUK}
- not
ΕΞΕΛΕΥϹΗ
- EXELEUSĒ
- will-you-go-out
Ο
- O
- the
ΘϹ
- THS
- God
ΕΝ
- EN
- in
ΤΑΙϹ
- TAIS
- the
ΔΥΝΑΜΕϹΙΝ
- DYNAMESIN
- forces
ΗΜΩΝ
- ĒMŌN
- of-us

59:13

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:13 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:13 in the LXX.
ΔΟϹ
- DOS
- give
ΗΜΙΝ
- ĒMIN
- to-us
ΒΟΗΘΕΙΑΝ
- BOĒTHEIAN
- help
ΕΚ
- EK
- out-of
ΘΛΙΨΕΩϹ
- THLIPSEŌS
- tribulation
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΜΑΤΑΙΑ
- MATAIA
- vain
ϹΩΤΗΡΙΑ
- SŌTĒRIA
- salvation
ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΥ
- ANTHRŌPOU
- of-man

59:14

Note: The text traditionally found at 59:14 in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) numbering is located at 58:14 in the LXX.
ΕΝ
- EN
- in
(ΔΕ)
- (DE)
- but
{CA:
- {CA:
- [editor name]
[DELETED]}
- [DELETED]}
- [deleted]
ΤΩ
- TŌ
- to-the
ΘΩ
- THŌ
- to-God
ΠΟΙΗϹΟΜΕΝ
- POIĒSOMEN
- we-will-do
ΔΥΝΑΜΙΝ
- DYNAMIN
- power
ΚΑΙ
- KAI
- and
ΑΥΤΟϹ
- AUTOS
- he
ΕΞΟΥΔΕΝΩϹΕΙ
- EXOUDENŌSEI
- will-trample
ΤΟΥϹ
- TOUS
- the
ΘΛΙΒΟΝΤΑϹ
- THLIBONTAS
- oppressing
ΗΜΑϹ
- ĒMAS
- us

G1519, G1520

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5056

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G0236

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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: al-loy-oh-thee-SOH-meh-noys

Translations: to those who will be changed, for those who will be transformed, to those who are about to be changed

Notes: This word is a future passive participle derived from the verb 'alloióō', meaning 'to change' or 'to transform'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing someone or something that will undergo a change or transformation. The passive voice indicates that the subject will be acted upon, rather than performing the action themselves. The future tense indicates that this change is yet to occur. In this specific form, it refers to 'those who will be changed' or 'those who are about to be transformed'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Future, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΜΟΡΦΟΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΛΛΟΙΟΩ (alloióō) is derived from the Greek word ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. The suffix -οω indicates a verb of making or causing, thus 'to make other' or 'to change'.

G2089

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

G4746

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: stay-loh-grah-FEE-ahn

Translations: inscription, a written inscription, a pillar inscription, a memorial inscription, a psalm, a song

Notes: This word refers to an inscription, especially one written on a pillar or stele. It can also denote a memorial inscription or, in the context of the Septuagint, a particular type of psalm or song, often translated as 'Michtam' in English Bibles. It is a compound word derived from 'στήλη' (stēlē), meaning 'pillar' or 'monument', and 'γραφία' (graphia), meaning 'writing' or 'inscription'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΡΑΦΗ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

G1322

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-DA-kheen

Translations: teaching, a teaching, doctrine, instruction

Notes: This word refers to the act of teaching or the content of what is taught, often implying a body of doctrine or instruction. It can be used to describe the teachings of a person or a set of principles that are followed. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object receiving the action of a verb, such as 'they received the teaching' or 'he gave instruction'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΑΧΗ (didachē) comes from the verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach'. It refers to the act or result of teaching.

G3753

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oh-POH-teh

Translations: whenever, when, as often as

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or conjunction, indicating a temporal relationship. It means 'whenever' or 'as often as' and is used to introduce a clause that describes an action or event that occurs at any time or repeatedly. It emphasizes the indefinite or repeated nature of the action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the Greek adverb ΟΠΩΣ (hopos, 'how, in what way') and the particle ΤΕ (te, 'and, also'). It originally conveyed the sense of 'in whatever way' or 'at whatever time'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3189

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-so-po-ta-MEE-ahn

Translations: Mesopotamia

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mesopotamia, a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system. It is a compound word derived from 'μέσος' (middle) and 'ποταμός' (river), literally meaning 'between rivers'. It is used to denote the geographical area.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek Μεσοποταμία (Mesopotamia), a compound of μέσος (mesos, “middle”) and ποταμός (potamos, “river”), referring to the land 'between the rivers' Tigris and Euphrates.

G2532

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1994

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-es-TREP-sen

Translations: he returned, he turned back, he converted, he turned around

Notes: This word is the aorist (simple past) tense, third person singular form of the verb 'epistrephō'. It means 'he returned', 'he turned back', or 'he converted'. It describes an action of turning around, either physically to go back to a place, or metaphorically to change one's course of action, belief, or allegiance, often implying a turning to God or a change of heart.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G2499

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AB

Translations: Joab

Notes: Joab was a prominent figure in the Old Testament, serving as the commander of King David's army. He was known for his military prowess and loyalty to David, though he also committed controversial acts. The word refers specifically to this individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative. Proper nouns do not inflect for gender or number in the typical way common nouns do.

Etymology: The name Joab is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh is father' or 'Yahweh is a father'. It is a common name in ancient Israelite history.

G1427

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Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: DOH-deh-kah

Translations: twelve

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Greek numeral 'twelve' (δώδεκα). In ancient Greek manuscripts, letters were often used to represent numbers, and an overline (or 'overline' as described) was used to indicate this numerical value. The letter Iota (Ι) represents 10, and Beta (Β) represents 2, thus combining to form 12. It is used to denote the quantity of twelve.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a numeral abbreviation)

Etymology: The word δώδεκα (dodeka) comes from δύο (duo, 'two') and δέκα (deka, 'ten').

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2507

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-THAI-les

Translations: you pulled down, you threw down, you tore down, you destroyed, you overthrew

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb καθαιρέω (kathaireō), meaning 'to take down,' 'to pull down,' 'to tear down,' or 'to destroy.' It is often used in contexts of dismantling structures, overthrowing authorities, or bringing something to ruin. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down,' and αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.'

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G3627

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oyk-tei-REE-sas

Translations: having pitied, having had compassion, having shown mercy

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'oikteirō', meaning 'to pity' or 'to have compassion'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to explain the circumstances or cause of the main verb's action. It indicates someone who has performed the act of showing pity or mercy.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΕΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ (oikteirō) is derived from the noun ΟΙΚΤΟΣ (oiktos), meaning 'pity' or 'compassion'. It describes the act of feeling or showing pity.

G4920

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ES-ee-sas

Translations: you understood, you comprehended, you perceived, you gained understanding, you became intelligent

Notes: This word is a verb indicating the act of understanding, comprehending, or perceiving. It implies a process of putting things together mentally to grasp a concept or situation. It is often used in the context of gaining wisdom or insight.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (IEMI), meaning 'to send' or 'to put.' Thus, it literally means 'to put together' or 'to send together,' leading to the sense of 'to bring together in the mind,' hence 'to understand' or 'to comprehend.'

G1093

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G4789

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-ta-RAX-as

Translations: you troubled, you disturbed, you agitated, you stirred up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. It means to trouble, disturb, or agitate thoroughly or together. It is used to describe causing a great commotion or deep disturbance, often implying a collective or intense impact, such as shaking or unsettling something completely.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΑΛΕΥΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ is formed from the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ itself is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to stir' or 'to agitate'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3754

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1166

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEIK-sas

Translations: you showed, you pointed out, you displayed, you proved, you taught

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to show,' 'to point out,' 'to display,' or 'to prove.' It is used to describe an action completed in the past, indicating that someone (specifically 'you' singular) performed the act of revealing or demonstrating something. It can be used in various contexts, such as showing an object, pointing out a location, displaying a quality, or proving a point.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΕΠΙΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

G2992

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G2661

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-NYX-eh-ohs

Translations: of stupor, of deep sleep, of insensibility, of compunction, of remorse

Notes: This word refers to a state of spiritual stupor, insensibility, or deep sleep, often implying a lack of spiritual perception or responsiveness. In some contexts, it can also carry the meaning of a piercing grief, compunction, or remorse, a sharp pain of conscience. It is a compound word derived from 'κατά' (down) and 'νύσσω' (to prick or pierce).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΣ, ΝΑΡΚΗ, ΑΝΑΙΣΘΗΣΙΑ

G1325

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kas

Translations: you gave, you have given, you did give

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It is used to describe an action of giving that occurred in the past, often with a sense of completion. It can be used in various contexts where something is handed over, bestowed, or provided to someone else.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΣ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, characteristic of ancient Greek.

G5399

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Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foh-boo-MEH-noys

Translations: fearing, those who fear, to those who fear

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'phobeo', meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In this form, it describes individuals who are in a state of fearing or revering. It is often used to refer to 'those who fear' or 'the ones who are fearing', particularly in a context of reverential fear towards God.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΙΟΤΕΣ, ΤΡΕΜΟΝΤΕΣ

G3588, G3778

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0575

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4383

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G1283

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ap-SAL-ma

Translations: interlude, musical interlude, pause, a musical interlude, a pause

Notes: This word refers to a musical interlude or a pause, often found in the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament) in the Psalms. It indicates a break in the text, likely for musical accompaniment or a change in musical performance. It functions as a noun in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and ΨΑΛΜΑ (psalma), meaning 'psalm' or 'song.' It literally suggests something that occurs 'through' or 'between' a psalm or musical piece.

G0302

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Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G4506

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ry-STHOH-sin

Translations: they may be rescued, they may be delivered, they may be saved

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rescue,' 'to deliver,' or 'to save.' It is often used in a context of being freed from danger, evil, or a difficult situation. It implies an act of intervention to bring someone or something to safety.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ

Etymology: The word ῥύομαι (rhyomai) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to draw' or 'to drag,' evolving to mean 'to draw to oneself' and then 'to rescue' or 'to protect.'

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4982

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-son

Translations: save, deliver, make whole, preserve, heal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is often used in a plea or command, asking someone to provide salvation, rescue, or healing. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger or illness, or spiritual salvation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb of uncertain affinity. It is related to the concept of safety and soundness.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1188

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dex-ee-AH

Translations: right, right hand, a right hand, (of) the right hand, (to) the right hand

Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. As an adjective, it describes something as being on the right. As a noun, it refers to the right hand or the right side itself. It is often used metaphorically to denote a place of honor, power, or authority, as in 'sitting at the right hand of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Singular, Genitive, Feminine; Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (right). It is related to Latin dexter and English 'dexterous'.

G1874

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pah-KOO-son

Translations: hear, listen, give ear, answer, hearken

Notes: This word means to hear, listen, or give ear to something or someone. It often implies a responsive hearing, meaning to listen with the intent to answer or obey. It can be used in contexts where one is listening to a prayer or a request, and then responding to it. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, to, in addition) and 'akouo' (to hear).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπακούω (epakouō) is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. This combination suggests hearing in a particular way, often with an implication of responding or giving attention.

G1722

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0021

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-gal-lee-AH-so-mai

Translations: I will rejoice, I will exult, I will be overjoyed

Notes: This verb describes a state of intense, exuberant joy or exultation. It implies a deep inner gladness that often manifests outwardly, such as through expressions of delight or celebration. It is often used in contexts of spiritual or divine joy.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From ἀγαλλίασις (agalliasis), meaning 'exultation, joy', which comes from ἀγαλλιάω (agalliao).

G1699

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Possessive Pronoun

Sounds like: EH-mos

Translations: my, mine, a mine

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective or pronoun meaning 'my' or 'mine'. It indicates possession by the speaker. It functions similarly to the English 'my' when used as an adjective modifying a noun, or 'mine' when used as a pronoun standing in place of a noun. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies or refers to.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the first person singular personal pronoun 'ΕΓΩ' (ego), meaning 'I'. It is the possessive form derived from this pronoun.

G1052

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAL-ah-ahd

Translations: Gilead

Notes: Gilead is a geographical region in ancient Palestine, located east of the Jordan River. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a mountainous and fertile area, known for its balm and pastures. It was inhabited by various tribes of Israel.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Gilead is of Hebrew origin, from the word גִּלְעָד (Gil'ad), meaning 'heap of witness' or 'mound of testimony'. It is associated with the heap of stones set up by Jacob and Laban as a covenant witness.

G2181

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Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EF-ra-eem

Translations: Ephraim

Notes: Ephraim is a proper noun referring to a significant figure and tribe in the Old Testament. He was the second son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob (Israel). The tribe of Ephraim became one of the most prominent and influential of the twelve tribes of Israel, often representing the northern kingdom of Israel as a whole. It is used to refer to the individual, his descendants, or the territory they inhabited.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew אֶפְרַיִם (ʾEfrayim), meaning 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'.

G2905

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kra-tah-EE-oh-sis

Translations: strengthening, power, might, firmness, a strengthening, a power

Notes: This word refers to the act of strengthening or being made strong. It denotes an increase in power, might, or firmness. It can be used to describe the process of becoming more powerful or the state of being powerful.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΤΑΙΩΣΙΣ (krataiōsis) is derived from the verb ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΩ (krataioō), meaning 'to strengthen' or 'to make strong'. This verb, in turn, comes from the adjective ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ (krataios), meaning 'strong' or 'mighty'.

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0935

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G1909

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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1619

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ek-te-NOH

Translations: earnestly, fervently, intently, diligently, constantly

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'ektenes', meaning 'stretched out' or 'strenuous'. It describes an action performed with great intensity, earnestness, or persistence. It implies a sustained and focused effort, often used in contexts of prayer or love, indicating that the action is carried out with full commitment and without slackening.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'ektenos' (from which 'ekteno' is derived) comes from the Greek prefix 'ek' (out of, from) and 'teino' (to stretch, extend). Thus, it literally means 'stretched out' or 'extended', conveying the idea of an action performed with full extension or intensity.

G5266

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-DEE-ma

Translations: sandal, a sandal, shoe, a shoe

Notes: This word refers to a sandal or a shoe, a covering for the foot. In ancient contexts, sandals were commonly worn. The act of taking off a sandal could signify a legal transaction, a transfer of property, or entering sacred ground.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΝΔΑΛΙΟΝ, ΠΕΔΙΛΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and δέω (deo), meaning 'to bind'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is bound under' the foot.

G0245

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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ahl-LOH-foo-loy

Translations: foreigners, strangers, aliens, Philistines

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'allos' (other) and 'phylon' (tribe or race). It refers to people of another tribe, race, or nation, hence 'foreigners' or 'strangers'. In the context of the Old Testament, it often specifically refers to the Philistines, who were a foreign people to the Israelites. It is used to describe those who are not part of one's own people or group.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΙ, ΕΘΝΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos, “other”) and φυλή (phylē, “tribe, race”). It literally means 'of another tribe' or 'of another race'.

G5101

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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0520

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PAX-ay

Translations: he will lead away, he will carry away, he will take away, he will bring, he will lead, he will carry, he will take

Notes: This is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'απαγω' (apagō). It means 'he/she/it will lead away,' 'he/she/it will carry away,' or 'he/she/it will take away.' It can also mean simply 'to lead,' 'to carry,' or 'to take' in a future context, often implying movement from one place to another, or bringing someone/something to a specific location. The context usually clarifies the precise nuance of 'away' versus simply 'to'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΞΕΙ, ΦΕΡΕΙ

G4172

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3588, G3739, G2228

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3594

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-dee-GAY-see

Translations: he will lead, she will lead, it will lead, he will guide, she will guide, it will guide, he will show the way, she will show the way, it will show the way

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead,' 'to guide,' or 'to show the way.' It is used to describe someone or something providing direction or guidance to another, often in a metaphorical sense, such as guiding someone in their actions or teaching them a path. It is a compound word formed from 'ὁδός' (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road,' and 'ἡγέομαι' (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide.'

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΟΔΗΓΕΩ

G2193

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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3780

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Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-khee

Translations: no, not, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative particle, used to express an emphatic 'no' or 'not'. It is often used when the speaker expects a negative answer or wants to strongly deny something. It can stand alone as an answer or be used to negate a verb or a phrase, emphasizing the denial more strongly than a simple 'οὐ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle χί (chi), which adds emphasis. It is a strengthened form of the simple negative particle οὐ.

G0683

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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ap-oh-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having thrust away, having cast off, having rejected, having put away, having repudiated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apotheo', meaning to thrust away or reject. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, indicating that they have decisively pushed something or someone away. It is often used to convey a sense of rejection, repudiation, or casting off.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπωθέω (apotheo) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὠθέω (otheo), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. Thus, it literally means 'to push away from'.

G3756

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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1411

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-sin

Translations: (to) powers, (to) mighty works, (to) forces, (to) abilities, (to) miracles

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength. It can also denote a miraculous power or a mighty work performed by such power. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, meaning 'to/for powers' or 'by/with powers'. It is often used in contexts referring to spiritual or divine power, or to supernatural acts.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

G1325

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doss

Translations: give

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G1537

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Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G2347

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THLIP-seh-ohss

Translations: (of) tribulation, (of) affliction, (of) distress, (of) trouble, (of) pressure, a tribulation, an affliction, a distress, a trouble, a pressure

Notes: This word refers to a state of pressure, distress, or suffering. It denotes a crushing or pressing together, which can be literal or figurative, leading to hardship or trouble. It is often used in the context of difficulties, persecutions, or severe trials faced by individuals or communities.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΙΕΣΙΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ

G4991

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soh-tee-REE-ah

Translations: salvation, a salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety

Notes: This word refers to the act of saving or being saved from danger, destruction, or sin. In a theological context, it often refers to spiritual deliverance from sin and its consequences, leading to eternal life. It can also refer to physical rescue or preservation from harm.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb σώζω (sōzō, "to save, deliver, preserve"), related to σωτήρ (sōtēr, "savior").

G1161

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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0846

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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G1848

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Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-oo-deh-NO-see

Translations: he will make of no account, he will despise, he will set at naught, he will treat with contempt, he will nullify

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΞ' (out of, from), 'ΟΥΔΕΝ' (nothing), and 'ΟΩ' (to make). It means to make something into nothing, to treat as nothing, or to despise. It describes the act of rendering something worthless, insignificant, or contemptible. In this form, it is the third person singular future active indicative, indicating an action that will be performed by a single subject in the future.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

G3588

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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

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