2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Interjection, Exclamation

Sounds like: al-lay-LOO-yah

Translations: Hallelujah, Praise the Lord, Praise Yah

Notes: This word is an exclamation of praise or adoration, meaning 'Praise Yah' or 'Praise the Lord'. It is used to express joy, triumph, or worship, often appearing at the beginning or end of a hymn or prayer. It is a direct transliteration from Hebrew and is used universally in religious contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΙΝΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ, ΕΥΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: ΑΛΛΗΛΟΥΙΑ is a transliteration of the Hebrew phrase הַלְלוּיָהּ (halaluyah), meaning 'Praise ye Yah', where 'halal' means 'to praise' and 'Yah' is a shortened form of Yahweh (the Lord).

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G5543

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHRAY-stos

Translations: good, kind, useful, easy, gentle, a good one, a kind one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as good, kind, useful, or gentle. It can refer to a person's character, indicating they are benevolent or gracious. It can also describe things as being useful, beneficial, or easy to bear. For example, a yoke might be described as 'easy' (χρηστός) if it is not burdensome.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'. It originally meant 'useful' or 'serviceable', and later developed the sense of 'good' or 'kind' in a moral or benevolent sense.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, pity, compassion, a mercy

Notes: This word refers to mercy, pity, or compassion, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by one who has the power to help to one who is in need. It signifies an active demonstration of compassion, not just a feeling. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΕΛΕΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be an ancient word with no clear connection to other Greek roots. It has been used since Homeric times.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1414

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-nas-TEE-as

Translations: of power, of might, of dominion, of a dynasty

Notes: This word refers to power, might, or dominion, often implying a position of authority or a ruling force. It can also refer to a dynasty or a line of rulers. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΙΑ (dynasteia) comes from the Greek word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ (dynastēs), meaning 'lord, ruler, master', which itself is derived from ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0136

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-NEH-sis

Translations: praise, commendation, approval, a praise

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'praise' or 'commendation'. It refers to the act of expressing approval, admiration, or worship. It can be used in various contexts, from human praise to divine worship, and often implies a positive judgment or recognition of worth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ, ΥΜΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΝΕΣΙΣ (ainesis) is derived from the verb ΑΙΝΕΩ (aineo), meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. It signifies the act or result of praising.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-LAS-son-tes

Translations: keeping, guarding, observing, watching, preserving, a keeper, a guard

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'keeping' or 'guarding'. It describes an ongoing action of protecting, watching over, or adhering to something. It can be used to describe someone who is actively engaged in the act of guarding or observing, or someone who is preserving a custom or law. It often functions adjectivally, describing the subject performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OON-tes

Translations: doing, making, performing, practicing, those who do, those who make

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are making' something, often implying a continuous or habitual action.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dih-kah-yoh-SOO-neen

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being righteous or just. It describes a state of moral uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in the context of God's character or the standard of conduct expected of believers.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΑΓΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) is derived from the adjective δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It is formed by adding the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which denotes a state, condition, or quality.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mnays-THEE-tee

Translations: remember, be mindful of, recall

Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'remember!' or 'be mindful of!'. It is a command or an entreaty to recall something to mind or to keep something in memory. It is often used in prayers or direct addresses, urging someone to not forget a person, an event, or a covenant.

Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΜΝΗΜΑΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the root μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is related to the concept of memory and recollection.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G2107

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-doh-KEE-ah

Translations: good pleasure, goodwill, favor, delight, desire, a good pleasure, a goodwill, a favor, a delight, a desire

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'good pleasure,' 'goodwill,' 'favor,' or 'delight.' It often refers to God's benevolent disposition or His gracious will. It can describe a state of being pleased with someone or something, or a favorable inclination towards a person or action. In theological contexts, it frequently denotes God's sovereign and benevolent purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ, ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΔΟΚΙΑ (eudokia) is derived from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and the noun δόξα (doxa), meaning 'opinion,' 'judgment,' or 'glory.' Thus, it literally means 'good opinion' or 'good judgment,' evolving to signify 'goodwill' or 'pleasure.'

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to know, to behold, to look

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It describes the action of seeing or perceiving something, often with the implication of understanding or experiencing it. It can be used in various contexts to express visual perception, mental apprehension, or even the act of experiencing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a very common and fundamental verb in Koine Greek, with various forms and derivatives used throughout the New Testament and other ancient texts.

G5544

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-sto-TEE-tee

Translations: (to) goodness, (to) kindness, (to) uprightness, (to) a goodness, (to) a kindness, (to) an uprightness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being good, kind, or benevolent. It describes a disposition or character that is gentle, mild, and beneficial. It is often used to describe God's kindness and graciousness towards humanity. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or instrument of an action related to goodness or kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΕΥΝΟΙΑ

G1588

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ek-lek-TON

Translations: of the chosen, of the elect, of the select, of the chosen ones, of the elect ones

Notes: This word refers to those who have been chosen or selected, often with a connotation of being specially favored or set apart. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive noun referring to 'the chosen ones' or 'the elect'. In a religious context, it frequently refers to those chosen by God for a specific purpose or for salvation.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΟΓΗ, ΕΠΙΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ

G2165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-fran-THEE-nai

Translations: to be glad, to rejoice, to be merry, to make merry

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'euphraino'. It describes the action of being made glad or rejoicing. It is often used to express a state of happiness or merriment, particularly in a context of feasting or celebration. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often appearing after prepositions or other verbs, indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ (euphrainō) is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the root ΦΡΗΝ (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'heart'. Thus, it literally means 'to be well-minded' or 'to be in good spirits'.

G2167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-fro-SOO-nay

Translations: joy, gladness, mirth, cheerfulness, a joy, a gladness

Notes: This word refers to a state of joy, gladness, or cheerfulness. It describes an inner feeling of delight and well-being, often associated with celebration or good news. It is used to express a general sense of happiness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΑ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'euphron' (εὔφρων), meaning 'well-minded' or 'cheerful', which combines 'eu' (εὖ, 'good, well') and 'phren' (φρήν, 'mind, heart'). It denotes a state of having a good or cheerful mind.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2817

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: klay-roh-noh-MEE-ah

Translations: inheritance, a inheritance, heritage, a heritage, possession, a possession

Notes: This word refers to an inheritance, heritage, or possession. It denotes something received by lot or by succession, often property or a legacy passed down from an ancestor or predecessor. It can also refer to the portion or share one receives.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΚΤΗΣΙΣ, ΠΕΡΙΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ (klēronomia) is derived from the Greek word κληρονόμος (klēronomos), meaning 'heir', which itself comes from κλῆρος (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'portion', and νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to possess'. Thus, it literally refers to a portion distributed or possessed by lot or inheritance.

G0264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-MAR-toh-men

Translations: we sinned, we have sinned

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to sin' or 'to miss the mark'. It refers to an action of failing to meet a standard or deviating from a path, often with moral or religious implications. The form 'ΗΜΑΡΤΟΜΕΝ' specifically means 'we sinned' or 'we have sinned', indicating a past action completed by a group of people.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἁμαρτάνω (hamartanō) comes from a privative prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not') and a root related to 'μέρος' (meros), meaning 'part' or 'share', implying 'not having a share' or 'missing the mark'.

G0458

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-noh-MAY-sah-men

Translations: we committed lawless acts, we acted lawlessly, we sinned, we transgressed

Notes: This word describes the act of committing lawless deeds or transgressing divine or moral law. It implies a departure from what is considered right or lawful, often in a religious or ethical sense. It is used to express the idea of sinning or acting contrary to established norms.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΟΜΕΩ (anomeō) is derived from the Greek word ΑΝΟΜΟΣ (anomos), meaning 'lawless', which itself comes from the prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'νομος' (nomos, meaning 'law'). Thus, it literally means 'to be without law' or 'to act without law'.

G91

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-dee-KAY-sah-men

Translations: we wronged, we did wrong, we injured, we committed injustice

Notes: This is a verb form derived from the root verb 'adikeō', which means to do wrong, to injure, to harm, or to commit injustice. The form 'ēdikēsamen' specifically indicates an action that was completed in the past by 'we' (first person plural). It describes an act of wrongdoing or injustice that the speaker and their group performed.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'adikeō' comes from the Greek word 'adikos' (ἄδικος), meaning 'unjust', which is formed from 'a-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'dikē' (δίκη), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'not just' or 'unjust'.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAH-teh-res

Translations: fathers, parents, ancestors

Notes: This word refers to male parents, or more broadly, to ancestors or forefathers. It can also be used in a spiritual sense to refer to spiritual leaders or founders. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or direct address.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΙ, ΓΟΝΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΤΗΡ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'father'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G0125

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ahee-GYP-toh

Translations: (to) Egypt, (in) Egypt

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the country of Egypt, a significant land in ancient history and biblical narratives. It is often used to denote the geographical location where many events in the Old Testament and some in the New Testament took place. In this dative form, it indicates motion towards or location within Egypt.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'Αἴγυπτος' (Aigyptos) is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from an Egyptian name for the city of Memphis, 'Hwt-ka-Ptah' (meaning 'Mansion of the Soul of Ptah'). It was adopted into Greek and became the common name for the country.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4920

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EE-kahn

Translations: understood, comprehended, perceived, discerned

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to understand, comprehend, or perceive, often implying a deep or complete understanding. It is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (to send, to set in motion), literally meaning 'to send together' or 'to bring together in the mind'. It is used to describe the act of grasping the meaning or significance of something, whether it be words, events, or concepts.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G3893

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-pi-KRA-nan

Translations: they provoked, they embittered, they angered, they exasperated

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'para' (beside, against) and 'pikraino' (to make bitter). It describes the act of provoking someone to bitterness, anger, or exasperation, often implying a persistent or repeated action that goes against someone's will or patience. It is used to convey a strong sense of causing offense or rebellion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΓΙΖΩ

G3863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-pi-KRAH-nan

Translations: they provoked to bitterness, they embittered, they rebelled, they made bitter

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside, by, beyond') and the verb πικραίνω (pikrainō, meaning 'to make bitter'). It describes the action of causing someone to become bitter, angry, or rebellious, often through repeated or intense provocation. It implies a deep-seated resentment or opposition that has been brought about by external actions. It is used to describe a past action completed in a specific moment.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-BIGH-non-tes

Translations: going up, ascending, climbing, rising, coming up

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'anabaino', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or happening at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the ones going up'), or adverbially, describing how an action is performed (e.g., 'while going up').

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ANERCHOMAI, ANERCHOMAI

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-say

Translations: sea, a sea, (to) the sea, (in) the sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as the ocean or a large lake. In its dative form, as seen here, it often indicates location ('in the sea') or direction/recipient ('to the sea'). It is commonly used in ancient texts to describe literal bodies of water, but can also be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of Greek speakers. Its precise etymological roots are uncertain, but it is thought to be related to other words describing the sea or watery environments.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-oh-sen

Translations: he saved, she saved, it saved, he delivered, she delivered, it delivered, he preserved, she preserved, it preserved, he healed, she healed, it healed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), meaning 'to save,' 'to deliver,' 'to preserve,' or 'to heal.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the act of saving or delivering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EN-eh-ken

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of, (of) for, (of) by reason of

Notes: ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an improper preposition that typically takes the genitive case, meaning 'because of' or 'on account of'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It is used to express the cause or reason behind an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect; takes the genitive case when used as a preposition.

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an ancient Greek word, likely formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and a form related to 'heka' (on account of). It has been in use since classical Greek and continued into Koine Greek.

G1107

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gno-REE-sai

Translations: to make known, to know, to understand, to learn, to perceive, to reveal, to declare, to recognize

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γνωρίζω' (gnōrizō). It means 'to make known,' 'to reveal,' or 'to cause to know.' It is used to express the action of bringing something into knowledge or understanding, often in the sense of declaring or disclosing information. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He came to make known the truth.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1413

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-nas-TEE-an

Translations: dominion, a dominion, power, a power, might, a might

Notes: This word refers to power, dominion, or might, often implying a position of authority or a powerful ruler. It can also refer to a specific powerful entity or a realm of power. It is used to describe the exercise of authority or the state of having great influence.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΙΑ (dynastia) comes from the Greek word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ (dynastēs), meaning 'lord, ruler, master', which in turn is derived from ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to be powerful'.

G2008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TEE-may-sen

Translations: he rebuked, she rebuked, it rebuked, he warned, she warned, it warned, he admonished, she admonished, it admonished

Notes: This word describes the act of rebuking, warning, or admonishing someone. It implies a strong disapproval or a command to cease an action, often with authority. It is frequently used in the context of Jesus rebuking demons or people, or disciples being warned.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ (epitimao) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and τιμάω (timao), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. The combination suggests 'to put a value upon' or 'to assess', which then developed the sense of 'to censure' or 'to rebuke' by assigning a negative value or judgment.

G3583

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-RAN-thay

Translations: it was dried up, it withered, it became dry

Notes: This word describes something that has become dry, withered, or parched. It is often used in contexts where plants or parts of plants dry up and die, or where water sources become depleted. It implies a state of having lost moisture and vitality.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΞΗΡΑΙΝΩ, ΜΑΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΞΗΡΑΙΝΩ (xērainō) is derived from the adjective ξηρός (xēros), meaning 'dry' or 'withered'.

G3594

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-dee-GAY-sen

Translations: he led, he guided, he conducted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It describes the action of showing the way or directing someone or something. It is used in the past tense, indicating that the action of leading or guiding has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΑΘΟΔΗΓΕΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word Ὁδηγέω (hodēgeō) is a compound word derived from Ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road', and ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead on a way' or 'to guide along a road'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G2049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-reh-MOH

Translations: to make desolate, to lay waste, to destroy, to devastate, to leave desolate

Notes: This verb means to make something desolate, to lay it waste, or to destroy it. It describes the act of causing a place or thing to become empty, deserted, or ruined. It can be used to describe the destruction of cities, lands, or even the desolation of a person's life or spirit.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, desert'. The verb form means to make something desolate.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ross

Translations: of hand, of a hand, of the hand, of power, of authority, of control

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In Koine Greek, 'hand' can refer not only to the physical limb but also metaphorically to power, authority, control, or agency. When used in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the agent by which something is done, thus translating to 'of hand' or 'by the hand of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'χείρ' (cheir) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, meaning 'hand'. It is related to words for hand in other Indo-European languages.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tos

Translations: hating, of one hating, of him hating, of those hating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'miseō', meaning 'to hate'. It describes an ongoing action of hating. As a genitive participle, it functions like a noun or adjective in the genitive case, often translated as 'of one who hates' or 'of him/them hating'. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning the act of hating.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΕΧΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G5277

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LEEF-thay

Translations: was left, was remaining, was spared

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, indicative, passive form of the verb 'ὑπολείπω' (hypoleipō). It means 'to be left behind,' 'to remain,' or 'to be spared.' It describes a situation where something or someone is left over after others have gone, been removed, or perished. For example, if a group of people were in danger and only a few survived, this word would describe those who were left.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-san

Translations: they believed, they trusted, they put their faith in

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action of believing or entrusting that occurred in the past, typically a completed action. It is often used to express faith in a person or a divine being, or to indicate reliance on something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΝ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G0134

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-neh-san

Translations: they praised, they commended, they approved, they extolled

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΑΙΝΕΩ' (AINEŌ). It means 'they praised' or 'they commended'. It describes an action of expressing approval, admiration, or commendation towards someone or something, completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΙΝΕΩ, ΥΜΝΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Etymology: From 'ΑΙΝΟΣ' (AINOS), meaning 'praise, story, fable'. The verb 'ΑΙΝΕΩ' means 'to praise' or 'to tell a story'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-layn

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-thy-MEE-sahn

Translations: they desired, they longed, they coveted, they lusted after

Notes: This word describes a strong desire or longing for something. It can be used in a positive sense, such as longing for something good, or in a negative sense, such as coveting or lusting after something forbidden. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'for', and ΘΥΜΟΣ (THYMOS), meaning 'passion' or 'desire'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-RAH-san

Translations: they tempted, they tried, they tested, they put to the proof, they enticed

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πειράζω' (peirazō). It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, meaning they attempted to test, try, or tempt someone or something. It can carry both positive connotations (to test for authenticity) and negative connotations (to tempt to sin or to put to a severe trial).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑ

G0496

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-YOO-droh

Translations: dry, waterless, without water

Notes: This word describes something that is without water, dry, or arid. It is often used to describe places or regions that lack water, such as deserts or barren lands. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ΑΝ-' (an-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ΥΔΩΡ' (hydor, meaning 'water').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΗΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ is derived from the ancient Greek prefix 'ΑΝ-' (an-), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'ΥΔΩΡ' (hydor), meaning 'water'. It describes a state of being devoid of water.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G3949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-OR-ghee-san

Translations: they provoked to anger, they angered, they exasperated

Notes: This word describes the action of provoking someone to anger, causing them to become greatly displeased or exasperated. It is often used in contexts where actions or behaviors lead to divine or human wrath. It is a compound word formed from παρά (para, 'beside, by') and ὀργίζω (orgizō, 'to make angry').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and ὀργίζω (orgízō, 'to make angry'). The prefix παρά intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a strong or complete provocation to anger.

G3925

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-em-bo-LEE

Translations: camp, an army, a barracks, a fortress, a castle, a camp of Israel, a military camp

Notes: This word refers to a military camp, an encampment, or an army itself. It can also denote a barracks, a fortress, or a castle, particularly in the context of a fortified place where soldiers reside. In the New Testament, it is often used to refer to the Roman barracks in Jerusalem or the camp of Israel in the wilderness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἐμβολή' (embolē), meaning 'an insertion' or 'a thrusting in'. Together, it refers to a place where something is thrown or placed alongside, hence an encampment or camp.

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-a-rohn

Translations: Aaron

Notes: This is the name of Aaron, the elder brother of Moses and the first high priest of Israel. He is a significant figure in the Old Testament, known for his role in the Exodus and the establishment of the Levitical priesthood. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this individual.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The name Aaron is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Aharon (אַהֲרֹן). Its precise etymology is debated, but it is often associated with meanings like 'mountain of strength' or 'enlightened'.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-NOOKH-thay

Translations: was opened, it was opened, was disclosed, it was disclosed

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'ΑΝΟΙΓΩ' (anoigō), meaning 'to open'. In this form, it describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of opening. For example, 'the door was opened' or 'the eyes were opened'. It can refer to physical opening or metaphorical disclosure.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΓΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4864

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-nah-go-GAYN

Translations: synagogue, a synagogue, assembly, an assembly, gathering, a gathering, congregation, a congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often for religious purposes. It can also denote the place where such a gathering occurs, specifically a synagogue. It is used to describe both the act of assembling and the assembled group or building.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΑΞΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb συνάγω (synagō), meaning 'to bring together' or 'to assemble', which is itself formed from σύν (syn, 'with' or 'together') and ἄγω (agō, 'to lead' or 'to bring').

G1572

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-eh-KOW-thay

Translations: was burned, was kindled, was inflamed, was set on fire, was consumed, was burned up

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist passive indicative form. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of burning or being set on fire. It can refer to physical burning, but also to emotions like anger or passion being kindled or inflamed. For example, 'his anger was kindled' or 'his heart was inflamed'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ

G4864

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ah-go-GAY

Translations: assembly, a gathering, congregation, synagogue, a synagogue

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often for religious purposes. It can also specifically denote a synagogue, which was a place of assembly for Jewish worship and instruction. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb 'συνάγω' (synago), meaning 'to bring together' or 'to assemble'. This verb is formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G2618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-FLEK-sen

Translations: burned up, consumed by fire, burned down

Notes: This word describes the action of completely burning something, often implying destruction or consumption by fire. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb 'φλέγω' (phlegō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to blaze'. It is used to indicate a thorough and destructive burning.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΠΡΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ

G5483

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kho-RAYB

Translations: Horeb, to Horeb

Notes: Horeb is a proper noun referring to a mountain, also known as Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments from God. It is often used in the context of the Israelites' journey through the wilderness and their covenant with God. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'ἐν' (in/at) and is in the dative case, indicating location.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Horeb is of Hebrew origin (חֹרֵב, Chorev), meaning 'desert' or 'desolate'. It is often identified with Mount Sinai in the Bible.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-koo-NEE-san

Translations: they worshiped, they bowed down, they prostrated themselves, they did obeisance

Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or adoration, typically by prostrating oneself or bowing down. It implies an act of worship or homage, often directed towards God, a deity, or a person of high authority. It is frequently used with the dative case to indicate the object of worship or reverence.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προσκυνέω is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'before', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. The original sense was to kiss the ground when prostrating oneself before a superior, or to kiss the hand of a superior.

G1193

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GLOOP-toh

Translations: to carve, to engrave, to sculpt, to chisel

Notes: This verb means to carve, engrave, or sculpt, typically referring to the act of shaping material like stone or wood into an image or object. It implies the use of tools to cut or chisel. It can be used in contexts related to creating idols or artistic works.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΠΤΩ, ΤΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΛΥΠΤΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gleubh-, meaning 'to cut, to cleave, to split'. It is related to words signifying carving or hollowing out.

G2068

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-THON-tos

Translations: (of) eating, (of) having eaten, (of) consuming

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the verb 'esthio', which means 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It functions as a participle, describing someone or something that is in the process of eating or has eaten. It can be translated as 'of eating' or 'of having eaten', indicating possession or relation to the act of eating.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΑΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΟΝΤΟΣ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-ay-SAN-tos

Translations: of having made, of having done, of having produced, of having created

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes the one who has performed an action, often translated as 'of the one who made' or 'of him who did'. It indicates a completed action by a specific agent, functioning like an adjective modifying a noun in the genitive case, or as a substantive noun itself.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΟΣ

G2298

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: thav-mas-TAH

Translations: wonderful, marvelous, amazing, wonderful things, marvelous things, amazing things

Notes: This word describes something that is wonderful, marvelous, or amazing, something that causes wonder or astonishment. It is often used to describe God's works or deeds, emphasizing their extraordinary and awe-inspiring nature. It can be used to describe events, actions, or qualities that are beyond ordinary expectation.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΙΟΣ

G5492

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHAHM

Translations: Ham

Notes: This word refers to Ham, one of the three sons of Noah, as mentioned in the Old Testament. It is a proper noun and does not inflect in this form. The apostrophe at the end (keraia) indicates that this is an abbreviation or a numeral, but in this context, it most likely represents the proper noun 'Ham' and is a common abbreviation in ancient manuscripts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Ham' is of Hebrew origin (H2526, חָם). Its meaning is uncertain but is often associated with 'hot' or 'burnt'.

G5402

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fo-BEH-ra

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, formidable, awful, a terrible thing, a dreadful thing

Notes: This word describes something that inspires fear, awe, or dread. It can refer to things that are terrible or formidable, often in a way that commands respect or causes apprehension. It is used to describe situations, events, or even beings that evoke a strong sense of fear or reverence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΝΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΣ

G2064

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-roo-THRAS

Translations: red, a red

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'red'. It is used to describe something that has the color red. In Koine Greek, adjectives agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. This particular form is the masculine or feminine singular genitive, or the masculine or feminine plural accusative.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word 'ἐρυθρός' (erythros) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'red'. It is related to words for red in many other Indo-European languages.

G1842

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ol-eth-REH-oo-sai

Translations: to utterly destroy, to exterminate, to root out, to cut off, to wipe out

Notes: This word means to completely destroy, exterminate, or utterly wipe out something or someone. It implies a thorough and decisive act of destruction, often with the connotation of removing something entirely from existence or from a community. It can be used in various contexts, from physical destruction to the removal of a person from a group.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive or Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξολεθρεύω (exolethreuo) is a compound verb formed from ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ὀλεθρεύω (olethreuo), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to ruin'. The root ὄλεθρος (olethros) means 'ruin' or 'destruction'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1588

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-LEK-tos

Translations: chosen, elect, choice, excellent, precious

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been selected or picked out, often implying a special status or quality. It is frequently used in a theological context to refer to those chosen by God. It can also describe something as being of superior quality or value.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΟΓΗ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ἐκλέγω (eklegō), meaning 'to pick out, choose'. It combines the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to gather, say'.

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, in front of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or an improper preposition, meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It is used to indicate a position directly in front of someone or something, or to denote being under the observation or authority of someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in') and 'ὤψ' (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'countenance'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G1937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-may-TEN

Translations: desirable, longed for, pleasant, lovely, a desirable thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'desirable' or 'longed for'. It describes something that is highly wished for or pleasing. The form ΕΠΙΘΥΜΗΤ‾Η‾ is a scribal abbreviation for ΕΠΙΘΥΜΗΤΗΝ, which is the feminine singular accusative form of the adjective. It would be used to modify a feminine noun in the accusative case, indicating that the noun is the object of desire or longing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΘΗΤΟΣ, ΑΙΡΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ (EPITHYMEŌ), meaning 'to long for, desire', which is itself from ΕΠΙ (EPI, 'upon, toward') and ΘΥΜΟΣ (THYMOS, 'passion, desire').

G4638

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: skay-NOH-mah-sin

Translations: to tents, to tabernacles, to dwellings, tents, tabernacles, dwellings

Notes: This word refers to a tent, a tabernacle, or a dwelling place, often implying a temporary or portable structure. It can be used to describe physical shelters or, metaphorically, a temporary abode or body. In a sentence, it would indicate the location or recipient of an action, such as 'they went to the tents' or 'he lived in dwellings'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΗΝΗ, ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΗΝΩΜΑ (skēnōma) is derived from the verb σκηνόω (skēnoō), meaning 'to pitch a tent, to dwell', which itself comes from σκηνή (skēnē), meaning 'tent, booth'. It refers to a dwelling or tabernacle, emphasizing its temporary nature.

G1522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-ay-KOO-san

Translations: they heard, they listened, they heeded, they answered, they granted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. It signifies hearing with attention, listening to, heeding, or even answering/granting a request, especially in a divine context (God hearing and answering prayers). It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ is derived from the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis, 'into, to') and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō, 'to hear'). The prefix indicates direction or purpose in hearing.

G1869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-EE-ren

Translations: he lifted up, she lifted up, it lifted up, he raised, she raised, it raised, he took up, she took up, it took up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, over) and the verb 'ΑΙΡΩ' (to lift, take up). It means 'to lift up', 'to raise', or 'to take up'. It is often used in contexts where someone raises their voice, their hand, or something else. It can also imply taking something up or away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΓΑΓΕΝ, ΥΨΩΣΕΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2598

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-bah-LEIN

Translations: to throw down, to cast down, to lay down, to overthrow, to defeat, to found

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'kataballō'. It is a compound word formed from 'kata' (down, against) and 'ballō' (to throw). It generally means to throw something downwards, to cast down, or to lay a foundation. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to overthrow, defeat, or destroy someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

G4690

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPER-mah

Translations: seed, a seed, offspring, descendants, children, posterity

Notes: This word refers to 'seed' in a literal sense, like the seed from which a plant grows. It is also commonly used metaphorically to mean 'offspring' or 'descendants', referring to a lineage or posterity. It can be used in contexts like 'the seed of Abraham' to mean Abraham's descendants.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'σπέρμα' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sper- meaning 'to strew, sow'. It is related to the verb 'σπείρω' (speirō), meaning 'to sow'.

G1287

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-as-kor-PI-sai

Translations: to scatter, to disperse, to squander, to waste

Notes: This word means to scatter, disperse, or spread abroad, often implying a forceful or complete separation of things that were together. It can also be used in the sense of squandering or wasting resources. It describes an action of breaking up a group or collection and sending its parts in different directions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ, ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ (skorpizo), meaning 'to scatter'.

G0907

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-el-feh-GOR

Translations: Baal-Peor, Beelphegor

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Baal-Peor, a Moabite and Midianite deity associated with licentiousness and idolatry. The name is a compound of 'Baal' (lord) and 'Peor' (a mountain in Moab). It is used in the Old Testament to refer to the idol worshipped by the Israelites in the wilderness, leading to divine judgment. It is typically used in contexts describing idolatry or apostasy.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, derived from Ba'al (lord) and Pe'or (a mountain in Moab). It refers to the specific manifestation of the god Baal worshipped at Mount Peor.

G5315

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHA-gon

Translations: ate, did eat, have eaten

Notes: ΕΦΑΓΟΝ is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to eat'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'they ate' or 'they did eat'. This form is commonly used to narrate past events without emphasizing the duration or repetition of the action.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The root ΦΑΓ (PHAG) is a common aorist stem for verbs related to eating, derived from an older Proto-Indo-European root. It is often used in conjunction with other prefixes to form compound verbs.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G4431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PTOH-sis

Translations: fall, a fall, downfall, a downfall, ruin, a ruin, failure, a failure

Notes: This word refers to a literal act of falling, such as a physical collapse or descent. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a downfall, ruin, or failure, indicating a state of decline or destruction. It is used to describe an event or a state of being.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΠΤΩΣΙΣ (ptōsis) is derived from the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes the action or result of falling.

G1848

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ei-LA-sa-to

Translations: he rescued, he delivered, he drew out, he plucked out, he pulled out, he saved

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to rescue, deliver, or draw out. It implies an action of pulling something or someone out of a difficult or dangerous situation, often with the connotation of saving or liberating. It can be used to describe physical extraction or spiritual deliverance.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΙΛΑΩ (exeilaō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb εἱλέω (heileō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to drag'.

G2869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KO-pa-sen

Translations: ceased, stopped, subsided, calmed down, abated

Notes: This word describes the action of something ceasing, stopping, or subsiding, often referring to natural phenomena like winds, storms, or waves. It implies a calming or abating of intensity. For example, a storm might 'cease' or 'subside'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΥΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word κόπος (kopos), meaning 'toil' or 'weariness', implying a cessation from effort or activity.

G2356

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THRAV-sees

Translations: breaking, a breaking, destruction, a destruction, shattering, a shattering, defeat, a defeat, fracture, a fracture

Notes: This word refers to the act of breaking, shattering, or crushing something. It can also denote the resulting state of being broken, such as a fracture, or a significant defeat in battle or a great loss. It is used to describe physical breakage as well as more abstract concepts like the breaking of a people or an army.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΡΙΜΜΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θραύω (thrauo), meaning 'to break, shatter, crush'. It describes the action or result of this verb.

G3049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-loh-GISS-thay

Translations: he was reckoned, it was reckoned, he was accounted, it was accounted, he was imputed, it was imputed, he was considered, it was considered

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai). It means 'to reckon,' 'to account,' 'to impute,' or 'to consider.' In the passive voice, it indicates that the subject was the recipient of this action, i.e., 'he/it was reckoned' or 'he/it was accounted.' It is often used in theological contexts to describe how righteousness or sin is attributed to someone.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΗΓΗΘΗ, ΝΟΜΙΣΘΗ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΓΙΣΘΗ

Etymology: The verb λογίζομαι (logizomai) is derived from λόγος (logos), meaning 'word,' 'reason,' or 'account.' It originally meant 'to count' or 'to calculate,' and later developed the broader sense of 'to reckon' or 'to consider' based on reason or an account.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. In a biblical context, it often denotes conformity to God's standards, both in character and action. It can also refer to the act of rendering justice or the state of being declared righteous. The overline on the final 'H' indicates that this is a scribal abbreviation for the full word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ

Etymology: From ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios, 'just, righteous') and the suffix -ΣΥΝΗ (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating the state or quality of being just or righteous.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G0485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-loh-GEE-as

Translations: of contradiction, of dispute, of opposition, of rebellion

Notes: This word refers to a contradiction, a dispute, or an act of opposition or rebellion. It describes a situation where there is a speaking against or a verbal conflict. It can also imply a state of disobedience or resistance to authority. It is a compound word formed from 'anti' (against) and 'logos' (word, speech).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΝΤΙΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and the noun λόγος (logos), meaning 'word', 'speech', or 'reason'. Thus, it literally means 'a speaking against' or 'a word against'.

G2559

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ka-KO-thay

Translations: he was ill-treated, he was afflicted, he was harmed, he was oppressed, he was mistreated, he was distressed

Notes: This word describes someone being subjected to harm, ill-treatment, or affliction. It is used to convey the idea of suffering or being oppressed by others. It is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'kakoo', meaning 'to harm' or 'to treat badly'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΠΑΘΩ

Etymology: From KAKΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. The verb ΚΑΚΟΩ means to make bad, to harm, or to afflict.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G3396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEE-gay-sahn

Translations: they mixed, they mingled, they united

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'mignymi'. It describes an action of mixing, mingling, or uniting that occurred in the past. It can refer to the literal mixing of substances or the figurative mingling or joining of people or groups.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ (mignymi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *meik- meaning 'to mix'.

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MA-thon

Translations: I learned, they learned, I was taught, they were taught

Notes: This word is an aorist indicative active form of the verb 'μανθανω' (manthano), meaning 'to learn' or 'to be taught'. In this specific form, it can mean 'I learned' (first person singular) or 'they learned' (third person plural), depending on the context. It describes an action of learning that occurred in the past, often with a focus on the completion of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word 'μανθανω' (manthano) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to think, to learn'. It is related to other Greek words concerning knowledge and understanding.

G1197

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: GLOOP-toyss

Translations: carved, graven, sculptured, carved image, graven image, an idol, to carved images, to graven images, to idols

Notes: This word refers to something that has been carved, engraved, or sculpted. It is often used in the context of religious objects, specifically idols or images made by human hands for worship, contrasting them with the true God. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to carved images' or 'to idols'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ, ΞΟΑΝΟΝ

G4625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKAN-da-lon

Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a snare, trap, cause of ruin

Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble or fall, either literally or figuratively. It can also mean a snare or trap. In a moral or spiritual sense, it denotes anything that causes someone to sin, fall away from faith, or be led astray.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to limp' or 'to stumble'. It originally referred to the movable stick or trigger of a trap, which, when touched, caused the trap to spring shut.

G0299

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-THOH-on

Translations: innocent, guiltless, unpunished, an innocent thing, a guiltless thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is free from guilt or blame, or that has not been punished. It is used to indicate a state of innocence or blamelessness. For example, it can refer to an innocent person or an innocent act.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΤΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'θώος' (thoos), which is related to 'θωή' (thoe), meaning 'punishment' or 'penalty'. Thus, it literally means 'without punishment' or 'unpunished', leading to the sense of 'innocent' or 'guiltless'.

G2380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thoo-on

Translations: they were sacrificing, they were offering, they were slaying, they were killing

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural, of the verb 'θύω' (thuo). It describes an ongoing or repeated action of sacrificing, offering, slaying, or killing in the past. It implies that the action was in progress or habitual at a certain point in time in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΘΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'θύω' (thuo) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to rush, to rage, to smoke'. In ancient Greek, it evolved to mean 'to make a burnt offering' or 'to sacrifice', often involving the slaying of an animal.

G5477

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHAH-nah-ahn

Translations: Canaan

Notes: This word refers to Canaan, a historical region in the Ancient Near East, located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. It is frequently mentioned in the Bible as the 'Promised Land' given to the Israelites. It is used to denote the land itself or its inhabitants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable proper noun)

Etymology: The word 'Canaan' is of Semitic origin, likely from a root meaning 'to be low, humble, subjugated'. It refers to the historical region and its inhabitants.

G5407, G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fo-noh-ktee-NEE-thee

Translations: was murdered, was slain, was killed

Notes: This is a compound verb form, likely derived from the roots related to 'murder' (φονεύω) and 'kill' (κτείνω). It describes an action of being murdered or slain, emphasizing the violent nature of the death. The word is in the passive voice, indicating that the subject of the verb was the recipient of the action, rather than the perpetrator. It is used to describe someone or something that suffered a violent death.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΤΑΝΘΗ, ΑΝΗΡΕΘΗ

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-foh-nok-toh-NEE-thee

Translations: was murdered, was killed, was slain

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'φόνος' (murder) and 'κτείνω' (to kill). It means 'to be murdered' or 'to be slain'. The form 'ΕΦΟΝΟΚΤΟΝΗΘΗ' indicates that the action of being murdered or killed was completed in the past, and the subject of the verb was the one who suffered this action. It describes an event where someone was the victim of a fatal act.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΤΑΝΘΗ, ΑΝΗΡΕΘΗ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek noun φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder, slaughter', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill, slay'. The combination forms a verb meaning 'to commit murder' or 'to be murdered'.

G4203

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-OR-noo-san

Translations: they committed fornication, they prostituted themselves, they played the harlot

Notes: This word describes the act of committing fornication or engaging in sexual immorality. It can also refer to spiritual unfaithfulness, such as worshipping other gods or abandoning one's covenant with God, metaphorically acting as a prostitute. It is often used in the context of illicit sexual relations or idolatry.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΧΕΥΩ, ΑΣΕΒΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΠΟΡΝΕΥΩ (porneuo) is derived from the noun ΠΟΡΝΗ (porne), meaning 'prostitute' or 'harlot'.

G3710

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: or-GISS-thay

Translations: he was angry, she was angry, it was angry, became angry, was enraged

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'οργιζομαι' (orgizomai), meaning 'to be angry' or 'to become angry'. It describes an action of becoming angry that occurred in the past and was completed. The passive voice indicates that the subject of the verb was the one experiencing the anger, rather than actively causing it in someone else.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΕΩ

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-MOH

Translations: (to) passion, (to) anger, (to) wrath, (to) indignation, (to) rage, (to) fury, (to) spirit, (to) soul

Notes: This word refers to a strong emotion, often negative, such as anger, wrath, or indignation. It can also refer to the seat of emotions, like the spirit or soul. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It originally referred to the soul or spirit as the principle of life, and later came to denote strong feelings or passions.

G948

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eb-deh-LOO-ksa-toh

Translations: he abhorred, he detested, he loathed, he made abominable, he turned away from, he felt disgust for

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to abhor, detest, or feel disgust for something. It implies a strong feeling of revulsion or loathing. It is often used to describe a moral or religious aversion to something considered unclean, impure, or evil. In a sentence, it would describe someone's strong negative reaction to an object, action, or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ΑΠΟϹΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'βδελύσσομαι' (bdelussomai) is derived from 'βδέλυγμα' (bdelugma), meaning 'an abomination' or 'a detestable thing'. It is related to the idea of something that causes a strong, visceral revulsion.

G2817

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: klay-roh-noh-MEE-ahn

Translations: inheritance, an inheritance, heritage, a heritage, possession, a possession

Notes: This word refers to an inheritance, a heritage, or a possession. It denotes something received by lot or as a legacy, often property or a spiritual blessing. It is used in sentences to describe what is passed down or acquired.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ (klēronomia) comes from the combination of κλῆρος (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'portion', and νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign'. It refers to that which is distributed by lot or assigned as a portion.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-ken

Translations: handed over, delivered, gave up, betrayed, committed, entrusted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It generally means to hand something over to someone, to deliver, or to give up. Depending on the context, it can also mean to betray someone, to commit something to someone's care, or to entrust. It is often used in the sense of delivering someone into custody or handing over a tradition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes

Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tah-pi-NOH-thay-sahn

Translations: they were humbled, they were brought low, they were abased

Notes: This word describes the action of being humbled, brought low, or abased. It is used to indicate that a group of people experienced a state of humility or a reduction in status, power, or pride, often implying a passive experience where they were subjected to this humbling by an external force or circumstances. It can refer to a literal lowering or a metaphorical one, such as a decrease in arrogance or an acceptance of a lower position.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΠΕΙΝΩΘΗΣΑΝ, ΕΣΜΙΚΡΥΝΘΗΣΑΝ

Etymology: From ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ (tapeinos), meaning 'low, humble'. The verb form means 'to make low, to humble'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-lay

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will, decision, a decision

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, a plan, a purpose, or a decision. It denotes the act of deliberating or the result of such deliberation, often implying a firm intention or resolution. It can be used in contexts referring to human plans or, more profoundly, to the divine will or purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΜΑ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, wish, or purpose'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G0458

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-ais

Translations: (to) lawlessness, (to) iniquity, (to) unrighteousness, (to) wickedness

Notes: This word refers to a state of being without law, or more commonly, a disregard for or violation of divine or moral law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or wickedness. It describes actions or a lifestyle that is contrary to God's will or established moral principles. In a sentence, it would be used to describe the nature of certain deeds or the state of a person or group.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ

G3708, G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-den

Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw, they saw, he had seen, she had seen, it had seen, they had seen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to see'. Depending on context and the original diacritics, it most commonly represents the aorist active indicative third person singular of 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'he/she/it saw'. It can also be the third person plural of the same form, meaning 'they saw'. Less commonly, it could be a form of 'εἴδω' (eidō), which also means 'to see' or 'to know'. The specific meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G2346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thlee-BES-theh

Translations: you are afflicted, you are distressed, you are troubled, you are pressed, you are suffering tribulation

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be afflicted,' 'to be distressed,' 'to be troubled,' or 'to be pressed.' It describes a state of suffering or hardship, often implying external pressure or tribulation. It is used to convey the experience of enduring difficulties or persecution.

Inflection: Present, Indicative or Imperative, Middle or Passive Voice, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ

G1522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-ah-KOO-sai

Translations: to hear, to listen, to hearken, to obey, to answer (prayer)

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'eisakouō'. It means 'to hear' or 'to listen to', often implying attention or obedience. It can also mean 'to answer' when referring to prayers, indicating that the one praying has been heard and their request granted. It is a compound word formed from 'eis' (into, to) and 'akouō' (to hear).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis, 'into, to') and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō, 'to hear'). It literally means 'to hear into' or 'to hear towards', implying a focused or attentive hearing.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-NEES-thay

Translations: he remembered, she remembered, it remembered, was remembered, was mindful

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of'. It is often used to describe an action of recalling something to mind, or of being reminded of something. It can also imply a state of being mindful or thoughtful about a person or event. In this form, it indicates an action that happened in the past, specifically a singular subject (he, she, or it) remembering or being remembered.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb μιμνήσκω (mimnesko) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (to think, remember).

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Dee-ah-THEE-kees

Translations: (of) a covenant, (of) the covenant, (of) a testament, (of) the testament, (of) a will, (of) the will

Notes: This word refers to a solemn agreement or a binding compact, often between God and humans, or between two parties. It can also refer to a last will and testament, a legal document outlining a person's wishes for their possessions after death. Its meaning can shift depending on the context, often referring to a divine covenant in religious texts or a human will in legal contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ

G3338

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-meh-LAY-thay

Translations: repented, regretted, changed one's mind

Notes: This word means to feel regret, to repent, or to change one's mind. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΜΕΛΩ (melō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to be a concern'. Thus, it implies a change of care or concern, leading to a change of mind or regret. It is often used to describe a change of heart or a feeling of remorse for past actions.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: en-AN-tee-on

Translations: opposite, over against, contrary, in front of, before, against

Notes: This word describes something that is in opposition to, or directly facing, something else. As an adjective, it means 'opposite' or 'contrary'. As an adverb, it means 'over against' or 'in front of', indicating a position or direction. It can be used to describe physical opposition or a state of being contrary to something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΡΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-tee-SAN-tohn

Translations: of those who took captive, of those who led captive, of those who made captive

Notes: This word is the genitive plural active participle of the verb 'αἰχμαλωτίζω' (aichmalōtizō), meaning 'to take captive' or 'to lead captive'. It describes the action of those who have taken someone or something captive, indicating possession or origin related to that action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΓΟΝΤΩΝ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-son

Translations: save, deliver, make whole, preserve, heal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is often used in a plea or command, asking someone to provide salvation, rescue, or healing. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger or illness, or spiritual salvation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb of uncertain affinity. It is related to the concept of safety and soundness.

G1843

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-oh-moh-loh-GAY-sas-theh

Translations: confess, acknowledge, give thanks, praise

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εκ' (out of) and 'ομολογεω' (to confess, agree). It means to confess fully, openly, or publicly, often with the implication of acknowledging something from the heart or giving thanks. It can be used in the sense of confessing sins, acknowledging truth, or giving praise and thanks to God.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΕΩ

G1741

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-kow-KHA-sthai

Translations: to boast, to glory, to exult, to pride oneself, to take pride in

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'kaucháomai', meaning to boast or glory. It often implies a sense of pride or exultation, particularly in something or someone. It can be used in both a positive sense (glorying in God) and a negative sense (boasting in oneself). The 'en-' prefix intensifies the action, meaning 'in' or 'among', suggesting boasting within a context or about something specific.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΓΑΛΑΥΧΕΩ

G2129

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-loh-gee-TOS

Translations: blessed, praised, worthy of praise, a blessed one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is blessed, praised, or worthy of praise. It is often used in reference to God, indicating that He is to be praised or is inherently blessed. It can also refer to a person who is blessed by God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΣ, ΑΙΝΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb ΕΥΛΟΓΕΩ (eulogeo), meaning 'to bless' or 'to speak well of'. It combines 'eu' (good, well) and 'logos' (word, speech).

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G1096