2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2818

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: klay-roh-NOH-mos

Translations: heir, an heir, inheritor

Notes: This word refers to an heir or inheritor, someone who receives an inheritance or succeeds to a position, property, or title. It is a compound word formed from κλῆρος (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'inheritance', and νέμομαι (nemomai), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to possess'. It is commonly used in legal and familial contexts to denote the person designated to receive an estate or legacy.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΟΧΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΥΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΟΣ is a compound of κλῆρος (klēros), meaning 'lot, inheritance', and the root of νέμομαι (nemomai), meaning 'to distribute, to possess'. It literally means 'one who distributes or possesses by lot/inheritance'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2223

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zoh-SAH-tayn

Translations: to gird, to gird on, to put on, to equip

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ζώννυμι' (zōnnumi), meaning 'to gird' or 'to equip'. It refers to the act of fastening a belt or girdle around oneself, often implying preparation for action or service. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to prepare or empower someone for a task, or to put on something like armor or clothing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive, Feminine, Accusative, Singular (from the verb ζώννυμι, meaning 'to gird')

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ

G1458

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-kheh-EE-ri-sen

Translations: he handed over, he entrusted, he delivered, he committed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, into) and 'χειρίζω' (to handle, to manage), which comes from 'χείρ' (hand). It means to hand something over to someone, to entrust or commit something into their care, or to deliver something. It is used to describe the act of giving authority, responsibility, or an object to another person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5427

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froh-NEE-mah-tee

Translations: to mind, to purpose, to thought, to intention, to disposition, to pride, to a mind, a purpose, a thought, an intention, a disposition, a pride

Notes: This word refers to a way of thinking, a mindset, or a disposition. It can denote a purpose, an intention, or a particular frame of mind. Depending on the context, it can also carry the nuance of pride or arrogance. It is used to describe the inner workings of a person's thoughts and will. As a dative case, it often indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, translating as 'to/for the mind/purpose' or 'by/with the mind/purpose'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΥΣ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

G713

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TOH-boo-los

Translations: Aristobulus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Aristobulus. The initial 'Ὀ' is the masculine nominative singular definite article, meaning 'the'. So, 'Ὀ Ἀριστόβουλος' means 'the Aristobulus'. Aristobulus was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including members of the Herodian dynasty.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Aristobulus is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'aristos' (ἄριστος), meaning 'best' or 'excellent', and 'boulē' (βουλή), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. Thus, the name means 'best counselor' or 'one who gives excellent counsel'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G4824

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-bo-LEES

Translations: of a coming together, of a meeting, of a contribution, of a sign, of a symbol

Notes: This word refers to the act of coming together, a meeting, or a joining. It can also denote a contribution or a sum of money contributed. In a broader sense, it can refer to a sign or a symbol, something that brings ideas or concepts together. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΗΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΗ

G4029

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-ree-KHOON-tah

Translations: surrounding, encompassing, containing, holding, embracing, a surrounding, a containing

Notes: This word is a compound word derived from the preposition περί (peri, meaning 'around' or 'about') and the verb ἔχω (echō, meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'). It describes something that surrounds, encompasses, or contains. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, describing something that is in the act of surrounding or containing. As a noun, it refers to the act or state of surrounding or containing itself. It can be used to describe physical boundaries or abstract concepts like holding a certain meaning.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word περιέχω (periechō) is formed from the prefix περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It literally means 'to hold around'.

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes

Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-BAH-ee-noo-sin

Translations: they go over, they pass over, they cross over, they depart, they remove

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Together, it means to go from one place to another, to pass over, or to depart. It is used to describe movement across a boundary or a change in location.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4314, G3588

Part of Speech: Preposition, Article

Sounds like: pros-TON

Translations: to, toward, with, for, against, in the presence of, a, the

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros) and the masculine accusative singular definite article ΤΟΝ (ton). The preposition ΠΡΟΣ indicates direction, purpose, or relationship, meaning 'to,' 'toward,' 'with,' 'for,' 'against,' or 'in the presence of.' When followed by the accusative case, as it is here with ΤΟΝ, it typically denotes motion towards something or someone, or a relationship 'with' or 'to' someone. ΤΟΝ is the definite article 'the' in the masculine accusative singular, often used before a noun to specify it.

Inflection: ΠΡΟΣ: Does not inflect; ΤΟΝ: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

G0713

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TO-boo-lon

Translations: Aristobulus

Notes: This is a Greek proper name, meaning 'best counsel' or 'best advisor'. It was a common name in antiquity, borne by several historical figures, including members of the Herodian dynasty and a Jewish high priest. In a sentence, it would refer to a specific individual named Aristobulus, often as the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Aristobulus is derived from the Greek words 'aristos' (ἄριστος), meaning 'best' or 'excellent', and 'boulē' (βουλή), meaning 'counsel' or 'advice'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4887

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sym-MEI-nan-TON

Translations: of those who remained with, of those who abode with, of those who continued with

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'συνμένω' (symmenō), meaning 'to remain with' or 'to abide together'. It describes an action of staying or continuing in association with others. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of those who remained with' or 'belonging to those who remained with'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΕΙΝΑΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G5348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FTHA-nee

Translations: he/she/it comes, he/she/it arrives, he/she/it reaches, he/she/it attains, he/she/it anticipates, he/she/it comes upon

Notes: This is the third person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'φθάνω'. It generally means to arrive, come, or reach a certain point or state. It can also imply anticipating or coming upon something unexpectedly. It is used to describe an action that is currently happening or a state that is currently being reached by a singular subject.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΗΚΩ

G4862, G5343, G1909

Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition

Sounds like: soom-fy-GOHN-eh-PEE

Translations: fleeing together to, fleeing together upon, fleeing together against

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the prefix 'συν-' (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', the aorist participle 'φυγών' (phygon) from the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape', and the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'on', 'upon', 'to', or 'against'. The entire phrase describes the action of someone or something fleeing in conjunction with others towards, upon, or against a certain place or person. The meaning of 'ἐπί' can vary depending on the case of the noun it governs, but here it is likely used adverbially or in conjunction with the participle to indicate direction or purpose.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Aorist Active Participle (for ΦΥΓΩΝ); Preposition (for ΕΠΙ)

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koo-ree-EV-sas

Translations: having dominion, having power, having mastered, having taken possession, having become lord, having ruled, having gained control

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb κυριεύω, meaning 'to be lord, to have dominion over, to rule, to gain control of, to take possession of'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of gaining control or mastery.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3670

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-may-ron

Translations: of hostages, of pledges, of securities

Notes: This word refers to hostages, pledges, or securities. It is used in a context where individuals are held as a guarantee for an agreement or as a security against a future action. It can also refer to something given as a pledge or security.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΧΥΡΑ, ΕΓΓΥΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὁμηρεύω (homēreúō), meaning 'to be a hostage' or 'to give security'. This verb is related to ὅμηρος (homēros), which originally meant 'one who accompanies' or 'one who is joined together', evolving to mean 'hostage' as someone who accompanies or is joined to another as a pledge.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tahd

Translations: these, these things, this, this thing

Notes: This word is an elided form of the demonstrative pronoun 'ταῦτα' (tauta), meaning 'these' or 'these things', followed by the conjunction 'δέ' (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'. The elision occurs when 'ταῦτα' is followed by a word beginning with a vowel, and the final vowel of 'ταῦτα' (the alpha) is dropped, and 'δέ' becomes 'δ''. So, 'ταῦτα δέ' becomes 'ταῦτα δ'' or, as seen here, 'ταῦταδ''. It functions to introduce a contrast or continuation, often translated as 'but these' or 'and these'.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΤΑΔΕ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0272

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: ah-MEH-ley

Translations: doubtless, certainly, surely, indeed, neglect, be careless, take no care

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'doubtless' or 'certainly', emphasizing a statement. It can also be an imperative form of the verb 'ἀμελέω', meaning 'do not neglect' or 'be careless'. Its meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Verb (Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΔΗΛΟΝΟΤΙ, ἈΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and μέλει (melei, 'it is a care, it concerns'). The root verb ἀμελέω means 'to be careless of, neglect'.

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G0408

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nee-KEH-stoo

Translations: of incurable, of irreparable, of irremediable, of incurable (of), of irreparable (of), of irremediable (of)

Notes: This word describes something that is incurable, irreparable, or irremediable. It refers to a condition, damage, or situation that cannot be fixed, healed, or set right. It is often used to describe severe and lasting harm or problems.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΑΤΟΣ, ΑΛΥΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΠΑΝΟΡΘΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνήκεστος (anēkestos) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀν- (an-, meaning 'not' or 'un-') and the root of the verb ἀκέομαι (akeomai), which means 'to heal' or 'to cure'. Thus, it literally means 'not curable' or 'incurable'.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-THOOS

Translations: (of) suffering, (of) passion, (of) feeling, (of) emotion, (of) experience, (of) calamity

Notes: This word refers to a state of suffering, an intense emotion, or a strong feeling. It can also denote an experience or a calamity. It is often used in contexts describing physical or emotional pain, or strong desires and affections. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or another noun that indicates possession or relation, such as 'the intensity of suffering' or 'the nature of passion'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΓΟΣ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

G1259

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LYOO-thay-san

Translations: they were dissolved, they were dispersed, they were broken up, they were separated

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb λύω (lyo), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. In this form, it describes an action where a group or entity was broken apart, dispersed, or dissolved. It implies a state of being undone or scattered.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-een

Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to be a king

Notes: This word means to reign, to rule, or to act as a king. As an infinitive, it often functions like an English 'to' verb, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to reign' or 'for ruling'. It describes the exercise of royal authority or sovereignty.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō) comes from the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. It describes the action or state of being a king.

G1839

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-STAN-tah

Translations: those who stood out, those who were amazed, those who were astonished, those who were beside themselves

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ἐκ-ἵστημι (ek-histēmi), meaning 'to stand out from', 'to displace', or 'to be amazed/astonished'. In its participle form, it describes someone who has been put out of their normal state, often implying astonishment, amazement, or being beside oneself due to an overwhelming experience. It can refer to individuals who are so overwhelmed that they are 'standing out' from their usual composure or state of mind.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΕΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκ-ἵστημι is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to stand out from' or 'to put out of place', which then developed the figurative sense of being 'out of one's mind' or 'astonished'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1259

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-al-la-GEN-tes

Translations: having been reconciled, reconciled

Notes: This word is a compound verb participle meaning 'having been reconciled' or 'having changed thoroughly'. It describes a state of having come to terms or having been brought back into a friendly relationship after a disagreement. It is often used to describe the act of resolving a conflict or restoring harmony between parties.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΝΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change'. Thus, it literally means 'to change through' or 'to change thoroughly', leading to the sense of reconciliation.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4029

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-ess-TOH-toss

Translations: (of) standing around, (of) surrounding, (of) bystanders

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιίστημι', meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. It describes someone or something that is positioned around a central point or person. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, often referring to those who are present and encircling. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (around) and 'ἵστημι' (to stand).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G5380

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: fee-loh-FROH-nohss

Translations: kindly, courteously, hospitably, in a friendly manner, graciously

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "kindly" or "courteously." It describes an action performed with friendliness, goodwill, or hospitality. It is often used to describe how someone receives or treats another person, indicating a warm and welcoming disposition. It is derived from the adjective φιλόφρων (philophron), meaning "friendly" or "kind-hearted."

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥΜΕΝΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΝΩΣ

G0782

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: as-pa-SAH-me-noy

Translations: having greeted, having embraced, having saluted, having welcomed

Notes: This is a participle derived from the verb 'aspazomai', meaning 'to greet' or 'to embrace'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that the subjects performed the action of greeting or embracing. For example, 'having greeted one another, they departed'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'aspazomai' is believed to be derived from 'a-' (intensive prefix) and 'spao' (to draw, to pull), suggesting an action of drawing someone close, hence to embrace or greet.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ee-MAYP-san

Translations: they exchanged, they changed, they passed through

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb "διαμείβω". It means "they exchanged" or "they changed". It can also imply passing through or changing places. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΙΒΩ, ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word "διαμείβω" is a compound verb formed from the preposition "διά" (dia), meaning "through" or "between", and the verb "ἀμείβω" (ameibō), meaning "to exchange" or "to change".

G0713

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TOH-boo-los

Translations: Aristobulus

Notes: Aristobulus is a male proper name of Greek origin. It was a common name among Hellenistic rulers and prominent figures, including members of the Hasmonean dynasty and the family of Herod the Great. The name is a compound word meaning 'best counselor' or 'best-advising'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ἀριστόβουλος (Aristoboulos) is derived from the Greek words ἄριστος (aristos), meaning 'best' or 'excellent', and βουλή (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G0402

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ekh-OH-ray-sen

Translations: withdrew, departed, went away, retired, returned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. Together, it means to withdraw, depart, or go back from a place or person. It is often used to describe someone leaving a location, either to retreat, to go to a private place, or simply to move away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. The root χωρέω comes from χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'space' or 'place'.

G1167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEH-os

Translations: fear, awe, reverence, dread, a fear, an awe, a reverence, a dread

Notes: ΔΕΟΣ is a neuter noun meaning fear, awe, or reverence. It describes a feeling of profound respect mixed with fear or wonder, often in the presence of something powerful or divine. It can be used to express a sense of dread or terror, but also a respectful awe.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ, ΦΡΙΚΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dwey- meaning 'to fear'. It is related to other Greek words expressing fear or flight.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1313

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-foh-RON

Translations: different, various, diverse, excellent, more excellent, a different, a various

Notes: This word describes something that is distinct, diverse, or of a different kind. It can also imply superiority or excellence, meaning 'more excellent' or 'better'. In the provided context, it refers to 'various' or 'different' things, likely in the sense of different sums or types of money. It is often used to compare one thing to another, highlighting their differences.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TAY-san-tos

Translations: of having taken hold of, of having seized, of having grasped, of having prevailed, of having overcome, of having held fast, of having held sway, of having ruled, of having gained control

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'krateō'. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of taking hold, seizing, prevailing, or ruling. It often implies gaining power or control over something or someone. In a sentence, it would function adjectivally or substantively, indicating the possessor or agent of the completed action.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G1243

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-mee-soo-MEH-noh

Translations: hating utterly, detesting, being utterly hated, being detested

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαμισέω', meaning 'to hate utterly' or 'to detest'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. It can mean 'hating utterly' (active voice) or 'being utterly hated' (passive voice), depending on the context. It describes someone or something that is in a state of intense hatred or being intensely hated.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine/Neuter, Singular, Dative

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ΑΠΕΧΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word διαμισέω (diamiseō) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a complete or utter hatred.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EH-neh-kah

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G2532, G3778

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kahee-TACE

Translations: and, of this, of that, of him, of her, of it

Notes: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and', and the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. Therefore, 'ΚΑΙΤΗΣ' means 'and of this' or 'and of that', or 'and of him/her/it'. It is used to connect a phrase referring to the genitive case of something previously mentioned.

Inflection: Compound word: 'καί' (does not inflect) + 'οὗτος' (Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter)

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΟΥ̓ΤΟΥ

G4406

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: proh-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: to be first, to be preeminent, to hold the first place, to be chief, to be a chief

Notes: This word describes someone who holds the first place or is preeminent among others. It signifies being chief or having leadership. It is used to describe someone who desires to be first or to have prominence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word πρῶτος (prōtos), meaning 'first'. The verb form means 'to be first' or 'to hold the first place'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TEH

Translations: virtue, excellence, moral goodness, a virtue, an excellence

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or goodness. It can also denote any kind of excellence or superiority, whether moral, physical, or intellectual. It is used to describe a quality of high moral standing or a specific act of virtue. In a sentence, it would describe a characteristic or action that is commendable and morally upright.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ἀρετή (aretē) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term that has been used since Homeric times. It is often associated with the concept of 'being good at something' or 'excellence in any respect'.

G0328, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: ah-nak-TAY-sas-thai-teen

Translations: to recover, to regain, the, a

Notes: This appears to be a compound of two separate Koine Greek words, "ἀνακτήσασθαι" (anaktēsasthai) and "τήν" (tēn), which have been written together without a space. "ἀνακτήσασθαι" is the aorist infinitive middle/passive of the verb "ἀνακτάομαι," meaning 'to recover' or 'to regain.' "τήν" is the accusative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'the' or, in some contexts, 'a.' When combined, it would mean 'to recover the' or 'to regain the.'

Inflection: Aorist Infinitive Middle/Passive (ἀνακτήσασθαι), Accusative Singular Feminine (τήν)

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ἈΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5207, G2532

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Conjunction

Sounds like: hoor-KAH-non-kai

Translations: Hyrcanus and, a Hyrcanus and

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the proper noun 'Υρκανός' (Hyrcanus) and the conjunction 'καί' (and). 'Υρκανός' refers to a historical figure, often a Jewish high priest or ruler from the Hasmonean dynasty. The word 'καί' means 'and', 'also', or 'even'. Therefore, 'ΥΡΚΑΝΟΝΚΑΙ' means 'Hyrcanus and' or 'and Hyrcanus'. It is likely a scribal error where the conjunction 'καί' was appended directly to the preceding word without a space.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine (for ΥΡΚΑΝΟΝ); Does not inflect (for ΚΑΙ)

Etymology: ΥΡΚΑΝΟΣ (Hyrcanus) is a Greek name of uncertain origin, possibly related to Hyrcania, a region in ancient Persia. ΚΑΙ (kai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a very common conjunction in Greek.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G2239

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AY-thos

Translations: custom, habit, character, a custom, a habit, a character

Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or characteristic way of acting or thinking. It can describe an individual's moral character or the established practices and traditions of a community. It is often used to denote the settled disposition or moral nature of a person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ἨΘΟΣ" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *s(w)edh-, meaning "custom, habit." It is related to the word "ἔθος" (ethos), which also means custom or habit, but "ἨΘΟΣ" often carries a stronger connotation of moral character.

G1225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-BAL-lohn

Translations: slandering, accusing, calumniating, defaming, traducing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb διαβάλλω (diaballō). It describes the action of slandering, accusing, or defaming someone. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'. Thus, it literally means 'to throw across' or 'to throw through', which evolved to mean 'to throw accusations across' or 'to slander'. It is used to describe someone who is actively engaged in spreading false or damaging reports about another person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΣΥΚΟΦΑΝΤΩΝ

G3909, G1209

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ai-NEI-dek-SAS-thai

Translations: to advise to receive, to exhort to accept, to counsel to take

Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a very unusual construction, possibly a misspelling or a conflation of two verbs: 'παραινέω' (to advise, exhort) and 'δέχομαι' (to receive, accept). It would generally mean to advise or exhort someone to receive or accept something. It's not a standard Koine Greek word found in lexicons, suggesting it might be a scribal error or a unique formation in the provided text. If it were a valid form, it would likely be an infinitive, indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Middle Voice

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4241

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PREH-pon

Translations: fitting, proper, suitable, becoming, appropriate, as is fitting, as is proper

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'πρέπω' (prepo), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper'. It describes something that is suitable, appropriate, or becoming for a particular situation or person. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how something is done. For example, it might describe an action that is done 'as is fitting' or 'properly'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΖΟΝ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρέπω' (prepo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to be conspicuous' or 'to stand out', which then developed the sense of 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper' because something that stands out in a good way is appropriate.

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G2986

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: lam-PRAS

Translations: bright, shining, splendid, magnificent, glorious, distinguished, sumptuous

Notes: This word describes something that is bright, shining, or brilliant, often implying a sense of splendor, magnificence, or glory. It can refer to physical brightness, such as a lamp or the sun, or to something that is figuratively brilliant, like a distinguished person, a splendid deed, or a magnificent gift. It is used to describe things that are notable, excellent, or impressive.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative or Genitive, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΑΕΙΝΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΩΝ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

G4291

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: proh-es-TOH-tah

Translations: those in charge, leaders, rulers, chiefs, a leader, a ruler

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'those who have stood before' or 'those who have been placed in charge'. It refers to individuals who hold positions of authority, leadership, or oversight within a community or group. It is often translated as 'leaders' or 'rulers' and describes people who preside over or manage affairs.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

G5242

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-EH-khein

Translations: to excel, to surpass, to be superior, to be preeminent, to be in authority, to be better

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὑπερέχω' (hyperechō). It means to be superior, to excel, or to hold a position of authority or preeminence. It can describe someone or something that stands out above others in quality, rank, or power. For example, it might be used to say 'to excel in virtue' or 'to be in authority over others'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ, ΥΨΟΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to have or hold over', leading to the sense of superiority or preeminence.

G0091

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-dee-koo-MEH-noh

Translations: (to) those who are wronged, (to) those who are injured, (to) the wronged, (to) the injured

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'adikéō', meaning 'to do wrong' or 'to injure'. In this form, it refers to those who are being wronged or injured. It describes people who are suffering injustice or harm at the hands of others.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΔΙΚΟΥΝΤΙ, ἈΔΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'adikéō' comes from 'adikos' (unjust), which is formed from 'a-' (not) and 'dikē' (justice). Thus, it literally means 'not just' or 'without justice'.

G91

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-dee-KEE-sthai

Translations: to be wronged, to suffer injustice, to be treated unjustly, to be injured

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'to do wrong' or 'to be unjust'. Therefore, it means 'to be wronged' or 'to suffer injustice'. It describes the state of being subjected to unfair or harmful treatment by others.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΔΙΚΟΥΜΑΙ, ἈΔΙΚΟΥΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and δίκη (dikē, 'justice, right'). It literally means 'not having justice' or 'without justice'.

G4734

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: steh-ree-THEN-tah

Translations: having been deprived, having been bereft, those who have been deprived, those who have been bereft

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been deprived' or 'having been bereft'. It describes someone or something that has suffered the loss of something. It is often used to indicate a state of being without something, usually due to an external action. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the people, having been deprived of food, suffered greatly'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΘΕΝΤΑ, ΕΚΠΕΣΟΝΤΑ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-BEY-on

Translations: right of seniority, a right of seniority, privilege, a privilege, pre-eminence, priority

Notes: This word refers to a right or privilege that is granted due to seniority, age, or pre-eminence. It signifies a special advantage or honor that comes with being older or holding a higher position. It can be used in contexts where someone is given a particular status or benefit because of their established standing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΝΟΜΙΟΝ, ΠΡΩΤΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: Derived from the word πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old man' or 'elder', which emphasizes the concept of seniority or age as the basis for the privilege.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-KOO-sees

Translations: of belonging, of being proper, of being fitting, of being appropriate, of being suitable, of being due

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the present active participle of the verb 'προσήκω' (prosēkō). It describes something that is fitting, proper, or due. It often implies a sense of obligation or appropriateness, indicating what ought to be or what belongs to a particular situation or person. It can be used to describe actions, qualities, or things that are suitable or relevant.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'πρός' (pros, "to, toward") and 'ἥκω' (hēkō, "to have come, to be present"). The combination implies 'to have come to' or 'to belong to'.

G4282

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ka-tah-skay-VAH-sas

Translations: having prepared beforehand, having made ready beforehand, having gotten ready beforehand

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'προκατασκευάζω', meaning 'to prepare beforehand' or 'to make ready in advance'. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (before), 'κατά' (down, completely), and 'σκευάζω' (to prepare, equip). As a participle, it describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to indicate the manner or time of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΕΥΤΡΕΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'προκατασκευάζω' is a compound of 'πρό' (pro, meaning 'before' or 'in front of'), 'κατά' (kata, meaning 'down' or 'completely'), and 'σκευάζω' (skeuazo, meaning 'to prepare' or 'to equip'). It signifies preparing something thoroughly in advance.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ

G0575, G3588

Part of Speech: Preposition, Article

Sounds like: ah-poh-TACE

Translations: from the, away from the

Notes: This is a compound phrase, not a single word. It consists of the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the genitive feminine singular form of the definite article 'τῆς' (tēs), meaning 'the'. Together, 'ἀπὸ τῆς' means 'from the' or 'away from the', typically preceding a feminine singular noun in the genitive case. It indicates separation, origin, or cause.

Inflection: Preposition + Definite Article, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

G0628

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-di-DRAS-kee

Translations: to escape, to flee away, to run away

Notes: This word means to escape or to run away from someone or something. It implies a deliberate act of flight to avoid capture or confrontation. It is often used in contexts where someone is trying to get away from a pursuer or a dangerous situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἈΠΟ- (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ (didrasko), meaning 'to run' or 'to flee'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-TOH-noh

Translations: strain, exert, intensify, be intense, be eager, be zealous

Notes: This verb means to strain, exert oneself, or intensify an action or feeling. It can describe putting forth great effort or being zealous in pursuit of something. It is often used to convey a sense of urgency or strong commitment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΟΝΕΩ (toneō), meaning 'to stretch' or 'to strain'.

G5437

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-GAY

Translations: flight, a flight, escape, a refuge

Notes: This word refers to the act of fleeing, escaping, or taking refuge. It describes a rapid departure from danger or an undesirable situation. It can be used in contexts where someone is running away from an enemy, seeking safety, or simply making a quick exit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΥΓΗ, ΕΚΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeug-, meaning 'to flee'.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: KHROH-meh-nos

Translations: using, employing, having, dealing with, associating with, a user, an employer

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΧΡΑΟΜΑΙ' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of using, employing, or dealing with something. It can also imply having or associating with something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used adverbially.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-nayn

Translations: called, named, being called, being named, the one called, the one named

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It can be used to introduce a descriptive phrase or clause, often indicating a characteristic or identity.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G1295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-SOH-zeh-tai

Translations: is preserved, is saved, is kept safe, is brought safely through, is rescued

Notes: This word is the third person singular present passive indicative form of the verb 'διασῴζω' (diasōizō). It means 'to be preserved' or 'to be saved' or 'to be brought safely through'. It describes an action where someone or something is kept safe or rescued from danger, often implying a complete and successful deliverance. For example, 'He is preserved' or 'It is kept safe'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-on

Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, royal palace, a royal palace, royal power, reign, royal

Notes: This word primarily functions as a noun meaning 'kingdom,' 'royal palace,' or 'royal power/authority.' It can refer to a literal territory ruled by a king, the physical dwelling of a king, or the abstract concept of royal dominion. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly,' describing something belonging to or characteristic of a king. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as a noun); Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (when used as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king.' The suffix -ιον (-ion) indicates a place or thing associated with the root.

G1458

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eng-KHEI-ri-sas

Translations: having handed over, having entrusted, having committed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb "ἐγχειρίζω". It means "having handed over" or "having entrusted" something to someone. It describes an action that has been completed before the main action of the sentence. It is a compound word formed from "ἐν" (in) and "χείρ" (hand), literally meaning "to put into someone's hand".

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

G3656

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tho-mee-LEE-sas

Translations: having spoken with, having conversed with, having discoursed with

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ὁμιλέω' (homileo), meaning 'to associate with, to converse, to speak with'. The prefix 'κατά' (kata) intensifies the action, suggesting a thorough or complete conversation. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to describe how or when something else happened. It implies a significant or extended period of speaking or conversing with someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΗΣΑΣ, ΔΙΑΛΕΧΘΕΙΣ

G5223

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pel-THOHN

Translations: having gone under, having come under, having submitted, having approached, having undergone, having taken refuge

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑπέρχομαι' (hyperchomai), meaning 'to go under', 'to come under', 'to submit', 'to approach', or 'to undergo'. It describes an action that has been completed, often implying a preceding action or condition. It can be used to describe physically going under something, or metaphorically submitting to authority, approaching someone, or enduring an experience.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΞΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΩΝ, ΥΠΕΝΕΓΚΩΝ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pei-THEI-teen

Translations: they two were persuading, they two were obeying, they two were trusting, they two persuaded, they two obeyed, they two trusted

Notes: This is a verb form derived from the root 'ΠΕΙΘΩ', meaning 'to persuade', 'to obey', or 'to trust'. The ending '-ειτην' indicates that it is an imperfect or aorist tense, active voice, and specifically refers to two people (dual number) in the third person. Therefore, it describes an action of persuading, obeying, or trusting performed by two individuals in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect or Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Dual

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-XOO-san

Translations: to sharpen, to whet, to make pointed, to make keen

Notes: This word describes the action of sharpening or making something keen, like a blade or a point. It implies a process of refining or making something more effective through a cutting or abrasive action. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ξόω' (xoō), meaning 'to scrape' or 'to smooth'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΗΓΩ, ΑΚΟΝΑΩ

Part of Speech: Numeral, Noun

Sounds like: pen-teh-my-REE-ah-des

Translations: fifty thousand

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'fifty thousand'. It is formed from 'πέντε' (pente), meaning 'five', and 'μυριάδες' (myriades), meaning 'tens of thousands' or 'myriads'. It is used to denote a large quantity, specifically 50,000 units of something. For example, one might say 'fifty thousand men' or 'fifty thousand talents'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: 'πέντε' (pente), meaning 'five', and 'μυριάδες' (myriades), the plural of 'μυριάς' (myrias), meaning 'a myriad' or 'ten thousand'. The combination literally translates to 'five myriads', hence 'fifty thousand'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TES-khen

Translations: he held out, he endured, he resisted, he persevered, he clung to, he stuck to

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this form, it means to hold out against something, to resist, to endure, or to persevere. It can also mean to cling to or stick to something, such as a teaching or a person.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tay-sym-bo-LAY

Translations: first contribution, first meeting, first encounter, first payment

Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'πρώτη' (first) and 'συμβολή' (contribution, meeting, encounter, payment). It refers to the initial or earliest instance of a contribution, a meeting, or an encounter. It can also denote a first payment or installment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek word 'πρώτος' (prōtos), meaning 'first', and 'συμβολή' (symbolē), meaning 'a throwing together', 'a meeting', or 'a contribution', derived from 'συν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw'.

G3007

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lay-fthEES

Translations: having been left, left behind, remaining, a remainder

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been left' or 'left behind'. It describes someone or something that has been abandoned or remains after others have departed. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'the one who was left' or 'those who were left'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leikʷ- meaning 'to leave, to remain'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G4887

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LAU-neh-tai

Translations: is driven together, is driven along, is compelled, is forced

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν' (together with) and the verb 'ἐλαύνω' (to drive). In its passive form, it means to be driven together, to be driven along, or to be compelled or forced. It describes an action where someone or something is being moved or pushed by an external force, often implying a lack of control or a necessity to move in a certain direction.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΕΤΑΙ, ΒΙΑΖΕΤΑΙ

G5348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EF-thay

Translations: was anticipated, was overtaken, was arrived at, was reached, was come to, was come upon, was prevented

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'φθάνω' (phthanō). It means 'to be anticipated,' 'to be overtaken,' or 'to be arrived at/reached.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being anticipated or reached.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΘΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: kah-tah-KRAH-toss

Translations: with full force, completely, utterly, by force, powerful, mighty

Notes: This word is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. It describes something done with overwhelming force or power, or something that is complete and absolute. It can function as an adjective meaning 'powerful' or 'mighty', or more commonly as an adverb meaning 'with full force', 'completely', or 'utterly'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (functioning adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΟΛΩΣ, ΒΙΑΙΩΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leef-THAYS

Translations: having been taken, having been received, taken, received, seized, caught

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a passive participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being taken or received. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate a completed action that was done to the subject. For example, it could describe 'the one who was taken' or 'having been taken, he went'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ, ΔΕΔΕΓΜΕΝΟΣ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TAY-goss

Translations: commander, general, governor, a commander, a general, a governor

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, a general, or a governor. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead), literally meaning 'leader of an army'. It can be used to describe someone in charge of military forces or a civil administrator with significant authority, often in a military context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΟΥΞ

Etymology: From 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). It refers to one who leads an army or a military force.

G1881, G846

Part of Speech: Participle, Pronoun

Sounds like: ep-an-as-TASS-ah-OW-tone

Translations: having risen up against them, having revolted against them, having rebelled against them

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of a participle and a pronoun. The first part, 'ἘΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΑ', is the aorist active participle (feminine, nominative singular) of the verb ἐπανασταίνω (epanastainō), meaning 'to rise up against', 'to revolt', or 'to rebel'. The second part, 'ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ', is the genitive plural of the pronoun αὐτός (autos), meaning 'of them' or 'their'. Together, the phrase means 'having risen up against them' or 'having revolted against them'. It describes an action of rebellion or opposition directed towards a group of people.

Inflection: Participle: Aorist, Active, Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Pronoun: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-ee-ROYS

Translations: to times, in times, for times, of times, seasons, opportunities

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, a season, or a critical moment. It is often used in contrast to 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to general, sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, highlighting a suitable or fitting moment for something to happen. It can be used to indicate a period of time, a season, or a favorable opportunity.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙΣ, ΩΡΑΙΣ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑΙΣ

G3089

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-loo-seh

Translations: he loosed, he untied, he released, he destroyed, he dissolved, he broke, he abolished

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λύω' (lyō). It means 'he/she/it loosed,' 'untied,' 'released,' 'destroyed,' 'dissolved,' 'broke,' or 'abolished.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, often with a focus on the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as untying bonds, releasing prisoners, dissolving a marriage, or destroying a structure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEMF-thay

Translations: he was sent, she was sent, it was sent

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to send'. The form provided, 'ἘΠΕΜΦΘΗ', is the third person singular, aorist indicative, passive voice. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subject received the action of being sent.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, suggesting an ancient root related to movement or sending.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4170

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: po-le-MOON-tos

Translations: of waging war, of fighting, of warring

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'polemeō', meaning 'to wage war' or 'to fight'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes the action of someone or something that is fighting or warring, often indicating a possessive relationship or the source of an action. For example, it could be translated as 'of him who is fighting' or 'of the one warring'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'polemeō' (to wage war) is derived from 'polemos' (war, battle), which itself comes from an uncertain origin, possibly related to 'pellō' (to drive, push).

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G0251

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ah-LOH-koo-ee-ahn

Translations: captured, taken, conquered, seized, overcome, caught

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'ἁλίσκομαι' (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing a state of having been captured or conquered. It is used here in the accusative case, feminine gender, and singular number, indicating that it describes a feminine noun that has been captured or taken.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G4373, G5259

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: PROS-fa-TOS HY-po

Translations: recently, lately, under, by, with

Notes: This appears to be a compound of two separate Koine Greek words: 'ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΩΣ' (pros-FA-tos), meaning 'recently' or 'lately', and 'ΥΠΟ' (hy-PO), a preposition meaning 'under', 'by', or 'with'. It is highly probable that these two words were mistakenly joined together in the provided text, as 'ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΩΣΥΠΟ' is not a recognized single word in Koine Greek. If it were intended as a single word, its meaning would be unclear.

Inflection: ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΩΣ: Does not inflect (adverb). ΥΠΟ: Does not inflect (preposition).

Etymology: ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΩΣ (pros-FA-tos) is derived from the adjective 'πρόσφατος' (prósphatos), meaning 'newly slain, fresh, recent'. It is formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward', and 'φάτος' (phatos), related to 'φημί' (phēmi), 'to speak', or 'φάω' (phaō), 'to shine'. ΥΠΟ (hy-PO) comes from Proto-Indo-European *upo, meaning 'under'.

G3333

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-TEL-loo

Translations: Metellus

Notes: This is the name of a prominent Roman family, the Caecilii Metelli, who were influential during the Roman Republic. The form 'ΜΕΤΕΛΛΟΥ' is the genitive singular case of the name 'Metellus', indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Metellus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Metellus' is of Latin origin, a Roman cognomen (surname) used by the plebeian gens Caecilia. Its exact etymology is uncertain, but it was a common and distinguished name in ancient Rome.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-THISS-tahss

Translations: having removed, having displaced, having transferred, having departed, having turned away

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle (masculine, nominative, singular) of the verb μεθίστημι (methistēmi). It is a compound word formed from μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The verb generally means to remove, displace, or transfer someone or something from one place or state to another. It can also imply a change of position or a departure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: TAH-kah-tah

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. It does not appear to be a recognized word in Koine Greek. It might be a transcription error or a very obscure proper noun. Given the context of the example usage, which contains words like "ΚΑΤΑΚΡΑΤΟΣ" and "ΕΠΤΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΨΑΜΕΝΗ" (which contains "ΚΑΤΑ"), it's possible "ΤΑΚΑΤΑ" is a misspelling or fragment related to a word containing "ΚΑΤΑ" (kata), a common Greek preposition meaning 'down' or 'against'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the origin of this word, as it is not a recognized Koine Greek word.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYOO-theh-toh

Translations: he learned, he inquired, he heard, he found out

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι' (punthanomai), meaning 'to learn by inquiry,' 'to inquire,' 'to hear,' or 'to find out.' It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject gained knowledge or information, often through asking or investigation. It can be used in sentences like 'He learned the news' or 'He inquired about the matter.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word πυνθάνομαι (punthanomai) comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to 'to ask' or 'to inquire.' It is connected to the idea of seeking knowledge or information.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: er-MAI-on

Translations: a godsend, a stroke of luck, a windfall, a piece of good fortune

Notes: This word refers to an unexpected piece of good fortune or a lucky find, often seen as a gift from the gods, particularly Hermes (hence the name). It describes something that comes as a great benefit or advantage, especially when it was not anticipated. It is typically used in a context where something turns out favorably by chance.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΤΥΧΙΑ, ΤΥΧΗ, ΟΝΕΙΡΟΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek god Hermes (Ἑρμῆς), who was associated with luck, unexpected finds, and sudden gains. The term originally referred to a lucky find, like a treasure, believed to be a gift from Hermes.

G1893

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-PEECH-thay

Translations: was hastened, was urged on, was pressed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'ἐπείγω' (epeigō). It means 'to be hastened,' 'to be urged on,' or 'to be pressed.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being hurried or compelled.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') + εἴγω (eígō, 'to lead, to drive'). The original sense was 'to drive on, to urge forward'.

G3928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-el-THON-tos

Translations: having passed by, after, when, past

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι' (parerchomai), meaning 'to pass by' or 'to go past'. In this form, it often functions in a genitive absolute construction, indicating an action that has occurred prior to the main verb, translating to phrases like 'when X had passed by' or 'after X had gone'. It describes something that has elapsed or gone by, such as time, an event, or a person.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G2240, G3844

Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition

Sounds like: HE-kon PA-ra

Translations: they came from, they came alongside, they arrived from, they arrived alongside

Notes: This word appears to be a compound of two separate Koine Greek words, ἧκον (hēkon) and παρά (para), which have been written together without a space. ἧκον is the 3rd person plural imperfect or aorist of ἥκω, meaning 'to have come' or 'to be present'. παρά is a preposition meaning 'from', 'by', 'near', or 'alongside'. Therefore, the combined phrase would mean 'they came from' or 'they came alongside', indicating movement towards or from a person or place.

Inflection: ἧκον: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect or Aorist, Indicative, Active; παρά: Does not inflect

G1189

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-noo

Translations: of one begging, of one pleading, of one needing, of one asking, of one who is in need

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'δεομαι' (deomai). It refers to someone who is currently begging, pleading, needing, or asking for something. It can be translated as 'of one who is begging' or 'of one who is in need', indicating possession or relationship to the act of needing or requesting.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The verb 'δεομαι' (deomai) comes from 'δεω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. The sense of 'lacking' evolved into 'having need of' and then 'asking for' or 'begging'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G2158

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-pee-PROS-then

Translations: in front of, before, in the presence of, opposite

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'πρόσθεν' (before, in front). It indicates a position directly in front of something or someone, or a temporal sense of being before an event. It can also imply being in the presence or sight of someone.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the prepositions 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'on' or 'upon', and 'πρόσθεν' (prosthen), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo

Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: toh-SOO-ton

Translations: so great, so much, so many, so large, so far, such, a such

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It is used to indicate a quantity, size, or extent that is as great as something previously mentioned or implied. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun. For example, it might be used to say 'so great a crowd' or 'so much money.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G2037

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-kee-roo-KEV-eh-tai

Translations: he sends a herald, he sends an embassy, he negotiates, he parleys

Notes: This verb describes the action of sending a herald or an ambassador, typically for the purpose of negotiation, parley, or making a proclamation. It implies a formal communication or diplomatic overture between parties. In the given form, it is a third-person singular present middle/passive indicative, meaning 'he/she/it is sending a herald' or 'he/she/it is being sent as a herald' or 'he/she/it is negotiating'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and κηρυκεύομαι (kērykeuomai, 'to act as a herald, to negotiate'). The latter is derived from κῆρυξ (kēryx, 'herald').

G2532, G3778

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-ee-TOOS

Translations: and these, and those

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and', and the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. In this form, 'τοὺς' is the masculine accusative plural of 'οὗτος', so the phrase means 'and these' or 'and those' (referring to masculine plural objects). It is used to connect a previous statement or noun phrase with a new one, emphasizing the inclusion of the subsequent items.

Inflection: Compound of 'καί' (conjunction) and 'τοὺς' (masculine, Accusative, Plural of 'οὗτος')

G0546

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-pei-LON

Translations: threatening, one who threatens, to threaten

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ἀπειλέω', meaning 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. As a participle, it can function adjectivally (describing someone who is threatening) or adverbially (indicating the manner or circumstance of an action, e.g., 'while threatening'). It conveys the idea of expressing an intention to inflict harm or punishment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ἈΠΕΙΛΗ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from') and a root related to 'to drive away' or 'to ward off'. It originally conveyed the idea of driving someone away through threats.

G3089

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LY-see-ahn

Translations: release, a release, deliverance, a deliverance, freedom, a freedom, redemption, a redemption

Notes: This word refers to a 'release' or 'deliverance'. It can be used to describe the act of setting free, a solution to a problem, or a state of freedom. In this form, it is the singular accusative case, meaning it would typically be the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'release' or 'deliverance' itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΙΣ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΛΥΣΙΣ comes from the verb λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose, untie, release'. It describes the action or result of that verb.

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-KHO-ray

Translations: he was withdrawing, he was departing, he was going back, he was retiring

Notes: This word describes the action of withdrawing, departing, or going back, often implying a movement away from a place or situation. It is used to indicate a continuous or repeated action in the past, such as someone consistently retreating or leaving.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ὙΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, back') and χωρέω (chōréō, 'to make room, go, proceed'). It literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room by going back'.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-plah-GAYSS

Translations: astonished, amazed, struck with amazement, utterly astounded

Notes: This word describes being utterly astonished, amazed, or struck with great wonder, often to the point of being overwhelmed or dumbfounded. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something surprising or extraordinary. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of astonishment or the manner in which an action is performed due to astonishment.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and πλήσσω (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. The compound verb literally means 'to strike down' or 'to strike completely', evolving to mean 'to strike with amazement' or 'to overwhelm'.

G0555

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ekh-RAY-sen

Translations: it was sufficient, it was enough, it sufficed

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb ἀποχράω (apochraō), meaning 'to be sufficient' or 'to suffice'. It is often used impersonally, indicating that something was enough or adequate for a particular purpose or person. In the provided examples, it is used with 'οὐκ' (not) to mean 'it was not sufficient' or 'it was not enough'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΩ, ΙΚΑΝΟΩ

G0251

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-loh-NAI

Translations: to be captured, to be taken, to be caught, to be conquered

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'ἁλίσκομαι' (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. It describes the state of being seized or overcome, often in a military context, such as a city being captured, or a person being caught. It can also refer to being caught in a trap or snare.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai) is an ancient Greek verb with a complex etymology, often linked to the concept of 'taking' or 'capturing'. It is related to the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose', but functions as its passive voice in many contexts.

G1997

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-sy-LEK-sas

Translations: having gathered together, having collected, having assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'episyllegō', meaning 'to gather together' or 'to collect'. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, in addition) and 'syllegō' (to gather, to collect). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often indicating the result or preceding action to the main verb in a sentence. For example, 'having gathered his forces, he attacked'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ (syllegō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect'. ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ itself comes from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to pick up' or 'to gather'.

G4820

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-bal-OHN

Translations: having met, having engaged, having contributed, having conferred, having joined battle

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συμβάλλω' (symballō), which is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It generally means 'to throw together', 'to bring together', 'to meet', 'to encounter', 'to engage in battle', 'to contribute', or 'to confer'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb, often translated as 'having met' or 'having engaged'. It can be used to describe someone who has joined forces, encountered an opponent, or contributed to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G494

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-PAH-troo

Translations: (of) Antipater

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Antipater'. Antipater was a common name in the ancient world, notably borne by several historical figures, including the father of Herod the Great. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Antipater's' or 'belonging to Antipater'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, "against, instead of") and πατήρ (patēr, "father"). It literally means "instead of the father" or "like the father."

G0493

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-pa-tros

Translations: Antipas, Antipater

Notes: This is a masculine proper noun, referring to a personal name. It was a common name in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, borne by several historical figures, including a son of Herod the Great (Herod Antipas). It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Greek origin, meaning 'like the father' or 'instead of the father'. It is a compound word derived from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'like', and 'πατήρ' (patēr), meaning 'father'.

G0717

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-ra-BOHN

Translations: pledge, a pledge, earnest, a down payment, security

Notes: This word refers to a pledge, a down payment, or earnest money given as security for a future transaction or as a guarantee that a promise will be fulfilled. It signifies a part of a payment or a gift that confirms a larger, future payment or gift. It is often used in the context of a binding agreement or a promise of something to come.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἘΓΓΥΗ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ἈΡΡΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: This word is of Semitic (Hebrew or Phoenician) origin, likely from the Hebrew word 'ʿērābôn' (עֵרָבוֹן), meaning 'pledge' or 'security'. It entered Greek through trade and cultural exchange.

G0851, G3329

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fai-re-THEN-tes-me-TEH-feh-ron

Translations: having been taken away, they were transferring; having been removed, they were carrying over

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the concatenation of two verbs: the aorist passive participle of ἀφαιρέω (aphairéō), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove', and the imperfect active indicative of μεταφέρω (metaphérō), meaning 'to transfer' or 'to carry over'. The combined meaning indicates that a group of people, having been removed or taken away from something, were in the process of transferring or carrying something else. The first part describes a completed action that precedes the ongoing action of the second part.

Inflection: First part: Aorist Passive Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine. Second part: Imperfect Active Indicative, Third Person Plural.

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΕΝΤΕΣ, ΜΕΤΕΤΙΘΟΥΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1904, G2064, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle, Article

Sounds like: ep-ee-OHN-tayn

Translations: going upon, coming upon, advancing upon, the one going upon, the one coming upon

Notes: This word is a compound form. It appears to be a combination of the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi, 'upon, to'), the present active participle of 'εἶμι' (eimi, 'to go'), and the definite article 'τήν' (tēn, 'the', accusative feminine singular). The form 'ἐπιών' means 'going upon' or 'coming upon'. When combined with 'τήν', it likely refers to 'the one going upon' or 'the one coming upon', often implying an advance or attack. It describes an action of movement towards something or someone, often with a purpose.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular (for ἐπιών); Definite Article, Feminine, Accusative, Singular (for τήν). The combination suggests 'the one (masculine) who is going/coming upon (feminine accusative object)'. However, given the context, it's highly probable that 'ἘΠΙΩΝΤΗΝ' is a misspelling or a scribal error for 'ἘΠΙΟΝΤΑ ΤΗΝ' (accusative masculine participle + accusative feminine article) or 'ἘΠΙΟΝΤΙ ΤΗΝ' (dative masculine participle + accusative feminine article), or even 'ἘΠΙΟΝΤΕΣ ΤΗΝ' (nominative plural masculine participle + accusative feminine article). It is most likely a garbled form of 'ἐπιόντα' (accusative masculine singular participle of 'ἐπειμι') followed by 'τήν' (the accusative feminine singular article), which would mean 'the one coming upon the (feminine noun)'.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'ἐπειμι' (epeimi) is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epi, 'upon, to') and 'εἶμι' (eimi, 'to go'). 'Εἶμι' is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to go' or 'to come', derived from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to go'. The article 'τήν' (tēn) is from the demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ' (ho).

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-FEV-goo-sin

Translations: they flee for refuge, they take refuge, they escape, they resort

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to flee down, to flee for refuge, or to take refuge. It implies seeking safety or protection by fleeing to a specific place or person. It is often used to describe people escaping danger or seeking shelter.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, "down, against") and φεύγω (pheugō, "to flee").

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DI-kha-do-REH-ohn

Translations: dividing gifts, distributing gifts, a divider of gifts, a distributor of gifts

Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from 'δῖχα' (dicha), meaning 'in two' or 'apart', and 'δωρεά' (dorea), meaning 'gift' or 'bounty'. It describes someone or something that divides or distributes gifts. It is a very rare or possibly unique compound, not commonly found in ancient Greek texts. It could refer to a person who separates or allocates gifts among recipients.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1348

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-loh-GEE-ah-ees

Translations: (to) a justification, (to) justifications, (to) a defense, (to) defenses, (to) an excuse, (to) excuses

Notes: This word refers to a justification, a defense, or an excuse. It is a compound word formed from 'δίκαιος' (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just', and 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason'. It is used to describe the act or process of providing reasons or arguments to prove something right or to explain away a fault. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition indicating direction or purpose, or function as the indirect object of a verb.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khro-MEH-noy

Translations: using, employing, dealing with, having dealings with, those using, those employing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in using or dealing with something. It can refer to people who are accustomed to something or who are in the habit of doing something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From an assumed root *χρα-, meaning 'to handle, to use'.

G2755

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teen-tee-boh-LOON

Translations: they were entreating, they were imploring, they were supplicating, they kept entreating, they kept imploring, they kept supplicating

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀντιβολέω (antiboleō, 'to meet, to entreat'). It means to earnestly entreat, implore, or supplicate someone, often with a sense of urgency or persistence. It describes an action of repeatedly or continuously pleading with someone.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΙΚΕΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κατααντιβολέω is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἀντιβολέω (antiboleō), which means 'to meet' or 'to entreat'. The latter part is derived from ἀντί (anti, 'opposite, against') and βάλλω (ballō, 'to throw').

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-SEE-sai

Translations: to hate

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'miseō', meaning 'to hate'. It describes the action of having a strong dislike or aversion towards someone or something. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to hate', often used to express purpose or as the subject or object of another verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΕΩ, ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word μισέω (miseō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be angry' or 'to be hostile'.

G2609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-GAYN

Translations: to bring down, to lead down, to put ashore, to land, to bring back, to put in

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΚΑΤΑΓΩ. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (down, against) and the verb ἄγω (to lead, to bring). It generally means to bring or lead something or someone downwards, or specifically to bring a ship to land, to put ashore, or to land. It can also mean to bring back or restore.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The verb ΚΑΤΑΓΩ is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G4337

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: pros-AY-kon-tah

Translations: fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate, becoming, due, what is fitting, what is proper, those who are fitting, those who are proper, relatives, kin, kinsfolk

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'prosēkō', meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to belong to'. As an adjective, it describes something that is appropriate, suitable, or proper. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it can refer to 'what is fitting' or, in the plural, 'those who are fitting' or 'relatives'/'kinsfolk' (those who belong to one's family). It implies a sense of obligation or natural connection.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word προσήκω (prosēkō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come' or 'to have arrived'. Together, they convey the idea of 'having come to' or 'belonging to', which then extends to 'being fitting' or 'appropriate'.

G5302

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoos-teh-REH-ee

Translations: to lack, to be deficient, to fall short, to be in need, to be inferior, to be behind

Notes: This verb means to be behind, to lack something, to be deficient in a quality or quantity, or to fall short of a standard. It can be used to describe a state of need or insufficiency. It can be used both transitively (lacking something specific) and intransitively (being generally deficient).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΕΝΔΕΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: From ὕστερος (husteros), meaning 'later, behind, inferior'. The verb form indicates a state of being behind or lacking.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-POY-thohss

Translations: having trusted, trusting, confident, having been persuaded, persuaded

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having trusted' or 'being confident'. It describes someone who has placed their trust or confidence in something or someone, and as a result, is in a state of being persuaded or confident. It is often used to describe a settled state of conviction or reliance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩΝ, ΘΑΡΡΩΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ

G1431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-roh-doh-KEE-ah

Translations: bribery, a bribery, receiving gifts, corruption

Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to the act of receiving gifts or bribes, often in a corrupt or illicit manner. It describes the practice of accepting something of value in exchange for an improper action or decision. It is used to denote corruption, particularly in official or public contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΛΗΨΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΔΟΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the Greek words δῶρον (dōron), meaning 'gift', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'. It literally means 'gift-receiving', but in a negative, corrupt sense.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EN-teh

Translations: to provide, to furnish, to offer, to cause, to present, to give, to show, to afford, to grant

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ΠΑΡΈΧΩ, which means 'to provide' or 'to offer'. It is used to describe the act of supplying something, presenting oneself, or causing something to happen. The form ΠΑΡΗΝΤΕ appears to be a misspelling or an unusual inflection, possibly a variant of a past tense or participle form, or a scribal error for a word like ΠΑΡΈΝΤΕ (aorist participle) or ΠΑΡΉΝ (imperfect). In the provided context, it seems to convey the idea of someone presenting or furnishing themselves.

Inflection: Uncertain inflection, possibly a misspelling or variant of a past tense or participle form. It could be a variant of a third person plural form or a participle.

Synonyms: ΔΊΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΊΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΈΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΈΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΆ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΈΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold alongside' or 'to have beside', which evolved into the meaning 'to provide' or 'to offer'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-on

Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing

Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).

G2885

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: keh-kos-MAY-kōs

Translations: having adorned, having decorated, having arranged, having put in order

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to adorn' or 'to arrange'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. It functions adjectivally, describing someone or something that has completed the action of adorning or arranging.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΑΛΛΩΠΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΕΚΑΛΛΥΝΘΕΙΣ

G0095, G1161

Part of Speech: Participle, Particle

Sounds like: ah-dox-AY-sas-DEH

Translations: having been dishonored, having lost reputation, but, and, moreover

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the aorist active participle of the verb ἀδοξέω (adoxeō) and the postpositive particle δέ (de). The participle ἀδοξήσας means 'having been dishonored' or 'having lost reputation'. The particle δέ is a common conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences, often translated as 'but', 'and', or 'moreover', and it always appears after the first word of the clause it introduces.

Inflection: Participle: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular; Particle: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΑΣΘΕΙΣ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΚΑΙ

G5342

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: FEH-rohn

Translations: bearing, carrying, bringing, enduring, leading, one who bears, one who carries, one who brings

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΦΕΡΩ' (phero). It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can mean 'bearing,' 'carrying,' 'bringing,' 'enduring,' or 'leading.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing how an action is performed. For example, it can describe 'the one who is carrying' or 'while carrying.'

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G1398

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-LEH-oo-een

Translations: to serve, to be a slave, to obey, to be subject

Notes: This word means to serve, especially in the sense of being a slave or bondservant. It implies a state of subjection or obedience to a master or a cause. It can be used to describe serving God, serving a person, or even being enslaved to sin or a principle. It is often used in the context of a master-slave relationship, but can also refer to general service or devotion.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ

G5532

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHREH-yah-ees

Translations: needs, necessities, uses, services, wants, (to) needs, (to) necessities, (to) uses, (to) services, (to) wants

Notes: This word refers to a need, necessity, or a specific use or service. It can describe something that is required or useful. In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the recipient or circumstance of an action, often translated with "to" or "for" or simply as the plural noun in context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

G5011

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tah-peh-noh-TEH-ron

Translations: lower, more lowly, more humble, a lower thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'tapeinoteron', meaning 'lower' or 'more humble'. It describes something that is less elevated in position, status, or humility compared to something else. It can be used to describe a physical location that is lower or a person or thing that is of lesser importance or status.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΚΑΤΩΤΕΡΟΣ

G2203

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: DEE-os

Translations: (of) Zeus, (of) Jupiter

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Zeus'. Zeus was the supreme deity in Greek mythology, the king of the gods, and ruler of Mount Olympus. In English, it is often equated with the Roman god Jupiter. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'ΔΙΟΣ' typically translates to 'of Zeus' or 'belonging to Zeus'. It can be used to describe something associated with Zeus, such as 'the temple of Zeus' or 'the day of Zeus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Zeus' (ΖΕΥΣ) is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sky' or 'day', reflecting his role as a sky god.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0023

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-gah-NAK-tay-sas

Translations: being indignant, having been indignant, being greatly displeased, having been greatly displeased, being vexed, having been vexed

Notes: This word describes someone who is feeling or has felt strong indignation, displeasure, or vexation. It implies a sense of being greatly annoyed or angry about something, often due to a perceived injustice or offense. It is used to describe the state or action of someone who has become indignant.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΣΘΕΙΣ, ΛΥΠΗΘΕΙΣ

G2428

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hee-keh-TEH-oo-on-TON

Translations: of those imploring, of those supplicating, of those entreating, of those begging

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine/neuter present active participle of the verb 'ικετεύω' (hiketeuō), meaning 'to implore, supplicate, or entreat'. It describes the action of someone making an earnest appeal or humble request. In this form, it refers to 'those who are imploring' or 'of those who are supplicating'. It is often used to describe people in a position of seeking help or mercy.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΑΙΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G3588, G5037

Part of Speech: Article, Conjunction

Sounds like: TANE-teh

Translations: the and, and the

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the definite article ΤΗΝ (the, accusative feminine singular) and the enclitic particle ΤΕ (and). It functions to connect two elements, often implying 'both... and...' or simply 'and'. When used with another 'τε' or 'και', it can emphasize a pair of items, but it can also simply serve as a connective 'and' for the following noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine (for ΤΗΝ); Does not inflect (for ΤΕ)

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ

G1896

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-deh

Translations: you looked upon, he looked upon, you saw, he saw, you regarded, he regarded

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to look upon,' 'to see,' or 'to regard.' It is often used to describe God's attention or favor towards someone or something, implying a watchful or caring gaze. It can also simply mean to observe or perceive. The form provided is an aorist active indicative, which describes a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 2nd Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: par-eh-LAHV-nohn

Translations: passing by, riding by, marching past, driving past, reviewing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'passing by' or 'marching past'. It describes an action of moving alongside or past something, often in a procession, parade, or military context. It can refer to people, troops, or even chariots or horses moving past a point or object.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΛΑΥΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΕΛΑΥΝΩ (elaunō), meaning 'to drive', 'to march', or 'to ride'.

G4656

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: skoo-thoh-PO-lin

Translations: Scythopolis

Notes: Scythopolis was an ancient city in the Decapolis region, located in what is now northern Israel. It was originally known as Beth Shean. The name 'Scythopolis' means 'City of the Scythians,' suggesting a historical connection to Scythian mercenaries or settlers. It is a compound word formed from 'Σκύθης' (Scythian) and 'πόλις' (city).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Scythopolis' is derived from the Greek words 'Σκύθης' (Skúthēs), meaning 'Scythian,' and 'πόλις' (pólis), meaning 'city.' It refers to the city formerly known as Beth Shean, which was renamed during the Hellenistic period, possibly due to the settlement of Scythian mercenaries there.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G3319

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: meh-soh-GEY-on

Translations: inland, interior, middle land, a middle land, a land in the middle

Notes: This word refers to land that is away from the coast, or the interior of a country or region. It can be used as a noun to denote such a region, or as an adjective to describe something as being 'inland' or 'middle-land'. It is often used in geographical descriptions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΟΝ is a compound word derived from μέσος (MESOS), meaning 'middle' or 'midst', and γῆ (GE), meaning 'earth' or 'land'. Thus, it literally means 'middle land' or 'land in the middle'.

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-bee-NOHN-tohn

Translations: (of) going up, (of) ascending, (of) coming up, (of) rising

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'ἀναβαίνω' (anabainō), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes the action of multiple subjects who are in the process of going up or ascending. It is often used to indicate movement upwards, such as climbing a mountain, entering a city located on higher ground, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to step' or 'to go'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-pe-FEF-geh-nai

Translations: to have fled together, to have taken refuge together, to have escaped together

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix συν- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape.' Therefore, it means 'to flee together,' 'to take refuge together,' or 'to escape together.' It describes an action where multiple individuals have collectively sought safety or escaped from a situation.

Inflection: Perfect Infinitive, Active Voice

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape.'

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2076, G5432

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ES-tin-FROO-ri-on

Translations: is a fortress, is a stronghold, is a garrison

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the verb 'is' (ἘΣΤΙΝ) and the noun 'fortress' or 'stronghold' (ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ). It means 'is a fortress' or 'is a stronghold'. It functions as a predicate nominative, describing something as being a fortress.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative (for ἘΣΤΙΝ); Singular, Nominative, Neuter (for ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ)

Synonyms: ΕἸΜΙ, ΟΥ̓ΣΙΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ, ὈΧΥΡΩΜΑ

G3849

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAH-noo

Translations: very, exceedingly, altogether, quite, entirely, completely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. It conveys a sense of completeness or high degree, similar to 'very' or 'exceedingly' in English. It can be used to emphasize the extent or quality of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: From the root ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It developed into an adverb indicating 'altogether' or 'completely'.

G1829

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ex-ays-kay-MEH-non

Translations: of those who have been trained, of those who have been exercised, of those who have been practiced, of those who have been disciplined

Notes: This word is the genitive plural, perfect passive participle of the verb ἐξασκέω (exaskeo). It describes a state of having been thoroughly trained, exercised, or disciplined. It refers to a group of people or things that have undergone such a process, indicating their proficiency or readiness due to prior preparation.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΥΜΝΑΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΕΠΑΙΔΕΥΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἐξασκέω (exaskeo) is a compound of ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ἀσκέω (askeo), meaning 'to work raw material', 'to practice', or 'to train'. It implies a thorough or complete training process.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ROOS

Translations: (of) mountain, (of) a mountain, (of) hill, (of) a hill

Notes: ὈΡΟΥΣ is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun ὈΡΟΣ, which means 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated as 'of a mountain' or 'from a mountain'. It can refer to a literal elevated landmass or be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a natural elevation of the earth's surface.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to go down, to come down, to descend

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Therefore, it means 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It is used to describe movement from a higher place to a lower one, whether literally (e.g., descending a mountain) or figuratively (e.g., coming down from heaven).

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. ΒΑΙΝΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hor-may-kah-LOO-meh-noh

Translations: Hormekaloumenō

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a name or a descriptive epithet, possibly referring to a person or entity. It is a compound word, but its exact meaning as a proper noun is not immediately clear from its components. It is not a common word found in standard Koine Greek lexicons, suggesting it might be a rare or unique usage, possibly a misspelling, or a specific term within a particular text.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: This word is a compound, but its specific etymology as a proper noun is not readily available in standard sources. It combines elements that mean 'impulse' (ΟΡΜΗ) and 'called' (ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩ), but its overall origin as a name is obscure.

G1204

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: des-po-tee-KO-teh-ron

Translations: more despotic, more lordly, more tyrannical, a more despotic thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'despotic', meaning 'more despotic' or 'more lordly'. It describes something that is more characteristic of a master or ruler, often implying a sense of absolute authority or even tyranny. It can be used to describe actions, attitudes, or systems that exhibit a greater degree of control or dominance.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΤΥΡΑΝΝΙΚΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΚΥΡΙΩΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΣΠΟΤΙΚΟΣ (despotikos) comes from ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ (despotēs), meaning 'master' or 'lord'. The suffix -ΙΚΟΣ forms an adjective meaning 'pertaining to' or 'characteristic of'. The suffix -ΤΕΡΟΝ indicates the comparative degree.

G1224

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-kin-dy-NEV-ein

Translations: to risk, to run a risk, to be in danger, to venture, to hazard

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly') and κινδυνεύω (kindyneuō, meaning 'to be in danger' or 'to risk'). It means to run a risk, to be in danger, or to venture thoroughly. It implies undertaking something with significant peril or hazard. It can be used in contexts where someone is taking a bold or dangerous action.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΟΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ (kindyneuō), meaning 'to be in danger' or 'to risk'. ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ itself comes from ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ (kindynos), meaning 'danger' or 'peril'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5219

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pah-KOO-sai

Translations: to obey, to listen, to hearken, to give ear

Notes: This word means to obey, to listen attentively, or to give ear to someone or something. It implies a readiness to respond to what is heard, often leading to compliance or submission. It is used in contexts where one is called to heed instructions or commands.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under”) and ἀκούω (akoúō, “to hear”). It literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen from below', implying submission or attentiveness.

G2529

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kath-eh-OH-rah

Translations: he saw, he perceived, he observed, he looked down

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative active form of the verb καθοράω (kathoraō). It means 'he saw,' 'he perceived,' or 'he observed.' It describes an action of looking down upon something or perceiving something clearly, often with a sense of understanding or discernment. It is used to indicate that someone has taken notice of or understood a situation or object.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΙΔΕΝ, ΕΘΕΑΣΑΤΟ, ΕΝΟΗΣΕΝ

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G3740

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: or-rho-DOON

Translations: they were afraid, they were terrified, they were in dread, they feared

Notes: This word describes a state of being afraid, terrified, or in dread. It is used to indicate that a group of people were experiencing fear or apprehension. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They were afraid of the approaching storm.'

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΠΤΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ὈΡΡΩΔΕΩ (orrhōdeō) is likely derived from the prefix ὀρ- (or-), intensifying the sense of dread, and ῥωδέω (rhōdeō), which means 'to be afraid' or 'to shrink from'.

G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-AY-noon

Translations: they were advising, they were exhorting, they were urging, they were admonishing

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παραινέω' (parainéō). It means 'to advise', 'to exhort', 'to urge', or 'to admonish'. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Thus, 'they were advising' or 'they kept on advising' are appropriate translations.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

G4649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skep-TES-thai

Translations: to look, to examine, to consider, to observe, to contemplate, to inspect, to visit, to take heed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to look at, examine, or consider something carefully. It can also mean to observe, contemplate, or inspect. In some contexts, it can mean to visit someone, especially to care for them, or to take heed of something. It implies a thoughtful and deliberate act of looking or considering.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb σκεπω (skepō), meaning 'to look about, to spy'. It is related to words involving looking, watching, and considering.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G0427

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-noo-pos-TAH-ton

Translations: unbearable, intolerable, unendurable, insupportable, a thing unbearable

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be endured or tolerated. It signifies a state of being insupportable or overwhelming, often referring to a burden, a situation, or a force that is too great to withstand. It is used to describe things that are beyond one's capacity to bear.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΦΟΡΗΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΥΠΟΣΤΑΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the word ὑποστατός (hypostatos), meaning 'standing under' or 'supportable'. Thus, it literally means 'not supportable' or 'unbearable'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G3982

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: peess-THEYS

Translations: having been persuaded, having been convinced, having obeyed, having trusted

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has undergone the process of being persuaded or convinced. It can also imply having obeyed or trusted, as a result of being persuaded. It functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind, to tie, to persuade, to believe'. It is related to concepts of trust, faith, and obedience.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEY-sin

Translations: go down, descend, come down, return

Notes: This word means to go down, descend, or come down from a higher place to a lower one. It can also imply returning to a place, especially if that place is considered 'down' from the current location. It is often used to describe movement from a city to the coast, or from a mountain to a plain.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΙΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to go' or 'to come'.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khein

Translations: to rule, to govern, to lead, to begin, to be first

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΡΧΩ'. It means 'to rule' or 'to govern', indicating the act of exercising authority or leadership over someone or something. It can also mean 'to begin' or 'to be first', referring to the initiation of an action or being in a primary position. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, or as the subject or object of another verb.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the noun ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, origin, rule, authority'. The verb thus relates to both the concept of starting something and holding a position of power.

G626

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-loh-gee-THEIS

Translations: having made a defense, having defended oneself, having spoken in defense

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apologeomai', meaning 'to make a defense' or 'to speak in defense'. It describes someone who has already performed the action of defending themselves or making an apology (in the sense of a formal defense, not an admission of guilt). It is often used in legal or formal contexts where someone is presenting their case or justification.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G2042

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-roo-mah

Translations: fortress, a fortress, stronghold, a stronghold, defense, a defense, protection, a protection

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a defense. It can also denote protection or a barrier. It is used to describe physical structures that offer security or a means of defense against attack.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἐρύω (eryō), meaning 'to draw, to pull, to protect, to guard'. The noun form refers to that which is drawn around for protection or defense.

G4291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ka-loo-MEH-noo

Translations: challenging, provoking, inviting, summoning, calling forth, defying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'prokaleō'. It describes an action of challenging, provoking, or inviting someone to a contest, battle, or discussion. It can also mean to summon or call forth. In a sentence, it would describe someone who is actively doing the challenging or inviting.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΚΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word προκαλέω is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. Thus, it literally means 'to call forth' or 'to call before'.

G1256

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-lekh-THEYS

Translations: having spoken, having conversed, having discussed, having reasoned, having preached

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'διαλέγομαι' (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse' or 'to discuss'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has engaged in a conversation, discussion, or reasoned discourse.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΗΣΑΣ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΗΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word διαλέγομαι (dialegomai) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and λέγομαι (legomai), the passive voice of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak through' or 'to speak across', implying a back-and-forth conversation or discussion.

G0549

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEY-sin

Translations: goes away, departs, withdraws, returns

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'εἶμι' (eimi), meaning 'to go'. It describes the action of moving away from a place or person, indicating departure or withdrawal. It can be used in various contexts to signify someone leaving or going back.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπεῖμι is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb εἶμι (eimi), meaning 'to go'. It signifies movement away from a point.

G2967, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: koh-LYOO-on-tos-TOO

Translations: (of) hindering, (of) preventing, (of) forbidding, (of) the one hindering, (of) the one preventing

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the present active participle of the verb ΚΩΛΥΩ (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent,' and the genitive singular masculine/neuter definite article ΤΟΥ (tou), meaning 'of the' or 'of him/it.' Together, it means 'of the one hindering' or 'of hindering.' It describes an action of prevention or prohibition, often used in a genitive absolute construction to indicate a circumstance or condition.

Inflection: ΚΩΛΥΟΝΤΟΣ: Present Active Participle, Genitive Singular, Masculine or Neuter. ΤΟΥ: Definite Article, Genitive Singular, Masculine or Neuter.

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΩΛΥΜΑ

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-soss

Translations: middle, midst, among, between, a middle, a midst

Notes: This word describes something that is in the middle, in the midst of, or between other things. It can refer to a physical location, a period of time, or a state of being. For example, it can be used to say 'in the middle of the road' or 'in the midst of the crowd'. It can also be used to describe someone who is 'neutral' or 'impartial' in a dispute.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΝ, ΕΝΔΙΑΜΕΣΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'medius' and English 'mid' or 'middle'.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dos

Translations: of hope, of a hope

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'hope'. It refers to an expectation, a confident anticipation, or a trust in something. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, hence 'of hope' or 'belonging to hope'. It is commonly used to express the concept of having or lacking hope.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'Ἐλπίς' (elpis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hope, to expect'. It is related to the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G2718

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TAY-ee

Translations: he was coming down, he was going down, he was descending

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'κατέρχομαι' (katerchomai), meaning 'to come down' or 'to go down'. It describes an action of moving downwards, such as descending from a higher place to a lower one, or returning from a journey. It is used to indicate a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΒΑΙΝΕ, ΚΑΤΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κατέρχομαι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1488

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ohs-dy-so-PAY-sohn

Translations: about to put to shame, about to make ashamed, about to cause to blush, about to make to feel reverence, about to make to feel awe

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the conjunction "ὡς" (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'as if' or 'about to') and the future active participle of the verb "δυσσωπέω" (dysōpeō). The verb "δυσσωπέω" means to put to shame, to make ashamed, or to cause someone to feel reverence or awe. As a future active participle, "ΩΣΔΥΣΩΠΗΣΩΝ" indicates an action that is about to happen, specifically 'about to put to shame' or 'about to make someone feel awe/reverence'. It describes someone who is on the verge of performing this action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Future, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-pine

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit

Notes: This word means to give permission or to allow something to happen. It can also mean to entrust or commit something to someone's care. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or responsibility is assigned.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') + τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). The sense evolved from 'to turn over to' to 'to permit' or 'to entrust'.

G0305, G1519

Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bahy-nen-AYS

Translations: he was going up into, he was ascending to, he was going up to

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the verb 'ἈΝΕΒΑΙΝΕΝ' (anebainen), meaning 'he was going up' or 'he was ascending', and the preposition 'ΕἸΣ' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to'. The phrase describes an action of moving upwards and entering or reaching a destination. It is used to indicate movement towards a place or a state.

Inflection: ἈΝΕΒΑΙΝΕΝ: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative; ΕἸΣ: Does not inflect (preposition)

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

G4290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ka-ta-LOO-eh-in

Translations: to lodge beforehand, to take up lodging in advance, to take lodging first

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to take up lodging or to stay somewhere in advance of an event or another person. It combines the prefixes πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'in front of') and κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') with the verb λύω (lyo, meaning 'to loose' or 'to release', but in this context, related to 'to unyoke' or 'to unharness' a beast of burden, implying a stop for rest). Thus, it refers to stopping and lodging somewhere ahead of time.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΞΕΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro, 'before'), the prefix κατά (kata, 'down'), and the verb λύω (lyo, 'to loose, to unharness'). The combination suggests unharnessing or settling down in a place beforehand.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOK-sy-en

Translations: it might seem, it might appear, it might be thought, it might be decided

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to think'. It is used to express what seems to be the case or what one thinks. The form 'δοξειεν' specifically indicates a potential or hypothetical action, suggesting something that 'might seem' or 'might appear' to be true, often in a deliberative or uncertain context.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- 'to take, accept, receive'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to seem, to appear, to think', often implying a subjective perception or opinion.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G1839

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-IS-tas-thai

Translations: to stand out, to be amazed, to be astonished, to be beside oneself, to be out of one's mind, to depart, to remove, to give up, to yield

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb ἐξίστημι. It generally means 'to stand out' or 'to remove oneself from a place or state'. Depending on the context, it can convey the idea of being amazed or astonished, to the point of being 'beside oneself' or 'out of one's mind'. It can also mean to depart from a place or to yield/give up something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phroo-REE-ohn

Translations: of a fortress, of a garrison, of a guard-post, of a stronghold, of a prison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, garrison, or stronghold. It can also refer to a guard-post or a prison. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relation to multiple such fortified places.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch', which itself is derived from φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-lew-en

Translations: was commanding, commanded, was ordering, ordered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was commanding them to go' or 'He ordered them repeatedly'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ἘΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello, 'to drive, urge'). It has been in use since ancient Greek times to denote the act of commanding or urging someone to do something.

G3852

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-rang-GEL-ma

Translations: command, a command, instruction, an instruction, precept, a precept, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to a command, instruction, or precept, often implying an official or authoritative directive. It is a compound word formed from παρά (para, "beside, from") and ἀγγέλλω (angellō, "to announce, report"). It is used to describe a specific order or rule that is given to be followed.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb παραγγέλλω (parangellō), meaning 'to command, instruct,' which is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, from') and ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce, report').

G5433

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-RAR-khon

Translations: of garrison commanders, of commanders of a garrison

Notes: This word refers to the commanders or officers in charge of a garrison or military post. It is a compound word formed from 'φρουρά' (phroura), meaning 'guard' or 'garrison', and 'ἄρχων' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'commander'. It is used to denote those who hold authority over a military detachment stationed in a particular place.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΑΡΧΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: φρουρά (phroura), meaning 'a guard, garrison', and ἄρχων (archon), meaning 'a ruler, commander'. It describes someone who commands a guard or garrison.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G3980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pay-THAR-kane

Translations: to obey, to be obedient, to submit to authority

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to obey or to be obedient, particularly to authority. It describes the act of complying with commands or submitting to the will of another, often in a context of governance, law, or moral obligation. It is formed from two parts: the verb 'πείθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey', and the noun 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'authority'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

G0845

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-toh-GRAH-foys

Translations: to/for/by/with self-written, to/for/by/with autograph, to/for/by/with handwritten

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'self-written' or 'autograph'. It describes something that is written by one's own hand, rather than by a scribe or another person. It is used to indicate the personal authorship or creation of a document or text. For example, it could refer to a letter written by the sender themselves.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (AUTOS), meaning 'self', and ΓΡΑΦΩ (GRAPHŌ), meaning 'to write'. It literally means 'self-written'.

G0318

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-nahg-KAH-zen

Translations: he was compelling, he was forcing, he was urging, he was pressing, he was constraining

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀναγκάζω. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'he was compelling,' 'he was forcing,' or 'he was urging.' It implies applying pressure or necessity to someone to do something. For example, 'He was forcing them to go.'

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

G1633

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-kho-REH-in

Translations: to yield, to give way, to withdraw, to depart, to concede

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to yield' or 'to give way'. It describes the action of moving aside, retreating, or conceding a position or argument. It can be used in contexts where someone is forced to withdraw or willingly steps aside for another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕἸΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to go', 'to make room', or 'to advance'. Thus, it literally means 'to go out of the way' or 'to make room from'.

G3903

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-es-keh-YOO-ah-zeh-toh

Translations: was being prepared, was preparing himself, was preparing itself

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'παρασκευάζω' (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to get ready'. In this form, it indicates an action that was ongoing in the past, specifically that someone or something was in the process of being prepared, or was preparing themselves/itself. It is often used to describe preparations for a journey, battle, or any significant event.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DIH-doo

Translations: he was giving, she was giving, it was giving, they were giving, he gave, she gave, it gave, they gave

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted or in progress. It can be translated as 'was giving' or simply 'gave' depending on the context, emphasizing the continuous or habitual nature of the action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular or Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ

G3904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-skey-A-ees

Translations: preparations, provisions, equipment, supplies, resources

Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing or making ready, or the things that are prepared, such as provisions, equipment, or resources. It can be used in a general sense for any kind of preparation, or more specifically for military preparations or supplies. In some contexts, it can also refer to the day of preparation before the Sabbath, or Friday.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΕΦΟΔΙΑ, ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΙΑ

G2112, G2036, G846

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb, Pronoun

Sounds like: YOO-theh-ohs-I-PEH-toh

Translations: immediately he said it, immediately he said to him, immediately he said to her, immediately he said to it

Notes: This appears to be a compound of three words written together: the adverb ΕΥ̓ΘΕΩΣ (eutheōs), meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'; the aorist active indicative third person singular form ΕἾΠΕ (eipe) of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'he/she/it said'; and the enclitic pronoun ΤΟ (to), which is the neuter accusative singular form of ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos), meaning 'it' or 'him/her/it' (when used as a dative 'to him/her/it'). Thus, the phrase means 'immediately he/she/it said it' or 'immediately he/she/it said to him/her/it'. This is a common way for words to be written together in ancient texts, especially in uncial manuscripts.

Inflection: ΕΥ̓ΘΕΩΣ: Does not inflect; ΕἾΠΕ: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular; ΤΟ: Accusative or Dative, Singular, Neuter

G4330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ep-er-ROH-sen

Translations: strengthened, confirmed, made firm, made strong, reinforced

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and περρόω (perrhoō, 'to strengthen, make firm'). It means to strengthen further, to confirm, or to make something more firm or robust. It describes an action that adds force or stability to something already in motion or established. It is often used in a context where an existing effort or resolve is given additional support or impetus.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΣΕΝ, ΕΒΕΒΑΙΩΣΕΝ, ΕΚΡΑΤΥΝΕΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb περρόω (perrhoō), meaning 'to strengthen, make firm'. The latter part is related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi), 'to strengthen, make strong'.

G0032

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ang-gel-THEYS

Translations: having been announced, having been reported, having been told, having been brought news

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been announced' or 'having been reported'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, and the subject of the participle is the one who received the announcement or report. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can indicate cause, time, or circumstance.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angellō) comes from the Greek root ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger' or 'one who brings a message'. The verb form thus means 'to act as a messenger' or 'to bring a message'.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pam-PO-loon

Translations: very much, a great deal, very many, a great many

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'very much' or 'very many'. It is used to emphasize the quantity or degree of something, similar to how 'a great deal' or 'a great many' is used in English. It can modify nouns to indicate a large amount or number.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΕΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΜΠΟΛΥΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΠΑΝ- (pan-), meaning 'all' or 'very', and ΠΟΛΥΣ (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. This combination intensifies the meaning of 'much' or 'many' to 'very much' or 'very many'.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-TEM-non-tes

Translations: cutting short, shortening, abridging, making brief, summarizing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'cutting short' or 'abridging'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to indicate the act of making something briefer, whether it's a speech, a journey, or a process. For example, one might 'cut short' a discussion or 'abridge' a story.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΜΝΩ, ΚΟΛΟΒΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΕΜΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΤΕΜΝΩ (temno), meaning 'to cut'. Thus, it literally means 'to cut upon' or 'to cut short'.

G1571

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-DAK-roo-on

Translations: to weep aloud, to burst into tears, to cry out

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'δακρύω' (to weep). It means to weep aloud, to burst into tears, or to cry out with tears. It describes an intense or sudden outpouring of tears, often indicating a strong emotional reaction. It can be used in various tenses and moods to describe the act of weeping.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΑΚΡΥΩ, ΚΛΑΙΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΔΑΚΡΥΩ is a compound of the preposition 'ἐκ' (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb 'δακρύω' (meaning 'to weep' or 'to shed tears'). The prefix 'ἐκ' intensifies the action of weeping, suggesting a complete or outward expression of tears.

G5563

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-oh

Translations: to a place, in a place, to a field, in a field, to a piece of land, in a piece of land

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'χωρίον' (chōrion), meaning 'place,' 'field,' or 'piece of land.' It indicates the location 'to' or 'in' which an action occurs, or 'at' a certain place. It is often used to refer to specific plots of ground or areas.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'χωρίον' (chōrion) is a diminutive of 'χῶρος' (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space.' It refers to a smaller, more specific area or plot of land.

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

G1909, G4700

Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition

Sounds like: ay-PEY-geh-toh-PROSS

Translations: was hastening towards, was pressing on to, was hurrying to

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb 'ἨΠΕΙΓΕΤΟ' (ēpeigetō), meaning 'was hastening' or 'was pressing on', and the preposition 'ΠΡΟΣ' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards'. Together, it describes an action of moving quickly or urgently in the direction of something. It indicates a past, continuous action of hurrying towards a destination.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular (for ἨΠΕΙΓΕΤΟ); Does not inflect (for ΠΡΟΣ)

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

G2198

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-fo-don

Translations: attack, assault, approach, a visit, an incursion, a going to

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, to) and 'ὁδός' (way, road). It refers to a going to or an approach, often with the connotation of an attack or assault, especially in a military context. It can also mean a visit or an incursion. It is used to describe the act of moving towards something or someone, often with a specific purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ΕΠΙΔΡΟΜΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔφοδος (ephodos), from ἐπί (epi, “upon, to”) + ὁδός (hodos, “way, road”).

G713, G2426

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ah-ris-TOH-boo-los, ee-KEH-tays

Translations: Aristobulus, a suppliant, a petitioner

Notes: This appears to be a compound word formed by concatenating two distinct words: 'Ἀριστόβουλος' (Aristobulus), which is a proper name, and 'ἱκέτης' (hiketes), meaning 'suppliant' or 'petitioner'. It is highly probable that this is a transcription error or a typo where two words that should be separate have been joined together. If it were a single word, it would mean 'Aristobulus the suppliant' or 'Aristobulus, a suppliant'.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for both parts)

G537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every', often referring to a totality or the entirety of something. In its neuter plural form, as seen here, it frequently translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate that every single part or member of a group is included.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'intensive', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality of 'all'.

G4172, G2075

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: POH-leh-ohss, eh-pee-TREH-pine

Translations: of a city, of a town, to permit, to allow, to entrust, to give permission

Notes: This appears to be a compound of two separate Koine Greek words concatenated without a space: 'ΠΟΛΕΩΣ' (poleōs) and 'ἘΠΙΤΡΕΠΕΙΝ' (epitrepein). 'ΠΟΛΕΩΣ' is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city' or 'town'. 'ἘΠΙΤΡΕΠΕΙΝ' is the present active infinitive of the verb 'ἐπιτρέπω', meaning 'to permit', 'to allow', or 'to entrust'. Therefore, the combined phrase would mean 'to permit/allow/entrust of a city' or 'to permit/allow/entrust a city'. This construction suggests an action related to granting authority or permission concerning a city.

Inflection: ΠΟΛΕΩΣ: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; ἘΠΙΤΡΕΠΕΙΝ: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΣΤΕΩΣ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G5467

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kha-le-PAI-non-ta

Translations: being angry, being furious, being difficult, being hard, being grievous, being troublesome

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'chalepainō'. It describes someone or something that is experiencing or causing difficulty, anger, or trouble. It can be used to describe a person who is enraged or a situation that is hard to bear or deal with. In the provided context, it describes Caesar as 'being angry' or 'being furious'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΥΜΟΟΜΑΙ

G2687

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STEL-lee

Translations: he suppresses, she suppresses, it suppresses, he restrains, she restrains, it restrains, he calms, she calms, it calms, he puts down, she puts down, it puts down

Notes: This word means to suppress, restrain, or calm something or someone. It implies bringing down or putting an end to a disturbance, uprising, or strong emotion. It can be used in contexts where one is trying to quiet a crowd, put down a rebellion, or calm a person's agitated state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLO), meaning 'to send' or 'to set in order'. The compound verb thus means 'to send down' or 'to set down', leading to the sense of suppressing or restraining.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: oo-MEEN

Translations: certainly not, by no means, surely not, no indeed

Notes: This word is a strong negative particle, a compound of οὐ (ou, 'not') and μήν (mēn, 'indeed' or 'truly'). It is used to express a very emphatic denial or strong negation, meaning 'certainly not' or 'by no means'. It is often used in responses to questions or to strongly contradict a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΩΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΜΗΝ is a compound of the negative particle οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the emphatic particle μήν (mēn), meaning 'indeed' or 'truly'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3670

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: oh-moh-loh-gee-MEH-nohn

Translations: of things agreed upon, of things confessed, of things acknowledged, of things promised

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been agreed upon' or 'having been confessed'. It is used to refer to things that have been established, acknowledged, or promised. In the provided examples, it refers to 'things agreed upon' or 'things promised' that were not fulfilled.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΕΘΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΕΔΟΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1603

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-PEM-fth-en-tah

Translations: sent out, dispatched, those sent out, the ones dispatched

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been sent out' or 'those who were sent out'. It describes someone or something that has been sent forth or dispatched by another. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates a completed action that was performed upon the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempō), meaning 'to send'. Thus, it literally means 'to send out'.

G5426, G3761