2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ox-YOO-nen

Translations: provoked, angered, exasperated, incited

Notes: This word describes the act of provoking, angering, or exasperating someone. It implies a strong emotional reaction, often leading to irritation or indignation. It is used to describe an action that incites a negative response in another, such as a person provoking God or others.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΓΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παροξύνω (paroxúnō, “to sharpen, to incite, to irritate”), from παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + ὀξύνω (oxúnō, “to sharpen”), from ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp”).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4887

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-day-SAH-sthai

Translations: to bind together, to tie up together, to join together, to conspire

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'δέω' (to bind). It means to bind or tie things together, or to unite them. In a figurative sense, it can also mean to conspire or enter into a covenant together. It describes an action of bringing multiple elements into a unified or constrained state.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΔΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΔΕΩ (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. Its etymology reflects the action of bringing things together by binding.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G713, G2309

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Verb

Sounds like: ah-ris-TO-boo-los THEH-lohn

Translations: Aristobulus wanting, Aristobulus wishing

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or, more likely, a transcription error where two words, the proper noun 'Ἀριστόβουλος' (Aristobulus) and the participle 'θέλων' (wanting/wishing), have been incorrectly joined together without a space. 'Ἀριστόβουλος' is a masculine proper noun, a common name in ancient Greece. 'Θέλων' is the masculine singular nominative present active participle of the verb 'θέλω', meaning 'to wish' or 'to want'. Therefore, the combined form would mean 'Aristobulus wanting' or 'Aristobulus wishing'. It describes Aristobulus as being in the act of wanting or wishing something.

Inflection: ἈΡΙΣΤΟΒΟΥΛΟΣ: Singular, Nominative, Masculine; ΘΕΛΩΝ: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G1024

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-PEM-peh-tai

Translations: is sent through, is dispatched, sends word, is sent away, sends through, dispatches

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. In the middle or passive voice, it means to be sent through, to be dispatched, or to send word. It describes the action of sending something or someone from one place to another, often implying a journey or a message being conveyed.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-dzein

Translations: to save, to deliver, to preserve, to make whole, to heal

Notes: This word means to save, deliver, preserve, or make whole. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger, preservation of life, or healing from illness. In a spiritual context, it often refers to salvation from sin and its consequences, leading to eternal life.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΩΖΩ (sōzō) comes from the ancient Greek root *σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe' or 'sound'. It is related to the concept of wholeness and well-being.

G3903

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-es-ke-VAS-thai

Translations: to have been prepared, to be ready, to be equipped, to be made ready

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'παρασκευάζω' (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated with 'to have been' or 'to be' followed by the past participle. It indicates a state of being prepared or ready as a result of a past action. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para, 'beside, by') and 'σκευάζω' (skeuazō, 'to prepare, to equip').

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G2892

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KTEI-neen

Translations: to kill, to slay, to murder

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κτείνω' (kteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the action of causing death to someone or something. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to kill' and can be used as a noun (e.g., 'the act of killing') or to complete the meaning of another verb (e.g., 'he wanted to kill').

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to strike, to kill'. It is related to other Greek words involving striking or cutting.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4816

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-lah-LEH-oh

Translations: to speak with, to converse, to talk together

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek verb "συλλαλέω" (syllaleō), which means "to speak with" or "to converse." It is a compound word formed from "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and "λαλέω" (laleō), meaning "to speak." It describes the act of two or more people engaging in conversation or dialogue. For example, one might say "they conversed together about the matter."

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΙΛΕΩ

G1060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gah-MAH-sthai

Translations: to be married, to marry, to take a wife, to give in marriage

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'γαμέω' (gameō), meaning 'to marry' or 'to be married'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to marry' or 'to be married' depending on the context and voice. In the passive voice, as seen here, it specifically means 'to be married' or 'to be given in marriage'. It describes the act of entering into a marital union.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'γαμέω' (gameō) comes from the noun 'γάμος' (gamos), meaning 'marriage' or 'wedding'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to union or joining.

G4704

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: spoo-DAH-zoo-sah

Translations: being diligent, showing diligence, being eager, making haste, striving, being zealous

Notes: This word describes someone who is diligent, eager, or zealous in their actions. It implies a sense of urgency, earnestness, or carefulness in carrying out a task or pursuing a goal. It can be used to describe someone who is making haste or striving to achieve something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0667

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-POR-ray-tah

Translations: unspeakable, secret, forbidden, inexpressible, secret things, forbidden things

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as unspeakable, secret, or forbidden. It is often used in the neuter plural form, as in this case, to refer to 'secret things' or 'forbidden things' that cannot or should not be spoken. It implies a sense of mystery, sacredness, or prohibition.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΡΗΤΟΣ, ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΡΡΗΤΟΣ is a compound of the prefix ἈΠΟ- (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΡΗΤΟΣ (rhetos), meaning 'spoken' or 'said'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is spoken away from' or 'that which is not to be spoken'.

G1229

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ang-GEL-loy

Translations: they would announce, they would declare, they would proclaim, they would report, they would make known

Notes: This word means to announce, declare, proclaim, or report something, often publicly or widely. It implies making information known to a broader audience. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-toh-NEKH-thron

Translations: self-hostile, hostile to oneself, an enemy to oneself

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'αὐτός' (self) and 'ἐχθρός' (enemy/hostile). It describes something or someone that is hostile to itself or an enemy to its own interests. It can be used to describe actions, policies, or individuals that are self-destructive or work against their own well-being.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and ἐχθρός (echthros), meaning 'enemy' or 'hostile'. It literally means 'self-enemy' or 'self-hostile'.

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G2366

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-EL-lah

Translations: storm, a storm, tempest, a tempest, whirlwind, a whirlwind

Notes: This word refers to a violent storm, tempest, or whirlwind. It describes a powerful and often destructive atmospheric disturbance, characterized by strong winds and often rain, hail, or snow. It is used to convey a sense of overwhelming force or chaos, often in a metaphorical sense as well.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΙΛΑΨ, ΧΕΙΜΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of θύελλα is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to θύω (thyo), meaning 'to rush, to rage, to sacrifice'.

G5492, G3588

Part of Speech: Participle, Article

Sounds like: khee-mah-zo-MEH-noos-TOOS

Translations: the ones being storm-tossed, the ones being distressed, the ones being troubled

Notes: This is a compound of two words: the participle ΧΕΙΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ (cheimazomenous) and the definite article ΤΟΥΣ (tous). ΧΕΙΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ means 'being storm-tossed' or 'being distressed', derived from the verb ΧΕΙΜΑΖΩ (cheimazo). ΤΟΥΣ is the accusative masculine plural form of the definite article 'the'. When combined, it refers to 'the ones who are being storm-tossed' or 'the ones who are being distressed'. It describes a group of people or things experiencing severe trouble or a metaphorical storm.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΛΥΔΩΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MAY-noo-sen

Translations: he reported, she reported, it reported, he announced, she announced, it announced, he disclosed, she disclosed, it disclosed, he made known, she made known, it made known

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb μηνύω (menýō). It means 'to report,' 'to announce,' 'to disclose,' or 'to make known.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that someone (he, she, or it) conveyed information or revealed something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word μηνύω (menýō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μῆνις (mēnis), meaning 'wrath' or 'divine anger,' suggesting an original sense of 'to make known (divine wrath).' However, this connection is not definitively established.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-nos

Translations: and that one, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'καί' (and) and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (that one, he, she, it). It means 'and that one' or 'and he/she/it', often used to refer back to a previously mentioned person or thing, or to introduce another person or thing in a similar context. It functions as a pronoun with an added conjunctive sense.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Masculine

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G1195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: des-MEI-men

Translations: having been bound, bound, imprisoned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle of the verb 'δεσμεύω' (desmeuō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to imprison'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes someone or something that has been in a state of being bound or imprisoned. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating a completed action that resulted in a state of being bound.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΠΕΔΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'δεσμεύω' (desmeuō) comes from 'δεσμός' (desmos), meaning 'a bond' or 'a chain', which itself is derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5036

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: ta-KHOOS

Translations: of speed, of swiftness, quickly, swiftly, with speed

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective ΤΑΧΥΣ, meaning 'swift' or 'quick'. When used in the genitive case, it often functions adverbially, indicating the manner of an action, specifically 'with speed' or 'quickly'. It can also refer to the quality of 'speed' or 'swiftness' itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΥΔΗ, ΤΑΧΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂g- (to touch, to take, to grasp). In Greek, it developed to refer to quickness or swiftness, possibly related to the idea of quick movement or action.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-oh-LOO-mee-on

Translations: scroll, a scroll, volume, a volume, book, a book

Notes: This word is a direct transliteration of the Latin word 'volumen'. It refers to a scroll or a roll of papyrus or parchment, which was the common form of a book in ancient times. It can also refer to a volume or a section of a larger work. It is used to denote written material, similar to how we use 'book' or 'volume' today.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΤΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΟΛΟΥΜΝΙΟΝ is a direct transliteration into Koine Greek from the Latin word 'volumen', meaning 'a roll' or 'a scroll'. This Latin word itself comes from the verb 'volvere', meaning 'to roll'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4765

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-toh-peh-DAR-kheen

Translations: commander of the camp, a commander of the camp, captain of the guard, a captain of the guard, chief captain, a chief captain

Notes: This word refers to a commander of a military camp or a chief officer of the Praetorian Guard, often translated as 'captain of the guard' or 'commander of the camp'. It is a compound word derived from 'army' (στρατός), 'camp' (πέδον, related to 'ground'), and 'ruler' (ἄρχω). It describes a high-ranking military official responsible for the administration and command of a military encampment or a specific unit, such as the Praetorian Guard.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ

G2532, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Article

Sounds like: KAI TONE

Translations: and of the, also of the, even of the

Notes: This word appears to be a compound of the conjunction 'ΚΑΙ' (kai), meaning 'and', 'also', or 'even', and the genitive plural definite article 'ΤΩΝ' (tōn), meaning 'of the' or 'of those'. Therefore, 'ΚΑΙΤΩΝ' would translate to 'and of the' or 'also of the'. It is likely a typographical error or a non-standard spelling where the two words 'ΚΑΙ' and 'ΤΩΝ' have been merged into one.

Inflection: ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect; ΤΩΝ: Genitive, Plural, All genders

G1449

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: eng-GRA-foos

Translations: written in, enrolled, recorded, inscribed

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'writing in' or 'enrolling'. When used as an adjective, it describes something that has been written in, enrolled, or recorded. It refers to things or people that are officially registered or documented.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΓΡΑΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb ΓΡΑΦΩ (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'to write in' or 'to inscribe'.

G3454

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAY-noo-sace

Translations: information, a disclosure, a report, an accusation, a revelation

Notes: This word refers to the act of making something known, disclosing information, or giving a report. It can also specifically mean an accusation or a revelation. It is used to describe the act of bringing hidden facts to light, often in a legal or official context.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΕΚΦΑΣΙΣ, ΔΗΛΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb μηνύω (mēnyō), meaning 'to disclose, reveal, make known'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5616

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-say

Translations: as, as if, as it were, about, approximately, like

Notes: The word 'ΩΣΕἸΣ' appears to be a misspelling or a rare, non-standard inflection of the Koine Greek adverb 'ΩΣΕΙ' (hosei). The standard form 'ΩΣΕΙ' means 'as', 'as if', 'about', or 'approximately'. It is used to indicate similarity, comparison, or an estimation of quantity or time. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'as if he were king' or 'about three hours'. The ending -ΕΙΣ is not a standard inflection for this adverb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Likely a misspelling of the uninflected adverb 'ΩΣΕΙ'.

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΠΕΡ

G4126

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: plev-SAN-tes

Translations: having sailed, sailing, who sailed, those who sailed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sail'. It describes an action of sailing that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning adjectivally to describe the subject performing the action. For example, it can mean 'those who have sailed' or 'having sailed'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΑΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΟΡΕΥΘΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΛΕΩ (pleō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to float' or 'to flow'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G3633, G1163

Part of Speech: Verb, Infinitive

Sounds like: OH-eh-toh-DEIN

Translations: he thought it necessary, he supposed it was necessary, he ought, he should

Notes: This is a compound verbal phrase combining the imperfect middle/passive third person singular of the verb 'οἴομαι' (to think, suppose) and the present active infinitive of the impersonal verb 'δεῖ' (it is necessary, one must). Together, it means 'he thought it necessary' or 'he supposed it was necessary'. It describes someone's past belief or judgment about what was required or proper.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular (from ΟἼΟΜΑΙ); Present, Active, Infinitive (from ΔΕΙ͂)

G0851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-feh-LEH-sthai

Translations: to take away, to remove, to deprive, to cut off, to take from

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'aphairéō', which means to take away, remove, or deprive. It is a compound verb formed from 'apó' (away from) and 'hairéō' (to take, seize). It is used to describe the act of removing something from someone or something, often implying a forceful or definitive action. It can also mean to cut off or to deprive someone of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἀφαιρέω (aphairéō) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apó), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb αἱρέω (hairéō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-GRA-fei

Translations: he writes back, he replies, he copies, he transcribes

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti, meaning 'against' or 'in return') and 'γράφω' (grapho, meaning 'to write'). It means to write back in response, to reply in writing, or to make a copy or transcription of something. It is used when someone sends a written communication in return to another or when someone duplicates a text.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΓΡΑΦΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TAS

Translations: appoint, set, establish, make, constitute, place, put, restore

Notes: This word means to set down, appoint, establish, or constitute. It is often used in the context of appointing someone to a position or establishing a rule or order. It can also mean to restore something to its proper place or condition. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, but it generally conveys the idea of placing or setting something firmly.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand, to set'). It literally means 'to set down' or 'to place firmly'.

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-eh-DREE-oo

Translations: of a council, of the Sanhedrin, of an assembly, of a court

Notes: This word refers to a council, assembly, or court, often specifically the Jewish high court, the Sanhedrin. It is used to denote a formal gathering of people for deliberation or judgment. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the supreme judicial and administrative body in Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, "with") and ἕδρα (hedra, "seat"). It literally means "sitting together" or "a joint session."

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-MO-nohn

Translations: of leaders, of rulers, of governors, of commanders

Notes: This word refers to those who lead, rule, or command. It is used to describe individuals in positions of authority, such as governors, military commanders, or heads of state. It is a genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of leaders' or 'belonging to rulers'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead, to guide, to think, to consider'.

G1917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-boo-LEEHN

Translations: plot, a plot, conspiracy, a conspiracy, ambush, an ambush, treachery, a treachery

Notes: This word refers to a deliberate plan or scheme, often with malicious intent, such as a plot, conspiracy, or treachery. It can also refer to an ambush. It is typically used in contexts where someone is devising a harmful plan against another.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΕΝΕΔΡΑ, ΣΥΝΩΜΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ (epiboulē) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. Thus, it literally means 'a plan against' or 'counsel against'.

G1758

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-E-khon-tai

Translations: they may be held, they may be entangled, they may be held liable, they may be subject to

Notes: This word means to be held, to be entangled, or to be held liable. It is used to describe a state where someone or something is caught, bound, or made subject to something, often with negative connotations of being trapped or incurring a penalty. It is a passive form, indicating that the subject is receiving the action.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb ἘΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3775, G1510

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: OH-sin

Translations: ears, (in) ears, they may be, they should be, they are

Notes: This word is a homograph, meaning it can represent two different words with distinct meanings and origins. It can be the dative plural of the noun ΟΥΣ (ous), meaning 'ear', often used in phrases like 'in the ears of'. Alternatively, it can be the third person plural present subjunctive of the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be', typically used in clauses expressing purpose or result, such as 'in order that they may be'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter (for 'ears'); Third Person, Plural, Present, Subjunctive (for 'to be')

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΗ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1011

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: veh-voo-LEH-oo-meh-noy

Translations: having been planned, having been decided, having been purposed, those who have been planned, those who have been decided, those who have been purposed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning it describes an action that has been completed and whose effect is still present, with the subject being the recipient of the action. It refers to something or someone that has been planned, decided, or purposed. It can be used to describe things that have been carefully considered or resolved.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΓΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ

G2849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LA-zayn

Translations: to punish, to chastise, to correct, to curb, to restrain

Notes: ΚΟΛΑΖΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΚΟΛΑΖΩ. It means to punish, chastise, or correct someone, often with the aim of improvement or restraint. It can be used in sentences to express the act of inflicting a penalty or discipline upon someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: From κόλαξ (kolax, "flatterer"), originally meaning to prune or curtail, then to chastise or punish. The root is related to the idea of cutting or lopping off, which evolved into the sense of restraining or punishing.

G3357

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-tree-OH-teh-ron

Translations: more moderate, more reasonable, more temperate, a more moderate thing

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'μέτριος' (metrios), meaning 'moderate' or 'reasonable'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of these qualities, thus meaning 'more moderate' or 'more reasonable'. It describes something that is less extreme, more balanced, or more restrained than something else. It can be used to describe a person's character, a decision, or a situation.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΣΤΕΡΟΝ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEY-theh-tai

Translations: he is persuaded, he obeys, he trusts, he yields, he submits

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be persuaded, to obey, or to trust. It describes the action of someone being convinced by another, or of submitting to authority or advice. It can also imply a sense of reliance or confidence in someone or something. It is often used in contexts where one person is influenced by or complies with another.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΕΙΚΩ

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: BAY-roo-ton

Translations: Beirut

Notes: Βηρυτόν (Bērytón) refers to the ancient city of Beirut, located in Phoenicia (modern-day Lebanon). It was a significant Roman colony and port city. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', indicating movement towards the city.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The name 'Beirut' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from the Canaanite word 'be'erot' meaning 'wells' or 'springs', referring to the city's abundant water supply.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-AY-geh

Translations: he was gathering, he was assembling, he was bringing together, he was collecting

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'συνάγω' (synago), meaning 'to gather together', 'to assemble', or 'to bring together'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that 'he/she/it was gathering' or 'was assembling' something or someone. It can also imply leading or bringing people together for a specific purpose, such as assembling a court or an army.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word 'συνάγω' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1340

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kas-TEE-ree-on

Translations: judgment seat, a judgment seat, tribunal, a tribunal, court, a court

Notes: This word refers to a place where legal judgments are made, such as a court of law or a tribunal. It is the location where a judge or judges preside to hear cases and render decisions. It can be used to describe any official place of judgment.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΗΜΑ, ΚΡΙΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ is derived from the verb δικάζω (dikazō), meaning 'to judge', and the suffix -τήριον (-tērion), which denotes a place or instrument. Thus, it literally means 'place of judging'.

G4259, G5037

Part of Speech: Verb, Conjunction

Sounds like: pro-ka-THEE-zoo-sin-TEH

Translations: they sit before, they sit in front, they preside, and they sit before, and they preside

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb 'προκαθίζω' (to sit before, to preside) and the enclitic conjunction 'τε' (and). The verb 'προκαθίζω' means to sit in front of, to sit before, or to preside over something. When combined with 'τε', it means 'and they sit before' or 'and they preside'. It describes an action of a group of people taking a seat in a prominent or authoritative position.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΕΔΡΕΥΩ

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-ge-MOH-nes

Translations: rulers, governors, leaders, commanders, a ruler, a governor, a leader, a commander

Notes: This word refers to those who hold a position of authority or leadership, such as a governor, a commander, or a chief. It is often used in the context of political or military leadership. It is the plural form of the noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ comes from the Greek verb ἥγημαι (hēgēmai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. It refers to one who leads or guides others.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar-os

Translations: of Caesar

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).

G2545

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KAH-ee-oy

Translations: burn, set on fire, be consumed, be inflamed

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'καίω' (kaiō), meaning 'to burn' or 'to set on fire'. It can describe something being consumed by fire or a strong emotion like anger or zeal. In the provided context, it appears to be a misspelling or a garbled form of 'δίκαιοι' (dikaioi), meaning 'righteous ones' or 'just ones', which is a common word in Koine Greek and fits the context of the example sentences much better. If it were 'καίω', it would refer to an action of burning.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΑΙΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to heat' or 'to glow'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-DAH-nee-on

Translations: foot-board, a foot-board, foot-stool, a foot-stool

Notes: This word refers to a foot-board or a foot-stool. It describes a piece of furniture or a part of a structure designed for resting one's feet. It would be used in a sentence to refer to such an object, for example, 'He sat on the chair and placed his feet on the foot-board.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word πεδάνιον (pedanion) is derived from the Greek word πέδη (pedē), meaning 'fetter' or 'foot-binding', which itself comes from πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'. The suffix -ανιον indicates a diminutive or a related object, thus 'something for the foot'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G2012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-TROH-poss

Translations: steward, a steward, guardian, a guardian, manager, a manager, administrator, an administrator, tutor, a tutor, agent, an agent, procurator, a procurator

Notes: This word refers to a person entrusted with the management of a household, property, or affairs, often on behalf of another. It can denote a steward, a guardian, or an administrator. In some contexts, it refers to a tutor or a procurator, someone who acts as an agent or representative. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'τροπός' (a turn, way, manner, from 'τρέπω' meaning to turn).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΡΟΠΟΣ is derived from the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun τροπός (tropos), meaning 'a turn' or 'way', which itself comes from the verb τρέπω (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally refers to one who 'turns over' or 'manages' affairs.

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: syng-ge-NEYS

Translations: related, kindred, kinsfolk, relatives, a relative, kinsmen, a kinsman

Notes: This word describes someone who is related by birth or family, indicating a familial connection. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'related' or 'kindred,' or more commonly as a noun to refer to 'relatives' or 'kinsfolk.' It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race, family, or kind,' emphasizing the shared origin or family tie.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: KAI-feh-ROH-ras

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It appears to be a garbled or badly misspelled word, or possibly a transliteration of a foreign name or term that is not standard Koine Greek. It could potentially be a compound of 'καὶ' (kai, meaning 'and') and 'φέρων' (pherōn, meaning 'bearing' or 'carrying'), but the ending '-ωρας' is highly irregular and does not correspond to any known Greek grammatical form or common word ending. Without further context or correction, its meaning remains obscure.

Inflection: Unknown

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2789

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kay-des-TEN

Translations: son-in-law, a son-in-law, relative by marriage, a relative by marriage

Notes: This word refers to a male relative by marriage, most commonly a son-in-law. It can also refer more broadly to any male relative connected through marriage, such as a brother-in-law or father-in-law, depending on the context. It is used to describe a person who has become part of one's family through the marriage of a child or sibling.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From κῆδος (kēdos, "care, concern, sorrow") and the suffix -στης (-stēs, forming agent nouns). It originally referred to someone with whom one shares a bond of care or sorrow, particularly through family ties established by marriage.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2192, G2264

Part of Speech: Verb, Proper Noun

Sounds like: EE-khen-hay-ROH-dees

Translations: Herod had, Herod was holding, Herod possessed

Notes: This appears to be a compound or concatenated form of two distinct Koine Greek words: ΕἸΧΕΝ (eichen), which is the imperfect active indicative third person singular of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'he/she/it had' or 'he/she/it was holding', and ΗΡΩΔΗΣ (Hērōdēs), which is the proper noun 'Herod'. Therefore, the combined form means 'Herod had' or 'Herod was holding'. It is not a standard single word in Koine Greek but rather a phrase written together, possibly due to a transcription error or a specific manuscript style.

Inflection: ΕἸΧΕΝ: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative. ΗΡΩΔΗΣ: Singular, Nominative, Masculine.

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proh-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: led forth, brought forth, brought forward, went before, preceded, advanced, caused to go forward

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from πρό (before, in front of) and ἄγω (to lead, to bring). It means to lead or bring someone or something forward, to go before, or to advance. It can be used in contexts where someone is brought into public view, led to a specific place, or precedes others in action or time.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAH-lah-proh-MAY-thohss

Translations: very providentially, very prudently, very thoughtfully, very cautiously

Notes: This word is a compound adverb, formed from the intensifying adverb 'μάλα' (mala, meaning 'very' or 'much') and the adverb 'προμηθῶς' (promēthōs, meaning 'providently' or 'prudently'). It describes an action done with great foresight, caution, or deliberation. It would be used to emphasize that something was done with extreme care and planning.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΥΠΡΟΜΗΘΩΣ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑΠΡΟΜΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: This is a compound adverb. It is formed from the adverb μάλα (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much', and the adverb προμηθῶς (promēthōs), which comes from the adjective προμηθής (promēthēs), meaning 'foreseeing' or 'prudent'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oph-THEN-tes

Translations: having been seen, appeared, those who appeared, they who were seen

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'horao', meaning 'to see'. It describes someone or something that has been seen or has appeared. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates an action completed in the past, with the subject of the participle being the one who was seen.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΝΤΕΣ, ΔΟΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-thay-SON-tai

Translations: they will be shown mercy, they will receive mercy, they will be pitied, they will obtain mercy

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they will be shown mercy' or 'they will receive mercy'. It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future, where the subjects of the verb are the recipients of mercy or pity from someone else. It is the future passive indicative form of the verb 'to have mercy' or 'to pity'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΗΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ

G3843

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAN-tohs

Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G3335

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-LAH-boy-en

Translations: they might partake, they might share, they might receive, they might take a share of

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (with, among) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive). It means to take a share of something, to partake in, or to receive. It implies sharing in an experience or receiving a portion of something. It is often used in contexts of sharing food, blessings, or experiences.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ

G0630, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: ah-po-ly-SEH-sthai-tas

Translations: to be released, to be dismissed, to be sent away, to be divorced, the, a

Notes: This appears to be a concatenation of two Koine Greek words: ἈΠΟΛΥΣΕΣΘΑΙ (apolysesthai) and ΤΑΣ (tas). ἈΠΟΛΥΣΕΣΘΑΙ is the future middle infinitive of the verb ἈΠΟΛΥΩ (apolyō), meaning 'to release, dismiss, send away, or divorce'. The middle voice suggests the action is performed by the subject on itself or for its own benefit. ΤΑΣ is the feminine plural accusative form of the definite article Ὁ (ho), meaning 'the' or 'a'. When combined, it would mean 'to be released the (feminine plural accusative objects)'. This is likely a transcription error or a non-standard concatenation.

Inflection: ἈΠΟΛΥΣΕΣΘΑΙ: Future, Middle, Infinitive; ΤΑΣ: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2525

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAS

Translations: having appointed, having established, having set, having stood, having been appointed, having been established, having been set, having been stood

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi), meaning 'to appoint,' 'to establish,' or 'to set.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective or adverb, often translated with 'having' (e.g., 'having appointed'). It can describe someone who has been put in a position of authority or who has established something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' The combination suggests the action of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3918

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-RON-tas

Translations: present, being present, those who are present, the ones present

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be present'. It describes someone or something that is currently in a particular place or situation. It is often used to refer to 'those who are present' or 'the present ones' in a given context, functioning almost like a noun. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He spoke to those who were present'.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΝΤΑΣ, ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ

G1224, G2723

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-TEH-neh-toh-kah-tay-go-REH-ee

Translations: he was stretching out and accusing, he was insisting and accusing, he was exerting himself and accusing

Notes: This is a compound word formed by two verbs joined together: 'διετεινετο' (from διατείνω) and 'κατηγορει' (from κατηγορέω). The first part, 'διετεινετο', means 'he was stretching out', 'he was insisting', or 'he was exerting himself'. The second part, 'κατηγορει', means 'he was accusing'. Together, the compound word describes someone who was actively and perhaps forcefully accusing or making a charge against someone, indicating a sustained or emphatic action of accusation.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular (for διετεινετο); Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular (for κατηγορει)

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G0639

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-ROO-meh-nos

Translations: being at a loss, being in doubt, being perplexed, being without resources, being in difficulty, being in need

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aporeō', meaning 'to be at a loss' or 'to be in doubt'. It describes someone who is in a state of perplexity, difficulty, or lacking resources. It can be used to describe a person who is unsure what to do or say, or who is facing a challenging situation without clear solutions or means.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ, ΑΠΟΡΟΣ

G1519, G0846

Part of Speech: Prepositional Phrase

Sounds like: ice-ow-TEN

Translations: into her, to her, for her, into it, to it, for it

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the feminine accusative singular form of the pronoun ΑΥ̓ΤΗΝ (autēn), meaning 'her' or 'it'. It indicates motion towards or a direction, often translated as 'into her', 'to her', or 'for her', depending on the context. It can also refer to an inanimate feminine noun, meaning 'into it' or 'to it'.

Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

G1651

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-LENG-khon

Translations: convicting, rebuking, reproving, exposing, showing, proving, a convicting, a rebuking, a reproving

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἘΛΕΓΧΩ'. It describes the action of someone who is convicting, rebuking, reproving, or exposing. It can be used to describe someone who is bringing to light a fault or proving something to be true. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'the one who rebukes' or 'he who exposes'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΤΙΜΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΕΓΧΩ comes from an ancient root meaning to 'put to the test' or 'to cross-examine'. It implies a process of scrutiny leading to conviction or proof.

G5196

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HY-brys

Translations: insolences, outrages, injuries, abuses, violences, contempts

Notes: This word refers to acts of insolence, outrage, or abusive treatment. It denotes a type of arrogant and overbearing behavior that often leads to injury or harm, whether physical or emotional. It can describe acts of violence, contempt, or a general disregard for others' rights or dignity. In a sentence, it would be used to describe multiple instances of such behavior.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΒΙΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

G3461

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: moo-ree-AS

Translations: myriad, a myriad, ten thousand, ten thousands, countless numbers

Notes: This word refers to a very large, indefinite number, often specifically ten thousand. It can be used to describe a vast quantity of something, such as people, animals, or things. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΙΛΙΑΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΥΡΙΑΣ (myrias) comes from the Greek word μύριος (myrios), meaning 'countless' or 'ten thousand'. It is related to the concept of an innumerable quantity.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-le-PO-te-ra

Translations: harsher, more difficult, more grievous, more severe, more troublesome, more dangerous

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'chalepos', meaning 'difficult' or 'harsh'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of difficulty, harshness, or severity. It can be used to describe things that are more troublesome, more grievous, or more dangerous than something else. For example, one might speak of 'more difficult tasks' or 'harsher punishments'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΤΕΡΑ, ΒΑΡΥΤΕΡΑ

G4892, G661

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: soo-NEH-droys ah-peh-PHEE-nen

Translations: to the councilors, to the members of the council, he declared, he showed, he made clear, he revealed

Notes: This appears to be two Koine Greek words concatenated without a space: 'ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΙΣ' and 'ἈΠΕΦΗΝΕΝ'. 'ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΙΣ' is a noun meaning 'councilors' or 'members of a council', in the dative plural case, indicating 'to' or 'for' these individuals. 'ἈΠΕΦΗΝΕΝ' is a verb meaning 'he declared', 'he showed', 'he made clear', or 'he revealed'. It is in the aorist active indicative tense, third person singular. Together, they would typically mean 'he declared to the councilors' or 'he showed to the members of the council'.

Inflection: ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΙΣ: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine; ἈΠΕΦΗΝΕΝ: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΑΙ, ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΙΝΩ

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-DEH-nos

Translations: of no one, of nothing, of any, of anything

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the pronoun/adjective 'μηδείς' (mēdeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to 'of no one' or 'of nothing' in English. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'no' or 'not any', agreeing in case, number, and gender with the noun it modifies. It is used in negative clauses, often following a negative particle like 'μή' (mē).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

G0483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-LEH-gon-tos

Translations: gainsaying, contradicting, speaking against, opposing, resisting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἀντιλέγω', meaning 'to speak against' or 'to contradict'. It describes someone who is actively gainsaying, opposing, or resisting. It is often used to describe verbal opposition or disagreement.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΑΝΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΤΙΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀντιλέγω (antilegō) is a compound of ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak against'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ow-toh-hah-LIS-koy-toh

Translations: he might be self-captured, he might be self-ensnared, he might be self-conquered

Notes: This is a compound verb, combining 'αὐτός' (autos, meaning 'self') and 'ἁλίσκομαι' (haliskomai, meaning 'to be captured, to be taken, to be conquered'). The word means 'to be captured by oneself' or 'to be self-ensnared'. It describes a situation where someone brings about their own downfall or capture, often through their own actions or circumstances. It is used in the context of someone being caught or overcome by their own doing.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Optative Mood, Middle/Passive Voice, Aorist Tense

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek pronoun αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self', and the verb ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. The verb ἁλίσκομαι is related to ἁλίσκω (halisko), which means 'to capture'.

G3528

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: nee-KOHN

Translations: conquering, overcoming, victorious, prevailing

Notes: ΝΙΚΩΝ is a present active participle derived from the verb ΝΙΚΑΩ, meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can mean 'one who is conquering' or 'while conquering'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Nominative/Accusative/Genitive/Dative (depending on context, as it is a common form for various cases and genders)

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΩΝ

G3588, G1106

Part of Speech: Article, Noun

Sounds like: TEN-gno-MEN

Translations: the opinion, an opinion, the judgment, a judgment, the purpose, a purpose, the mind, a mind, the counsel, a counsel, the decision, a decision

Notes: This word is a combination of the definite article 'ΤΗΝ' (the) and the noun 'ΓΝΩΜΗΝ' (opinion, judgment, purpose). The article 'ΤΗΝ' is feminine, singular, and accusative, agreeing with the noun 'ΓΝΩΜΗΝ', which is also feminine, singular, and accusative. Together, they mean 'the opinion' or 'the judgment'. It refers to a settled conviction, a decision, or a way of thinking. It can be used in sentences to express someone's view or determination.

Inflection: Article: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Noun: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The root word ΓΝΩΜΗ (gnōmē) comes from the Greek verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It refers to the faculty of knowing or the result of knowing, such as a judgment or opinion.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-too

Translations: of each, of every, of everyone, of each one

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective/pronoun 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual members of a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'of each man') or as a pronoun standing alone (e.g., 'of each one').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ (hekastos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *sek- meaning 'to cut' or 'to separate', implying 'each one separately'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tos

Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.

G2632, G3303

Part of Speech: Verb, Particle

Sounds like: kah-tah-KREE-nayn-men

Translations: to condemn, to judge, to pass sentence upon, indeed, on the one hand, truly

Notes: This is a compound word consisting of the verb 'κατακρίνειν' (katakrinein) and the particle 'μέν' (men). 'Κατακρίνειν' is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'κατακρίνω', meaning 'to condemn' or 'to pass sentence upon'. It is used to express a judgment of guilt or unworthiness. The particle 'μέν' is often used to introduce a clause that contrasts with a following clause (often marked by 'δέ'), or to emphasize a statement, meaning 'indeed' or 'on the one hand'. Together, 'κατακρίνειν μέν' would mean 'to condemn indeed' or 'to condemn on the one hand', setting up a contrast or emphasizing the act of condemnation.

Inflection: Infinitive (for κατακρίνειν), Does not inflect (for μέν)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ

G2301

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: THEM-ee-ton

Translations: lawful, right, proper, just, a lawful thing, a right thing

Notes: This word describes something that is lawful, right, or proper, especially in the sense of being permitted by divine or moral law. It refers to what is permissible or in accordance with established custom or divine will. It can be used to describe actions, situations, or things that are considered morally or legally acceptable.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word θέμις (themis), meaning 'that which is laid down', 'custom', 'law', or 'divine ordinance'. It refers to what is established by custom or divine law.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: par-es-TOH-tohn

Translations: of those standing by, of those present, of those standing near, of those standing beside, of those standing before

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi), meaning 'to stand by,' 'to be present,' 'to stand near,' or 'to present oneself.' As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are standing by' or 'those who are present,' indicating possession or relationship. It is often used to describe people who are observers or attendants in a given situation.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΩΝ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHEE-non-tai

Translations: they become, they happen, they come to pass, they are, they arise, they are made

Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a process of change or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or transitioning into a new state. It can also simply mean 'to be' in certain contexts, especially when referring to events or situations.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΟΜΑΙ

G3778, G2087

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toiss-EH-teh-roy

Translations: to these others, to these different ones

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by combining the dative plural of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (these/those) and the nominative masculine plural of the adjective 'ἕτερος' (other/different). It means 'to these others' or 'to these different ones'. It would be used in a sentence to refer to a group of 'others' or 'different ones' to whom something is being given or directed.

Inflection: Compound phrase: 'ΤΟΥΤΟΙΣ' is Dative, Plural, Masculine/Feminine/Neuter; 'ΕΤΕΡΟΙ' is Nominative, Plural, Masculine.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4659

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: skoo-THROH-pays

Translations: of sad countenance, of gloomy appearance, of a gloomy face, of a sad face

Notes: This word describes someone who has a sad, gloomy, or dejected appearance. It refers to the expression on a person's face, indicating a state of sorrow or displeasure. It is often used to describe someone who looks downcast or sullen.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'σκυθρός' (skythros), meaning 'sullen, gloomy', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'face, eye'. It literally means 'having a gloomy face'.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2632

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-kree-NOO-sin

Translations: condemn, pass judgment against, sentence, find guilty

Notes: This word means to condemn, to pass judgment against someone, or to find them guilty. It is often used in legal or moral contexts to indicate a negative verdict or a declaration of guilt. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'κρίνω' (krinō), meaning 'to judge'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ

G2850

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: koh-lah-KEH-oo-on-tes

Translations: flattering, fawning, pleasing, courting favor

Notes: This word describes the act of flattering or fawning over someone, often insincerely, to gain favor or advantage. It implies a servile or obsequious manner, seeking to please through excessive praise or attention. It is used to describe those who are engaged in such behavior.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΩΠΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From κόλαξ (kolax), meaning 'flatterer'. The verb form means 'to act as a flatterer'.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes

Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

G3349

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-TEH-oh-ross

Translations: lofty, high, suspended, in mid-air, anxious, in suspense, wavering, uncertain

Notes: This adjective describes something that is high up, suspended in the air, or elevated. It can also refer to a state of mind, meaning anxious, in suspense, or uncertain, as if one's thoughts are 'up in the air' or wavering. It is used to describe both physical position and mental state.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΨΗΛΟΣ, ΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΩΡΟΣ is a compound word derived from μετά (metá), meaning 'with, among, after', and ἀείρω (aeírō), meaning 'to lift, to raise'. Thus, it literally means 'lifted up with' or 'suspended in the air'.

G2453, G1510

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-kon-AYN

Translations: Jewish, Judean, was, were

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the adjective 'Ἰουδαϊκόν' (Ioudaïkon) and the verb 'ἦν' (ēn), which is the imperfect form of 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. The 'ν' at the end of 'Ἰουδαϊκόν' is elided before the 'η' of 'ἦν', indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark). The phrase therefore means 'it was Jewish' or 'it was Judean', referring to something that had the characteristic of being Jewish or belonging to Judea. 'Ἰουδαϊκόν' is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'Jewish' or 'Judean'.

Inflection: Ἰουδαϊκόν: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; ἦν: Singular, Third Person, Imperfect Indicative, Active

G1551

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-deh-KHO-meh-nohn

Translations: (of) waiting for, (of) expecting, (of) looking for, (of) awaiting

Notes: This is a present middle/passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'ekdechomai'. It is a compound word formed from 'ek' (out of, from) and 'dechomai' (to receive, to accept). The word generally means to wait for, expect, or look forward to something or someone. It implies a state of anticipation or readiness for an event or person.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G5282, G2071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAM-bah-nen ES-es-thai

Translations: was supposing would be, was thinking would be, was assuming would be

Notes: This is a compound verb phrase formed by the imperfect active indicative of ὑπολαμβάνω (hypolambanō), meaning 'to suppose' or 'to assume,' and the future infinitive of εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be.' Together, it means 'he/she/it was supposing/thinking/assuming that something would be' or 'was going to be.' It describes an ongoing past action of holding an expectation about a future state or event.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Active Indicative (ΥΠΕΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΝ) and Future Infinitive (ἘΣΕΣΘΑΙ)

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟἸΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G5047

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tek-nok-to-NEE-as

Translations: of child-murder, of infanticide

Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to the act of killing one's own child or children, or the murder of children in general. It is used to describe the crime or practice of infanticide. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relation, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΤΕΚΝΟΚΤΟΝΙΑ (teknoktonia) is a compound word derived from two Greek roots: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ (teknon), meaning 'child', and ΚΤΟΝΙΑ (ktonia), meaning 'killing' or 'murder'.

G5606

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: OH-mon

Translations: shoulder, a shoulder, raw, uncooked, savage, cruel

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'shoulder' or as an adjective meaning 'raw', 'uncooked', 'savage', or 'cruel'. As a noun, it refers to the part of the body where the arm joins the torso. As an adjective, it describes something in its natural, unrefined, or brutal state. The specific meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter (as a noun); Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΧΙΩΝ, ΑΚΡΩΜΙΟΝ

Etymology: The noun ὨΜΟΣ (ōmos) meaning 'shoulder' is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root. The adjective ὨΜΟΣ (ōmos) meaning 'raw' or 'savage' is also from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'raw' or 'bitter'. While spelled identically in Koine Greek, these are considered distinct words with different etymological paths.

G1227

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-PLEV-sas

Translations: having sailed through, having sailed across, having sailed over

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ΔΙΑΠΛΕΩ, meaning 'to sail through' or 'to sail across'. It describes an action of sailing that has been completed. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has performed the action of sailing through something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ

G2542

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kai-sa-REH-ee-an

Translations: Caesarea, to Caesarea, into Caesarea

Notes: This word refers to Caesarea, a significant ancient city located on the Mediterranean coast of Judea. It was built by Herod the Great and named in honor of Caesar Augustus. It served as the Roman capital of the province of Judea and was a major port city. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a place where Peter preached and where Paul was imprisoned.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Caesarea" is derived from the Roman imperial title "Caesar," honoring Caesar Augustus. It was a common practice for cities founded or significantly developed under Roman rule to be named after the emperor.

G0337, G3588

Part of Speech: Noun, Article

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-REH-seh-ohs-TOYS

Translations: of destruction to the, of murder to the, of abolition to the

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the genitive singular feminine form of the noun 'ἀναίρεσις' (anairesis), meaning 'destruction' or 'murder', and the dative plural masculine/neuter definite article 'τοῖς' (tois), meaning 'to the' or 'for the'. The phrase therefore means 'of destruction to the' or 'of murder to the'. It would be used to indicate that something belongs to or is related to the destruction, and that this destruction is directed towards or for a group of people or things.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; Article: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

G4649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-KEP-teh-toh

Translations: was considering, was examining, was looking at, was observing, was thinking, was pondering

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'skeptomai'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone 'was considering,' 'was examining,' or 'was observing' something. It implies a process of careful thought or scrutiny.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ (skeptomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *speḱ-, meaning 'to observe, to look'. It is related to the verb ΣΚΟΠΕΩ (skopeō), which also means 'to look at, to observe'.

G3820

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-LAI-os

Translations: old, ancient, former

Notes: This word describes something as old, ancient, or belonging to a former time. It is often used to refer to things that are worn out or obsolete due to age, but can also simply mean 'of long standing' or 'from a long time ago'. In the provided context, it is famously used in the phrase 'Ancient of Days' (Παλαιός Ἡμερῶν), referring to God.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the adverb πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago, formerly'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tays

Translations: soldier, a soldier

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is used to describe someone who serves in the military, often in a professional capacity. It can be used generally for any soldier or specifically for a Roman soldier in the New Testament context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΠΛΙΤΗΣ

Etymology: This word derives from the Greek word στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service'. It refers to one who belongs to or serves in an army.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-ohn

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being in possession of

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like a verbal adjective, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding something. It can be translated as 'having' or 'one who has', and often introduces a clause explaining what someone possesses or is doing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to possession, state, and action.

G4914

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soo-NAY-thay

Translations: accustomed, familiar, intimate, usual, customary, a familiar, an intimate

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is accustomed, familiar, or intimate. It can refer to a habit or custom that is common, or to a person who is a close friend or associate. For example, it might describe a usual practice or a familiar companion.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΗΜΟΣ, ΕΘΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: From σύν (syn), meaning 'with', and ἔθος (ethos), meaning 'custom' or 'habit'. It refers to something that is 'with custom' or 'in habit'.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-gah-PAY-koss

Translations: having loved, having cherished, having esteemed, having been fond of

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love' or 'to cherish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who has already performed the action of loving or cherishing. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, often translated as 'having loved' or 'one who has loved'. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, or to introduce a participial phrase.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ΣΤΈΡΓΩ

G5236

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-bo-LAYN

Translations: excess, abundance, surpassing, preeminence, exceedingly, beyond measure

Notes: This word refers to an excess, an abundance, or something that goes beyond the usual measure. It is often used to describe something that is outstanding, preeminent, or exceedingly great. In context, it can function adverbially to mean 'exceedingly' or 'beyond measure'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'βολή' (bole), meaning 'a throwing' or 'a cast'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΗ

G1611

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-FRON

Translations: out of one's mind, insane, astonished, amazed, beside oneself

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'out of one's mind' or 'bereft of reason'. It describes someone who is in a state of extreme astonishment, amazement, or even madness, to the point of being beside themselves. It can be used to describe a person's reaction to something overwhelming or shocking.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΞΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΦΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΦΡΩΝ is a compound of the preposition ἘΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the noun ΦΡΗΝ (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. Thus, it literally means 'out of mind'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GHEE-neh-toh

Translations: was happening, was becoming, was done, came to pass, occurred

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or in progress in the past. It can mean 'it was happening,' 'it was becoming,' 'it was done,' or 'it came to pass,' depending on the context. It emphasizes the process or state of something coming into being or occurring over a period of time.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G4023

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EE-ohn

Translations: going around, wandering about, going about, a going around, a wandering about

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'going around' or 'wandering about'. It describes an action of moving in a circular path or from place to place. It is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and a form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It can be used to describe someone who is moving from one place to another, often without a specific destination, or circulating within an area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word περιέρχομαι (perierchomai) is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4797

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-keh-KHOOS-thai

Translations: to be confused, to be confounded, to be mixed up, to be thrown into disorder

Notes: This is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb 'συγχεῖν' (sygchein), meaning 'to pour together', 'to mix up', or 'to confuse'. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be confused' or 'to have been confused', indicating a state of having been thrown into disorder or having one's thoughts muddled. It describes a completed action with ongoing results, often used to express a state of mental or social disarray.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΑΤΑΚΤΕΩ

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

G1073

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-MEIN

Translations: to be full, to be laden, to be filled, to be loaded

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'γεμίζω' (gemizo) or 'γέμω' (gemo), meaning 'to be full' or 'to be laden'. It describes a state of being completely filled with something, often used to indicate that a container or place is overflowing or heavily loaded. For example, one might say 'the ship is full of soldiers' or 'the treasury is full of money'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΥΝ, ΕΜΠΙΠΛΑΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gem- ('to take, to grasp'). In Koine Greek, it refers to being full or laden, often with a sense of being weighed down by the contents.

G3588, G0979

Part of Speech: Article, Noun

Sounds like: TON BEE-on

Translations: the life, a life

Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a typographical error for "ΤΟΝ ΒΙΟΝ" (ton bion), which is a compound of the definite article "ΤΟΝ" and the noun "ΒΙΟΝ". "ΤΟΝ" is the masculine singular accusative form of the article 'the', and "ΒΙΟΝ" is the masculine singular accusative form of the noun 'life'. Together, they mean 'the life' and are used when 'life' is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: fay-doh-MEH-noh

Translations: to one who spares, to one who shows mercy, to one who holds back, to one who refrains

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'φείδομαι' (pheídomai), meaning 'to spare' or 'to show mercy'. In this dative singular form, it refers to 'the one who spares' or 'the one who shows mercy', indicating the recipient of an action or the person to whom something is done. It describes an action of restraint or carefulness.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΓΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb 'φείδομαι' (pheídomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be careful' or 'to be sparing'.

G5258

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pah-GOR-eh-veh

Translations: dictated, suggested, prompted, inspired

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dictate,' 'to suggest,' or 'to prompt.' It implies giving instructions or ideas to someone, often in a way that influences their actions or words. It can also mean 'to inspire' or 'to whisper' something to someone. The form 'ΥΠΗΓΟΡΕΥΕ' is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΥΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΕΠΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word Ὑπαγορεύω (hypagoreuō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly,' and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to proclaim.' Thus, it literally means 'to speak secretly' or 'to speak from underneath,' leading to the sense of dictating or prompting.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-thos

Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tol-MAY-sas

Translations: daring, having dared, having been bold, having ventured, having presumed, having been courageous

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τολμάω', meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state of having dared. It can be used to describe someone who has taken a risk, acted courageously, or presumed to do something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-el-THAYN

Translations: to come to, to approach, to go to, to draw near, to appear before

Notes: ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive form of the verb προσέρχομαι (proserchomai), which is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It signifies the action of moving towards or approaching someone or something, often with the intention of interacting, presenting oneself, or engaging. It can be used in various contexts, such as approaching a person, a place, or even a concept like God or a king.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word προσέρχομαι is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, towards, with', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come, to go'. Its etymology reflects the directional movement implied by its meaning.

G2559

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-ko-dai-mo-NES-ta-tos

Translations: most unfortunate, most miserable, most ill-fated

Notes: This word is a superlative adjective meaning 'most unfortunate' or 'most miserable'. It describes someone who is in the worst possible state of misfortune or ill-fate. It is a compound word derived from 'bad' (κακός) and 'spirit/fate' (δαίμων), literally meaning 'having a bad spirit' or 'having a bad fate'. It is used to emphasize an extreme degree of wretchedness or bad luck.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΤΥΧΕΣΤΑΤΟΣ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΣ

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HOS-tis

Translations: whoever, whatever, whichever, anyone who, anything which, everyone who, everything which

Notes: This is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the relative pronoun ὅς (who, which) and the indefinite pronoun τις (anyone, someone). It is used to introduce a relative clause and conveys a sense of indefiniteness or generality, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It can refer to persons or things and is used when the antecedent is not specific or is unknown.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΠΕΡ

G5385, G3982

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: PHIL-tah-TON-PEY-thee

Translations: (of) the dearest ones, (of) the most beloved ones, you persuade, you obey, you trust

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or a concatenation of two distinct words: ΦΙΛΤΑΤΩΝ and ΠΕΙΘΗ. ΦΙΛΤΑΤΩΝ is the genitive plural of the superlative adjective 'φίλτατος' (philtatos), meaning 'dearest' or 'most beloved'. It refers to 'of the dearest ones' or 'of the most beloved ones'. ΠΕΙΘΗ is a form of the verb 'πείθω' (peitho), which can mean 'to persuade', 'to obey', or 'to trust'. In this form, it is likely the second person singular present active indicative, meaning 'you persuade', or the second person singular present middle/passive indicative, meaning 'you obey' or 'you trust'. The combination suggests a phrase like 'of the dearest ones, you persuade' or 'you obey the dearest ones'.

Inflection: ΦΙΛΤΑΤΩΝ: Plural, Genitive, All genders, Superlative Adjective. ΠΕΙΘΗ: Singular, Second Person, Present, Active Indicative (you persuade) or Middle/Passive Indicative (you obey/trust).

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΩΝ, ΕΥΠΕΙΘΗΣ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-nee-ro-TA-toys

Translations: most evil, most wicked, most malicious, to the most evil, to the most wicked, to the most malicious

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the adjective 'πονηρός' (ponēros), meaning 'evil,' 'wicked,' or 'malicious.' The ending '-τατοις' indicates that it is in the superlative degree, meaning 'most evil' or 'most wicked.' It describes a quality of being exceedingly bad or harmful. As a dative plural, it would typically function as an indirect object, indicating 'to' or 'for' the most evil ones, or as an instrument/means, indicating 'by' or 'with' the most evil ones, depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΣΤΟΙΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΑΤΟΙΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΣΤΑΤΟΙΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: feh-ROH-rah

Translations: Pheroras

Notes: Pheroras was the name of a historical figure, specifically the youngest brother of Herod the Great. He was a prominent figure in the Herodian dynasty and held significant political and military influence during his brother's reign. As a proper noun, it refers to this specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Pheroras is of Greek origin, likely a Hellenized form of a Semitic name, common for individuals in the region during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G2607, G4178

Part of Speech: Participle, Adverb

Sounds like: kah-tahg-NOOS-pol-LAH-kis

Translations: having condemned often, having judged often, having found guilty often

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the aorist active participle of the verb 'καταγιγνώσκω' (katagignosko), meaning 'to condemn' or 'to judge against', and the adverb 'πολλάκις' (pollakis), meaning 'often' or 'many times'. Together, it describes someone who has repeatedly condemned or judged someone or something. It would be used to describe an action that has occurred multiple times in the past.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular (for καταγνούς); Does not inflect (for πολλάκις)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΠΥΚΝΑ

G3588, G1103

Part of Speech: Article, Adjective

Sounds like: TON-gnay-SEE-ohn

Translations: of the genuine, of the true, of the legitimate, of the sincere, of the pure

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the genitive plural definite article 'ΤΩΝ' (the) and the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ' (genuine, true, legitimate, sincere, pure). It is used to indicate possession or origin, referring to something belonging to or coming from those who are genuine or true. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the rights of the genuine ones' or 'the teachings of the true disciples'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΩΝ, ΕΙΛΙΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-ree-KOP-ton-tes

Translations: cutting around, cutting off, amputating, circumcising

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'περικόπτω' (perikoptō). It describes an action of cutting around something, cutting it off, or severing it. In a literal sense, it can refer to amputation or circumcision. Figuratively, it can imply cutting off or removing something entirely. It is used to describe someone who is in the act of performing such an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

G1245

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-DOKH-ohn

Translations: of successors, of heirs, of those who follow

Notes: This word refers to those who follow in succession, such as heirs, successors to a throne or office, or those who come after in a sequence. It is used to describe a group of people who take the place of others.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΟΝΩΝ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'after', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'. It literally means 'one who receives in succession'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2641, G3441

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-tah-LEI-poo-see-MOH-noh

Translations: they leave to me alone, they abandon to me alone, they forsake to me alone

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the third-person plural present active indicative of the verb 'καταλείπω' (katalipo), meaning 'to leave behind, abandon, forsake,' combined with the dative singular masculine/neuter form of the adjective 'μόνος' (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only.' The combined meaning is 'they leave to me alone' or 'they abandon to me alone,' indicating that something is left exclusively to the speaker.

Inflection: Third-person plural, Present, Active, Indicative (for the verb part); Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (for the adjective part)

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-meh-tah-kheh-REE-rees-ton

Translations: easy to handle, manageable, pliable, tractable, easily managed, easily handled

Notes: This word describes something that is easy to manage, handle, or control. It implies a certain pliability or adaptability, making it simple to deal with or manipulate. It can be used to describe objects, situations, or even people who are cooperative.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΧΕΙΡΩΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΕΙΘΗΣ

Etymology: This is a compound word formed from three parts: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'easily'; μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after'; and χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. The suffix -ιστος (-istos) indicates an adjective of capability or possibility. Thus, it literally means 'well-handled' or 'easy to handle'.

G0138

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: hah-ee-ROO-meh-noy

Translations: choosing, taking, lifting, preferring, selecting, picking up, carrying away, removing, a choosing, a taking, a lifting, a preferring, a selecting, a picking up, a carrying away, a removing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō). In the middle voice, it means 'choosing for oneself' or 'preferring'. In the passive voice, it means 'being taken' or 'being chosen'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun while also carrying verbal force. For example, it could describe 'those who are choosing' or 'those who are being taken'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative or Vocative Case, Masculine Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΩ

G4649, G5105

Part of Speech: Verb, Particle

Sounds like: SKEP-sai-men-toi

Translations: we might consider, we might examine, we might reflect, we might look, surely we might consider, indeed we might examine

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb 'σκεπτόμαι' (skeptomai), meaning 'to look, consider, examine,' and the enclitic particle 'τοι' (toi), which adds emphasis or indicates a transition, often translated as 'surely,' 'indeed,' or 'then.' The verb form 'σκέψαιμεν' is the first person plural aorist optative of 'σκεπτόμαι,' expressing a potential or desired action in the past, often translated as 'we might consider' or 'we might examine.' The combined word suggests a strong emphasis on the act of considering or examining.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΗΣΑΙΜΕΝ, ΕΠΙΣΚΕΨΑΙΜΕΝ

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-noh

Translations: and that, and he, and she, and it, and those, and they, also that, also he, also she, also it, also those, also they

Notes: This word is a contraction (crasis) of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai, meaning 'and' or 'also') and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (ekeinos, meaning 'that one' or 'he/she/it'). It functions as 'and that one' or 'also that one', referring to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context. It can be used to connect clauses or phrases, emphasizing the addition of 'that' particular subject or object.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G3402

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-sos

Translations: hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to the strong feeling of intense dislike or ill will towards someone or something. It is often used to describe animosity or enmity. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, for example, 'their hatred' or 'he felt hatred'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑ, ΑΠΕΧΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΟΣ comes from the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EL-eh-ee

Translations: (to) mercy, (to) compassion, (to) pity, (to) a mercy, (to) a compassion, (to) a pity

Notes: This word refers to mercy, compassion, or pity. It is often used in a religious context to describe God's benevolent actions towards humanity. As a dative case, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟἸΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔλεος (eleos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to lament' or 'to feel pity'. It is a common term in the Septuagint and New Testament, reflecting a deep theological concept.

G3687

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-NOH-ma-zen

Translations: he was naming, she was naming, it was naming, he was calling, she was calling, it was calling

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'onomazo'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was naming' or 'he/she/it was calling'. It can be used to describe someone in the process of giving a name to something or someone, or referring to someone by a particular name.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

G0023

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-gah-nak-TOON-tas

Translations: indignant, being indignant, those who are indignant, those who are greatly displeased

Notes: This word describes someone who is greatly displeased, vexed, or indignant. It is often used to express strong disapproval or anger, particularly when feeling wronged or unjustly treated. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing the state of a noun, such as 'the indignant ones' or 'those who are indignant'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΥΜΟΟΜΑΙ

G4822

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: was helping, was assisting, was taking part with, was seizing, was arresting, was conceiving

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν' (together with) and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (to take, seize). It means to take together, to seize, to arrest, to help, or to conceive (in the sense of becoming pregnant). In the provided context, it most likely means 'was helping' or 'was taking part with', indicating support or assistance. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G5172

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TROO-fone

Translations: Tryphon

Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.

G4270

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pro-ek-pee-DAY-sas

Translations: having leaped forth, having sprung out, having rushed out

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having leaped forth" or "having sprung out." It describes an action that was completed before the main action of the sentence. It is a compound word formed from the prefixes πρό (pro, "forth, before") and ἐκ (ek, "out of"), combined with the verb πηδάω (pēdaō, "to leap, spring"). It is used to indicate a sudden, forceful movement outwards or forwards.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΗΔΑΩ, ΠΗΔΑΩ, ΟΡΜΑΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G2532, G3173

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-MEH-gar

Translations: and great, also great, and large, also large

Notes: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'καὶ' (kai), meaning 'and' or 'also', and a form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. The 'κἀ' is a common elision of 'καὶ' when followed by a vowel. The form 'μεγαρ' is likely a misspelling or a very rare, non-standard inflection of 'μέγας', as the standard forms would be 'μέγας', 'μεγάλη', 'μέγα', etc. It would typically be used to describe something as both 'and' or 'also' and 'great' or 'large'.

Inflection: Compound word, likely a misspelling or non-standard inflection of 'μέγας'. The 'κἀ' is an elision of 'καὶ'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0388

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-PEY-then

Translations: persuaded, was persuading, was convincing, was winning over

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀναπείθω (anapithō). It means 'to persuade again,' 'to win over,' or 'to incite.' In the imperfect tense, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'was persuading' or 'used to persuade.' It implies an attempt or process of convincing someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΠΕΙΘΟΝ

Etymology: The verb ἀναπείθω (anapithō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up,' 'again,' or 'back,' and the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince.'

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2323

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: theh-rah-PEH-oo-oh

Translations: to heal, to cure, to serve, to worship, to attend, to take care of

Notes: This verb means to heal or cure, often in the context of physical ailments. It can also mean to serve or attend to someone, implying care and devotion, or to worship God. Its usage depends on the context, ranging from medical treatment to religious service.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΑΟΜΑΙ, ΥΓΙΑΙΝΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From the noun θεράπων (therapōn), meaning 'attendant' or 'servant'. The verb thus originally referred to the actions of a servant, such as attending to someone's needs, which evolved to include healing and caring for the sick.

G1247

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-kheh-ree-SAH-sthai

Translations: to handle, to manage, to administer, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This verb means to handle, manage, or administer something. It can also carry the more severe meaning of putting someone to death or killing them, often by one's own hand. Its usage depends on the context, referring either to the management of affairs or the act of taking a life.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'by means of', and χειρίζομαι (cheirizomai), meaning 'to handle' or 'to manage', which comes from χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-reh-AS

Translations: gift, a gift, present, a present, bounty, a bounty, donation, a donation

Notes: This word refers to a gift, present, or donation. It signifies something freely given or bestowed, often as an act of generosity or favor. It can be used in contexts where someone receives a benefit or a grant.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word δωρεά (dōrea) comes from δῶρον (dōron), meaning 'gift'. It is related to the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), 'to give'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pis-KHNEH-toh

Translations: he was promising, she was promising, it was promising, he promised, she promised, it promised

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ὙΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (hypischneomai), meaning 'to promise' or 'to undertake'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued. As a middle voice verb, it often implies that the subject is acting for their own benefit or on their own behalf. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὙΠΟ (hypo, 'under') and the verb ἼΣΧΩ (ischō, 'to hold, to have').

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0931

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-SAH-noys

Translations: torments, tortures, pains, tests, trials

Notes: This word refers to extreme pain, suffering, or distress, often inflicted as a punishment or a means of interrogation. It can also refer to a test or trial, especially one that is severe or agonizing. It is a compound word, but its parts are not easily separable into distinct meanings for a layperson.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΙ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to rub' or 'to test by rubbing a touchstone'. It came to mean a touchstone, then the testing by a touchstone, and finally the torture used to extract information.

G1248

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-LENG-khen

Translations: he exposed, he convicted, he refuted, he cross-examined, he proved

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through, thoroughly) and 'ἐλέγχω' (to convict, to expose, to refute). It means to thoroughly expose, convict, refute, or cross-examine someone or something, often with the aim of proving guilt or error. It implies a process of detailed examination or argument that leads to a clear demonstration of truth or falsehood.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΕΛΕΓΧΩ is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ἐλέγχω (elencho), meaning 'to convict, expose, or refute'.

G0720

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ar-noo-MEH-non

Translations: of those denying, of those refusing, of those rejecting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀρνέομαι', meaning 'to deny', 'to refuse', or 'to reject'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are denying' or 'those who are refusing', often implying a group of people. It is used in a genitive construction, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of those denying'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΠΩΘΕΩ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G4119, G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pleh-ON-leh-GON-tos

Translations: speaking more, saying more, speaking excessively, saying excessively, of one speaking more, of one saying more, of one speaking excessively, of one saying excessively

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'πλέον' (pleon), meaning 'more' or 'excessively', and 'λέγοντος' (legontos), the genitive singular present active participle of 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Therefore, it describes someone who is speaking or saying more than is necessary or appropriate, or speaking excessively. It is used to refer to the action or state of such a person.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

G4761

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stre-BLOO-n

Translations: to twist, to distort, to pervert

Notes: This verb means to twist, distort, or pervert something. It can be used to describe physically twisting an object, or metaphorically distorting the truth or perverting justice. In its infinitive form, as seen here, it functions as 'to twist' or 'to distort'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΕΒΛΟΩ is derived from the Greek word στρεβλός (streblos), meaning 'twisted' or 'crooked'. It describes the act of making something twisted or distorted.

G4970

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: SFO-dro-TEH-ron

Translations: more vehement, more violent, more intense, more exceedingly, more strongly, more vehemently, more violently, more intensely, more exceedingly, more strongly

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'σφοδρός' (sphodros), meaning 'vehement' or 'intense'. As an adjective, it describes something as being 'more vehement' or 'more intense'. As an adverb, it describes an action being done 'more vehemently' or 'more intensely'. It indicates a greater degree of force, intensity, or excess.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΟΝ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G3627

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oyk-TAY-rass

Translations: having pitied, having had compassion, having felt mercy

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'οἰκτείρω', meaning 'to pity' or 'to have compassion'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often functioning adverbially to indicate the cause or circumstance of the main verb's action. For example, 'having pitied, he helped them'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΕΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word οἰκτείρω is derived from οἶκτος (oiktos), meaning 'pity' or 'compassion'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PES-kheh-toh

Translations: he promised, she promised, it promised

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'. It is used to indicate that someone made a commitment or gave an assurance. In this form, it refers to a singular subject (he, she, or it) who made a promise in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (iskhneomai), which is related to ΙΣΧΩ (iskhō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under obligation' or 'to take upon oneself'.

G3377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: may-nyoo-SAYN

Translations: to disclose, to make known, to reveal, to report, to inform

Notes: This verb means to disclose, make known, reveal, or report something. It implies bringing something hidden or unknown into the open, often with the nuance of informing or giving intelligence. It can be used in contexts where someone is reporting a fact, revealing a secret, or giving information to an authority.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word μηνύω is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember, to call to mind'.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-noo

Translations: and of that, and of that one, and of him, and of it

Notes: This word is a contraction (or crasis) of the conjunction 'καί' (kai), meaning 'and', and the genitive singular form 'ἐκείνου' (ekeinou) of the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος' (ekeinos), meaning 'that one' or 'he/it'. Therefore, it means 'and of that one', 'and of him', or 'and of it'. It is used to connect a previous statement with a reference to something or someone previously mentioned, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ ΤΟΥΤΟΥ, ΚΑΙ ΑΥΤΟΥ

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DON-tos

Translations: (of) giving, (of) having given, (of) granting, (of) entrusting

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'didōmi', which means 'to give' or 'to grant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action of giving or having given. It can be used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun is the one who is giving, or it can function adverbially, describing the circumstances under which an action occurs, often translated as 'when he gave' or 'by giving'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΔΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G0846, G3982

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ow-too-peys-THEYS

Translations: having been persuaded by himself, having been convinced by himself, having obeyed himself

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos), meaning 'self' or 'himself,' and 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey.' The word 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥΠΕΙΣΘΕΙΣ' means 'having been persuaded by himself' or 'having obeyed himself,' indicating an action taken by one's own conviction or will, rather than being persuaded by an external force. It describes someone who has come to a conclusion or acted based on their own internal reasoning or decision.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: the-LEE-see-en

Translations: he might wish, he might want, he might desire, he might be willing

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to wish', 'to want', 'to desire', or 'to be willing'. The form 'ΘΕΛΗΣΕΙΕΝ' specifically indicates a potential or hypothetical wish or desire, often translated with 'might' or 'would'. It describes an action that someone might do or a state they might be in, depending on circumstances.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΘΕΛΩ' comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'. It is related to the concept of desire and intention.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LEIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Depending on the context, it can mean to take something up, to remove or take away, or more commonly, to destroy or kill someone. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize').

G1555

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ice-ap-al-la-GAYN

Translations: release, a release, deliverance, a deliverance

Notes: This word refers to a release, deliverance, or discharge from something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'for', and ἀπαλλαγή (apallagē), meaning 'deliverance' or 'release'. It is used to describe the act of being set free or obtaining relief from a state or condition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΑΛΛΑΓΗ, ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ, ΛΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word εἰσαπαλλαγή (eisapallagē) is a compound noun derived from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'for', and the noun ἀπαλλαγή (apallagē), meaning 'deliverance' or 'release'. The root ἀπαλλαγή comes from ἀπαλλάσσω (apallassō), 'to set free'.

G0090

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-KEE-as

Translations: of outrage, of insult, of abuse, of torture, of injury, of ill-treatment

Notes: This word refers to an act of outrage, insult, or ill-treatment, often involving physical abuse or torture. It describes a severe form of injury or harm inflicted upon someone. It is typically used in contexts describing suffering or mistreatment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΩΣΙΣ, ΒΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΚΙΑ (aikia) is derived from the verb αἰκίζω (aikizō), meaning 'to treat shamefully, to torture, to outrage'.

G4111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pep-LAS-thai

Translations: to have been formed, to have been molded, to have been fashioned, to have been created

Notes: This word is the perfect infinitive passive form of the verb 'πλάσσω' (plassō), meaning 'to form' or 'to mold'. As a perfect infinitive passive, it describes an action that has been completed and was done to the subject, conveying the state of having been formed or molded. It is used to express the result of a past action.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Passive

Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΕΙΝ, ΚΤΙΖΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word πλάσσω (plassō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelh₂- meaning 'to spread, flat'. It is related to words describing shaping or forming from soft material.

G0227, G3004

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: ah-lay-THES-EL-eh-gon

Translations: they were speaking truth, they were saying what was true, I was speaking truth, I was saying what was true

Notes: This is a compound phrase, combining the adjective 'ἀληθές' (alēthes), meaning 'true' or 'what is true,' with the verb 'ἔλεγον' (elegon), which is the imperfect active indicative form of 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak.' Depending on the context, 'ἔλεγον' can mean 'I was saying/speaking' or 'they were saying/speaking.' Therefore, the phrase means 'they were speaking truth' or 'I was speaking truth,' indicating an ongoing action of speaking truthfully in the past.

Inflection: ἈΛΗΘΕΣ: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; ἘΛΕΓΟΝ: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-ah

Translations: assembly, an assembly, church, a church, congregation, a congregation, (to) assembly, (to) church, (to) congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often called together for a specific purpose. In ancient Greek contexts, it could refer to a political assembly of citizens. In the New Testament, it primarily refers to the Christian church, either a local congregation or the universal body of believers. It can be used to describe both the physical gathering of people and the spiritual entity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'.

G5192, G2723

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: tee-ROH-nohs-kah-tay-go-RAY-sas

Translations: having accused Tiro, having accused a recruit, having accused a novice

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'Τίρων' (Tiron), meaning 'recruit' or 'novice', and 'κατηγορήσας' (katēgorēsas), which is the aorist active participle of 'κατηγορέω' (katēgoreō), meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. The combined word means 'having accused Tiro' or 'having accused a recruit/novice'. It describes an action completed in the past, performed by the subject of the main verb.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

G4754

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-tra-to-lo-GEE-sen

Translations: he enlisted, he levied, he gathered an army, he raised an army

Notes: This word describes the action of enlisting soldiers, levying troops, or gathering an army. It is used to indicate that someone has taken the initiative to recruit or assemble military forces. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The king enlisted soldiers for the war.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΛΕΞΕΝ, ΣΥΝΗΓΑΓΕΝ

Etymology: From στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army', and λέγω (lego), meaning 'to gather' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'to gather an army'.

G1119, G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: goo-NAH-nigh-ROON-tie

Translations: they kneel and take up, they kneel and destroy, they kneel and lift up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'γόνυ' (gonu), meaning 'knee', and 'ἀναιρέω' (anaireō), meaning 'to take up, to lift up, to destroy'. The word describes the action of kneeling and then performing an action of taking up, lifting, or destroying. The specific meaning depends on the context, but it generally implies an action initiated from a kneeling position.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

G3586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: XOO-loys

Translations: (to) wood, (to) a tree, (to) timber, (to) a staff, (to) a club, (to) a cross

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΞΥΛΟΝ' (xylon). It refers to wood in its various forms, such as a standing tree, cut timber, a piece of wood used as a staff or club, or even a cross. In the dative case, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument by which an action is performed, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', 'by', or 'in'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΡΑΒΔΟΣ

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bal-LOH-meh-noy

Translations: being thrown, being cast, being put, being laid, being placed, being poured, being put down, being put in, being put on, being put forth, being put out, being put away

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is happening to the subject. In the middle voice, it can imply the subject is acting upon itself or for its own benefit, while in the passive voice, it means the subject is receiving the action. It can be used in various contexts to describe something being thrown, cast, put, or placed, often with a sense of force or intention.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G3992, G1161

Part of Speech: Participle, Particle

Sounds like: PEM-psas-DEH

Translations: having sent and, having sent but, having sent now

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the aorist active participle of the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempo), meaning 'to send', and the postpositive particle 'ΔΕ' (de), meaning 'but', 'and', or 'now'. The participle describes an action completed before the main verb, indicating 'having sent'. The particle 'ΔΕ' adds a connective or adversative sense, often introducing a new clause or a slight contrast. It is used to link ideas or actions in a narrative.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle (from ΠΕΜΠΩ); Does not inflect (ΔΕ)

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΙΛΑΣΔΕ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΙΛΑΣΔΕ

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: seh-bas-TEEN

Translations: Augusta, Sebaste, venerable, revered, august

Notes: This word is the feminine singular accusative form of the adjective 'Σεβαστός' (Sebastos), meaning 'venerable' or 'august'. It was also used as a title for Roman emperors, equivalent to 'Augustus'. In the provided context, it most likely refers to a city named Sebaste or Augusta, which was a common name for cities founded or renamed in honor of the Roman emperor Augustus. When used as an adjective, it describes something or someone as worthy of reverence or respect.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ, ΣΕΜΝΟΣ, ΑΥΓΟΥΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'Σεβαστός' (Sebastos) is derived from the Greek verb 'σέβομαι' (sebomai), meaning 'to worship, revere, or feel awe'. It was used as the Greek equivalent of the Latin imperial title 'Augustus'.

G2542, G4367

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Verb

Sounds like: KAI-sa-REI-as PROS-e-TAX-en

Translations: of Caesarea, he commanded, he ordered, he instructed

Notes: This appears to be a concatenation of two distinct Koine Greek words: ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑΣ (Kaisareias) and ΠΡΟΣΕΤΑΞΕΝ (prosetaxen). The first part, ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑΣ, is the genitive singular form of the proper noun ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑ, referring to the city of Caesarea. The second part, ΠΡΟΣΕΤΑΞΕΝ, is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to instruct.' In context, it would mean 'of Caesarea, he commanded' or 'he commanded concerning Caesarea.'

Inflection: ΚΑΙΣΑΡΕΙΑΣ: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; ΠΡΟΣΕΤΑΞΕΝ: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

G5055

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-les-THEN-tos

Translations: (of) having been completed, (of) having been finished, (of) having been performed, (of) having been accomplished, (of) having been paid

Notes: This word is a passive aorist participle, meaning 'having been completed' or 'having been finished'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, with the subject of the participle being the one upon whom the action was performed. As a genitive singular form, it often functions adverbially or substantively, indicating the time or circumstance when something else occurred, or referring to 'of the one who was completed/finished'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΥ, ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΟΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΗΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word τελέω (teleō) comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, completion'. It signifies bringing something to its end or completion.

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-koh-mees-THEE-nai

Translations: to be brought back, to be restored, to be carried back, to be recovered

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to be brought back' or 'to be restored'. It is formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and 'κομίζω' (komizō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of something or someone being returned to a previous state or location.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΠΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀνακομίζω (anakomizō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and κομίζω (komizō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bring'. The root κομίζω is related to κέομαι (keomai), 'to care for'.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toh-PHROO-ree-on

Translations: the fortress, a fortress, the prison, a prison, the garrison, a garrison

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, such as a fortress, a stronghold, or a prison. It can also refer to the garrison or guard stationed in such a place. It is used to describe a place of security or confinement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the Greek word φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'. It describes a place where guards are stationed.

G4933

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-tah-fay-soh-MEH-noos

Translations: those who are to be buried with, about to be buried with

Notes: This word is a future passive participle derived from the verb 'συνθάπτω' (synthapto), meaning 'to bury with' or 'to be buried together with'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing someone or something that is 'about to be buried with' or 'destined to be buried with'. It implies a future action of being interred alongside someone or something else.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'συνθάπτω' (synthapto) is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'θάπτω' (thapto), meaning 'to bury'.

G5108