2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-DOH-kee

Translations: it seemed good, it was decided, it was agreed, it was thought good

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'δοκέω' (dokeō), meaning 'to seem' or 'to think'. In its inflected form 'συνεδόκει', it means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided/agreed upon'. It is often used impersonally to express a collective decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or acceptable by a group.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΔΟΚΕΙ

G2489

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-doo-MAH-ee-oys

Translations: to the Idumaeans, (to) Idumaeans

Notes: This word refers to the Idumaeans, the inhabitants of Idumaea (or Edom), a region south of Judea. They were descendants of Esau and were often in conflict with the Israelites. In Koine Greek, this word is used to refer to these people.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Ἰδουμαῖος" (Idoumaios) is derived from "Ἰδουμαία" (Idoumaia), which is the Greek name for the region of Edom. Edom itself comes from the Hebrew word "אֱדוֹם" (Edom), meaning 'red', referring to Esau's reddish complexion or the reddish sandstone of the region.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4172, G305

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: PO-leh-ohs-ah-NEH-by-non

Translations: (of) a city, (of) the city, they were going up, they ascended

Notes: This appears to be a compound word formed by the genitive singular of the noun 'ΠΟΛΙΣ' (polis), meaning 'city', and the imperfect active indicative, third person plural of the verb 'ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ' (anabainō), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It is highly probable that this is a transcription error or a concatenation of two separate words, 'ΠΟΛΕΩΣ' and 'ἈΝΕΒΑΙΝΟΝ', which should be read as 'of the city they were going up'. If it were a single compound, it would be highly irregular grammatically.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; Verb: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0846, G1551

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Verb

Sounds like: OW-tone eh-kah-rah-DOH-koon

Translations: of them, their, they were eagerly awaiting, they were looking out for, they were expecting

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the genitive plural pronoun ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ (autōn), meaning 'of them' or 'their', and the imperfect active indicative verb ἘΚΑΡΑΔΟΚΟΥΝ (ekaradokoun), meaning 'they were eagerly awaiting' or 'they were looking out for'. The combined phrase indicates that 'they' (referring to a previously mentioned group) were eagerly awaiting or looking out for something related to 'them' (another group or themselves). The pronoun clarifies whose arrival or action was being awaited.

Inflection: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ: Genitive, Plural, All genders; ἘΚΑΡΑΔΟΚΟΥΝ: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ: ΣΦΩΝ; ἘΚΑΡΑΔΟΚΟΥΝ: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G3918

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-ree-ON-tohn

Translations: (of) those passing by, (of) those present, (of) those going past

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρειμι', meaning 'to be present' or 'to pass by'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is performing the action of passing by or being present. In this form, it refers to a group of people or things that are in the process of passing by or are present in a particular location.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ

G2292

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: thar-ROON-tes

Translations: being confident, being courageous, having courage, being bold, those who are confident, those who are courageous

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb meaning 'to be confident' or 'to be courageous'. It describes an ongoing state of having courage or boldness. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or verbally, indicating an action performed by the subject. For example, it could describe 'the confident ones' or 'they, being confident'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΕΥΨΥΧΕΩ

G4281, G1537

Part of Speech: Verb, Preposition

Sounds like: pro-EE-eh-san EK

Translations: they had gone forth from, they had gone out of, they had gone from, they had gone out

Notes: This appears to be a compound phrase formed by the verb 'προήεσαν' (they had gone forth/out) and the preposition 'ἐκ' (out of, from). The verb describes an action of moving forward or going out, and the preposition specifies the origin or source of that movement. It indicates that a group of people had departed from a certain place or situation.

Inflection: Verb: Third Person Plural, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active; Preposition: Governs the Genitive Case

Synonyms: ΕΞΗΛΘΟΝ, ΑΠΗΛΘΟΝ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1777

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-DOH-teh-ROO

Translations: of inner, of interior, of inward

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'inner' or 'interior'. It is used to describe something that is further inside or more inward. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a quality or characteristic of that noun. In this form, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΣΩΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἐνδότερος (endoteros) is a comparative adjective derived from ἔνδον (endon), meaning 'within' or 'inside'. It signifies 'more within' or 'inner'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G3396

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mi-GEN-tes

Translations: having been mixed, having mingled, having joined, having associated, those who were mixed, those who mingled

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μίγνυμι', meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to individuals or groups who have been mixed, mingled, or joined together with others, indicating a state of combination or association.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΓΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word μίγνυμι comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *meiḱ-, meaning 'to mix'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of mixing or mingling.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4316, G906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eb-AL-lon-tays

Translations: attack, assault, throw against, apply

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a garbled form of a verb related to 'to attack' or 'to throw against'. The ending '-νταις' is not a standard Koine Greek verb ending. It appears to combine the verb stem 'προσεβαλλ-' (from προσβάλλω, meaning 'to throw against, attack') with what looks like a dative plural feminine ending '-ταις' (often found on nouns or participles). If it were a verb, a more common form might be 'προσεβάλλοντο' (imperfect middle/passive indicative, 'they were attacking/being attacked') or 'προσεβάλλοντες' (masculine nominative plural participle, 'attacking'). Given the context, it likely refers to an action of attacking or assaulting.

Inflection: Unclear, likely a misspelling or garbled form of a verb, possibly intended as an imperfect middle/passive indicative or a participle.

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΦΟΔΕΥΩ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LA-kays

Translations: (to) a prison, (to) a guard, (to) a watch, (to) a watch-post, (to) a custody, (to) a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a place of confinement, such as a prison or jail, or to the act of guarding or keeping watch. It can also denote a period of time during which a watch is kept, like a night watch. In a sentence, it would indicate the location or the purpose of an action related to guarding or being confined.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G4264

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-koy-TOON-tone

Translations: those sleeping before, those sleeping in front, those lying before, those lying in front, those who sleep before, those who lie before

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are sleeping before' or 'those who are lying in front'. It describes individuals who are in a state of sleep or rest in a forward or preceding position. It is often used to refer to guards or sentinels who are sleeping on duty, or people who are sleeping in a place where they are expected to be watchful.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΩΜΕΝΩΝ, ΦΥΛΑΚΩΝ

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koy-MOH-meh-noos

Translations: sleeping, those sleeping, asleep, those who are asleep

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κοιμάω' (koimaō), meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to sleep'. In this form, it describes individuals who are in the act of sleeping or are asleep. It is often used to refer to people who have died, as death was often metaphorically described as 'falling asleep' in ancient Greek and early Christian contexts.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΥΔΟΝΤΑΣ, ΥΠΝΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G1129

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eg-ray-go-ROH-tohn

Translations: of those who were awake, of those who were watching, of those who were vigilant

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐγρηγορέω', meaning 'to be awake' or 'to watch'. It describes a state of being awake, alert, or vigilant. As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who were awake' or 'those who were watching'. It is often used to describe people who are spiritually alert or watchful.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΥΠΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΝΗΦΟΝΤΩΝ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-PAH-zon-tes

Translations: snatching, seizing, plundering, carrying off, taking by force, robbing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'snatching' or 'seizing'. It describes an action of taking something quickly, forcefully, or violently, often implying robbery or plunder. It can be used to describe people who are actively engaged in such an act, as in 'the ones snatching' or 'those who seize'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G0293, G5562

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ah-MOO-nan eh-KHO-roon

Translations: they were withdrawing defense, they were withdrawing help, they were withdrawing assistance

Notes: This appears to be a compound phrase or a misspelling/concatenation of two separate Koine Greek words: 'ἀμύναν' (amynan) and 'ἐχώρουν' (echōroun). 'Ἀμύναν' is the accusative singular of 'ἄμυνα' (amyna), meaning 'defense', 'help', or 'assistance'. 'Ἐχώρουν' is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural of 'χωρέω' (chōreō), meaning 'to withdraw', 'to go back', 'to make room', or 'to advance'. When combined, it would literally mean 'they were withdrawing defense' or 'they were withdrawing help'. This construction is unusual as a single word and is likely a transcription error or a phrase written without a space.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; Verb: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΙΑ, ΑΝΤΙΛΗΨΙΣ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-noos

Translations: alone, only, solitary, the only ones, the solitary ones

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone', 'only', or 'solitary'. It describes a state of being by oneself or being the sole instance of something. It can be used to emphasize uniqueness or isolation. In this form, it is the masculine plural accusative case, meaning it would typically modify a masculine plural noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΙΔΙΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-khei-REH-in

Translations: to attempt, to undertake, to lay hands on, to attack, to try

Notes: This verb means to put one's hand to something, to undertake an action, or to attempt to do something. It can also carry the sense of laying hands on someone, which can imply an attack or an act of violence. It is often used to describe the initiation of an action or an effort to achieve a goal.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ, ἘΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the noun χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'to put one's hand upon'.

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they supposed, they assumed, they received, they took up, they answered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, to receive, to assume, to suppose, or to answer. In different contexts, it can refer to taking something up from below, receiving a person or idea, forming an opinion or assumption, or replying to someone.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THAR-roon

Translations: they were confident, they were courageous, they were bold, they had courage, they were encouraged

Notes: This word describes a state of being confident, courageous, or bold. It is often used to express a sense of inner strength or assurance in the face of difficulty or danger. In the provided examples, it indicates that a group of people felt confident or had courage in various situations.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΥΨΥΧΕΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-SOH-meh-noy

Translations: being superior, overcoming, surviving, prevailing, being left over, being in excess

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'periginomai', meaning 'to be superior to', 'to overcome', 'to survive', or 'to prevail'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of gaining the upper hand, surviving, or being left over. It is often used to indicate a state of being victorious or having an advantage over others.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΩΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'periginomai' is a compound word formed from 'peri' (around, about, over) and 'ginomai' (to become, to be born, to come into being). It literally means 'to come to be over' or 'to come to be around', leading to the sense of prevailing or surviving.

G2529

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tee-DON-tes

Translations: having seen, having perceived, having beheld, having observed, having looked down upon

Notes: This word is a participle, indicating an action that has been completed. It describes someone who has seen, perceived, or observed something, often with the nuance of looking down upon or carefully considering. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates the action of seeing or perceiving has already taken place before the main action of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΟΡΩΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΟΡΑΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. The combination suggests looking down upon or perceiving clearly.

G2022

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-kheh-OH-meh-noos

Translations: pouring upon, flowing upon, overflowing, rushing upon, attacking, those who pour upon, those who rush upon

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epicheō', meaning 'to pour upon' or 'to flow upon'. In a military or confrontational context, it can describe people or forces 'rushing upon' or 'attacking' others, often implying an overwhelming or sudden influx. It can function as an adjective describing something that is being poured upon, or as a noun referring to 'those who are pouring upon' or 'those who are rushing upon'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΕΦΟΡΜΩΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G2596

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-BAL-leh

Translations: cast down, throw down, overthrow, lay down, demolish, pull down, bring down

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down') and the verb βάλλω (ballō, meaning 'to throw'). It generally means to throw or cast something down, often with force or with the intention of destruction or defeat. It can be used in various contexts, such as casting down walls, overthrowing an enemy, or laying a foundation.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb καταβάλλω is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. The combination signifies the action of throwing something downwards or bringing it low.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-OHN

Translations: of new, of young, of new things, of young people

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΝΕΟΣ' (neos), which means 'new' or 'young'. It is used to describe something that is fresh, recent, or in an early stage of development, or to refer to people who are young in age. As a genitive plural, it typically translates as 'of new things' or 'of young people', indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'new'. It is related to the Latin 'novus' and English 'new'.

G1209, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: eh-DEH-khon-toh-TOOS

Translations: they were receiving the, they were accepting the, they received the, they accepted the

Notes: This is a compound of two words: the verb 'ἘΔΕΧΟΝΤΟ' and the article 'ΤΟΥΣ'. 'ἘΔΕΧΟΝΤΟ' is the third person plural imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'δέχομαι', meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. 'ΤΟΥΣ' is the masculine plural accusative definite article, meaning 'the'. When combined, the phrase means 'they were receiving the' or 'they were accepting the', referring to masculine plural objects.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative (for ἘΔΕΧΟΝΤΟ); Masculine, Plural, Accusative (for ΤΟΥΣ)

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G2480

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-doo-MAI-oos

Translations: Idumaeans, the Idumaeans

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Idumaea, a region south of Judea. They were descendants of Esau and were often in conflict with the Israelites. In the context of the provided usage, it refers to a group of people who were called upon or known for their tumultuous and disorderly nature.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew word 'Edom' (אֱדוֹם), which means 'red' and refers to Esau, the ancestor of the Edomites/Idumaeans. The region of Idumaea was historically known as Edom.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G4129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-THOON

Translations: to multiply, to increase, to abound, to be numerous

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πληθύνω' (plēthynō), meaning 'to multiply' or 'to increase'. It can refer to making something more numerous or to something itself becoming more numerous or abundant. It is often used in contexts of growth, proliferation, or abundance. For example, it might describe a population increasing, or blessings abounding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΛΗΘΥΣ

G4628

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-KEH-pon

Translations: they were covering, they were protecting, they were sheltering

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'σKέπω' (skepō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to protect'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that 'they' were in the process of covering, protecting, or sheltering something or themselves. It implies a continuous state of defense or concealment.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΕΡΙΦΡΑΤΤΩ

G1265

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-see-MAH-ee-non

Translations: to signify, to indicate, to make known, to give a sign, to explain, to give a signal

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and σημαίνω (sēmainō, 'to show by a sign, to signify'). It means to make something known clearly, to indicate, or to give a signal. It implies communicating information or a warning through a sign or clear indication.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ

Etymology: The word διασημαίνω (diasēmainō) is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning 'to show by a sign, to signify'. The root σημαίνω comes from σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-keh-EE-nohn

Translations: and those, and of those, and of them

Notes: This word is a contraction (a coronis) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai), meaning "and," and the genitive plural form "ἐκείνων" (ekeinon) of the demonstrative pronoun "ἐκεῖνος" (ekeinos), meaning "that" or "those." Therefore, it means "and of those" or "and of them." It is used to connect a phrase referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned or understood, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOL-may-sen

Translations: he dared, she dared, it dared, he ventured, she ventured, it ventured

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dare' or 'to venture'. It describes an action where someone takes a bold or risky step, often implying courage or audacity. It is used to indicate that a person or entity had the courage or presumption to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΑΩ comes from the noun ΤΟΛΜΑ (tolma), meaning 'daring' or 'boldness'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term.

G3129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MA-thon

Translations: I learned, they learned, I taught, they taught

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to learn' or 'to teach'. It can mean 'I learned' (first person singular) or 'they learned' (third person plural), depending on the context. It can also carry the meaning of 'I taught' or 'they taught' in certain contexts, though 'to learn' is its primary sense. It describes the act of acquiring knowledge or skill, or imparting it to others.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

G1524

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ice-peh-PAI-koh-tahs

Translations: having fallen into, having entered, having rushed in, those who have fallen into, those who have entered

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning it describes someone who has completed the action of falling into, entering, or rushing into something. It is used here in the accusative masculine plural, indicating 'those who have fallen into' or 'those who have entered'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, describing the state of having completed the action.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΙΣΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΑΣ

G994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-teh-BO-ohn

Translations: they shouted back, they cried out in return, they answered with a shout

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and 'βοάω' (boao), meaning 'to shout' or 'to cry out'. Therefore, it means 'to shout back' or 'to cry out in return'. It describes an action of vocal response, often in a loud or emphatic manner, to something previously said or done. It is used to indicate a reciprocal or opposing shout.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΕΦΩΝΟΥΝ, ἈΝΤΕΚΡΑΖΟΝ

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-toh-lo-FY-ron-toh

Translations: they lamented in return, they wailed back, they mourned in response

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to lament in return' or 'to wail back'. It describes the action of someone responding to another's lamentation or sorrow with their own expressions of grief or sympathy. It implies a reciprocal or responsive act of mourning.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΘΡΗΝΕΩ, ἈΝΤΙΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against, in return, instead of', and the verb ὀλοφύρομαι (olophyromai), meaning 'to lament, wail, mourn'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loos

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a great many

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a large crowd of people or a significant amount of something. It can also be used to describe something as 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G2970

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: koh-KOO-toss

Translations: Cocytus

Notes: Cocytus is a proper noun referring to a mythical river in the underworld, often translated as the 'river of wailing' or 'lamentation'. It is one of the five rivers of Hades in Greek mythology, alongside Acheron, Styx, Phlegethon, and Lethe. It is associated with the cries and lamentations of the dead.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek verb κωκύω (kōkyō), meaning 'to wail, lament, shriek'. The name of the river reflects its association with the cries of the dead in the underworld.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-GAY-reh-toh

Translations: was being raised, was being awakened, was being stirred up, was rising, was awakening, was stirring up

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect indicative form of the verb 'ἐγείρω' (egeiro). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. In the middle voice, it means 'to rise' or 'to awaken oneself', while in the passive voice, it means 'to be raised' or 'to be awakened'. It can refer to physical rising, awakening from sleep, or being stirred up in a metaphorical sense, such as a war or a cry being raised.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἘΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G2793

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kin-dy-NEV-on-tos

Translations: (of) endangering, (of) risking, (of) being in danger, (of) being imperiled, (of) venturing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'kindyneuo', meaning 'to be in danger' or 'to risk'. As a participle, it describes an action or state of being that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb of a sentence. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or a descriptive quality, translating to 'of one who is endangering' or 'of one who is in danger'. It can be used to describe someone or something that is currently facing or causing peril.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΙΝΔΥΝΟΣ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΣΙΣ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G4879

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ep-ee-lah-LAH-zon

Translations: they were shouting together, they were yelling together, they were wailing together, they were howling together

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν-' (together with) and the verb 'ἐπηλαλάζω' (to shout, to yell, to wail). It describes the action of multiple people shouting, yelling, or wailing in unison or together with others. It implies a collective and often loud expression of emotion, such as joy, grief, or battle cries.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΒΟΑΩ, ΣΥΝΕΚΦΩΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5401

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: foh-beh-roh-TEH-ran

Translations: more terrible, more fearful, more dreadful, more formidable

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'more terrible' or 'more fearful'. It describes something that inspires greater fear or dread than something else. It is used to compare the degree of terribleness or fearfulness between two or more things. For example, one might say 'the storm was more terrible than the last one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΝΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΦΡΙΚΩΔΕΣΤΕΡΟΣ

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FEI-don-toh

Translations: they were sparing, they did spare, they refrained from, they had pity on

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb φείδομαι (pheídomai), which means 'to spare,' 'to refrain from,' or 'to have pity on.' It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive form but an active meaning. It often takes a genitive object, indicating what or whom is being spared or refrained from. In the provided context, it suggests that 'they were not sparing anyone' or 'they did not refrain from anything.'

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΕΛΕΩ

G2489

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-doo-MAI-oy

Translations: Idumaeans, Edomites

Notes: This word refers to the Idumaeans, a people group descended from Esau (also known as Edom). They inhabited the region of Idumaea, which was south of Judea. In ancient texts, they are often mentioned in historical and geographical contexts, particularly in relation to the Israelites.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ἸΔΟΥΜΑΙΟΙ" is derived from the Hebrew name "Edom" (אֱדוֹם), referring to Esau and his descendants, and the land they inhabited. The Greek form reflects this Semitic origin.

G5595

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-mo-TAH-toy

Translations: most cruel, most savage, most brutal, most fierce

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΩΜΟΣ (ōmos), meaning 'raw,' 'crude,' or 'savage.' As a superlative, 'ὨΜΟΤΑΤΟΙ means 'most savage' or 'most cruel.' It describes a group of people or things that exhibit the highest degree of brutality or fierceness. It would be used to emphasize an extreme characteristic, such as 'the most cruel men' or 'the most savage beasts.'

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΙΩΤΑΤΟΙ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΑΤΟΙ

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-NEH-oo-een

Translations: to murder, to kill, to slay

Notes: This verb means to murder or to kill, often with the implication of unlawful or intentional killing. It is used to describe the act of taking a life, whether human or animal, and can carry a strong moral connotation, especially in religious texts. It is typically followed by an accusative object, indicating who or what is being killed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΕΥΩ comes from φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder' or 'slaughter'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen-, which means 'to strike, kill'.

G5494

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-mo-nee

Translations: (to) winter, (to) a winter, (to) storm, (to) a storm, (to) bad weather, (to) a bad weather

Notes: This word refers to winter, a storm, or bad weather. It is used to describe the season of winter or a period of severe weather, such as a tempest or gale. In the dative case, as seen here, it often indicates the time when something occurs (e.g., 'in winter' or 'during a storm') or the means by which something happens.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΥΕΛΛΑ, ΚΑΤΑΙΓΙΣ, ΧΕΙΜΕΡΙΝΟΣ

G2559

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-kah-KOH-meh-noy

Translations: having been ill-treated, having been afflicted, having been harmed, having been oppressed, having been injured

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been subjected to ill-treatment, harm, or affliction. It indicates a state of having suffered or been made bad. It is a perfect passive participle, meaning the action of 'making bad' or 'harming' has been completed, and the subject is in the state of having undergone that action. It can be used to describe people who have been oppressed or things that have been damaged.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΠΟΝΘΟΤΕΣ, ΒΕΒΛΑΜΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κακόω (kakóō, 'to make bad, harm'), from κακός (kakós, 'bad, evil').

G0618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pok-LAY-san-TON

Translations: of having shut, of having closed, of having locked, of having excluded

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apokleiō', meaning 'to shut off', 'to close', 'to lock', or 'to exclude'. As a genitive plural participle, it describes an action completed by multiple subjects, often translated as 'of those who had shut' or 'of those who had closed'. It indicates that the action of shutting or closing has already taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΣΑΝΤΩΝ, ΦΡΑΞΑΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀποκλείω is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-keh-TEH-oo-see

Translations: they implore, they supplicate, they entreat, they beg

Notes: This word describes the act of making an earnest and humble appeal, often to a superior or someone in authority. It implies a sense of desperation or urgent need, where one is pleading for help, mercy, or a favor. It is typically used when a group of people are making such an appeal.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΚΕΤΕΥΩ' (hiketeuō) comes from 'ἱκέτης' (hiketēs), meaning 'suppliant' or 'one who comes as a suppliant'. This term is related to the act of seeking refuge or protection, often by sitting as a suppliant at an altar or hearth.

G0292

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-MY-noh-me-noys

Translations: (to) those defending themselves, (to) those warding off, (to) those avenging themselves, (to) those helping themselves

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, indicating an action being performed by the subject upon themselves or for their own benefit, or an action being performed upon the subject. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'those who are defending themselves,' 'those who are warding off something,' or 'those who are avenging themselves.' It describes a group of people engaged in self-defense or retaliation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΥΣΙΝ, ἈΛΕΞΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΥΝΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- 'to project, to stand out'. It originally meant 'to ward off, to keep away', and later developed the sense of 'to defend' or 'to avenge'.

G0363

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-mim-NEES-kon-tas

Translations: remembering, recalling, reminding, bringing to remembrance

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ἀναμιμνήσκω, meaning to remember, recall, or bring to remembrance. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and μιμνήσκω (mimnesko), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'. It describes an action of actively remembering or causing someone else to remember.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΥΠΟΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναμιμνήσκω is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnesko), which means 'to remind' or 'to remember'. The prefix intensifies or reiterates the action of remembering.

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-noos

Translations: begging, asking, entreating, praying, needing, lacking

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'δεομαι' (deomai). It describes someone who is currently begging, asking, entreating, or praying. It can also refer to someone who is in need of something or lacking something. It is often used to describe a state of supplication or a condition of necessity.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΙΚΕΤΕΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: From 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind', implying being bound by need or obligation. It is related to the idea of being in want or having a request.

G1224

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-LAH-oo-non

Translations: they were driving through, they were driving away, they were pursuing, they were passing through

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural, of the verb 'διαλαύνω' (dialaunō). It describes an ongoing action in the past, meaning 'they were driving through,' 'they were driving away,' or 'they were pursuing.' It can also mean 'to pass through' or 'to go through' a place.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΩ, ΕΛΑΥΝΩ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3761, G4991

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Noun

Sounds like: OO-deh-soh-tee-REE-as

Translations: and not of salvation, nor of salvation, not even of salvation, and not of deliverance, nor of deliverance, not even of deliverance, and not of safety, nor of safety, not even of safety

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the conjunction 'οὐδέ' (oude), meaning 'and not', 'nor', or 'not even', and the genitive singular form of the noun 'σωτηρία' (sōtēria), meaning 'salvation', 'deliverance', or 'safety'. Therefore, the combined word means 'and not of salvation' or 'nor of salvation', indicating a lack or absence of salvation, deliverance, or safety. It describes a situation where there is no hope or means of being saved or delivered.

Inflection: Compound word: 'οὐδέ' (does not inflect), 'σωτηρία' (Singular, Genitive, Feminine)

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EL-peess

Translations: hope, a hope, expectation, a trust, a confidence

Notes: This word refers to a confident expectation, a trust, or a belief in a positive future outcome. It can describe both the act of hoping and the object of that hope. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the Christian hope in God's promises.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From an assumed base of *ελπ- (elp-), meaning 'to hope'. It is related to the verb ἐλπίζω (elpizō), 'to hope'.

G4964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-oh-thoo-MEH-noy

Translations: being pressed together, being crowded, being pushed together, being thronged, being crushed together

Notes: This word describes the action of people or things being pressed, pushed, or crowded together, often in a confined space. It implies a sense of being squeezed or thronged by others. It is a compound word formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust.'

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΙΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2696

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-KOP-ton-toh

Translations: they were being cut down, they were being cut to pieces, they were being hacked to pieces

Notes: This verb describes the action of being severely cut, hacked, or cut to pieces. It implies a violent and destructive action, often in a military context or referring to severe injury. The form indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, where the subjects were the recipients of the action.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΣΦΑΖΩ, ΤΕΜΝΩ

G2544

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, indeed

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'although', indicating a concession or an unexpected turn of events. It can be used to emphasize a point despite a preceding statement, or to introduce a surprising fact. It does not inflect.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the connection between two clauses while introducing a contrasting or concessive idea.

G1542

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ek-bee-AH-zo-meh-noy

Translations: forcing, compelling, doing violence, pressing, being forced, being compelled

Notes: This word describes the act of forcing, compelling, or doing violence to someone or something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can imply a strong, often aggressive, exertion of pressure or power. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'βιάζω' (to force, to do violence).

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΒΙΑΖΩ is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb βιάζω (biazo), meaning 'to force' or 'to do violence'. The combination suggests an outward or complete application of force.

G2064, G1161

Part of Speech: Verb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-EE-eh-san-DEH

Translations: they came and, they went and, they came but, they went but

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb 'ἐπῆεσαν' (epēesan) and the postpositive conjunction 'δὲ' (de). 'Ἐπῆεσαν' is the 3rd person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἐπέρχομαι' (eperchomai), meaning 'to come upon, to go upon, to approach'. The conjunction 'δὲ' typically means 'but', 'and', or 'moreover', and it always follows the word it modifies. Therefore, the combined word means 'they came and' or 'they went and', or 'they came but' or 'they went but', depending on the context.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active (for the verb part); Does not inflect (for the conjunction part)

Synonyms: ΗΛΘΟΝ, ΚΑΙ

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foh-NEH-oo-on-tes

Translations: killing, murdering, slaying, those who kill, those who murder

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to kill' or 'to murder'. It describes an action of killing or murdering that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function like an adjective, describing people who are engaged in killing, or like a noun, referring to 'those who are killing'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΑΙΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word φονεύω (phoneuō) comes from φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder' or 'slaughter', which itself is derived from an older root related to striking or slaying.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G2657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tek-REEM-nee-zon

Translations: they were casting down headlong, they were throwing down, they were hurling down

Notes: This word describes the action of throwing or casting someone or something down from a height, especially from a precipice or cliff. It implies a forceful and often violent act of causing something to fall headlong. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, meaning 'down') and κρημνίζω (krēmnizō, meaning 'to cast down from a cliff'). In the provided context, it is used to describe people being thrown down.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρημνίζω (katakrēmnizō) is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρημνίζω (krēmnizō), which means 'to cast down from a cliff' or 'to precipitate'. The latter comes from κρημνός (krēmnos), meaning 'precipice' or 'cliff'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oyk-TRO-teh-ron

Translations: more pitiable, more wretched, more miserable, more lamentable

Notes: This word is the neuter singular comparative form of the adjective 'οἰκτρός' (oiktros), meaning 'pitiable' or 'wretched'. As a comparative, it means 'more pitiable' or 'more wretched'. It describes something that evokes greater pity or is in a more miserable state than something else. It can be used predicatively or attributively.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative

Synonyms: ΑΘΛΙΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'οἰκτρός' (oiktros) derives from 'οἶκτος' (oiktos), meaning 'pity' or 'lamentation'. It describes something that is worthy of pity or causes lamentation.

G1473, G1065

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: eh-MOY-geh

Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, indeed to me, at least to me, for my part

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the dative singular of the first-person pronoun ἘΓΩ (ego, 'I') and the enclitic particle ΓΕ (ge). The particle ΓΕ adds emphasis, limitation, or affirmation to the preceding word. Therefore, ἘΜΟΙΓΕ emphasizes 'to me' or 'for me', often conveying a sense of 'at least for me' or 'for my part' or 'indeed to me'. It highlights the speaker's personal perspective or involvement.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Dative, Emphatic

Synonyms: ἘΜΟΙ, ἘΓΩ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1333

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-FEF-gon

Translations: were escaping, were fleeing, were getting away, were getting clear

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb φεύγω (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. Therefore, it means 'to flee through', 'to escape through', or 'to get away completely'. It describes an action of escaping or getting clear, often implying movement through or away from something. In this form, it indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΦΕΥΓΩ (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. The prefix διά intensifies the action of fleeing, indicating a complete or successful escape.

G0845

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ow-THAI-reh-ton

Translations: voluntary, self-chosen, spontaneous, a voluntary thing

Notes: This word describes something that is done by one's own free will or choice, without any external compulsion or obligation. It emphasizes the self-initiated nature of an action or decision. It can be used to describe actions, gifts, or attitudes that are freely given or undertaken.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΟΥΣΙΟΣ, ΕΘΕΛΟΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'αὐτός' (autos), meaning 'self', and 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Thus, it literally means 'self-chosen' or 'self-taken'.

G5278

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-non-tes

Translations: enduring, persevering, waiting, remaining, a person who endures, those who endure

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'hypomeno'. It describes someone who is actively enduring, persevering, or remaining steadfast. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'those who endure' or 'the ones enduring'. It implies a patient and steadfast waiting or bearing up under difficulties.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-KLOO-sthee

Translations: was overflowed, was inundated, was deluged, was flooded

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἐπικλύζω (epiklyzō), meaning 'to overflow, to inundate, to deluge, or to flood'. It describes something that was completely covered or overwhelmed by a large amount of liquid, typically water. It implies a forceful and extensive covering.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΛΥΖΩ, ΠΛΗΜΜΥΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπικλύζω (epiklyzō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb κλύζω (klyzō), meaning 'to wash, to dash, or to surge'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: he was seizing, he was taking possession of, he was overtaking, he was apprehending, he was understanding, he was finding, he was catching, he was laying hold of

Notes: This word describes an action of seizing, taking possession, or apprehending, often with the nuance of catching up to or finding something. It can also mean to understand or comprehend. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize').

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Its meaning evolved from physically taking hold of something to mentally grasping or understanding it.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-kor-es-THEH-san

Translations: they were satisfied, they were filled, they were sated

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative passive third person plural form of the verb 'κορέννυμι' (korennymi). It means 'to be satisfied,' 'to be filled,' or 'to be sated,' often in the sense of having enough food or drink, but can also be used metaphorically for having enough of something else. In this form, it indicates that a group of people 'were satisfied' or 'were filled' in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΠΛΗΜΙ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word κορέννυμι (korennymi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to feed' or 'to satisfy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of fullness or satiety.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: trah-PO-meh-noy

Translations: having turned, turning, having been turned, being turned, having directed oneself, directing oneself

Notes: This is a participle form of the verb 'trepo', meaning 'to turn' or 'to direct'. In the middle voice, as it appears here, it means 'to turn oneself' or 'to direct oneself'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating a change in direction, focus, or activity. For example, 'having turned to the city' or 'directing themselves towards plunder'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΛΙΝΩ

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eer-PAH-zon

Translations: they were plundering, they kept plundering, they were robbing, they kept robbing, they were pillaging, they kept pillaging

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action of plundering, robbing, or pillaging, often with the implication of thoroughness or violence. It is used to describe groups of people taking possessions or property by force.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΠΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb διαρπάζω (diarpazō) is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch.' The prefix intensifies the action of seizing, implying a thorough or complete plundering.

G1614

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TEI-non-deh

Translations: stretching out, extending, stretching forth, reaching out

Notes: This word is a participle form of the verb 'εκτείνω', meaning 'to stretch out' or 'to extend'. It describes an action of reaching or spreading something outwards. It is often used to describe the stretching out of hands, limbs, or even a line of battle. In the given context, it likely refers to the act of extending or spreading out in a destructive manner.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΝΩ, ΕΞΑΠΛΟΩ, ΠΡΟΤΕΙΝΩ

Etymology: From 'εκ' (out of, from) and 'τείνω' (to stretch). It literally means 'to stretch out from'.

G4045

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-TOO-khon-tah

Translations: having met with, having happened upon, having encountered, one who met, those who met

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιτυγχάνω', meaning 'to meet with' or 'to happen upon'. It describes someone or something that has encountered or come across something or someone else. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, an other, another thing

Notes: This word refers to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to describe a different person, thing, or concept. It often functions as an adjective modifying a noun, but can also stand alone as a pronoun meaning 'another one' or 'another thing'. When used adverbially, it can mean 'otherwise' or 'in another way'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ἈΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kay

Translations: it seemed, it appeared, it was thought, he seemed, she seemed, it was decided, it was pleasing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'to seem', 'to appear', or 'to be thought'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or a state that existed in the past. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing to someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- which means 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved to 'to seem, to appear' in Greek, implying an acceptance or perception of something as true or apparent.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-na-LOH-ma

Translations: waste, squandering, a waste, a squandering

Notes: This word refers to something that is wasted or squandered, often implying a superfluous or unnecessary expenditure. It can describe resources, time, or effort that is consumed without producing a beneficial outcome, essentially being thrown away or used up to no good purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΦΘΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, beyond, contrary to', and the verb ἀναλίσκω (analiskō), meaning 'to use up, consume, spend'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is consumed or used up beyond what is necessary or proper'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REIS

Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest, chief priests

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the head of the priestly order, particularly the chief religious official in ancient Israel. In the plural, 'chief priests' often refers to the leading members of the priestly class, including the current high priest, former high priests, and heads of the priestly families. It is used to denote those with significant religious authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G5392

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fo-RAH

Translations: a carrying, a bearing, a bringing, a movement, a course, a turn, a time, a season, a tribute, a tax

Notes: This word refers to the act of carrying, bearing, or bringing something. It can also denote movement, a course, or a turn. In some contexts, it can refer to a specific time or season, or even a tribute or tax that is brought or paid.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΟΡΟΣ, ΦΟΡΤΙΟΝ, ΦΟΡΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear, carry, bring'. It describes the action or result of carrying.

G0251

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-LON-tes

Translations: taken, captured, seized, overcome, those who were taken, those who were captured

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative plural (or feminine nominative plural, or neuter nominative/accusative plural) aorist participle of the verb 'αλίσκω' (haliskō), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. It describes someone or something that has been captured or seized. For example, it could refer to 'those who were captured' or 'things that were taken'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Aorist, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΗΦΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'αλίσκω' (haliskō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THEY-ron-toh

Translations: they were being destroyed, they were being corrupted, they were being ruined

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phthéirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy.' In this form, it describes an ongoing action in the past where a group of people or things were in the process of being utterly destroyed, corrupted, or ruined. It implies a complete and thorough destruction or moral decay.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb διαφθείρω (diaphthéirō) is formed from the prefix διά (diá), meaning 'through' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phthéirō), meaning 'to corrupt, destroy.' The prefix intensifies the meaning of the base verb.

G3498, G0846

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: NEK-roys-OW-tohn

Translations: (to) their dead, (to) their corpses, (to) their deceased ones

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ΝΕΚΡΟΙΣ' (nekrois), meaning 'dead ones' or 'corpses' in the dative plural, and 'ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ' (auton), meaning 'their' or 'of them' in the genitive plural. Together, it means 'to their dead ones' or 'to their corpses', indicating possession and the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: ΝΕΚΡΟΙΣ: Dative, Plural, Masculine; ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ: Genitive, Plural, All genders

G2186

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-is-TAN-tes

Translations: having stood upon, having stood over, having come upon, having appeared, having presented oneself, having stood by, having stood near

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ephistēmi', meaning 'to stand upon or over', 'to come upon', 'to appear suddenly', or 'to present oneself'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning adverbially to describe the circumstances of another action. It implies a sudden or unexpected arrival or presence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΙΣΤΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΕΣ

G0367

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-NAH-non

Translations: Ananus, Ananias

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the name Ananus, a common Jewish name in the New Testament period. It is often used to refer to the high priest Ananias. In the provided context, it refers to a specific individual named Ananus, likely the son of Ananias.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ananus is of Hebrew origin, derived from the name Hananiah, meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was a common name among Jews during the Second Temple period.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G1985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pes-KOP-ton

Translations: they were overseeing, they were watching over, they were visiting, they were inspecting, they were caring for

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἐπισκοπέω (episkopeō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to oversee, to watch over, to visit, to inspect, or to care for. It implies a supervisory role or a diligent attention to something or someone.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

G4281, G1161

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EEL-thon-deh

Translations: they went forth, they came forth, they went forward, they came forward, they advanced, they proceeded, and they went forth, but they went forth

Notes: This is a compound verb form, combining the verb 'to go' (ἔρχομαι) with the prefix 'forth/forward' (προ-) and the enclitic particle 'and/but' (-δε). It means 'they went forth' or 'they came forward'. The particle -δε adds a sense of continuation or contrast, often translated as 'and' or 'but'. It describes an action of moving forward or appearing from a place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word προέρχομαι (proerchomai) is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The enclitic particle -δε (de) is an ancient particle used to connect clauses, indicating a slight opposition or continuation.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: toh-SOO-ton

Translations: so great, so much, so many, so large, so far, such, a such

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun meaning 'so great,' 'so much,' or 'so many.' It is used to indicate a quantity, size, or extent that is as great as something previously mentioned or implied. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun. For example, it might be used to say 'so great a crowd' or 'so much money.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

G5118, G2453

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: toh-SAW-teen ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn

Translations: so great, so much, such, so large, so many, of Jews, of the Jews

Notes: This appears to be a compound or concatenated word, likely a misspelling or a transcription error combining two distinct Koine Greek words: ΤΟΣΑΥΤΗΝ (tosautēn) and ἸΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ (ioudaion). ΤΟΣΑΥΤΗΝ is an adjective meaning "so great," "so much," or "such," used here in the accusative, singular, feminine form. ἸΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun "Jew," meaning "of Jews" or "of the Jews." When combined, it would literally mean "such (a) of Jews" or "so great (a) of Jews," which is grammatically awkward and suggests a transcription error. It is most probable that these two words should be separated.

Inflection: ΤΟΣΑΥΤΗΝ: Accusative, Singular, Feminine; ἸΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-nohn

Translations: making, doing, performing, producing, of making, of doing, of performing, of producing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make', 'to do', 'to perform', or 'to produce'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action being done by or to someone or something. It can be used to form a subordinate clause, indicating an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-ka-ta-dee-KAYS

Translations: of condemnation, of judgment, of sentence

Notes: This is a compound noun, formed from the preposition 'ek' (out of, from), 'kata' (down, against), and 'dikē' (justice, judgment, penalty). It refers to the state or act of being condemned or judged, specifically in a legal or moral sense. It implies a definitive negative judgment or sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΚΗΣ, ΚΡΙΣΕΩΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΚΑΤΑΔΙΚΗ is a compound formed from the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the noun δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice', 'judgment', or 'penalty'. It signifies a complete or definitive judgment against someone.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-theh-LEIN

Translations: to take down, to pull down, to cast down, to destroy, to overthrow, to demolish

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'καθαιρέω'. It means 'to take down' or 'to pull down'. It can be used literally to describe the act of dismantling or demolishing a physical structure, or metaphorically to describe the overthrowing of a power, authority, or system. It implies an action of bringing something or someone from a higher position to a lower one, often with destructive intent.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: POH-lee-ton (if pronounced as written, but likely incorrect)

Translations: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. If it's a misspelling of 'πόλεων' (poleon), it would mean 'of cities'. If it's a misspelling of 'πολίτην' (politēn), it would mean 'citizen, a citizen'.

Notes: The word "ΠΟΛΕΙΤΟΝ" does not appear to be a standard or recognized word in Koine Greek. It is highly probable that it is a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. Given the context, it might be intended as a form of 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city', or 'πολίτης' (politēs), meaning 'citizen'. If it were 'πόλεων' (poleon), it would be the genitive plural of 'city'. If it were 'πολίτην' (politēn), it would be the accusative singular of 'citizen'. Without further context or correction, its precise meaning and usage are uncertain.

Inflection: Unknown or likely a misspelling. If it were 'πόλεων', it would be Genitive, Plural, Feminine. If it were 'πολίτην', it would be Accusative, Singular, Masculine.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G0396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-trah-PEH-nai

Translations: to be overthrown, to be subverted, to be overturned, to be ruined, to be destroyed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be overthrown, subverted, or overturned. It describes a state of being completely overturned or ruined, often referring to structures, systems, or even people's faith. It is used to indicate a complete reversal or destruction of something previously established.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, back') and τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn up' or 'to turn back', leading to the sense of overturning or subverting.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-af-thar-AY-nye

Translations: to be corrupted, to be destroyed, to be ruined, to be spoiled, to be depraved, to be wasted, to be annihilated

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'διαφθείρω' (diaphtheirō). It means 'to be corrupted' or 'to be destroyed'. It describes a state of decay, ruin, or moral depravity that happens to something or someone, often implying a complete and irreversible change for the worse. It can be used to describe the destruction of physical objects, the ruin of a city, or the moral corruption of individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΣΘΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΕΣΘΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΥΕΣΘΑΙ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0749, G2532

Part of Speech: Noun, Conjunction

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ah-KAI

Translations: high priest and, a high priest and

Notes: This is a compound word formed by combining the noun 'archierea' (the accusative singular form of 'archiereus', meaning 'high priest') and the conjunction 'kai' (meaning 'and'). Therefore, the combined word means 'high priest and' or 'a high priest and'. It would be used to connect a high priest to something else in a sentence, often as the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine (for ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΑ); Does not inflect (for ΚΑΙ)

G1492, G615

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EYE-don ah-pes-fahg-MEH-non

Translations: I saw having been slain, I beheld having been slaughtered, I perceived having been killed

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the verb 'I saw' (εἶδον) and the perfect passive participle 'having been slain' (ἀπεσφαγμένον). It describes the action of seeing something that has already been killed or slaughtered. The first part, 'εἶδον', is the aorist active indicative, first person singular, meaning 'I saw'. The second part, 'ἀπεσφαγμένον', is a perfect passive participle, singular, neuter, accusative, meaning 'having been slain' or 'having been slaughtered'. It indicates a completed action that was done to the subject.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative (for ΕἸΔΟΝ); Singular, Neuter, Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle (for ἈΠΕΣΦΑΓΜΕΝΟΝ)

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G4586

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SEM-nos

Translations: reverent, venerable, serious, honorable, grave, dignified, a reverent, a venerable, a serious, an honorable, a grave, a dignified

Notes: This word describes something or someone as worthy of respect, honorable, or serious. It implies a sense of dignity and gravity, often associated with moral integrity and a composed demeanor. It can be used to describe people, actions, or things that command respect due to their inherent worth or solemnity.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb σέβομαι (sebomai), meaning 'to revere' or 'to worship'. It describes that which is worthy of reverence or respect.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3691

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ONG-kon

Translations: mass, bulk, weight, importance, pride, arrogance, a mass, a bulk, a weight, an importance, a pride, an arrogance

Notes: This word refers to a physical mass or bulk, indicating something large or heavy. Metaphorically, it can denote importance, dignity, or even an inflated sense of self, such as pride or arrogance. It is used to describe the significant presence or impact of something, whether literal or figurative.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ax-EE-as

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable, due, proper, of worth, of dignity, value, worth, dignity, an office, a position

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving', or as a noun meaning 'worth' or 'dignity'. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as having appropriate value or merit. As a noun, it refers to the inherent value, standing, or importance of a person or thing. In the provided form, it is typically a genitive singular, meaning 'of worth' or 'of dignity', or it can be an accusative plural feminine adjective meaning 'worthy' or 'due'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine (as a noun); Plural, Accusative, Feminine (as an adjective); Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΙΑ, ΤΙΜΗ, ἈΡΕΤΗ

Etymology: From the root 'ἄγω' (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to weigh', implying something that 'weighs as much as' or 'is of equal value'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-see-kheh

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. ΗΣΕἸΧΕ is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past, or a state that existed in the past. So, it means 'he/she/it was having' or 'he/she/it used to have' or simply 'he/she/it had' in a past continuous sense.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-gah-PAY-koss

Translations: having loved, having cherished, having esteemed, having been fond of

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love' or 'to cherish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who has already performed the action of loving or cherishing. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, often translated as 'having loved' or 'one who has loved'. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, or to introduce a participial phrase.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ΣΤΈΡΓΩ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-SOH-tee-mon

Translations: equal in honor, of equal worth, of equal dignity, an equal in honor

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being equal in honor, worth, or dignity. It is a compound word formed from 'ἴσος' (isos), meaning 'equal', and 'τιμή' (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'worth'. It is used to indicate parity or equivalence in status.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἸΣΟΤΙΜΙΑ, ἸΣΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek adjective ἴσος (isos), meaning 'equal', and the noun τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'worth'.

G5011

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-TAH-toos

Translations: most humble, most lowly, lowest

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'humble' or 'lowly'. It describes something or someone as being in the highest degree of humility or lowliness. It is used to emphasize an extreme state of being humble or of low status.

Inflection: Superlative, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΣΧΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ' (tapeinos) comes from an ancient root meaning 'low' or 'flat'. It evolved to describe a state of being humble or of low social standing.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-leh-LEF-theh-ross

Translations: freedom-loving, liberty-loving, fond of freedom, a freedom-lover

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, friend', and 'ἐλεύθερος' (eleutheros), meaning 'free'. It describes someone who loves freedom or is devoted to liberty. It can be used to characterize a person's disposition or political stance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ, ΑΥΤΟΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek terms: 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'dear, beloved, friend', and 'ἐλεύθερος' (eleutheros), meaning 'free'. The combination signifies a love or fondness for freedom.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: day-mo-kra-TEE-as

Translations: of democracy, of a democracy

Notes: This word refers to the concept of democracy, a system of government where power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through elected representatives. It is a compound word derived from 'δῆμος' (demos), meaning 'people' or 'district', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It is used to describe the form of governance.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'ΔΗΜΟΚΡΑΤΙΑ' is a compound of 'δῆμος' (demos), meaning 'people' or 'district', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'power' or 'rule'. It describes a system of government where the people hold power.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TON-ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: of one's own, of their own, of his own, of her own, of its own, of private, of peculiar

Notes: This word is a compound of the definite article 'τῶν' (ton), meaning 'of the', and the adjective 'ἰδίων' (idion), which is the genitive plural form of 'ἴδιος' (idios). It means 'of one's own' or 'of their own', referring to things or people belonging to the subject. It emphasizes possession or a close relationship, often implying something private, personal, or peculiar to a group or individual. For example, 'τῶν ἰδίων' could refer to 'their own possessions' or 'their own people'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ, ΙΔΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self'. It developed in Greek to refer to what is peculiar to oneself or one's own.

G3087

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: loo-see-teh-LOHN

Translations: profitable, advantageous, useful, beneficial, a profitable thing, an advantageous thing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λυσιτελέω' (lysiteléō), meaning 'to pay what is due, to be profitable, to be advantageous'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is profitable or beneficial. It can be used to describe actions, situations, or things that bring advantage or gain.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩΝ, ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

G4851

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soom-FEH-ron

Translations: advantageous, profitable, useful, beneficial, expedient, what is advantageous, what is profitable, advantage, profit, benefit

Notes: This word describes something that is advantageous, profitable, or beneficial. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate that it is useful or expedient. When used as a neuter substantive (like 'το συμφέρον'), it refers to 'that which is advantageous' or 'the advantage/benefit' itself. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φέρω' (to bear, carry).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: tee-THEM-eh-nos

Translations: placing, setting, laying, putting, appointing, establishing, a placing, a setting, a laying, a putting, an appointing, an establishing

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place, set, lay, or put'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. In the middle voice, it can mean 'placing oneself' or 'having something placed for oneself'. In the passive voice, it means 'being placed' or 'being set'. It can be used to describe someone or something that is being placed, set, or appointed.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G3956, G4160

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pan-tos-poy-OO-meh-nos

Translations: making all things, doing all things, accomplishing everything, performing everything

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every', and 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a present middle/passive participle, it describes someone or something that is in the process of making or doing all things, or having all things made or done to them. It conveys the idea of comprehensive action or involvement in every aspect of something. It can be used to describe someone who is diligent in ensuring everything is done or taken care of.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0269

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MAH-khah

Translations: unconquerable, invincible, irresistible, not to be fought against

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be fought against or overcome. It implies an overwhelming strength or power that makes resistance futile. It is often used to describe forces or entities that are invincible or irresistible.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΚΗΤΟΣ, ΑΗΤΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and μάχη (machē, 'battle, fight'). It literally means 'without battle' or 'not for battle', hence 'unconquerable'.

G4348

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-ko-POO-meh-nos

Translations: stumbling, causing to stumble, offending, causing offense, being offended, being caused to stumble, being a stumbling block

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'προσκόπτω' (proskoptō). It describes someone who is stumbling, causing others to stumble, or being offended. In the middle voice, it can mean 'to stumble' or 'to take offense,' while in the passive voice, it means 'to be caused to stumble' or 'to be offended.' It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates an ongoing action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΙΖΩ, ΠΤΑΙΩ

Etymology: The word προσκόπτω (proskoptō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'against,' and κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to cut.' Thus, it literally means 'to strike against' or 'to stumble upon.'

G318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAYS

Translations: of necessity, of distress, of compulsion, of trouble, of constraint

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation or a difficult situation. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of necessity' or 'of distress', showing that something belongs to or arises from a state of necessity or trouble.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑΣ, ΠΙΕΣΕΩΣ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G1257

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: may-dee-ah-LY-sain-toh

Translations: they might not be dissolved, they might not be broken up, they might not be separated, they might not be destroyed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the negative particle μή (not), the preposition διά (through, apart), and the verb λύω (to loose, release, dissolve). It means 'to not dissolve, to not break up, to not separate, to not destroy'. It describes an action of preventing something from being undone or falling apart. It is used here in a context where a group or entity is prevented from being disbanded or destroyed.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Middle Voice, Optative Mood

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΣΘΩΣΑΝ, ΜΗΔΙΑΦΘΑΡΩΣΙΝ

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G1187

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: dex-ee-OHS

Translations: skillfully, rightly, properly, dexterously

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective meaning 'right' or 'on the right hand side'. It describes an action performed with skill, correctness, or in a proper manner. It can also imply doing something with the right hand, hence 'dexterously'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ, ΕΥ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΔΕΞΙΟΣ (dexios), meaning 'right' or 'on the right hand side', which itself comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'right' or 'south'.

G1308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-roy-n-toh

Translations: they would differ, they would be different, they would excel, they would be better, they would carry through, they would endure

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to differ, to be different, to excel, or to be better. It can also mean to carry through or to endure. It is often used to describe a distinction or superiority between things or people, or to indicate the successful completion or endurance of something.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Optative, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ

G2527

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ka-THO-loo

Translations: altogether, at all, in general, universally

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'altogether,' 'at all,' or 'in general.' It is often used to emphasize a negative statement, meaning 'not at all' or 'by no means.' It can also indicate something that is comprehensive or universal in scope.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΣ, ΟΛΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ὅλος (holos, 'whole, entire'). It literally means 'according to the whole' or 'throughout the whole,' leading to its sense of 'altogether' or ''in general'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PINE

Translations: to say, to speak, to tell

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is used to express the action of speaking or communicating something, often in a general sense without specifying the subject or object of the action. It can be used in various constructions, such as after verbs of commanding or desiring, or to express purpose.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ

Etymology: ΕἸΠΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive of the verb ΕἸΠΩ, which is a suppletive aorist form used with the present tense verbs ΛΕΓΩ and ΦΗΜΙ. Its origin traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.

G3843

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAN-tohs

Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

G1259

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LYOO-thay-san

Translations: they were dissolved, they were dispersed, they were broken up, they were separated

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb λύω (lyo), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. In this form, it describes an action where a group or entity was broken apart, dispersed, or dissolved. It implies a state of being undone or scattered.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-ee-nos

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, powerful, clever, skillful, a terrible, a dreadful

Notes: This adjective describes something as terrible, dreadful, or fearful, often implying a sense of awe or danger. It can also mean mighty or powerful, indicating great strength or influence. In some contexts, it can even refer to someone who is clever or skillful, particularly in a way that is impressive or formidable. It is used to qualify nouns, describing their nature or quality.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to fear' or 'to dread'. It is related to words expressing terror or power.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G5493

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-ei-ROO-toh

Translations: he was taking into hand, he was subduing, he was mastering, he was bringing under control

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb χειρόω (cheiroō), which means 'to take into hand,' 'to subdue,' 'to master,' or 'to bring under control.' It describes an ongoing action in the past where the subject was actively engaged in or experiencing the process of gaining control or mastery over something or someone. It implies a forceful or decisive action.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΟΥΛΟΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

G1700

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-po-DI-zon-tas

Translations: hindering, impeding, obstructing, blocking, preventing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hinder' or 'to impede'. It describes an action of putting obstacles in the way of someone or something, thereby preventing progress or action. It can be used to describe someone who is actively hindering or something that is causing an obstruction.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ἘΜΠΙΠΤΩΝ, ἘΝΕΔΡΕΥΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and ΠΟΔΙΖΩ (podizo), meaning 'to trip' or 'to shackle', which comes from ΠΟΥΣ (pous), meaning 'foot'. Thus, it literally means 'to put a foot in the way' or 'to shackle the feet'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G5147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tree-BAYN

Translations: friction, a rubbing, a wearing away, a delay, a way of life, a practice

Notes: This word refers to the act of rubbing or wearing away, often implying friction or attrition. It can also denote a delay or a prolonged stay, or metaphorically, a way of life or a practice, particularly one involving hardship or discipline. In a sentence, it might describe the wearing down of something, or the passage of time in a particular activity.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΨΙΣ, ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗ, ΟΔΟΣ

G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys

Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans

Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-khon

Translations: they provided, they offered, they gave, they granted, they presented

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide, offer, give, grant, or present'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can be used in sentences to indicate that a group of individuals supplied or made something available.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of 'holding out' or 'presenting from beside oneself'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G5108, G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toy-OO-toh-strah-tay-GOH

Translations: to such a general, to such a commander, to such a leader

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'τοιοῦτος' (such, of such a kind) and 'στρατηγός' (a general or commander). It refers to a general or commander who is of a particular kind or quality, often implied by the context. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to such a general' or 'for such a general'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΥΤΩ ΑΡΧΗΓΩ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΩ ΗΓΕΜΟΝΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-ZEVK-toh

Translations: joined alongside, yoked alongside, connected, associated

Notes: This word is a compound verb form, likely the perfect passive participle (neuter singular, nominative/accusative) or the 3rd person singular perfect passive indicative of the verb 'παρεζεύγνυμι' (parezeugnymi). It means to be joined or yoked alongside, to be connected, or to be associated with something or someone. The root 'ζεύγνυμι' means 'to yoke' or 'to join', and the prefixes 'παρά' (para) meaning 'beside' or 'alongside' and 'ἐκ' (ek) meaning 'out of' or 'from' contribute to the specific sense of being joined or connected in close proximity.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΖΕΥΚΤΟ, ΣΥΝΗΜΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'παρά' (para, 'beside, alongside'), 'ἐκ' (ek, 'out of, from'), and 'ζεύγνυμι' (zeugnymi, 'to yoke, to join'). The root 'ζεύγνυμι' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G3007

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: LEI-po-me-nos

Translations: remaining, left behind, lacking, being left, being deficient, a remainder, one who is left behind

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is being left behind, remaining, or is deficient in some way. It can refer to what is left over after something else has been removed or used, or to something that is missing or wanting.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: proo-OO-khone

Translations: excelling, surpassing, being superior, being preeminent, being prominent, being chief, being first

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'προέχω' (proechō), meaning 'to excel' or 'to be superior'. It describes someone or something that is outstanding, preeminent, or holds a position of advantage or leadership. It can be used to describe a person who is superior in rank, ability, or status, or a thing that is more prominent or excellent than others.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩΝ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ, ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩΝ

G3633

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-mahee

Translations: I think, I suppose, I imagine, I believe

Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to imagine', or 'to believe'. It is often used parenthetically in a sentence, similar to how one might say 'I think' or 'I suppose' in English to express an opinion or a less certain statement.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word Οἴομαι (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: kah-tah-KREE-nah-soh

Translations: unknown

Notes: The word "ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΑΣΟ" appears to be a misspelling or garbled form of a Koine Greek word. It is not a recognized inflection of the verb "κατακρίνω" (katakrinō), which means "to condemn" or "to pass judgment against." It is possible it is a typo for "κατακρίνας" (katakrinas), which is the aorist active participle, masculine nominative singular, meaning "having condemned" or "one who condemned." Alternatively, it could be a highly unusual or non-standard form, or a combination of words. Without further context or clarification, its exact meaning and grammatical function are unclear.

Inflection: Unknown or misspelled form. Possibly intended as Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular, but with an incorrect ending.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G3392

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: meh-mee-as-MEH-nays

Translations: of defiled, of polluted, of stained, of contaminated

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb μιαίνω (miainō), meaning 'to defile,' 'to pollute,' or 'to contaminate.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been defiled or made impure. It indicates a state of having been corrupted or made unclean, often in a moral or ritual sense. For example, it could describe a place, an object, or a person that has become impure.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΣΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word μιαίνω (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to words signifying 'stain' or 'blemish.'

G1014, G1571

Part of Speech: Participle, Infinitive

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-nos ek-ka-thar-THEH-nai

Translations: wishing to be cleansed, desiring to be purified, intending to be purged

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire', and the aorist passive infinitive of the verb 'ἐκκαθαίρω' (ekkathairō), meaning 'to cleanse out' or 'to purify thoroughly'. Together, it means 'wishing to be cleansed' or 'desiring to be thoroughly purified'. It describes someone or something that has the intention or desire to undergo a process of purification.

Inflection: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΕΝΟΣ: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle; ἘΚΚΑΘΑΡΘΗΝΑΙ: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-GEE-ah

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy one, a holy thing

Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe people, places, or things that are set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. It can also refer to a holy person or thing as a noun. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'ΑΓΙΟΣ' (hagios).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΙΑ' comes from the root 'ΑΓΙΟΣ', which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which is set apart or consecrated.

G0472

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-TEKH-oh-meh-noos

Translations: holding fast, clinging to, supporting, attending to, those holding fast, those clinging to, those supporting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it describes someone who is actively holding fast to, clinging to, or supporting something or someone. It implies a firm and steadfast adherence or commitment. It is often used with a genitive object, meaning 'to hold fast to' or 'to cling to' something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ἘΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G5387

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fee-los-TOR-goon-tas

Translations: loving warmly, tenderly affectionate, devoted, a warmly loving one, a tenderly affectionate one, a devoted one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'loving warmly' or 'being tenderly affectionate'. It describes someone who shows strong, natural affection, especially within a family context. It is used to describe individuals who are devoted and caring towards others. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively as a noun itself.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΩΝΤΑΣ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-li-GOO

Translations: of little, of few, a little, few, almost, nearly, a short time, a little while

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ὈΛΙΓΟΣ' (oligos), meaning 'little' or 'few'. As an adjective, 'ὈΛΙΓΟΥ' is typically the genitive singular masculine or neuter form, meaning 'of little' or 'of few'. It can also function adverbially, meaning 'almost' or 'nearly', indicating proximity in time, quantity, or degree. When used adverbially, it often implies 'a little more and then...' or 'just short of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

G4029, G2532

Part of Speech: Participle, Conjunction

Sounds like: peh-ree-KEE-meh-noy KAI

Translations: lying around, surrounding, wearing, and, also, even

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the participle ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ (perikeimenoi) and the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai). ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ is the masculine plural nominative or vocative form of the present middle/passive participle of the verb περίκειμαι (perikeimai), meaning 'to lie around, to surround, to be clothed with, to wear'. ΚΑΙ is a common conjunction meaning 'and', 'also', or 'even'. Together, the phrase would mean 'those who are lying around and', 'those who are wearing and', or 'those who are surrounded and'.

Inflection: ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative. ΚΑΙ: Does not inflect.

G2886

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kos-mee-KAYS

Translations: of worldly, of earthly, of the world

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to the world, earthly matters, or human affairs, often in contrast to spiritual or heavenly things. It can refer to things that are secular, mundane, or related to the physical realm. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses a 'worldly' quality.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΣ (kosmikos) is derived from the Greek word ΚΟΣΜΟΣ (kosmos), meaning 'order, world, universe'. The suffix -ικός (-ikos) forms adjectives indicating 'pertaining to' or 'of the nature of'.

G2356

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thrays-KAY-ahss

Translations: (of) religion, (of) worship, (of) religious observance, (of) piety, a religion

Notes: This word refers to religion, worship, or religious observance. It describes the outward expression of one's devotion to a deity or a set of beliefs, often involving rituals, practices, and a system of faith. It is used to speak about the practice or system of a particular faith.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: From θρησκεύω (thrēskeuō, "to worship"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to θρᾷσσα (thrāssa, "Thracian woman"), referring to the ecstatic worship practices of Thracian cults.

G2757

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-TAR-khon-tes

Translations: beginning, initiating, presiding over, those who begin, those who initiate, those who preside over

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'ἄρχω' (to rule, to begin). As a participle, it describes someone who is in the act of beginning something, initiating an action, or presiding over a ceremony or event. It implies taking the lead or being the first to do something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nays

Translations: of the inhabited earth, of the world, of the Roman Empire, of the inhabited land

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, the world, or more specifically, the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It is often used to denote the entire civilized world as known to the ancients, particularly the Roman Empire. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΥ, ΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' and came to refer to the known world.

G3846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-BAL-loo-sin

Translations: they compare, they risk, they expose, they put alongside, they arrive, they approach

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and the verb βάλλω (ballō, meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'). It means to put things side by side for comparison, to risk or expose oneself, or to arrive or approach a place. Its meaning can vary depending on the context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΙΝΔΥΝΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4496

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: er-RIM-men-oy

Translations: thrown down, cast down, lying prostrate, scattered, abandoned

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, masculine plural, of the verb ῥίπτω (rhiptō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a participle, it describes a state or condition resulting from the action of being thrown or cast. It can be translated as 'those who have been thrown down' or 'having been thrown down', often implying a state of being helpless, neglected, or scattered.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ἘΣΚΥΛΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ῥίπτω (rhiptō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It is related to the idea of a sudden, forceful movement.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eb-LEH-pon-toh

Translations: they were seen, they were looked at, they were observed

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be seen' or 'to be looked at'. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past. So, 'ἘΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΟ' describes an action where a group of people or things were continuously or repeatedly being seen or observed in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ὉΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys

Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ

G4726, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: steh-NAX-ai-TOYS

Translations: to groan, to sigh, to lament, to mourn, the, to the

Notes: This word is a compound of the aorist infinitive of the verb 'στενάζω' (stenazo), meaning 'to groan, to sigh, to lament,' and the dative plural masculine or neuter definite article 'τοῖς' (tois), meaning 'to the' or 'for the.' The combination suggests an action of groaning or sighing directed towards or concerning 'the' (plural masculine or neuter entities). It is not a single inflected word but rather two words written together, which is common in ancient Greek manuscripts due to scriptio continua (writing without spaces).

Inflection: Aorist Infinitive (for ΣΤΕΝΑΞΑΙ), Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (for ΤΟΙΣ)

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-koh

Translations: I think, I suppose, I seem, I appear, I believe, I consider, I resolve, I am determined

Notes: This verb means 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to seem', or 'to appear'. It is often used to express an opinion or a perception. It can also imply a decision or resolution, meaning 'to be determined' or 'to resolve'. When used impersonally (it seems), it often takes an infinitive.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- meaning 'to take, accept'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to seem good, to think, to suppose'.

G3621

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-loh-fy-ROH-meh-neen

Translations: lamenting, bewailing, mourning, a lamenting one, the one lamenting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to lament' or 'to bewail'. It describes someone who is in the act of expressing deep sorrow, grief, or regret, often audibly. It can be used to describe a person or a group of people who are mourning or weeping over something.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΌΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΈΩ, ΚΛΑΊΩ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΟΦΎΡΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the intensive prefix ὀλο- (olo-) meaning 'wholly' or 'completely', and the verb φúρομαι (phyromai), which is related to 'to mix' or 'to defile', but in this context, it conveys the sense of being deeply stirred or agitated. Thus, it means to be completely stirred up with grief.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2549

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-KEE-as

Translations: (of) evil, (of) malice, (of) wickedness, (of) depravity, evil, an evil, malice, a malice, wickedness, a wickedness, depravity, a depravity

Notes: This word refers to the inherent badness, wickedness, or depravity of character. It can also denote malice or ill-will towards others. It is often used in contexts describing moral corruption or harmful actions stemming from a bad disposition.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΙΑ (kakia) comes from the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It refers to the state or quality of being bad.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G5108, G576

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton ah-peh-BEE

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, so great, so many, it turned out, it resulted, it happened

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the adjective/pronoun ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΝ (toiouton) and the aorist indicative active third person singular form of the verb ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ (apobainō). ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΝ means 'such' or 'of such a kind,' referring to something previously mentioned or implied. ἈΠΕΒΗ means 'it turned out' or 'it resulted.' Together, the phrase means 'it turned out such' or 'it resulted in such a way,' indicating the outcome or nature of an event or situation.

Inflection: ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΝ: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; ἈΠΕΒΗ: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G0462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NO-see-ohn

Translations: of unholy, of impious, of wicked, of profane

Notes: This word describes something or someone as unholy, impious, or wicked. It is used to denote a lack of reverence or respect for what is sacred or morally right. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating that the people or things it describes are characterized by unholiness or profanity.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΩΝ, ἈΣΕΒΩΝ, ΜΙΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΟΣΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ὅσιος (hosios), meaning 'holy' or 'pious'. Thus, it literally means 'not holy' or 'without piety'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-ON-tes

Translations: coming upon, approaching, going against, attacking, advancing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are coming upon' or 'those who are approaching'. It describes an action of moving towards something or someone, often with an implication of hostility or purpose, such as to attack or to inspect. It can be used to describe people or things that are advancing or appearing.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΙΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G4969

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-PHA-zon

Translations: they were slaughtering, they were slaying, they were butchering, they were killing

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to slay'. The form 'ἘΣΦΑΖΟΝ' indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, often translated as 'they were slaughtering' or 'they used to slaughter'. It describes the act of killing, especially in a violent or sacrificial manner.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word σφάζω is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an onomatopoeic root representing the sound of striking or cutting.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-KAI-on

Translations: random, a random, chance, a chance, accidental, an accidental, arbitrary, an arbitrary, without purpose, without reason

Notes: This word describes something that is random, accidental, or done by chance, without any specific purpose or reason. It implies a lack of order or deliberate intent. For example, it could be used to describe a random event or an arbitrary decision.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΤΑΚΤΟΣ, ἈΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εἰκαῖος (eikaios) is derived from the adverb εἰκῇ (eikē), meaning 'without plan, at random, by chance'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-leef-THEY-ee

Translations: might be overtaken, might be seized, might be apprehended, might be caught, might be found

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to seize, apprehend, overtake, or find. It can refer to physically catching someone or something, or to mentally grasping or understanding something. In the given form, it expresses a potential or hypothetical action, suggesting that something 'might be' or 'could be' overtaken or found.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Optative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-FTHAY-reh-toh

Translations: was being corrupted, was being destroyed, was being ruined, was being spoiled

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'διαφθείρω' (diaphtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt, destroy, ruin, or spoil'. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and 'φθείρω' (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt, destroy'. In this form, it describes an ongoing action in the past where something was in the process of being corrupted or destroyed by an external force.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G2104

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-GEH-nays

Translations: noble, well-born, high-born, honorable, excellent, nobles, the noble ones

Notes: This word describes someone of noble birth or high social standing, or someone who possesses noble character and excellent qualities. It can refer to individuals who are literally 'well-born' or to those who are 'noble' in spirit and action. It is often used to distinguish people of higher status or moral integrity from others.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΤΙΜΙΟΣ

G4846

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sool-lam-BAH-non-tes

Translations: seizing, arresting, apprehending, helping, assisting, conceiving

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'). As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can mean to seize, arrest, or apprehend someone, or to help and assist someone. In a different context, it can also refer to conceiving a child.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΒΟΗΘΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambano), meaning 'to take', 'to seize', or 'to receive'.

G2602

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tek-KLEI-on

Translations: they were shutting up, they were imprisoning, they were confining, they shut up, they imprisoned, they confined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to shut up,' 'to imprison,' or 'to confine.' It describes the action of enclosing someone or something, often in a restrictive or punitive manner, such as putting someone in prison. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'κατα-' (kata-), meaning 'down' or 'completely,' and the verb 'κλείω' (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close.'

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΛΕΙΩ, ΚΛΕΙΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΛΕΙΩ is derived from the prefix 'κατα-' (kata-), meaning 'down' or 'completely,' and the verb 'κλείω' (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close.'

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-deh-MEH-noos

Translations: bound, tied, fettered, those who are bound, the bound ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has been bound or tied. It indicates a completed action with a continuing state or result. For example, it can refer to 'those who have been bound' or 'things that are tied up'.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΥΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΔΕΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-the-SEH-sthai

Translations: to add, to put to, to give besides, to give in addition

Notes: This word is a future middle or passive infinitive form of the verb προστίθημι (prostithēmi). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Therefore, it literally means 'to put to' or 'to place towards', which translates to 'to add' or 'to give in addition'. It is used to express the action of increasing something or placing something alongside another.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The verb προστίθημι (prostithēmi) is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G0337, G5244

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-EE-reh-sin-hoo-per-tee-THEH-meh-noy

Translations: destruction, killing, taking away, removal, murder, putting over, placing above, deferring, postponing

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the noun 'ἈΝΑΙΡΕΣΙΝ' (anairesin), meaning 'destruction' or 'taking away', and the participle 'ΥΠΕΡΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΙ' (hypertithemenoi), meaning 'placing over' or 'deferring'. The combination suggests 'placing destruction over' or 'deferring destruction'. It describes an action where something is being put off or placed above, specifically in the context of destruction or removal.

Inflection: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΣΙΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; ΥΠΕΡΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΙ: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

G5021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tax-AS-thai

Translations: to arrange, to order, to appoint, to set, to station, to draw up (in battle array)

Notes: This word is an aorist middle infinitive of the verb 'tassō'. It generally means to arrange, order, or appoint. In a military context, it can mean to draw up troops in battle array or to station them. It can also refer to setting something in place or assigning a task.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word 'tassō' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'.

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: MEH-tah-TON

Translations: with, among, after, behind

Notes: This is a preposition that can take different meanings depending on the case of the noun it accompanies. When used with the genitive case, as in this form, it typically means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence. When used with the accusative case, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. In the provided examples, 'ΜΕΤΑΤΩΝ' is a compound of the preposition 'ΜΕΤΑ' and the genitive plural definite article 'ΤΩΝ', meaning 'with the' or 'among the'.

Inflection: Preposition with Genitive Plural Definite Article (Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΝ, ΠΡΟΣ

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-nee-RON

Translations: (of) evil, (of) wicked, (of) bad, (of) harmful, (of) malicious

Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, bad, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical harm, or general badness. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating that the noun possesses these negative qualities. The form ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ is the genitive plural, meaning 'of evil ones' or 'of wicked things/persons', depending on the gender of the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΝΟΜΩΝ

G1168, G1161

Part of Speech: Adjective, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-nas-DEH

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, clever, skilled, but, and, moreover, on the other hand

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the adjective ΔΕΙΝΟΣ (deinos) and the postpositive conjunction ΔΕ (de). ΔΕΙΝΟΣ describes something as terrible, dreadful, or mighty. ΔΕ is a common conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences, often meaning 'but' or 'and', and it always comes second in its clause. Therefore, ΔΕΙΝΑΣΔΕ would mean 'terrible, but' or 'dreadful, and', depending on the context and the specific inflection of ΔΕΙΝΟΣ.

Inflection: ΔΕΙΝΑΣ is the Accusative Plural Feminine form of the adjective ΔΕΙΝΟΣ. ΔΕ does not inflect.

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΑΛΛΑ

G0727

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-NEE-seh-ohs

Translations: of denial, of a denial, of rejection, of a rejection, of renunciation, of a renunciation

Notes: This word refers to the act of denying, rejecting, or renouncing something or someone. It signifies a refusal to acknowledge or accept, often in a context of disavowal or repudiation. It is used to describe the act of denying a claim, a person, or a belief.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΡΗΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΡΡΗΜΑ, ΑΠΟΡΡΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΝΗΣΙΣ (arnēsis) comes from the verb ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ (arneomai), meaning 'to deny, reject, or refuse'.

G0090

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-KEE-as

Translations: of outrage, of insult, of abuse, of torture, of injury, of ill-treatment

Notes: This word refers to an act of outrage, insult, or ill-treatment, often involving physical abuse or torture. It describes a severe form of injury or harm inflicted upon someone. It is typically used in contexts describing suffering or mistreatment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΩΣΙΣ, ΒΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΚΙΑ (aikia) is derived from the verb αἰκίζω (aikizō), meaning 'to treat shamefully, to torture, to outrage'.

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-MEH-non

Translations: endured, persevered, remained, waited patiently

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'ὑπομένω' (hypomenō), meaning 'to endure', 'to persevere', 'to remain under', or 'to wait patiently'. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or the beginning of an action. It can describe someone who was enduring, persevering, or remaining.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

G4761

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: strev-LOU-meh-noy

Translations: being twisted, being distorted, being tortured, being perverted, those who are twisted, those who are tortured

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'στρεβλόω', meaning 'to twist' or 'to distort'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the process of being twisted, distorted, or tortured. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantively, referring to 'those who are being twisted/tortured'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to something being perverted or misinterpreted.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΡΕΦΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G3371

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-ket

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, never again

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It indicates the cessation of a state or action. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He will no longer go there.' The form 'ΜΗΚΕΤ' is an elided form of 'ΜΗΚΕΤΙ', where the final 'ι' is dropped before a vowel at the beginning of the next word.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥΚΕΤ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still).

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G0931

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-SAH-noys

Translations: torments, tortures, pains, tests, trials

Notes: This word refers to extreme pain, suffering, or distress, often inflicted as a punishment or a means of interrogation. It can also refer to a test or trial, especially one that is severe or agonizing. It is a compound word, but its parts are not easily separable into distinct meanings for a layperson.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑΙ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to rub' or 'to test by rubbing a touchstone'. It came to mean a touchstone, then the testing by a touchstone, and finally the torture used to extract information.

G3433, G515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MOH-lis-ay-XEE-oo-n-toh

Translations: they were scarcely deemed worthy, they were hardly considered worthy, they were barely thought worthy, they were scarcely demanding, they were hardly expecting

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the adverb "ΜΟΛΙΣ" (molis), meaning "scarcely, hardly, barely," and a form of the verb "ΑΞΙΟΩ" (axioō), which means "to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to demand, or to expect." The combined word indicates that something was done or experienced with great difficulty, or that someone was barely considered worthy or was hardly demanding/expecting something. It describes an action that was only just accomplished or a state of being barely considered or expected.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

G4815

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-leef-THEN-tes

Translations: having been arrested, having been caught, arrested, caught, seized, apprehended

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb συλλαμβάνω (syllambanō). It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize.' Therefore, it means 'to take together,' 'to seize,' 'to arrest,' or 'to apprehend.' As a passive participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being arrested or caught. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has been taken or apprehended.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G0337, G3571

Part of Speech: Verb, Adverb

Sounds like: ah-nee-ROON-toh-NOOK-tor

Translations: they were being killed at night, they were being put to death at night, they were being destroyed at night

Notes: This appears to be a compound word or a phrase written without spaces, combining the verb 'ἀναιροῦντο' (anērounto) and the adverb 'νύκτωρ' (nyktōr). 'Ἀναιροῦντο' is the 3rd person plural imperfect middle/passive indicative of 'ἀναιρέω', meaning 'to take up, take away, destroy, or kill'. In the passive voice, it means 'they were being killed' or 'they were being destroyed'. 'Νύκτωρ' is an adverb meaning 'by night' or 'at night'. Therefore, the combined meaning is 'they were being killed at night' or 'they were being put to death at night'.

Inflection: Verb: Imperfect, Middle/Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural; Adverb: Does not inflect

G1627

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-fo-ROO-n-tes

Translations: carrying out, bringing forth, bearing out, taking out

Notes: This word is a compound participle formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb of the sentence. It means 'carrying out' or 'bringing forth' and is used to describe the act of physically moving something from one place to another, often from an enclosed space to an open one, or bringing something into existence or view.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΦΈΡΩ, ἘΞΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HEH-teh-roys

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word refers to something that is 'other' or 'different' from what has been previously mentioned or implied. It emphasizes a distinction in kind or character, rather than just numerical difference (which would be expressed by 'ἄλλος'). It is often used to introduce a new or distinct item in a list or comparison. In the provided examples, it refers to 'other gods'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ

G2683

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-PLEEK-sees

Translations: astonishment, amazement, wonder, awe, terror, a terror

Notes: This word refers to a state of being struck with great surprise, wonder, or even fear. It describes the overwhelming emotion one feels when confronted with something extraordinary, unexpected, or awe-inspiring. It can be used to describe the reaction of a crowd to a miracle or a sudden, shocking event.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΞΙΣ, ΘΑΜΒΟΣ, ΦΟΒΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb καταπλήσσω (kataplēssō), meaning 'to strike down, to strike with terror or amazement'. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down') and πλήσσω (plēssō, 'to strike').

G3367, G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: may-deh-nah-tol-MAY-sai

Translations: no one to dare, no one to be bold, no one to venture

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative pronoun ΜΗΔΕΙΣ (mēdeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nobody', and the aorist infinitive ΤΟΛΜΗΣΑΙ (tolmēsai) from the verb ΤΟΛΜΑΩ (tolmaō), meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. Together, it means 'for no one to dare' or 'no one to be bold'. It describes an action that no person should or would undertake.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive (from ΤΟΛΜΑΩ), combined with Accusative, Singular (from ΜΗΔΕΙΣ)

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ ΤΟΛΜΑΩ

G4337

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: pros-AY-kon-tah

Translations: fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate, becoming, due, what is fitting, what is proper, those who are fitting, those who are proper, relatives, kin, kinsfolk

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'prosēkō', meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to belong to'. As an adjective, it describes something that is appropriate, suitable, or proper. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it can refer to 'what is fitting' or, in the plural, 'those who are fitting' or 'relatives'/'kinsfolk' (those who belong to one's family). It implies a sense of obligation or natural connection.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word προσήκω (prosēkō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come' or 'to have arrived'. Together, they convey the idea of 'having come to' or 'belonging to', which then extends to 'being fitting' or 'appropriate'.

G2977

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: lah-THRAI-ah

Translations: secret, hidden, private, clandestine, a secret thing, a hidden thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'secret,' 'hidden,' or 'private.' It describes something done or existing without public knowledge or observation. It can be used to describe actions, meetings, or even things that are kept concealed.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΦΑΙΟΣ, ΑΦΑΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΘΡΑΙΟΣ (lathraios) is derived from the adverb ΛΑΘΡΑ (lathra), meaning 'secretly' or 'privately,' which itself comes from the verb ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ (lanthanō), meaning 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden.'

G2627

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-keh-KLEES-meh-nohn

Translations: of those who have been shut up, of those who have been confined, of those who have been imprisoned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been shut up' or 'having been confined'. It describes a state of being enclosed or imprisoned. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, here indicating 'those who have been shut up'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΛΕΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΕΦΡΑΓΜΕΝΩΝ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1873

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ah-KOO-see

Translations: will hear, will listen to, will answer, will heed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to') and the verb ἀκούω (akouō, meaning 'to hear'). It means to hear, listen to, or answer, often with the implication of giving heed or responding favorably. It is used to describe someone who will listen or respond to a request or prayer.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. The combination implies hearing with attention or responding to what is heard.

G3996

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pen-thoo-MEH-noys

Translations: to those mourning, for those mourning, to those grieving, for those grieving, to the mourners, for the mourners

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, used here in the dative plural. It refers to individuals who are in a state of mourning or grieving. It describes the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something, indicating 'to' or 'for' those who are mourning.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΝΘΕΩ (pentheō) comes from the noun πένθος (penthos), meaning 'grief' or 'mourning'. It describes the act of experiencing or expressing sorrow.

G3996

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pen-THEE-sas

Translations: mourning, having mourned, lamenting, having lamented

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πενθέω' (pentheō), meaning 'to mourn' or 'to lament'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. The aorist tense indicates that the action of mourning or lamenting was completed prior to the action of the main verb in the sentence. It describes someone who has already mourned or is in the state of mourning.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'πενθέω' (pentheō) is derived from 'πένθος' (penthos), meaning 'grief' or 'mourning'. Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to suffering or pain.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AS-kheh

Translations: he was suffering, he suffered, he was enduring, he endured, he was experiencing, he experienced

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to suffer, endure, or experience. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can refer to physical pain, emotional distress, or simply undergoing an event or condition.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣΧΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It is related to the English word 'pathos'.

G2250, G1487, G1519

Part of Speech: Noun, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: hay-MEH-ran-AY

Translations: day, a day, if, into, to, for

Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a phrase formed by the elision of two words: ΗΜΕΡΑΝ (hēmeran), the accusative singular of the noun ΗΜΕΡΑ (hēmera), meaning 'day', and ΕἸ, which could be either the conjunction ΕἸ (ei), meaning 'if', or the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to'. The coronis (inverted comma) indicates this elision. Therefore, it likely means 'day if' or 'into the day'/'to the day'. Given the context of the example, 'into the day' or 'to the day' seems more plausible, suggesting an action occurring or extending into a new day.

Inflection: ΗΜΕΡΑΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine. ΕἸ: Does not inflect (conjunction) or does not inflect (preposition).

G3852

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pah-RAH-boh-los

Translations: reckless, rash, daring, venturesome, dangerous, a dangerous

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something that is reckless, rash, or daring. It implies a willingness to take risks, often to an extreme degree, and can also refer to something that is dangerous or perilous. It is used to characterize actions or individuals who act without due caution, or situations that present significant hazards.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ, ΑΠΕΡΙΣΚΕΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolē, “juxtaposition, comparison, parable”) + -ος (-os, adjectival suffix). It literally means 'placed alongside' or 'comparable', but evolved to mean 'reckless' or 'daring' due to the idea of 'throwing oneself alongside' or 'exposing oneself to danger'.

G3463

Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: MOO-ree-oy

Translations: ten thousand, innumerable, countless, myriad

Notes: This word refers to the number ten thousand. However, it is also frequently used to denote an indefinitely large or countless number, similar to how 'myriad' is used in English. It can function as a numeral or an adjective, describing a quantity of something.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative. It can also be used in other cases (Genitive, Dative, Accusative) and genders (Feminine, Neuter) depending on the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΡΙΘΜΗΤΟΙ, ΑΜΕΤΡΗΤΟΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mey- (to diminish, to change). The word originally referred to a very large, but not necessarily infinite, number, and later specifically to ten thousand.

G3779, G1311

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: OO-tohs-dee-ef-THA-ray-san

Translations: thus they were corrupted, so they were destroyed, in this way they were ruined

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the adverb ΟΥΤΩΣ (OUTOS) meaning 'thus, so, in this way' and the verb ΔΙΕΦΘΑΡΗΣΑΝ (DIEPHTHARESAN), which is the aorist passive indicative third person plural of the verb ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ (DIAPHTHEIRO), meaning 'to corrupt, destroy, ruin completely'. Together, the phrase means 'thus they were corrupted' or 'in this way they were destroyed'. It describes the manner in which a group of people or things underwent complete destruction or moral decay.

Inflection: ΟΥΤΩΣ: Does not inflect; ΔΙΕΦΘΑΡΗΣΑΝ: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

G1223, G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-meh-mee-see-KOH-tess

Translations: having thoroughly hated, having completely hated, having detested

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly,' and the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate.' The word describes a state of having completely or thoroughly hated something or someone. It is used to indicate a settled and deep-seated aversion or detestation.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΕΥΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΕΩ

G0427

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-neh-DEEN

Translations: freely, openly, without restraint, without reserve, without fear

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'freely' or 'openly'. It describes an action performed without hindrance, restraint, or fear, indicating a lack of caution or reservation. It can be used to describe speaking or acting without holding back.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΩΣ, ἈΦΟΒΩΣ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ἀναδίδωμι (anadidomi), meaning 'to give up, to give forth', or more generally from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and δέω (deo, 'to bind'). The adverbial form implies an 'unbinding' or 'unrestrained' action.

G1595, G1345

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ee-roh-NEH-oo-on-toh-dee-kas-TAY-ree-ah

Translations: they feigned courts, they acted ironically towards courts, they mocked courts

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the verb εἰρωνεύομαι (eirōneuomai), meaning 'to dissemble, to feign, to act ironically,' and the noun δικαστήριον (dikastērion), meaning 'a court of justice, a tribunal.' The combined word describes the action of feigning, mocking, or acting ironically towards courts or judicial proceedings. It implies a deceptive or insincere engagement with the legal system.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle Voice (from εἰρωνεύομαι) combined with Accusative Plural (from δικαστήριον)

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G2016

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-fah-neh-STA-tohn

Translations: most illustrious, most prominent, most famous, most notable, most distinguished

Notes: This word is an adjective in the superlative degree, meaning 'most illustrious' or 'most prominent'. It describes someone or something that stands out significantly due to their fame, importance, or distinction. It is used to emphasize the highest degree of visibility or renown.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΤΑΤΩΝ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΤΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιφανής (epiphanḗs), meaning 'manifest, apparent, conspicuous', from ἐπιφαίνω (epiphaínō, 'to show forth, appear'), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, over') and φαίνω (phaínō, 'to shine, appear').

G4388

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-THEM-eh-noy

Translations: having purposed, having proposed, having set before, having intended, having displayed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'protithēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, specifically the act of setting something before oneself, whether literally or figuratively. It often conveys the idea of having a purpose, intention, or plan, or of displaying something publicly.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΣΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΘΕΜΕΝΟΙ

G0926

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: bah-REES

Translations: heavy, weighty, burdensome, grievous, difficult, severe, important, fortifications, strongholds

Notes: This word describes something that is heavy, either literally in weight or figuratively in terms of difficulty, burden, or severity. It can refer to things that are hard to bear or understand. In some contexts, particularly when used in the plural and referring to structures, it can denote 'fortifications' or 'strongholds,' implying their heavy, robust nature.

Inflection: Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΑΡΥΤΗΣ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΡΥΣ (barys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'heavy' or 'weighty.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of weight or burden.

G3942

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-OX-yoo-ne

Translations: provoked, angered, exasperated, incited, irritated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to provoke, anger, or exasperate someone. It implies a strong stirring up of emotion, often negative, and can be used in contexts where someone is incited to wrath or irritation. It is often used in the context of provoking God.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΓΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (para, "beside, by") and ὀξύνω (oxynō, "to sharpen, incite"). It literally means to sharpen beside or to incite strongly.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: lee-AN-tan-dross

Translations: very manly, very courageous, very brave, exceedingly brave

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'λίαν' (lian), meaning 'very' or 'exceedingly', and 'ἀνδρός' (andros), the genitive singular of 'ἀνήρ' (aner), meaning 'man' or 'male'. It describes someone who is exceedingly manly, brave, or courageous. It is used to emphasize a high degree of manliness or valor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ, ΕΥΨΥΧΟΣ, ΘΑΡΡΑΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: A compound word derived from the Koine Greek adverb 'λίαν' (lian), meaning 'very, exceedingly', and the genitive form of 'ἀνήρ' (aner), meaning 'man'.

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: mee-so-po-NEE-ron

Translations: hatred of evil, hatred of wickedness, a hatred of evil, a hatred of wickedness, hating evil, hating wickedness

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'μῖσος' (misos), meaning 'hatred', and 'πονηρός' (ponēros), meaning 'evil' or 'wicked'. As a noun, it refers to the hatred of evil or wickedness. As an adjective, it describes someone or something that hates evil or wickedness. It can be used to describe a characteristic or a sentiment.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟΚΑΚΙΑ, ΜΙΣΟΠΡΑΓΜΟΣΥΝΗ

G5363

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-leh-LEH-theh-ron

Translations: freedom-loving, a freedom-loving thing, liberal, a liberal thing, lover of freedom

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'freedom-loving' or 'liberal'. It describes someone or something that has a strong affection for freedom or liberty. It is formed from the words 'phileo' (to love) and 'eleutheros' (free). It can be used to describe a person, a people, or even a characteristic or principle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ is a compound word derived from the Greek verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of', and the Greek adjective ἐλεύθερος (eleútheros), meaning 'free' or 'at liberty'. It describes someone who loves freedom.

G4145

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLOO-see-oss

Translations: rich, wealthy, abounding, opulent

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses great wealth or an abundance of resources. It can refer to material riches, but also metaphorically to being rich in other qualities, such as faith or good works. It is used to modify nouns, indicating a characteristic of the noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΥΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From πλοῦτος (ploutos, "wealth"). The word is derived from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to flow' or 'to overflow', suggesting an abundance.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-pi-ZEIN

Translations: to hope, to expect, to trust

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to place one's hope, trust, or confidence in someone or something, or to expect something to happen. It often implies a confident expectation, especially in divine promises or future events. It can be used with a preposition like 'ἐπί' (epi) followed by a dative or accusative case to indicate the object of hope or trust.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the noun ἐλπίς (elpis), meaning 'hope'.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-SEE-as

Translations: of substance, of being, of essence, of property, of wealth

Notes: This word refers to the fundamental nature or essence of something, its true being. It can also denote material possessions or wealth. In a philosophical context, it refers to the underlying reality of a thing. In a practical sense, it can mean one's property or estate. The form provided is genitive, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΞΙΣ, ΠΕΡΙΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the present participle feminine of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It refers to 'being' or 'existence', and by extension, the essential nature of something.

G4314, G0000, G609

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ap-os-ke-vah-SESTH-ai

Translations: to prepare oneself in addition, to make ready in addition, to get ready in addition

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ΠΡΟΣ (pros, 'to, toward, in addition'), ΑΠΟ (apo, 'from, off'), and the verb ΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ (skeuazo, 'to prepare, to make ready'). The combination suggests an action of preparing or making ready for oneself, with an added nuance of 'in addition' or 'further'. It implies a thorough or complete preparation, often for a journey or a specific task, and emphasizes that this preparation is an additional step or a preparation for oneself.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-ee

Translations: he completes, she completes, it completes, he finishes, she finishes, it finishes, he performs, she performs, it performs, he fulfills, she fulfills, it fulfills, he pays, she pays, it pays

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to complete,' 'to finish,' 'to perform,' 'to fulfill,' or 'to pay.' It is used to describe the bringing of something to an end or to its intended purpose. For example, one might 'complete' a task, 'fulfill' a prophecy, or 'pay' a tax.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-THEH-n-tes

Translations: having put around, having placed around, having put on, having placed on, having surrounded, having clothed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition περί (peri, meaning 'around') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to put' or 'to place'). It describes the action of putting something around or on something else, often implying a surrounding or encircling motion. It can also mean to clothe someone or something with an item.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ

G4976

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKHEE-mah

Translations: form, a form, figure, a figure, appearance, an appearance, fashion, a fashion, outward show

Notes: This word refers to the outward form, appearance, or fashion of something. It describes the external shape or presentation, often implying something that is transient or superficial, as opposed to the inner essence or nature. It can be used to describe the physical shape of an object, the manner or style of a person's behavior, or the general state of things.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΡΦΗ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold', through its perfect passive stem, referring to that which is held or has a certain shape or condition.

G1348, G2048

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-kas-TON eh-REH-mon

Translations: of judges, desolate, deserted, solitary, a desolate place

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by two words: "ΔΙΚΑΣΤΩΝ" (dikastōn) and "ἘΡΗΜΟΝ" (erēmon). "ΔΙΚΑΣΤΩΝ" is the genitive plural of "δικαστής" (dikastēs), meaning 'judge' or 'juror', so it translates to 'of judges' or 'of jurors'. "ἘΡΗΜΟΝ" is the neuter form of the adjective "ἔρημος" (erēmos), meaning 'desolate', 'deserted', or 'solitary'. When combined, the phrase likely refers to a place or situation that is 'desolate of judges' or 'without judges', implying a lack of legal authority or a deserted court. It could also refer to a 'deserted place of judges'.

Inflection: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΩΝ: Plural, Genitive, Masculine; ἘΡΗΜΟΝ: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

G4229, G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRAHG-mah-tah-ROH-my-oys

Translations: to the Roman affairs, to the Roman matters, to the Roman business

Notes: This word is a compound noun, likely formed from 'πράγματα' (pragmata), meaning 'affairs, matters, things, business', and 'Ῥωμαίοις' (Rhomaiois), the dative plural of 'Ῥωμαῖος' (Rhomaios), meaning 'Roman'. The combination suggests 'Roman affairs' or 'matters pertaining to the Romans'. The specific form 'ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑΡΩΜΑΙΟΙΣ' is highly unusual and not a standard Koine Greek word found in lexicons. It appears to be a unique or possibly coined term, or a misspelling/garbling of more standard phrasing. If it were a standard compound, it would likely be structured differently, perhaps with a genitive or an adjective. Given its unusual nature, it's difficult to ascertain its precise intended meaning without further context, but it clearly refers to something related to 'Roman affairs' or 'Roman matters'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oo-es-pa-see-a-NON

Translations: Vespasian

Notes: This word refers to Vespasian, a Roman Emperor who reigned from 69 to 79 AD. He was a significant figure in Roman history, particularly known for his role in the Jewish-Roman War and for founding the Flavian dynasty. The form given is the accusative singular, indicating that he is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name "Vespasian" is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman family name Vespasianus. It is a cognomen, a type of surname used in ancient Rome.

G1650

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leng-khoss

Translations: reproof, a reproof, conviction, a conviction, proof, a proof, rebuke, a rebuke

Notes: This word refers to a strong conviction, a demonstration of truth, or a reproof that brings someone to a realization of their error. It implies a process of examination or cross-examination that leads to a clear and undeniable conclusion, often with the intent to correct or expose. It can be used in contexts of legal proof, moral conviction, or disciplinary rebuke.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΔΕΙΞΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ἘΛΕΓΧΟΣ" comes from the verb "ἐλέγχω" (elenchō), meaning 'to convict, refute, expose, or put to the test'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term related to scrutiny and demonstration.

G2723

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tay-go-roo-MEH-non

Translations: of those accused, of those being accused, of the accused

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'of those who are being accused' or 'of the accused ones'. It refers to individuals against whom charges are being brought or who are currently undergoing an accusation. It is used to describe the people who are the subject of a legal or formal complaint.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΩΚΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G5039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tek-MEH-ree-on

Translations: proof, evidence, sign, a proof, an evidence

Notes: This word refers to a sure sign or a conclusive proof, something that provides undeniable evidence. It is used to denote a definitive indication or demonstration of a fact or truth. For example, one might present 'tekmerion' to support an argument or to show that something is true.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb τεκμαίρομαι (tekmairomai), meaning 'to fix a limit, determine, judge,' which is related to τέκμαρ (tekmar), meaning 'a fixed mark, goal, or sign.' The word thus conveys the idea of something that serves as a definitive marker or indicator.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-PEES-thai

Translations: to be persuaded, to have been persuaded, to be convinced, to have been convinced, to trust, to have trusted

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō), which means 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. As a perfect infinitive, it conveys the sense of a completed action with ongoing results, meaning 'to have been persuaded' or 'to be in a state of having been persuaded/convinced'. It can also mean 'to trust' or 'to have trusted' in a passive sense, indicating a state of reliance or confidence.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΕΙΝ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΕΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind, to tie, to persuade'. It is related to words signifying trust, faith, and obedience.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OON

Translations: they were thinking worthy, they were deeming worthy, they were demanding, they were asking, they were requesting

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to demand,' 'to ask,' or 'to request.' It implies that the subjects were considering something or someone to be deserving of a particular action or status, or that they were making a strong request or demand.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G4923

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soon-ee-DON

Translations: having seen, having perceived, having understood, having considered, having observed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'having perceived'. It describes an action completed in the past that leads to a subsequent action or state. It is often used to indicate that someone has taken notice of something, understood a situation, or considered a matter before acting.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΗΣΑΣ, ΓΝΟΥΣ

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-ahn

Translations: no, not one, none, not any, (not) a single

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to emphasize the complete absence of something, often in a prohibitive or conditional context. It combines the negative particle 'μη' (mē) with 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'. It developed in ancient Greek to express a strong, subjective negation of 'one' or 'any', particularly in contexts of prohibition or potentiality.

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lay-POH-meh-neen

Translations: being left behind, remaining, a remaining one, the one being left behind

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being left behind' or 'remaining'. It describes something that is in the process of being left behind or that continues to exist after others have gone. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λείπω (leipo), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'. It is used to describe a state or action that is happening to the subject.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΗΝ

G1340

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kas-TEE-ree-on

Translations: judgment seat, a judgment seat, tribunal, a tribunal, court, a court

Notes: This word refers to a place where legal judgments are made, such as a court of law or a tribunal. It is the location where a judge or judges preside to hear cases and render decisions. It can be used to describe any official place of judgment.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΗΜΑ, ΚΡΙΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ is derived from the verb δικάζω (dikazō), meaning 'to judge', and the suffix -τήριον (-tērion), which denotes a place or instrument. Thus, it literally means 'place of judging'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-poy-AY-sah-toh

Translations: made, did, performed, accomplished, produced, caused, made for himself, did for himself

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies that the action is done by the subject for themselves, or for their own benefit, or that the subject is involved in the result of the action. It can be used in various contexts, such as making something, performing an action, or causing an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G0615

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pog-NO-sin

Translations: despair, desperation, hopelessness, a despair, a desperation, a hopelessness

Notes: This word refers to a state of complete loss of hope, a feeling of utter hopelessness or desperation. It describes the condition of being without any expectation of good or success, often leading to a sense of abandonment or giving up.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΘΥΜΙΑ, ἈΠΕΛΠΙΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and γνῶσις (gnosis), meaning 'knowledge' or 'understanding'. The combination suggests a 'lack of knowledge' or 'ignorance' that leads to a state of despair, or a 'giving up of knowledge/hope'.

G524

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-par-ray-see-AS-ton

Translations: without boldness, without freedom of speech, unexpressed, unspoken

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'without boldness' or 'without freedom of speech'. It describes someone who lacks confidence or the ability to speak freely and openly. It can also refer to something that is unexpressed or unspoken. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'παρρησία' (parrhesia), meaning 'boldness' or 'freedom of speech'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

G2525

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAS

Translations: having appointed, having established, having set, having stood, having been appointed, having been established, having been set, having been stood

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi), meaning 'to appoint,' 'to establish,' or 'to set.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective or adverb, often translated with 'having' (e.g., 'having appointed'). It can describe someone who has been put in a position of authority or who has established something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' The combination suggests the action of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G4006

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pee-tha-NON

Translations: plausible, probable, persuasive, likely, probably, a plausible thing, a probable thing

Notes: This word describes something that is likely to be true or easily believed, often because it is persuasive or convincing. As an adjective, it can modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being plausible or probable. As a neuter singular form, it can function as a noun meaning 'the plausible' or 'the probable'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'probably' or 'plausibly'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΙΚΟΤΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΘΑΝΟΣ derives from the Greek verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. It describes something that is capable of being persuaded or is persuasive itself.

G2723, G1229, G5512

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tay-gor-ay-MEH-non-dee-ekh-LEH-oo-ah-seh

Translations: he scoffed at the accused, he mocked those who had been accused

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of two words run together: 'κατηγορημένων' (katēgorēmenōn) and 'διεχλεύασε' (diechleuasē). 'Κατηγορημένων' is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter perfect passive participle of 'κατηγορέω' (katēgoreō), meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. It refers to 'those who have been accused' or 'of those who have been accused'. 'Διεχλεύασε' is the third person singular aorist active indicative of 'διαχλευάζω' (diachleuazō), meaning 'to mock thoroughly', 'to scoff at', or 'to ridicule'. Together, the phrase means 'he scoffed at those who had been accused' or 'he thoroughly mocked the accused ones'.

Inflection: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΗΜΕΝΩΝ: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders. ΔΙΕΧΛΕΥΑΣΕ: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular.

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ. ΔΙΑΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LOO-sah-toh

Translations: he released, he dismissed, he acquitted, he sent away, he divorced

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative middle voice, third person singular form of the verb 'ἀπολύω'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to release oneself', 'to dismiss for oneself', or 'to divorce'. It can be used to describe someone releasing a person or a group, dismissing a charge, or sending someone away, including in the context of divorce.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΗΜΙ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπολύω is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'.

G2025

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-feh-ROH-meh-nas

Translations: being brought upon, being inflicted, being carried against

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being brought upon' or 'being inflicted'. It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, where the subject is receiving the action. It is often used to describe things that are being brought against someone, such as accusations, or things that are being inflicted, such as punishments or burdens.

Inflection: Plural, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΑΣ

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G2725

Part of Speech: Noun, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROOS

Translations: accusers, a prosecutor, prosecutors, those who accuse

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'accuser' or 'prosecutor', or as a participle of the verb 'to accuse'. In its noun form, it refers to individuals who bring charges or make accusations against others. As a participle, it describes those who are in the act of accusing. It is typically used in legal or formal contexts where someone is being charged with a wrongdoing.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΟΣ (katēgoros) is a compound word derived from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to speak in the assembly'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks against' someone in a public forum or court.

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ap-os-TREP-sas

Translations: having turned back, having returned, having turned away, having averted

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἈΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ'. It means 'to turn back', 'to return', 'to turn away', or 'to avert'. As a participle, it describes an action completed before or at the same time as the main verb, often translated as 'having turned back' or 'when he/she/it had turned back'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'στρέφω' (to turn).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

G1836

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ex-ACE

Translations: next, following, in a row, in succession, consecutively, thereafter, subsequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'next' or 'in succession'. It is used to indicate that something follows in order, either spatially or temporally. For example, it can describe events happening one after another, or items arranged consecutively.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΦΕΞΗΣ, ΚΑΘΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ἑξῆς, which is related to ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It conveys the idea of 'holding out' or 'following out' in sequence.

G3956, G0846

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PA-sas-ow-TON

Translations: all of them, all of themselves, all of their own, all of their

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the adjective ΠΑΣΑΣ (pasas) and the pronoun ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ (autōn). ΠΑΣΑΣ means "all" (feminine, accusative plural), and ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ means "of them" or "of themselves" (genitive plural). Together, the phrase means "all of them" or "all of their own (things)", referring to a group of feminine nouns. It is used to indicate that something applies to or involves the entirety of a group.

Inflection: ΠΑΣΑΣ: Accusative, Plural, Feminine; ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ὉΛΟΣ, ἉΠΑΣ

G1330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eks-AY-ee

Translations: went through, passed through, went out, passed out, went over, passed over, related, recounted

Notes: This is an inflected form of the compound verb ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (diexerchomai), which means 'to go through, pass through, or go out'. It can also mean 'to relate' or 'to recount' something in detail, as if going through the details one by one. It is formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia, 'through') and the verb ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai, 'to go out').

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', and the verb ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out'. ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself is a compound of ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come or go'.

G3892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEE-as

Translations: of lawlessness, of iniquity, of transgression, of a lawlessness, of an iniquity, of a transgression

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of being without law, or acting contrary to law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It is used to describe actions or a state of being that goes against established laws, whether divine or human.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G4797

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soong-KHY-se-ohs

Translations: of confusion, of disorder, of disturbance, of a confusion, of a disorder, of a disturbance

Notes: This word refers to a state of confusion, disorder, or disturbance. It can describe a chaotic situation, a mixing up of things, or a state of mental bewilderment. It is often used to describe a lack of clarity or order.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΑΤΑΞΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ (synchysis) comes from the verb ΣΥΓΧΕΩ (syncheō), meaning 'to pour together, to mix up, to confuse'. It is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with, together', and the verb ΧΕΩ (cheō), meaning 'to pour'.

G2350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tho-RY-boo-oon

Translations: they were disturbing, they were making a commotion, they were troubled, they were agitated

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, third person plural. It describes an ongoing action in the past, meaning 'they were making a loud noise, a disturbance, or a commotion'. It can also imply being troubled, agitated, or thrown into confusion. It is used to describe a group of people causing a disturbance or being in a state of agitation.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ (thorybeō) comes from the noun θόρυβος (thorybos), meaning 'noise, clamor, uproar, tumult'.

G3433

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MOH-lees

Translations: with difficulty, scarcely, hardly, barely, just, only just

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something is done with great effort or difficulty, or that it happens only just in time or to a very limited extent. It can convey the idea of something barely happening or being achieved. For example, 'he barely escaped' or 'they arrived only just'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΩΣ, ΣΧΕΔΟΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word μόλος (molos), meaning 'toil' or 'struggle'.

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-kra-TOON

Translations: they were holding back, they were restraining, they were keeping back

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hold back', 'to restrain', or 'to keep back'. It describes an action of preventing something or someone from moving forward or acting. It is often used in contexts where there is an effort to control or suppress.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΠΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'κρατέω' (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, rule, prevail, hold fast'. It signifies holding something firmly away or restraining it.

G1340, G3360

Part of Speech: Noun, Preposition

Sounds like: dee-kas-tee-REE-oo-MEKH-ree

Translations: until the court, up to the court, as far as the court

Notes: This is a compound word formed by combining the genitive singular form of the noun 'δικαστήριον' (dikastērion), meaning 'court of justice' or 'tribunal', and the preposition/adverb 'μέχρι' (mechri), meaning 'until' or 'up to'. Therefore, the compound word means 'until the court' or 'up to the court'. It indicates a limit or boundary in time or space related to a judicial setting.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Neuter (for ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΥ); Does not inflect (for ΜΕΧΡΙ)

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-loos

Translations: of an end, of a goal, of a completion, of a purpose, of a result, of a tax, of a custom, of a toll

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the neuter noun 'telos'. It refers to an end, a goal, a completion, a purpose, or a result. In some contexts, it can also refer to a tax, custom, or toll. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions or verbs.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- 'to lift, support, weigh'. The word evolved to mean a 'standing place', then 'boundary', and finally 'end' or 'goal'.

G3815

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PAI-xai

Translations: to play, to sport, to mock, to make fun of, to make sport of

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'παίζω'. It means 'to play' or 'to sport', often in a lighthearted or childish sense. However, in some contexts, especially when used with a preposition like 'ἐν' or 'εἰς', it can take on a more negative connotation, meaning 'to mock', 'to ridicule', or 'to make fun of someone'. The provided examples show it used in the sense of mocking or making sport of someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΩΜΩΔΕΩ

G4264

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-ahee-ROO-meh-noy

Translations: choosing, preferring, purposing, intending, deciding, selecting, resolving, a choosing, a preferring

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'choosing for oneself,' 'preferring,' 'purposing,' or 'intending.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take,' 'to choose,' or 'to grasp.' Thus, it literally means 'to take before' or 'to choose beforehand,' implying a deliberate decision or preference. It describes someone who is in the act of making a choice or setting a purpose.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: The verb προαιρέω (prohaireō) is formed from the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of,' and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose.' The combination signifies 'to choose before' or 'to prefer.'

G2309, G3588

Part of Speech: Participle, Article

Sounds like: theh-LON-tes-TOOS

Translations: wanting, wishing, desiring, those who want, those who wish, those who desire

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the present active participle of the verb 'θέλω' (thelo), meaning 'to wish' or 'to want', and the definite article 'τοὺς' (tous), meaning 'the' (masculine/feminine accusative plural). The combination 'ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ ΤΟΥΣ' would typically be written as two separate words, 'ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ τοὺς'. When combined as one word, it functions as 'those who want' or 'wanting those'. It describes a group of people who are in the act of wanting or wishing for something, often followed by an infinitive or an object.

Inflection: Participle: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative Plural. Article: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mnays-THAY-son-tai

Translations: they will remember, they will recall, they will be mindful

Notes: This word is a future passive indicative form of the verb 'μιμνήσκω' (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be reminded' or 'to remember'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, specifically that a group of people will remember or be reminded of something. It is often used in contexts where people are called to recall past events, covenants, or God's name.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΛΕΤΑΩ

G1342

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: too-dee-KAH-ee-oo

Translations: of the righteous, of the just, of the right, of what is right

Notes: This word is a compound of the definite article 'τοῦ' (tou), meaning 'of the', and the adjective/noun 'δικαίου' (dikaiou), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It refers to something belonging to or pertaining to a righteous person or to what is inherently right or just. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right or law.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kree-NOH-meh-noh

Translations: judging, being judged, deciding, being decided, discerning, being discerned, disputing, being disputed, condemning, being condemned

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'judging' or 'being judged'. It describes an ongoing action of judging, deciding, or discerning. It can also imply disputing or condemning. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its precise meaning often depends on the context and the case it is in. In this form, it is a dative singular participle.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes

Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G0337

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-REH-seh-ohs

Translations: of destruction, of taking away, of putting to death, of murder

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of taking up, taking away, or removing something. In a more severe context, it can mean destruction, putting to death, or murder. It is often used to describe the violent termination of life or the complete removal of something.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΕΙΑ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΦΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀναίρεσις (anairesis) comes from the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō), meaning 'to take up, take away, destroy, kill'. It is formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-THEE

Translations: it was lifted, it was taken away, it was carried, it was raised

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb was the recipient of the action. It means 'to be lifted,' 'to be taken up,' 'to be carried,' or 'to be removed.' For example, 'the burden was lifted' or 'he was taken away.'

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΗΦΘΗ, ΥΨΩΘΗ, ΑΠΗΡΘΗ

Etymology: The verb 'αἴρω' (airō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift, to raise, to take up.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G2207, G4314

Part of Speech: Noun, Preposition

Sounds like: zay-loh-TON pros

Translations: of zealots toward, of zealots to, of zealots against, of zealots with, of zealots for

Notes: This word appears to be a compound or a transcription error, combining the genitive plural form of the noun 'ΖΗΛΩΤΗΣ' (zelotes), meaning 'zealot' or 'one who is zealous', with the preposition 'ΠΡΟΣ' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with, against, for'. It is most likely that these two words should be separated as 'ΖΗΛΩΤΩΝ ΠΡΟΣ'. If treated as a single unit, it would convey the idea of something belonging to or related to zealots, directed towards or in relation to something else. For example, 'of the zealots toward the city'.

Inflection: Noun: Plural, Genitive, Masculine; Preposition: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΕΥΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-NAK-tee-sis

Translations: indignation, an indignation, vexation, displeasure

Notes: This word refers to a strong feeling of displeasure, indignation, or vexation. It describes a state of being greatly annoyed or angered by something perceived as unfair, unjust, or unworthy. It can be used to describe the emotional reaction to a situation or event.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΘΥΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀγανάκτησις (aganaktēsis) is derived from the verb ἀγανακτέω (aganakteō), meaning 'to be indignant' or 'to be greatly displeased'.

G4363

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-pes-ON-tes

Translations: falling down, having fallen down, prostrating themselves, prostrating himself, prostrating herself

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō), meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall down before'. It describes an action of falling down, often in an act of supplication, worship, or reverence. It can be used to describe someone prostrating themselves before another person or a deity, indicating humility or submission.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō) is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in front of', and 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G1311, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: dee-ah-FTHAY-roo-see-TON

Translations: they corrupt the, they destroy the, they ruin the, they spoil the, they deprave the

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the verb 'διαφθείρω' (diaphtheirō) and the definite article 'τόν' (ton). The verb 'διαφθείρω' means to corrupt, destroy, ruin, spoil, or deprave. The form 'διαφθείρουσι' indicates the third person plural, present active indicative, meaning 'they corrupt' or 'they destroy'. The article 'τόν' is the masculine singular accusative form of 'the'. Therefore, the combined word means 'they corrupt the' or 'they destroy the'. It would be used in a sentence where a plural subject is performing the action of corrupting or destroying a masculine singular object.

Inflection: Verb: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative; Article: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'διαφθείρω' is a compound of 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and 'φθείρω' (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. The article 'τόν' (ton) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *so-, *seh₂-, *tod-.

G2039

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ikh-lev-A-san-tes

Translations: having mocked, having scoffed at, having derided

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἐπιχλευάζω'. It describes an action of mocking or scoffing that has been completed. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, against) and 'χλευάζω' (to mock, to scoff). It indicates an action of derision directed at someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐπιχλευάζω is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the verb χλευάζω (chleuazo), meaning 'to mock' or 'to scoff'. The root χλευάζω is thought to be onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of scornful laughter.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G2251, G3588

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Article

Sounds like: hay-MOHN-teen

Translations: of us the, our the

Notes: This appears to be a compound of two separate Koine Greek words, 'ἡμῶν' (hēmōn) and 'τήν' (tēn), written together without a space. 'Ἡμῶν' is the genitive plural of the first-person pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. 'Τήν' is the accusative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. When combined, it would typically mean 'our the [feminine noun]', indicating possession of a specific feminine object. For example, 'our the house' (if 'house' were feminine).

Inflection: ΗΜΩΝ: Plural, Genitive, All genders; ΤΗΝ: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

G0949

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: beh-bai-oh-TEH-ran

Translations: more firm, more sure, more steadfast, more certain, more secure

Notes: This word is the feminine singular accusative form of the comparative adjective 'βέβαιος' (bebáios), meaning 'firm' or 'sure'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of firmness, certainty, or security. It is used to describe something that is more stable, reliable, or confirmed than something else, often modifying a feminine noun in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Comparative Degree

Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΕΣΤΕΡΑΝ, ΠΙΣΤΟΤΕΡΑΝ, ΣΤΕΡΕΩΤΕΡΑΝ

Etymology: The word βέβαιος (bebáios) comes from the verb βαίνω (baínō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step', implying something that stands firm or is well-grounded.

G5223

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-KEE-me-nes

Translations: of lying under, of being subject, of being underlying, of being at the bottom, of being situated, of being the basis

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hypokeimai', meaning 'to lie under' or 'to be subject to'. It describes something that is underlying, situated beneath, or serving as a foundation or basis for something else. It can also refer to something that is subject to a particular condition or influence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under”) + κεῖμαι (keîmai, “to lie”).

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-trahm-MEH-noys

Translations: (to) turned away, (to) turned back, (to) averted, (to) returned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been turned away' or 'having been turned back'. It describes a state of being turned away or averted, often implying a rejection or a return. It is used to describe people or things that have undergone this action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and στρέφω (strephō, "to turn").

G5180

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: TOOP-ton-tes

Translations: striking, beating, smiting, hitting, those who strike, those who beat, those who smite, those who hit

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'τύπτω', meaning 'to strike' or 'to beat'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In this form, it refers to 'those who are striking' or 'while striking'. It can be used to describe the action of a group of people.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΚΟΠΤΩ

G1856

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ex-OH-say-san-TOO

Translations: (of) having driven out, (of) having expelled, (of) having pushed out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ἐξωθέω (exōtheō), meaning 'to drive out', 'to expel', or 'to push out'. As a genitive participle, it describes the action of someone or something having performed the act of driving out, often indicating cause, time, or circumstance. It functions similarly to a subordinate clause in English, such as 'when they had driven out' or 'because they had driven out'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξωθέω (exōtheō) is a compound of ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: fay-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: sparing, having spared, showing mercy, having shown mercy, having refrained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'φείδομαι', meaning 'to spare' or 'to show mercy'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone has spared or refrained from something. It is often used in contexts where someone holds back from harming, punishing, or using something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΕΩ, ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ

G4650

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-NAH-skeh-DAHS-then-tes

Translations: scattered, dispersed, having been scattered, having been dispersed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been scattered' or 'having been dispersed'. It describes a state of having undergone the action of being scattered. It is often used to describe people or things that have been spread out or separated from a group. The prefix 'ΙΝΑ' (hina) is a conjunction meaning 'in order that' or 'so that', which indicates purpose. Therefore, the full phrase 'ΙΝΑΣΚΕΔΑΣΘΕΝΤΕΣ' means 'in order that they might be scattered' or 'so that they might be dispersed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ

G0303

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: ah-NAH

Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon

Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.

G3338

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-MEH-leh

Translations: regretted, repented, changed one's mind

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb μεταμέλω (metamelō) or μεταμέλομαι (metamelomai). It means to regret, to repent, or to change one's mind. It describes a past action where someone experienced a change of heart or remorse concerning something they did or intended to do.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “with, after, among”) + μέλω (mélō, “to care for, be an object of care”). It implies a change of care or concern.

G4312

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-IS-tah-toh

Translations: stood by, stood near, approached, was at hand, was present, was troublesome, was annoying, was offensive

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'prosistēmi', meaning 'to stand by or near'. It can also convey the sense of approaching, being at hand, or being present. In some contexts, particularly when referring to things or actions, it can take on a negative connotation, meaning 'to be troublesome, annoying, or offensive' to someone. It describes a state of being near or present, or an action of coming near.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

G4238

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: PRAH-toh-meh-nah

Translations: things done, deeds, actions, a deed, an action

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It refers to 'things being done' or 'actions'. It is often used substantively to mean 'deeds' or 'actions' in general. It can refer to both good and bad actions, depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ah-gah-GOHN

Translations: having gathered, having brought together, having assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'to gather' or 'to bring together'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject 'having gathered' or 'having assembled' something or someone, then proceeded to do something else. It implies a completed action that precedes the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zay-LOH-tone

Translations: of zealots, of a zealot

Notes: This word refers to those who are zealous, ardent, or fanatical, often in a religious or political sense. In the context of ancient Judea, it specifically refers to members of the Zealot party, a Jewish political movement that sought to incite the people of Judea to rebel against the Roman Empire and expel it from the Holy Land by force of arms. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΝΑΙΟΙ, ΣΙΚΑΡΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΖΗΛΩΤΗΣ (zēlōtēs) comes from the Greek word ζῆλος (zēlos), meaning 'zeal, ardor, rivalry'. It is related to the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), 'to be zealous, to strive after'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1731

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eh-DEIK-noo-toh

Translations: he was showing, he was demonstrating, he was displaying, he was proving, he was exhibiting

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'endeiknumi'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that someone was showing, demonstrating, or displaying something. In the middle voice, it can imply that the subject was showing something for their own benefit or to themselves, or simply that they were exhibiting a quality or action. In the passive voice, it would mean 'was being shown' or 'was being demonstrated'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΊΝΩ, ἘΠΙΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΔΕΊΚΝΥΜΙ (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'.

G4838

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-pa-ra-no-mee-THEN-ta

Translations: having been transgressed together, having been jointly violated, having been sinned against together

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from 'σύν' (with, together), 'παρά' (beside, contrary to), and 'νομέω' (to pasture, to deal out, related to 'νόμος' - law). It describes actions or things that have been transgressed or violated in a shared or collective manner. It implies a joint participation in an unlawful act or a shared experience of something being violated.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

G3389

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: may-tro-PO-leh-ohs

Translations: of a mother city, of a metropolis, of a capital city

Notes: This word refers to a 'mother city' or a 'metropolis,' which was often the capital or chief city of a region or colony. It is a compound word derived from 'mother' (ΜΗΤΗΡ) and 'city' (ΠΟΛΙΣ). It is used to indicate possession or origin from such a city, for example, 'the citizens of the mother city' or 'the laws of the capital city.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗΠΟΛΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ΜΗΤΗΡ (mētēr), meaning 'mother,' and ΠΟΛΙΣ (polis), meaning 'city.' It literally means 'mother city,' referring to a city that founded colonies or was the chief city of a region.

G3903

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-TAS-ses-thai

Translations: to array, to draw up in battle array, to be arrayed, to be drawn up, to be set in order

Notes: This word describes the action of arranging or drawing up troops, typically in a battle formation. It can also refer to being arranged or set in order, often in a military context. It implies a deliberate and organized positioning.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΑΤΤΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word παρατάσσω (paratassō) is a compound word formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange alongside'.

G3303, G1063

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: men-GAR

Translations: for indeed, for, indeed, because

Notes: This word is a compound of the particles 'ΜΕΝ' (men) and 'ΓΑΡ' (gar). 'ΜΕΝ' often introduces a clause that is contrasted with a following clause (often introduced by 'ΔΕ'), signifying 'on the one hand' or 'indeed'. 'ΓΑΡ' means 'for' or 'because', providing a reason or explanation. When combined as 'ΜΕΝΓΑΡ', it functions as a strong explanatory particle, emphasizing the reason or explanation being given, often translated as 'for indeed' or simply 'for' with added emphasis. It's used to introduce a statement that provides a justification or clarification for what has just been said.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΔΙΟΤΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two particles: ΜΕΝ, which is an ancient particle of affirmation or contrast, and ΓΑΡ, which is a postpositive particle used to introduce an explanation or reason. Both particles have deep roots in Proto-Indo-European.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn

Translations: of high priests, of chief priests

Notes: This word refers to those who hold the highest priestly office. In ancient Israel, this was the head of the priesthood, responsible for leading religious ceremonies and sacrifices. In the New Testament, it often refers to the leading members of the Jewish priestly class, including the high priest and other prominent priests.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G4272

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-dee-do-MEH-nays

Translations: of being betrayed, of being given up, of one being betrayed, of one being given up

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being betrayed' or 'being given up beforehand'. It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject. In a sentence, it would function adjectivally, modifying a noun that is in the genitive case and feminine gender, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕΚΔΙΔΟΜΕΝΗΣ

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-REE-kay-nai

Translations: to find, to have found, to discover, to have discovered, to obtain, to have obtained

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ' (euriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after verbs of knowing, saying, or perceiving, or to express purpose or result. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, so 'to have found' or 'to have discovered' is often the most accurate translation.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1565, G5271

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Participle

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nen hoo-po-kree-NO-meh-noos

Translations: that, that one, playing a part, pretending, feigning, acting, interpreting, answering

Notes: This appears to be a concatenation of two Koine Greek words: 'ἘΚΕΙΝΗΝ' (ekeinen) and 'ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ' (hypokrinomenous). 'ἘΚΕΙΝΗΝ' is the accusative singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνος', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. 'ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ' is the masculine accusative plural present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ὑποκρίνομαι', which means 'to play a part, to pretend, to act', or in an older sense, 'to interpret, to answer'. Therefore, the combined phrase would likely mean 'those ones pretending' or 'those ones acting that'. It is highly probable that these two words should be separated in the original text.

Inflection: ἘΚΕΙΝΗΝ: Accusative, Singular, Feminine; ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Present, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΣ, ΜΙΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΟΜΑΙ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAT-tess-thai

Translations: to be guarded, to be kept, to be preserved, to beware, to be on guard, to take heed

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'phylassō'. It means 'to guard' or 'to keep' in the active voice. In the middle or passive voice, as seen here, it means 'to be guarded,' 'to be kept,' or 'to be preserved.' It can also carry the sense of 'to beware' or 'to be on guard against something,' often implying a need for caution or vigilance.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΚΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'phylassō' (from which 'phylattesthai' is derived) comes from the Greek word 'phylax', meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'. It is related to the concept of protection and observation.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EE-kane

Translations: it is fitting, it is proper, it is appropriate, it belongs to, it concerns, it is due

Notes: This verb is typically used impersonally, meaning 'it is fitting' or 'it is proper'. It often takes a dative case to indicate to whom something is fitting or an infinitive to indicate what is fitting. It can also mean 'to belong to' or 'to concern' someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and ἥκω (hēkō, 'to have come, to be present'). The combination implies 'to have come to belong to' or 'to be present as fitting'.

G1254

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-koh-LOO-ayn

Translations: to hinder, to prevent, to forbid, to restrain

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κωλύω (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent'. It means to hinder, prevent, or forbid someone from doing something. It is often used in contexts where an action or process is being stopped or obstructed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and κωλύω (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent'. The root κωλύω is thought to be related to the idea of cutting off or restraining.

G0530

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-pax

Translations: once, once for all, at once, together, all at once

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'once' or 'once for all'. It emphasizes a single, decisive action that is completed and not to be repeated. It can also mean 'at once' or 'together' in certain contexts, indicating simultaneity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΝ, ΕΦΑΠΑΞ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'one' or 'single', and πήγνυμι (pēgnumi), meaning 'to fix' or 'to make firm'. It conveys the idea of something being fixed or done 'once and for all'.

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FOH-noo

Translations: of murder, of slaughter, of killing, murder, slaughter, killing

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder, slaughter, or killing. It is a noun that describes the violent taking of a life. It can be used in various contexts to denote the act itself or the result of such an act.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΝΟΣ (phonos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen-, meaning 'to strike, kill'. It is related to other words in Greek and other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of striking or killing.

G4363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EH-peh-son

Translations: fell down, fell forward, prostrated oneself, fell prostrate

Notes: This word describes the action of falling forward or prostrating oneself, often in a gesture of reverence, submission, or supplication. It can also imply falling down in a general sense, such as collapsing or falling to the ground. It is used to describe a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb πίπτω (píptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-RON

Translations: mountain, a mountain, hill, a hill, boundary, a boundary, limit, a limit

Notes: This word refers to a mountain or a hill. It can also denote a boundary or a limit, marking the edge of a territory or a conceptual constraint. In this form, it is the accusative singular, typically used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΣ, ΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (to rise, to move, to stir).

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: goon

Translations: then, therefore, accordingly, at least, at any rate

Notes: This word is an inferential particle used to draw a conclusion or consequence from what has just been said. It often introduces a statement that follows logically from the preceding one, indicating a result or a summary. It can also be used to emphasize a point, meaning 'at least' or 'at any rate'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a strengthened form of the particle 'γε' (ge).

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-THAY-nye

Translations: to lay upon, to put upon, to place upon, to impose, to add

Notes: This word means to lay, put, or place something upon something else. It can also mean to impose, as in imposing a burden or a hand. It is often used in contexts of physical placement or the application of something to a surface. It can also imply adding something to an existing quantity.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G3588, G2647

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Participle

Sounds like: TOYS-kah-tah-LOO-oo-see

Translations: to the ones destroying, for the ones destroying, by the ones destroying, with the ones destroying, to the ones overthrowing, for the ones overthrowing, by the ones overthrowing, with the ones overthrowing

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the dative plural definite article 'τοῖς' (tois) and the dative plural present active participle 'καταλύουσι' (kataluousi) from the verb 'καταλύω' (kataluō). Together, it refers to 'the ones who are destroying' or 'the ones who are overthrowing'. The definite article indicates that the participle is being used substantively, acting like a noun. The dative case suggests a relationship of 'to', 'for', 'by', or 'with' these individuals.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

G3965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pat-ree-AH

Translations: family, clan, lineage, ancestry, a family, a clan

Notes: This word refers to a family, clan, or lineage, emphasizing the descent from a common father or ancestor. It can denote a group of people related by blood, a tribe, or a nation. It is often used in contexts describing genealogical lines or the divisions of a people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a group descended from a common father or ancestor.

G2808

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: klays-THAY-nahy

Translations: to be closed, to be shut, to be locked

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'κλείω' (kleiō), meaning 'to close' or 'to shut'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to be closed' or 'to be shut'. It describes the action of something being closed or locked by an external agent, rather than closing itself.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΛΕΙΣΘΗΝΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΣΘΗΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'κλείω' (kleiō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to close' or 'to bar'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to closing or locking.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-THEE-nai

Translations: to be given, to be granted, to be bestowed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, 'δοθῆναι' means 'to be given' or 'to be granted'. It describes an action of receiving something without specifying who is doing the giving. It is often used in constructions where the subject of the main verb is the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense verb, characteristic of many ancient Indo-European languages.

G3588, G1529

Part of Speech: Article, Noun

Sounds like: TANE-EE-so-don

Translations: the entrance, the entry, the coming in, the way in

Notes: This is a compound word formed by the definite article 'the' (τὴν) and the noun 'entrance' or 'entry' (εἴσοδος), written together without a space. It refers to the act of entering or the place where one enters. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΟΔΟΣ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ

G1405

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eer-XAN-tas

Translations: having shut in, having confined, having restrained, having hindered, those who had shut in, those who had confined, those who had restrained, those who had hindered

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having shut in', 'having confined', 'having restrained', or 'having hindered'. It describes an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of the main verb. In this form, it refers to the ones who performed the action of shutting in or restraining.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΑΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΡΓΩ (eirgō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to shut in, enclose'. It is related to words meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure'.

G5097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-tee-MOH-ray-sthai

Translations: to have been punished, to suffer punishment, to be punished

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb τιμωρέω. It describes the state of having undergone punishment or suffering punishment. It can be used in a sentence to indicate that someone has been subjected to a punitive action.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΙΝΩ

Etymology: From τιμή (timē, "honor, value") and ὀρέω (oreō, "to care for, to look after"). Originally meant to be a guardian of honor, then to avenge, and later to punish.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THAR-thai

Translations: to be corrupted, to be destroyed, to be ruined, to be depraved, to be spoiled

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive of the verb 'φθείρω' (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. When used in the perfect passive infinitive, it describes a state of having been corrupted, destroyed, or ruined. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, often implying a state of moral decay or physical decay.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΥΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The root verb φθείρω (phtheirō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to concepts of decay, destruction, and ruin.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G3340

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-tah-no-OON-tahs

Translations: repenting, changing one's mind, having a change of mind

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'repenting' or 'changing one's mind'. It describes someone who is currently in the process of repenting or changing their way of thinking. It is often used to describe a fundamental shift in one's attitude or direction, particularly in a moral or spiritual sense.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G1941

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: TON-eh-pee-kah-leh-SAH-meh-non

Translations: of those who called upon, of those who invoked, of those who appealed to

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the definite article "the" (ΤΩΝ) and a participle (ἘΠΙΚΑΛΕΣΑΜΕΝΩΝ). The participle is an aorist middle participle, genitive plural, meaning "those who called upon" or "those who invoked." When combined with the genitive plural article, it refers to "of those who called upon" or "of those who invoked." It describes a group of people who performed the action of calling upon or invoking someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ho-RAN

Translations: to see, to look, to perceive, to behold

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It is used to express the action of seeing or observing something, often in a general sense or as a purpose. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'to be able to see' or 'in order to see'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΕΙΝ, ΘΕΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *wer- 'to perceive, observe'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and perception.

G0280

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-MEH-tron

Translations: immeasurable, boundless, excessive, without measure, a boundless thing, an immeasurable thing

Notes: This word describes something that is without measure, boundless, or excessive. It is often used to convey the idea of something being beyond calculation or limit, such as an immeasurable amount of wealth or an excessive degree of cruelty. It is a compound word formed from the alpha privative (ἀ-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'μέτρον' (metron) meaning 'measure'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΜΕΤΡΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΕΤΡΟΝ is derived from the prefix ἀ- (alpha privative), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with the noun μέτρον (metron), meaning 'measure' or 'limit'. It literally means 'without measure'.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-MNA-khon

Translations: of allies, of confederates, of auxiliaries

Notes: This word refers to those who fight alongside someone, acting as allies, confederates, or auxiliaries. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It is used to describe a group of people who are united in a common cause or conflict.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΩΝ, ΒΟΗΘΩΝ

Etymology: The word σύμμαχος (symmachos) is derived from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. It literally means 'fighting with' or 'fellow-fighter'.

G0150, G5111

Part of Speech: Verb (Infinitive), Adverb

Sounds like: ahee-SKHEES-tah-TOL-man

Translations: to dare most shamefully, to act most basely, to venture most disgracefully

Notes: This is a compound phrase formed by the superlative adverb ΑἸΣΧΙΣΤΑ (aischista), meaning 'most shamefully' or 'most basely', and the present active infinitive ΤΟΛΜΑΝ (tolman), meaning 'to dare' or 'to venture'. Together, it describes the act of daring or venturing in the most shameful or disgraceful manner. It implies an action that is not only bold but also morally reprehensible.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive (ΤΟΛΜΑΝ), Superlative Adverb (ΑἸΣΧΙΣΤΑ)

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AP-tes-thai

Translations: to fasten to, to attach to, to apply to, to impute to, to ascribe to

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and the verb ἅπτω (hapto, 'to fasten, to touch'). It means to fasten something to something else, to attach it, or to apply it. In a figurative sense, it can mean to impute or ascribe something, often a fault or a crime, to someone.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEKH-rees

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, even to

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that serves as a limit or boundary. As a preposition, it means 'until' or 'up to' a certain point or place. As a conjunction, it means 'until' or 'while' a certain event occurs. As an adverb, it can mean 'even to' or 'as far as'. It often takes the genitive case when used as a preposition, but can also be followed by a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'μέχρι' (mechri), which also means 'until' or 'up to'. The '-ς' ending is an adverbial suffix.

G2967

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LOO-eh

Translations: hinder, prevent, forbid, restrain

Notes: This word means to hinder, prevent, or forbid something from happening. It is often used to describe an action that stops or restrains another action or person. For example, one might be hindered from entering a place, or someone might forbid an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of cutting off or impeding.

G5563

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-ree-ZEE-tai

Translations: be separated, be divided, be parted, be put asunder

Notes: This word means to separate, divide, or part. In this inflected form, it is in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is being separated or divided by an external agent. It is often used in contexts of physical separation or the dissolution of relationships.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΩΡΙΖΩ comes from the noun χωρίον (chōrion), meaning 'place' or 'region', which itself is derived from χώρα (chōra), meaning 'land' or 'country'. The verb thus implies making a distinction or separation of places or things.

G1324

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: droh-MEH-nohn

Translations: of things being done, of those being done, of actions being performed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'δράω' (drao), meaning 'to do' or 'to perform'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is in the process of being done or performed. In this form, it refers to the genitive plural of things or people that are being acted upon or are in the process of being done.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G1169

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-NOO-n

Translations: to make terrible, to make dreadful, to exaggerate, to magnify, to make formidable

Notes: This verb means to make something terrible, dreadful, or formidable. It can also mean to exaggerate or magnify something, making it appear more severe or significant than it is. It describes the act of intensifying a quality, often a negative one, or making a situation more serious.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ, ἘΠΙΤΕΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the adjective δεινός (deinos), meaning 'terrible' or 'fearful'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G1228

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-boh-LEE

Translations: slander, a slander, accusation, a false accusation, calumny

Notes: This word refers to slander, false accusation, or calumny. It describes the act of making damaging and untrue statements about someone, often with malicious intent. It can be used in contexts where someone is being accused falsely or where harmful gossip is being spread.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΨΕΥΣΜΟΣ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΟΛΗ (diabolē) is derived from the verb διαβάλλω (diaballō), meaning 'to throw across, to slander, to accuse falsely'. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw'.

G5316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-PHEE-neh

Translations: has appeared, has shone, has become visible, has been revealed

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative form of the verb 'phainō', meaning 'to shine' or 'to appear'. In the perfect tense, it describes an action completed in the past with ongoing results in the present. Therefore, 'pephēne' means 'he/she/it has appeared' or 'he/she/it has shone' or 'he/she/it has become visible'. It is used to indicate that something has come into view or has been made manifest.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΦΑΝΗ, ΕΦΩΤΙΣΕ, ΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΘΗ

Etymology: The word 'phainō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to shine' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to light or appearance.

G2198

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-fo-dos

Translations: approach, a hostile approach, attack, an attack, invasion, an invasion, onset, an onset

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning an 'approach' or 'coming upon'. It often carries the connotation of a hostile or aggressive approach, such as an attack, invasion, or onset, especially in a military context. It describes the act of moving towards or entering a place, often with force or intent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΘΕΣΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΒΟΛΗ, ἘΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. Thus, it literally means 'a way upon' or 'a coming upon'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-DEH-mee-ah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, not one, not any, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'not any.' It is used to express absolute negation, emphasizing the complete absence of something or someone. It functions similarly to 'not a single one' and is often used to modify nouns or stand in for them, agreeing in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to or replaces.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

G1413

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-nas-TEH-yah

Translations: dominion, a dominion, power, a power, might, a might, authority, an authority, dynasty, a dynasty

Notes: This word refers to power, dominion, or authority, often implying a position of rule or a powerful government. It can also refer to a dynasty or a powerful family. It is used to describe the exercise of power or the sphere over which power is exercised.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΙΑ (dynasteia) comes from the Greek word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ (dynastēs), meaning 'lord, ruler, master', which itself is derived from ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ (dynamai), 'to be able, to be powerful'.

G5181

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-TEH-khee-stai

Translations: has been fortified, has been walled up, has been built upon

Notes: This is a verb in the perfect tense, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It means 'to have been fortified' or 'to have been walled up,' implying that a structure or position has been made strong or secure by building walls around it or upon it. The prefix 'ἐπι-' adds the sense of 'upon' or 'in addition to,' suggesting fortification on or against something.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ὈΧΥΡΟΩ, ἈΣΦΑΛΙΖΩ

G0300

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-khoh-REH-in

Translations: to withdraw, to depart, to go away, to retire, to return

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to withdraw' or 'to depart'. It is often used to describe someone leaving a place, either to go to another location, to retreat, or to return to a previous state or place. It can also imply a separation or a retirement from a situation or group.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: This word is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, to go, to proceed'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koo

Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a temple, of a family, of a dwelling, of a building

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', 'home', 'household', 'family', or 'temple'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'τοῦ οἴκου' would mean 'of the house'. It can refer to a physical dwelling, a family unit, or even a spiritual dwelling like a temple.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'οἶκος' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'dwelling' or 'house'. It is related to words for 'house' in other Indo-European languages.

G2841, G3588

Part of Speech: Verb, Article

Sounds like: koy-no-NAY-in-toys

Translations: to share with the, to have fellowship with the, to participate with the, to communicate with the, to be a partner with the, to share with those, to have fellowship with those, to participate with those, to communicate with those, to be a partner with those

Notes: This is a compound phrase consisting of the present active infinitive of the verb κοινωνέω (koinōneō), meaning 'to share' or 'to have fellowship', and the dative plural definite article τοῖς (tois), meaning 'to the' or 'with the'. Together, it means 'to share with the' or 'to participate with those'. It describes the act of engaging in a common activity or relationship with a group of people or things.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive (ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΙΝ), Dative Plural (ΤΟΙΣ), Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΕΙΝ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΙΝ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn

Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.

G5331

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: feh-na-KIS-then-tes

Translations: having been deceived, deceived

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'phenakizo', meaning 'to deceive' or 'to cheat'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of being deceived. It indicates a completed action in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the deception.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

Etymology: The verb φενακίζω (phenakizō) is derived from φέναξ (phenax), meaning 'a deceiver' or 'an impostor'. Its origin is uncertain, but it relates to the concept of trickery and illusion.

G3348